{"id":164,"date":"2026-05-20T12:19:53","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T12:19:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/?page_id=164"},"modified":"2026-05-28T11:17:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T11:17:21","slug":"test-7","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/?page_id=164","title":{"rendered":"The Return Of The King"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pippin looked out from the shelter of Gandalf\u2019s cloak. He<br>wondered if he was awake or still sleeping, still in the swiftmoving dream in which he had been wrapped so long since<br>the great ride began. The dark world was rushing by and the<br>wind sang loudly in his ears. He could see nothing but the<br>wheeling stars, and away to his right vast shadows against<br>the sky where the mountains of the South marched past.<br>Sleepily he tried to reckon the times and stages of their<br>journey, but his memory was drowsy and uncertain.<br>There had been the first ride at terrible speed without a<br>halt, and then in the dawn he had seen a pale gleam of gold,<br>and they had come to the silent town and the great empty<br>house on the hill. And hardly had they reached its shelter<br>when the winged shadow had passed over once again, and<br>men wilted with fear. But Gandalf had spoken soft words to<br>him, and he had slept in a corner, tired but uneasy, dimly<br>aware of comings and goings and of men talking and Gandalf<br>giving orders. And then again riding, riding in the night. This<br>was the second, no, the third night since he had looked in the<br>Stone. And with that hideous memory he woke fully, and<br>shivered, and the noise of the wind became filled with menacing voices.<br>A light kindled in the sky, a blaze of yellow fire behind<br>dark barriers. Pippin cowered back, afraid for a moment,<br>wondering into what dreadful country Gandalf was bearing<br>him. He rubbed his eyes, and then he saw that it was the<br>moon rising above the eastern shadows, now almost at the<br>full. So the night was not yet old and for hours the dark<br>journey would go on. He stirred and spoke.<br>\u2018Where are we, Gandalf ?\u2019 he asked.<br>978 the return of the king<br>\u2018In the realm of Gondor,\u2019 the wizard answered. \u2018The land<br>of Ano\u00b4rien is still passing by.\u2019<br>There was a silence again for a while. Then, \u2018What is that?\u2019<br>cried Pippin suddenly, clutching at Gandalf\u2019s cloak. \u2018Look!<br>Fire, red fire! Are there dragons in this land? Look, there is<br>another!\u2019<br>For answer Gandalf cried aloud to his horse. \u2018On, Shadowfax! We must hasten. Time is short. See! The beacons<br>of Gondor are alight, calling for aid. War is kindled. See,<br>there is the fire on Amon D\u0131\u02c6n, and flame on Eilenach; and<br>there they go speeding west: Nardol, Erelas, Min-Rimmon,<br>Calenhad, and the Halifirien on the borders of Rohan.\u2019<br>But Shadowfax paused in his stride, slowing to a walk, and<br>then he lifted up his head and neighed. And out of the darkness the answering neigh of other horses came; and presently<br>the thudding of hoofs was heard, and three riders swept up and<br>passed like flying ghosts in the moon and vanished into the<br>West. Then Shadowfax gathered himself together and sprang<br>away, and the night flowed over him like a roaring wind.<br>Pippin became drowsy again and paid little attention to<br>Gandalf telling him of the customs of Gondor, and how the<br>Lord of the City had beacons built on the tops of outlying<br>hills along both borders of the great range, and maintained<br>posts at these points where fresh horses were always in readiness to bear his errand-riders to Rohan in the North, or to<br>Belfalas in the South. \u2018It is long since the beacons of the<br>North were lit,\u2019 he said; \u2018and in the ancient days of Gondor<br>they were not needed, for they had the Seven Stones.\u2019 Pippin<br>stirred uneasily.<br>\u2018Sleep again, and do not be afraid!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018For you<br>are not going like Frodo to Mordor, but to Minas Tirith, and<br>there you will be as safe as you can be anywhere in these<br>days. If Gondor falls, or the Ring is taken, then the Shire will<br>be no refuge.\u2019<br>\u2018You do not comfort me,\u2019 said Pippin, but nonetheless<br>sleep crept over him. The last thing that he remembered<br>before he fell into deep dream was a glimpse of high white<br>minas tirith 979<br>peaks, glimmering like floating isles above the clouds as they<br>caught the light of the westering moon. He wondered where<br>Frodo was, and if he was already in Mordor, or if he was<br>dead; and he did not know that Frodo from far away looked<br>on that same moon as it set beyond Gondor ere the coming<br>of the day.<br>Pippin woke to the sound of voices. Another day of hiding<br>and a night of journey had fleeted by. It was twilight: the cold<br>dawn was at hand again, and chill grey mists were about<br>them. Shadowfax stood steaming with sweat, but he held his<br>neck proudly and showed no sign of weariness. Many tall<br>men heavily cloaked stood beside him, and behind them in<br>the mist loomed a wall of stone. Partly ruinous it seemed, but<br>already before the night was passed the sound of hurried<br>labour could be heard: beat of hammers, clink of trowels, and<br>the creak of wheels. Torches and flares glowed dully here<br>and there in the fog. Gandalf was speaking to the men that<br>barred his way, and as he listened Pippin became aware that<br>he himself was being discussed.<br>\u2018Yea truly, we know you, Mithrandir,\u2019 said the leader of<br>the men, \u2018and you know the pass-words of the Seven Gates<br>and are free to go forward. But we do not know your companion. What is he? A dwarf out of the mountains in the<br>North? We wish for no strangers in the land at this time,<br>unless they be mighty men of arms in whose faith and help<br>we can trust.\u2019<br>\u2018I will vouch for him before the seat of Denethor,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018And as for valour, that cannot be computed by<br>stature. He has passed through more battles and perils than<br>you have, Ingold, though you be twice his height; and he<br>comes now from the storming of Isengard, of which we bear<br>tidings, and great weariness is on him, or I would wake him.<br>His name is Peregrin, a very valiant man.\u2019<br>\u2018Man?\u2019 said Ingold dubiously, and the others laughed.<br>\u2018Man!\u2019 cried Pippin, now thoroughly roused. \u2018Man! Indeed<br>not! I am a hobbit and no more valiant than I am a man, save<br>980 the return of the king<br>perhaps now and again by necessity. Do not let Gandalf<br>deceive you!\u2019<br>\u2018Many a doer of great deeds might say no more,\u2019 said<br>Ingold. \u2018But what is a hobbit?\u2019<br>\u2018A Halfling,\u2019 answered Gandalf. \u2018Nay, not the one that was<br>spoken of,\u2019 he added seeing the wonder in the men\u2019s faces.<br>\u2018Not he, yet one of his kindred.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, and one who journeyed with him,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018And<br>Boromir of your City was with us, and he saved me in the<br>snows of the North, and at the last he was slain defending<br>me from many foes.\u2019<br>\u2018Peace!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018The news of that grief should have<br>been told first to the father.\u2019<br>\u2018It has been guessed already,\u2019 said Ingold; \u2018for there have<br>been strange portents here of late. But pass on now quickly!<br>For the Lord of Minas Tirith will be eager to see any that<br>bear the latest tidings of his son, be he man or\u2014\u2014\u2019<br>\u2018Hobbit,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Little service can I offer to your<br>lord, but what I can do, I would do, remembering Boromir<br>the brave.\u2019<br>\u2018Fare you well!\u2019 said Ingold; and the men made way for<br>Shadowfax, and he passed through a narrow gate in the<br>wall. \u2018May you bring good counsel to Denethor in his need,<br>and to us all, Mithrandir!\u2019 Ingold cried. \u2018But you come with<br>tidings of grief and danger, as is your wont, they say.\u2019<br>\u2018Because I come seldom but when my help is needed,\u2019<br>answered Gandalf. \u2018And as for counsel, to you I would say<br>that you are over-late in repairing the wall of the Pelennor.<br>Courage will now be your best defence against the storm<br>that is at hand \u2013 that and such hope as I bring. For not all<br>the tidings that I bring are evil. But leave your trowels and<br>sharpen your swords!\u2019<br>\u2018The work will be finished ere evening,\u2019 said Ingold. \u2018This<br>is the last portion of the wall to be put in defence: the least<br>open to attack, for it looks towards our friends of Rohan. Do<br>you know aught of them? Will they answer the summons,<br>think you?\u2019<br>minas tirith 981<br>\u2018Yes, they will come. But they have fought many battles<br>at your back. This road and no road looks towards safety<br>any longer. Be vigilant! But for Gandalf Stormcrow you<br>would have seen a host of foes coming out of Ano\u00b4rien and<br>no Riders of Rohan. And you may yet. Fare you well, and<br>sleep not!\u2019<br>Gandalf passed now into the wide land beyond the<br>Rammas Echor. So the men of Gondor called the out-wall<br>that they had built with great labour, after Ithilien fell under<br>the shadow of their Enemy. For ten leagues or more it ran<br>from the mountains\u2019 feet and so back again, enclosing in its<br>fence the fields of the Pelennor: fair and fertile townlands on<br>the long slopes and terraces falling to the deep levels of the<br>Anduin. At its furthest point from the Great Gate of the City,<br>north-eastward, the wall was four leagues distant, and there<br>from a frowning bank it overlooked the long flats beside the<br>river, and men had made it high and strong; for at that point,<br>upon a walled causeway, the road came in from the fords<br>and bridges of Osgiliath and passed through a guarded gate<br>between embattled towers. At its nearest point the wall was<br>little more than one league from the City, and that was southeastward. There Anduin, going in a wide knee about the hills<br>of Emyn Arnen in South Ithilien, bent sharply west, and the<br>out-wall rose upon its very brink; and beneath it lay the quays<br>and landings of the Harlond for craft that came upstream<br>from the southern fiefs.<br>The townlands were rich, with wide tilth and many<br>orchards, and homesteads there were with oast and garner,<br>fold and byre, and many rills rippling through the green<br>from the highlands down to Anduin. Yet the herdsmen and<br>husbandmen that dwelt there were not many, and the most<br>part of the people of Gondor lived in the seven circles of<br>the City, or in the high vales of the mountain-borders, in<br>Lossarnach, or further south in fair Lebennin with its five<br>swift streams. There dwelt a hardy folk between the mountains and the sea. They were reckoned men of Gondor, yet<br>982 the return of the king<br>their blood was mingled, and there were short and swarthy<br>folk among them whose sires came more from the forgotten<br>men who housed in the shadow of the hills in the Dark Years<br>ere the coming of the kings. But beyond, in the great fief of<br>Belfalas, dwelt Prince Imrahil in his castle of Dol Amroth by<br>the sea, and he was of high blood, and his folk also, tall men<br>and proud with sea-grey eyes.<br>Now after Gandalf had ridden for some time the light of<br>day grew in the sky, and Pippin roused himself and looked<br>up. To his left lay a sea of mist, rising to a bleak shadow in<br>the East; but to his right great mountains reared their heads,<br>ranging from the West to a steep and sudden end, as if in the<br>making of the land the River had burst through a great<br>barrier, carving out a mighty valley to be a land of battle<br>and debate in times to come. And there where the White<br>Mountains of Ered Nimrais came to their end he saw, as<br>Gandalf had promised, the dark mass of Mount Mindolluin,<br>the deep purple shadows of its high glens, and its tall face<br>whitening in the rising day. And upon its out-thrust knee was<br>the Guarded City, with its seven walls of stone so strong and<br>old that it seemed to have been not builded but carven by<br>giants out of the bones of the earth.<br>Even as Pippin gazed in wonder the walls passed from<br>looming grey to white, blushing faintly in the dawn; and<br>suddenly the sun climbed over the eastern shadow and sent<br>forth a shaft that smote the face of the City. Then Pippin<br>cried aloud, for the Tower of Ecthelion, standing high within<br>the topmost wall, shone out against the sky, glimmering like<br>a spike of pearl and silver, tall and fair and shapely, and its<br>pinnacle glittered as if it were wrought of crystals; and white<br>banners broke and fluttered from the battlements in the<br>morning breeze, and high and far he heard a clear ringing as<br>of silver trumpets.<br>So Gandalf and Peregrin rode to the Great Gate of the<br>Men of Gondor at the rising of the sun, and its iron doors<br>rolled back before them.<br>minas tirith 983<br>\u2018Mithrandir! Mithrandir!\u2019 men cried. \u2018Now we know that<br>the storm is indeed nigh!\u2019<br>\u2018It is upon you,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018I have ridden on its wings.<br>Let me pass! I must come to your Lord Denethor, while his<br>stewardship lasts. Whatever betide, you have come to the end<br>of the Gondor that you have known. Let me pass!\u2019<br>Then men fell back before the command of his voice and<br>questioned him no further, though they gazed in wonder at<br>the hobbit that sat before him and at the horse that bore him.<br>For the people of the City used horses very little and they<br>were seldom seen in their streets, save only those ridden by<br>the errand-riders of their lord. And they said: \u2018Surely that is<br>one of the great steeds of the King of Rohan? Maybe the<br>Rohirrim will come soon to strengthen us.\u2019 But Shadowfax<br>walked proudly up the long winding road.<br>For the fashion of Minas Tirith was such that it was built<br>on seven levels, each delved into the hill, and about each was<br>set a wall, and in each wall was a gate. But the gates were not<br>set in a line: the Great Gate in the City Wall was at the east<br>point of the circuit, but the next faced half south, and the<br>third half north, and so to and fro upwards; so that the paved<br>way that climbed towards the Citadel turned first this way<br>and then that across the face of the hill. And each time that<br>it passed the line of the Great Gate it went through an arched<br>tunnel, piercing a vast pier of rock whose huge out-thrust<br>bulk divided in two all the circles of the City save the first.<br>For partly in the primeval shaping of the hill, partly by the<br>mighty craft and labour of old, there stood up from the rear<br>of the wide court behind the Gate a towering bastion of stone,<br>its edge sharp as a ship-keel facing east. Up it rose, even to<br>the level of the topmost circle, and there was crowned by a<br>battlement; so that those in the Citadel might, like mariners<br>in a mountainous ship, look from its peak sheer down upon<br>the Gate seven hundred feet below. The entrance to the<br>Citadel also looked eastward, but was delved in the heart of<br>the rock; thence a long lamp-lit slope ran up to the seventh<br>984 the return of the king<br>gate. Thus men reached at last the High Court, and the Place<br>of the Fountain before the feet of the White Tower: tall and<br>shapely, fifty fathoms from its base to the pinnacle, where<br>the banner of the Stewards floated a thousand feet above the<br>plain.<br>A strong citadel it was indeed, and not to be taken by a<br>host of enemies, if there were any within that could hold<br>weapons; unless some foe could come behind and scale the<br>lower skirts of Mindolluin, and so come upon the narrow<br>shoulder that joined the Hill of Guard to the mountain mass.<br>But that shoulder, which rose to the height of the fifth wall,<br>was hedged with great ramparts right up to the precipice that<br>overhung its western end; and in that space stood the houses<br>and domed tombs of bygone kings and lords, for ever silent<br>between the mountain and the tower.<br>Pippin gazed in growing wonder at the great stone city,<br>vaster and more splendid than anything that he had dreamed<br>of; greater and stronger than Isengard, and far more beautiful.<br>Yet it was in truth falling year by year into decay; and already<br>it lacked half the men that could have dwelt at ease there. In<br>every street they passed some great house or court over whose<br>doors and arched gates were carved many fair letters of<br>strange and ancient shapes: names Pippin guessed of great<br>men and kindreds that had once dwelt there; and yet now<br>they were silent, and no footsteps rang on their wide pavements, nor voice was heard in their halls, nor any face looked<br>out from door or empty window.<br>At last they came out of shadow to the seventh gate, and<br>the warm sun that shone down beyond the river, as Frodo<br>walked in the glades of Ithilien, glowed here on the smooth<br>walls and rooted pillars, and the great arch with keystone<br>carven in the likeness of a crowned and kingly head. Gandalf<br>dismounted, for no horse was allowed in the Citadel, and<br>Shadowfax suffered himself to be led away at the soft word<br>of his master.<br>The Guards of the gate were robed in black, and their<br>minas tirith 985<br>helms were of strange shape, high-crowned, with long cheekguards close-fitting to the face, and above the cheek-guards<br>were set the white wings of sea-birds; but the helms gleamed<br>with a flame of silver, for they were indeed wrought of mithril,<br>heirlooms from the glory of old days. Upon the black surcoats<br>were embroidered in white a tree blossoming like snow beneath a silver crown and many-pointed stars. This was the<br>livery of the heirs of Elendil, and none wore it now in all<br>Gondor, save the Guards of the Citadel before the Court of<br>the Fountain where the White Tree once had grown.<br>Already it seemed that word of their coming had gone<br>before them; and at once they were admitted, silently, and<br>without question. Quickly Gandalf strode across the whitepaved court. A sweet fountain played there in the morning<br>sun, and a sward of bright green lay about it; but in the midst,<br>drooping over the pool, stood a dead tree, and the falling<br>drops dripped sadly from its barren and broken branches<br>back into the clear water.<br>Pippin glanced at it as he hurried after Gandalf. It looked<br>mournful, he thought, and he wondered why the dead tree<br>was left in this place where everything else was well tended.<br>Seven stars and seven stones and one white tree.<br>The words that Gandalf had murmured came back into<br>his mind. And then he found himself at the doors of the great<br>hall beneath the gleaming tower; and behind the wizard<br>he passed the tall silent door-wardens and entered the cool<br>echoing shadows of the house of stone.<br>They walked down a paved passage, long and empty, and<br>as they went Gandalf spoke softly to Pippin. \u2018Be careful of<br>your words, Master Peregrin! This is no time for hobbit<br>pertness. The\u00b4oden is a kindly old man. Denethor is of another<br>sort, proud and subtle, a man of far greater lineage and<br>power, though he is not called a king. But he will speak most<br>to you, and question you much, since you can tell him of his<br>son Boromir. He loved him greatly: too much perhaps; and<br>the more so because they were unlike. But under cover of<br>986 the return of the king<br>this love he will think it easier to learn what he wishes from<br>you rather than from me. Do not tell him more than you<br>need, and leave quiet the matter of Frodo\u2019s errand. I will deal<br>with that in due time. And say nothing about Aragorn either,<br>unless you must.\u2019<br>\u2018Why not? What is wrong with Strider?\u2019 Pippin whispered.<br>\u2018He meant to come here, didn\u2019t he? And he\u2019ll be arriving<br>soon himself, anyway.\u2019<br>\u2018Maybe, maybe,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Though if he comes,<br>it is likely to be in some way that no one expects, not<br>even Denethor. It will be better so. At least he should come<br>unheralded by us.\u2019<br>Gandalf halted before a tall door of polished metal. \u2018See,<br>Master Pippin, there is no time to instruct you now in the<br>history of Gondor; though it might have been better, if you<br>had learned something of it, when you were still birds-nesting<br>and playing truant in the woods of the Shire. Do as I bid! It<br>is scarcely wise when bringing the news of the death of his<br>heir to a mighty lord to speak over much of the coming of<br>one who will, if he comes, claim the kingship. Is that enough?\u2019<br>\u2018Kingship?\u2019 said Pippin amazed.<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018If you have walked all these days with<br>closed ears and mind asleep, wake up now!\u2019 He knocked on<br>the door.<br>The door opened, but no one could be seen to open it.<br>Pippin looked into a great hall. It was lit by deep windows in<br>the wide aisles at either side, beyond the rows of tall pillars<br>that upheld the roof. Monoliths of black marble, they rose to<br>great capitals carved in many strange figures of beasts and<br>leaves; and far above in shadow the wide vaulting gleamed<br>with dull gold. The floor was of polished stone, whitegleaming, inset with flowing traceries of many colours. No<br>hangings nor storied webs, nor any things of woven stuff or<br>of wood, were to be seen in that long solemn hall; but between<br>the pillars there stood a silent company of tall images graven<br>in cold stone.<br>minas tirith 987<br>Suddenly Pippin was reminded of the hewn rocks of<br>Argonath, and awe fell on him, as he looked down that avenue<br>of kings long dead. At the far end upon a dais of many steps<br>was set a high throne under a canopy of marble shaped like<br>a crowned helm; behind it was carved upon the wall and set<br>with gems an image of a tree in flower. But the throne was<br>empty. At the foot of the dais, upon the lowest step which<br>was broad and deep, there was a stone chair, black and<br>unadorned, and on it sat an old man gazing at his lap. In his<br>hand was a white rod with a golden knob. He did not look<br>up. Solemnly they paced the long floor towards him, until<br>they stood three paces from his footstool. Then Gandalf<br>spoke.<br>\u2018Hail, Lord and Steward of Minas Tirith, Denethor son of<br>Ecthelion! I am come with counsel and tidings in this dark<br>hour.\u2019<br>Then the old man looked up. Pippin saw his carven face<br>with its proud bones and skin like ivory, and the long curved<br>nose between the dark deep eyes; and he was reminded not<br>so much of Boromir as of Aragorn. \u2018Dark indeed is the hour,\u2019<br>said the old man, \u2018and at such times you are wont to come,<br>Mithrandir. But though all the signs forebode that the doom<br>of Gondor is drawing nigh, less now to me is that darkness<br>than my own darkness. It has been told to me that you bring<br>with you one who saw my son die. Is this he?\u2019<br>\u2018It is,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018One of the twain. The other is with<br>The\u00b4oden of Rohan and may come hereafter. Halflings they<br>are, as you see, yet this is not he of whom the omens spoke.\u2019<br>\u2018Yet a Halfling still,\u2019 said Denethor grimly, \u2018and little love<br>do I bear the name, since those accursed words came to<br>trouble our counsels and drew away my son on the wild<br>errand to his death. My Boromir! Now we have need of you.<br>Faramir should have gone in his stead.\u2019<br>\u2018He would have gone,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Be not unjust in your<br>grief! Boromir claimed the errand and would not suffer any<br>other to have it. He was a masterful man, and one to take<br>what he desired. I journeyed far with him and learned much<br>988 the return of the king<br>of his mood. But you speak of his death. You have had news<br>of that ere we came?\u2019<br>\u2018I have received this,\u2019 said Denethor, and laying down his<br>rod he lifted from his lap the thing that he had been gazing<br>at. In each hand he held up one half of a great horn cloven<br>through the middle: a wild-ox horn bound with silver.<br>\u2018That is the horn that Boromir always wore!\u2019 cried Pippin.<br>\u2018Verily,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018And in my turn I bore it, and so<br>did each eldest son of our house, far back into the vanished<br>years before the failing of the kings, since Vorondil father of<br>Mardil hunted the wild kine of Araw in the far fields of Rhu\u02c6n.<br>I heard it blowing dim upon the northern marches thirteen<br>days ago, and the River brought it to me, broken: it will wind<br>no more.\u2019 He paused and there was a heavy silence. Suddenly<br>he turned his black glance upon Pippin. \u2018What say you to<br>that, Halfling?\u2019<br>\u2018Thirteen, thirteen days,\u2019 faltered Pippin. \u2018Yes, I think that<br>would be so. Yes, I stood beside him, as he blew the horn.<br>But no help came. Only more orcs.\u2019<br>\u2018So,\u2019 said Denethor, looking keenly at Pippin\u2019s face. \u2018You<br>were there? Tell me more! Why did no help come? And how<br>did you escape, and yet he did not, so mighty a man as he<br>was, and only orcs to withstand him?\u2019<br>Pippin flushed and forgot his fear. \u2018The mightiest man<br>may be slain by one arrow,\u2019 he said; \u2018and Boromir was pierced<br>by many. When last I saw him he sank beside a tree and<br>plucked a black-feathered shaft from his side. Then I<br>swooned and was made captive. I saw him no more, and<br>know no more. But I honour his memory, for he was very<br>valiant. He died to save us, my kinsman Meriadoc and<br>myself, waylaid in the woods by the soldiery of the Dark<br>Lord; and though he fell and failed, my gratitude is none<br>the less.\u2019<br>Then Pippin looked the old man in the eye, for pride stirred<br>strangely within him, still stung by the scorn and suspicion<br>in that cold voice. \u2018Little service, no doubt, will so great a<br>lord of Men think to find in a hobbit, a halfling from the<br>minas tirith 989<br>northern Shire; yet such as it is, I will offer it, in payment of<br>my debt.\u2019 Twitching aside his grey cloak, Pippin drew forth<br>his small sword and laid it at Denethor\u2019s feet.<br>A pale smile, like a gleam of cold sun on a winter\u2019s evening,<br>passed over the old man\u2019s face; but he bent his head and held<br>out his hand, laying the shards of the horn aside. \u2018Give me<br>the weapon!\u2019 he said.<br>Pippin lifted it and presented the hilt to him. \u2018Whence<br>came this?\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018Many, many years lie on it. Surely<br>this is a blade wrought by our own kindred in the North in<br>the deep past?\u2019<br>\u2018It came out of the mounds that lie on the borders of my<br>country,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018But only evil wights dwell there now,<br>and I will not willingly tell more of them.\u2019<br>\u2018I see that strange tales are woven about you,\u2019 said<br>Denethor, \u2018and once again it is shown that looks may belie<br>the man \u2013 or the halfling. I accept your service. For you are<br>not daunted by words; and you have courteous speech,<br>strange though the sound of it may be to us in the South.<br>And we shall have need of all folk of courtesy, be they great<br>or small, in the days to come. Swear to me now!\u2019<br>\u2018Take the hilt,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018and speak after the Lord, if<br>you are resolved on this.\u2019<br>\u2018I am,\u2019 said Pippin.<br>The old man laid the sword along his lap, and Pippin put<br>his hand to the hilt, and said slowly after Denethor:<br>\u2018Here do I swear fealty and service to Gondor, and to the<br>Lord and Steward of the realm, to speak and to be silent, to<br>do and to let be, to come and to go, in need or plenty, in<br>peace or war, in living or dying, from this hour henceforth,<br>until my lord release me, or death take me, or the world end.<br>So say I, Peregrin son of Paladin of the Shire of the Halflings.\u2019<br>\u2018And this do I hear, Denethor son of Ecthelion, Lord of<br>Gondor, Steward of the High King, and I will not forget it,<br>nor fail to reward that which is given: fealty with love, valour<br>with honour, oath-breaking with vengeance.\u2019 Then Pippin<br>received back his sword and put it in its sheath.<br>990 the return of the king<br>\u2018And now,\u2019 said Denethor, \u2018my first command to you:<br>speak and be not silent! Tell me your full tale, and see that<br>you recall all that you can of Boromir, my son. Sit now and<br>begin!\u2019 As he spoke he struck a small silver gong that stood<br>near his footstool, and at once servants came forward. Pippin<br>saw then that they had been standing in alcoves on either<br>side of the door, unseen as he and Gandalf entered.<br>\u2018Bring wine and food and seats for the guests,\u2019 said<br>Denethor, \u2018and see that none trouble us for one hour.\u2019<br>\u2018It is all that I have to spare, for there is much else to heed,\u2019<br>he said to Gandalf. \u2018Much of more import, it may seem, and<br>yet to me less pressing. But maybe we can speak again at the<br>end of the day.\u2019<br>\u2018And earlier, it is to be hoped,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018For I have<br>not ridden hither from Isengard, one hundred and fifty<br>leagues, with the speed of wind, only to bring you one small<br>warrior, however courteous. Is it naught to you that The\u00b4oden<br>has fought a great battle, and that Isengard is overthrown,<br>and that I have broken the staff of Saruman?\u2019<br>\u2018It is much to me. But I know already sufficient of these<br>deeds for my own counsel against the menace of the East.\u2019<br>He turned his dark eyes on Gandalf, and now Pippin saw a<br>likeness between the two, and he felt the strain between them,<br>almost as if he saw a line of smouldering fire, drawn from<br>eye to eye, that might suddenly burst into flame.<br>Denethor looked indeed much more like a great wizard<br>than Gandalf did, more kingly, beautiful, and powerful; and<br>older. Yet by a sense other than sight Pippin perceived that<br>Gandalf had the greater power and the deeper wisdom, and<br>a majesty that was veiled. And he was older, far older. \u2018How<br>much older?\u2019 he wondered, and then he thought how odd it<br>was that he had never thought about it before. Treebeard<br>had said something about wizards, but even then he had not<br>thought of Gandalf as one of them. What was Gandalf ? In<br>what far time and place did he come into the world, and<br>when would he leave it? And then his musings broke off, and<br>he saw that Denethor and Gandalf still looked each other in<br>minas tirith 991<br>the eye, as if reading the other\u2019s mind. But it was Denethor<br>who first withdrew his gaze.<br>\u2018Yea,\u2019 he said; \u2018for though the Stones be lost, they say, still<br>the lords of Gondor have keener sight than lesser men, and<br>many messages come to them. But sit now!\u2019<br>Then men came bearing a chair and a low stool, and one<br>brought a salver with a silver flagon and cups, and white<br>cakes. Pippin sat down, but he could not take his eyes from<br>the old lord. Was it so, or had he only imagined it, that as he<br>spoke of the Stones a sudden gleam of his eye had glanced<br>upon Pippin\u2019s face?<br>\u2018Now tell me your tale, my liege,\u2019 said Denethor, half<br>kindly, half mockingly. \u2018For the words of one whom my son<br>so befriended will be welcome indeed.\u2019<br>Pippin never forgot that hour in the great hall under the<br>piercing eye of the Lord of Gondor, stabbed ever and anon<br>by his shrewd questions, and all the while conscious of<br>Gandalf at his side, watching and listening, and (so Pippin<br>felt) holding in check a rising wrath and impatience. When<br>the hour was over and Denethor again rang the gong, Pippin<br>felt worn out. \u2018It cannot be more than nine o\u2019clock,\u2019 he<br>thought. \u2018I could now eat three breakfasts on end.\u2019<br>\u2018Lead the Lord Mithrandir to the housing prepared for<br>him,\u2019 said Denethor, \u2018and his companion may lodge with him<br>for the present, if he will. But be it known that I have now<br>sworn him to my service, and he shall be known as Peregrin<br>son of Paladin and taught the lesser pass-words. Send word<br>to the Captains that they shall wait on me here, as soon as<br>may be after the third hour has rung.<br>\u2018And you, my Lord Mithrandir, shall come too, as and<br>when you will. None shall hinder your coming to me at any<br>time, save only in my brief hours of sleep. Let your wrath at<br>an old man\u2019s folly run off, and then return to my comfort!\u2019<br>\u2018Folly?\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Nay, my lord, when you are a<br>dotard you will die. You can use even your grief as a cloak.<br>Do you think that I do not understand your purpose in<br>992 the return of the king<br>questioning for an hour one who knows the least, while I<br>sit by?\u2019<br>\u2018If you understand it, then be content,\u2019 returned Denethor.<br>\u2018Pride would be folly that disdained help and counsel at need;<br>but you deal out such gifts according to your own designs.<br>Yet the Lord of Gondor is not to be made the tool of other<br>men\u2019s purposes, however worthy. And to him there is no<br>purpose higher in the world as it now stands than the good<br>of Gondor; and the rule of Gondor, my lord, is mine and no<br>other man\u2019s, unless the king should come again.\u2019<br>\u2018Unless the king should come again?\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Well,<br>my lord Steward, it is your task to keep some kingdom still<br>against that event, which few now look to see. In that task<br>you shall have all the aid that you are pleased to ask for. But<br>I will say this: the rule of no realm is mine, neither of Gondor<br>nor any other, great or small. But all worthy things that are<br>in peril as the world now stands, those are my care. And for<br>my part, I shall not wholly fail of my task, though Gondor<br>should perish, if anything passes through this night that can<br>still grow fair or bear fruit and flower again in days to come.<br>For I also am a steward. Did you not know?\u2019 And with that<br>he turned and strode from the hall with Pippin running at<br>his side.<br>Gandalf did not look at Pippin or speak a word to him as<br>they went. Their guide brought them from the doors of the<br>hall, and then led them across the Court of the Fountain into<br>a lane between tall buildings of stone. After several turns they<br>came to a house close to the wall of the citadel upon the north<br>side, not far from the shoulder that linked the hill with the<br>mountain. Within, upon the first floor above the street, up a<br>wide carven stair, he showed them to a fair room, light and<br>airy, with goodly hangings of dull gold sheen unfigured. It<br>was sparely furnished, having but a small table, two chairs<br>and a bench; but at either side there were curtained alcoves<br>and well-clad beds within with vessels and basins for washing.<br>There were three high narrow windows that looked northward over the great curve of Anduin, still shrouded in mists,<br>minas tirith 993<br>towards the Emyn Muil and Rauros far away. Pippin had to<br>climb on the bench to look out over the deep stone sill.<br>\u2018Are you angry with me, Gandalf ?\u2019 he said, as their guide<br>went out and closed the door. \u2018I did the best I could.\u2019<br>\u2018You did indeed!\u2019 said Gandalf, laughing suddenly; and he<br>came and stood beside Pippin, putting his arm about the<br>hobbit\u2019s shoulders, and gazing out of the window. Pippin<br>glanced in some wonder at the face now close beside his own,<br>for the sound of that laugh had been gay and merry. Yet in<br>the wizard\u2019s face he saw at first only lines of care and sorrow;<br>though as he looked more intently he perceived that under<br>all there was a great joy: a fountain of mirth enough to set a<br>kingdom laughing, were it to gush forth.<br>\u2018Indeed you did your best,\u2019 said the wizard; \u2018and I hope<br>that it may be long before you find yourself in such a tight<br>corner again between two such terrible old men. Still the<br>Lord of Gondor learned more from you than you may have<br>guessed, Pippin. You could not hide the fact that Boromir<br>did not lead the Company from Moria, and that there was<br>one among you of high honour who was coming to Minas<br>Tirith; and that he had a famous sword. Men think much<br>about the stories of old days in Gondor; and Denethor has<br>given long thought to the rhyme and to the words Isildur\u2019s<br>Bane, since Boromir went away.<br>\u2018He is not as other men of this time, Pippin, and whatever<br>be his descent from father to son, by some chance the blood<br>of Westernesse runs nearly true in him; as it does in his other<br>son, Faramir, and yet did not in Boromir whom he loved<br>best. He has long sight. He can perceive, if he bends his will<br>thither, much of what is passing in the minds of men, even<br>of those that dwell far off. It is difficult to deceive him, and<br>dangerous to try.<br>\u2018Remember that! For you are now sworn to his service. I<br>do not know what put it into your head, or your heart, to do<br>that. But it was well done. I did not hinder it, for generous<br>deed should not be checked by cold counsel. It touched his<br>heart, as well (may I say it) as pleasing his humour. And at<br>994 the return of the king<br>least you are free now to move about as you will in Minas<br>Tirith \u2013 when you are not on duty. For there is another side<br>to it. You are at his command; and he will not forget. Be<br>wary still!\u2019<br>He fell silent and sighed. \u2018Well, no need to brood on what<br>tomorrow may bring. For one thing, tomorrow will be certain<br>to bring worse than today, for many days to come. And there<br>is nothing more that I can do to help it. The board is set, and<br>the pieces are moving. One piece that I greatly desire to find<br>is Faramir, now the heir of Denethor. I do not think that he<br>is in the City; but I have had no time to gather news. I must<br>go, Pippin. I must go to this lords\u2019 council and learn what I<br>can. But the Enemy has the move, and he is about to open<br>his full game. And pawns are likely to see as much of it as<br>any, Peregrin son of Paladin, soldier of Gondor. Sharpen<br>your blade!\u2019<br>Gandalf went to the door, and there he turned. \u2018I am in<br>haste, Pippin,\u2019 he said. \u2018Do me a favour when you go out.<br>Even before you rest, if you are not too weary. Go and find<br>Shadowfax and see how he is housed. These people are kindly<br>to beasts, for they are a good and wise folk, but they have<br>less skill with horses than some.\u2019<br>With that Gandalf went out; and as he did so, there came<br>the note of a clear sweet bell ringing in a tower of the citadel.<br>Three strokes it rang, like silver in the air, and ceased: the<br>third hour from the rising of the sun.<br>After a minute Pippin went to the door and down the stair<br>and looked about the street. The sun was now shining warm<br>and bright, and the towers and tall houses cast long clear-cut<br>shadows westward. High in the blue air Mount Mindolluin<br>lifted its white helm and snowy cloak. Armed men went to<br>and fro in the ways of the City, as if going at the striking of<br>the hour to changes of post and duty.<br>\u2018Nine o\u2019clock we\u2019d call it in the Shire,\u2019 said Pippin aloud<br>to himself. \u2018Just the time for a nice breakfast by the open<br>window in spring sunshine. And how I should like breakfast!<br>minas tirith 995<br>Do these people ever have it, or is it over? And when do they<br>have dinner, and where?\u2019<br>Presently he noticed a man, clad in black and white,<br>coming along the narrow street from the centre of the citadel<br>towards him. Pippin felt lonely and made up his mind to<br>speak as the man passed; but he had no need. The man came<br>straight up to him.<br>\u2018You are Peregrin the Halfling?\u2019 he said. \u2018I am told that<br>you have been sworn to the service of the Lord and of the<br>City. Welcome!\u2019 He held out his hand and Pippin took it.<br>\u2018I am named Beregond son of Baranor. I have no duty<br>this morning, and I have been sent to you to teach you the<br>pass-words, and to tell you some of the many things that no<br>doubt you will wish to know. And for my part, I would learn<br>of you also. For never before have we seen a halfling in this<br>land and though we have heard rumour of them, little is said<br>of them in any tale that we know. Moreover you are a friend<br>of Mithrandir. Do you know him well?\u2019<br>\u2018Well,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018I have known of him all my short life,<br>as you might say; and lately I have travelled far with him. But<br>there is much to read in that book, and I cannot claim to<br>have seen more than a page or two. Yet perhaps I know him<br>as well as any but a few. Aragorn was the only one of our<br>Company, I think, who really knew him.\u2019<br>\u2018Aragorn?\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018Who is he?\u2019<br>\u2018Oh,\u2019 stammered Pippin, \u2018he was a man who went about<br>with us. I think he is in Rohan now.\u2019<br>\u2018You have been in Rohan, I hear. There is much that I<br>would ask you of that land also; for we put much of what<br>little hope we have in its people. But I am forgetting my<br>errand, which was first to answer what you would ask. What<br>would you know, Master Peregrin?\u2019<br>\u2018Er well,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018if I may venture to say so, rather a<br>burning question in my mind at present is, well, what about<br>breakfast and all that? I mean, what are the meal-times, if<br>you understand me, and where is the dining-room, if there is<br>one? And the inns? I looked, but never a one could I see as<br>996 the return of the king<br>we rode up, though I had been borne up by the hope of a<br>draught of ale as soon as we came to the homes of wise and<br>courtly men.\u2019<br>Beregond looked at him gravely. \u2018An old campaigner,<br>I see,\u2019 he said. \u2018They say that men who go warring afield<br>look ever to the next hope of food and of drink; though I am<br>not a travelled man myself. Then you have not yet eaten<br>today?\u2019<br>\u2018Well, yes, to speak in courtesy, yes,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018But no<br>more than a cup of wine and a white cake or two by the<br>kindness of your lord; but he racked me for it with an hour<br>of questions, and that is hungry work.\u2019<br>Beregond laughed. \u2018At the table small men may do the<br>greater deeds, we say. But you have broken your fast as well<br>as any man in the Citadel, and with greater honour. This is<br>a fortress and a tower of guard and is now in posture of war.<br>We rise ere the Sun, and take a morsel in the grey light, and<br>go to our duties at the opening hour. But do not despair!\u2019 He<br>laughed again, seeing the dismay in Pippin\u2019s face. \u2018Those<br>who have had heavy duty take somewhat to refresh their<br>strength in the mid-morning. Then there is the nuncheon, at<br>noon or after as duties allow; and men gather for the daymeal,<br>and such mirth as there still may be, about the hour of sunset.<br>\u2018Come! We will walk a little and then go find us some<br>refreshment, and eat and drink on the battlement, and survey<br>the fair morning.\u2019<br>\u2018One moment!\u2019 said Pippin blushing. \u2018Greed, or hunger<br>by your courtesy, put it out of my mind. But Gandalf,<br>Mithrandir as you call him, asked me to see to his horse \u2013<br>Shadowfax, a great steed of Rohan, and the apple of the<br>king\u2019s eye, I am told, though he has given him to Mithrandir<br>for his services. I think his new master loves the beast better<br>than he loves many men, and if his good will is of any value<br>to this city, you will treat Shadowfax with all honour: with<br>greater kindness than you have treated this hobbit, if it is<br>possible.\u2019<br>\u2018Hobbit?\u2019 said Beregond.<br>minas tirith 997<br>\u2018That is what we call ourselves,\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018I am glad to learn it,\u2019 said Beregond, \u2018for now I may say<br>that strange accents do not mar fair speech, and hobbits are<br>a fair-spoken folk. But come! You shall make me acquainted<br>with this good horse. I love beasts, and we see them seldom<br>in this stony city; for my people came from the mountainvales, and before that from Ithilien. But fear not! The visit<br>shall be short, a mere call of courtesy, and we will go thence<br>to the butteries.\u2019<br>Pippin found that Shadowfax had been well housed and<br>tended. For in the sixth circle, outside the walls of the citadel,<br>there were some fair stables where a few swift horses were<br>kept, hard by the lodgings of the errand-riders of the Lord:<br>messengers always ready to go at the urgent command of<br>Denethor or his chief captains. But now all the horses and<br>the riders were out and away.<br>Shadowfax whinnied as Pippin entered the stable and<br>turned his head. \u2018Good morning!\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Gandalf will<br>come as soon as he may. He is busy, but he sends greetings,<br>and I am to see that all is well with you; and you resting, I<br>hope, after your long labours.\u2019<br>Shadowfax tossed his head and stamped. But he allowed<br>Beregond to handle his head gently and stroke his great<br>flanks.<br>\u2018He looks as if he were spoiling for a race, and not newly<br>come from a great journey,\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018How strong and<br>proud he is! Where is his harness? It should be rich and fair.\u2019<br>\u2018None is rich and fair enough for him,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018He<br>will have none. If he will consent to bear you, bear you he<br>does; and if not, well, no bit, bridle, whip, or thong will tame<br>him. Farewell, Shadowfax! Have patience. Battle is coming.\u2019<br>Shadowfax lifted up his head and neighed, so that the<br>stable shook, and they covered their ears. Then they took<br>their leave, seeing that the manger was well filled.<br>\u2018And now for our manger,\u2019 said Beregond, and he led<br>Pippin back to the citadel, and so to a door in the north side<br>998 the return of the king<br>of the great tower. There they went down a long cool stair<br>into a wide alley lit with lamps. There were hatches in the<br>walls at the side, and one of these was open.<br>\u2018This is the storehouse and buttery of my company of<br>the Guard,\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018Greetings, Targon!\u2019 he called<br>through the hatch. \u2018It is early yet, but here is a newcomer<br>that the Lord has taken into his service. He has ridden long<br>and far with a tight belt, and has had sore labour this morning,<br>and he is hungry. Give us what you have!\u2019<br>They got there bread, and butter, and cheese and apples:<br>the last of the winter store, wrinkled but sound and sweet;<br>and a leather flagon of new-drawn ale, and wooden platters<br>and cups. They put all into a wicker basket and climbed back<br>into the sun; and Beregond brought Pippin to a place at the<br>east end of the great out-thrust battlement where there was<br>an embrasure in the walls with a stone seat beneath the sill.<br>From there they could look out on the morning over the<br>world.<br>They ate and drank; and they talked now of Gondor and<br>its ways and customs, now of the Shire and the strange countries that Pippin had seen. And ever as they talked Beregond<br>was more amazed, and looked with greater wonder at the<br>hobbit, swinging his short legs as he sat on the seat, or standing tiptoe upon it to peer over the sill at the lands below.<br>\u2018I will not hide from you, Master Peregrin,\u2019 said Beregond,<br>\u2018that to us you look almost as one of our children, a lad of<br>nine summers or so; and yet you have endured perils and<br>seen marvels that few of our greybeards could boast of. I<br>thought it was the whim of our Lord to take him a noble<br>page, after the manner of the kings of old, they say. But I see<br>that it is not so, and you must pardon my foolishness.\u2019<br>\u2018I do,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Though you are not far wrong. I am<br>still little more than a boy in the reckoning of my own people,<br>and it will be four years yet before I \u2018\u2018come of age\u2019\u2019, as we<br>say in the Shire. But do not bother about me. Come and look<br>and tell me what I can see.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">minas tirith 999<br>The sun was now climbing, and the mists in the vale below<br>had been drawn up. The last of them were floating away, just<br>overhead, as wisps of white cloud borne on the stiffening<br>breeze from the East, that was now flapping and tugging the<br>flags and white standards of the citadel. Away down in the<br>valley-bottom, five leagues or so as the eye leaps, the Great<br>River could now be seen grey and glittering, coming out of<br>the north-west, and bending in a mighty sweep south and<br>west again, till it was lost to view in a haze and shimmer, far<br>beyond which lay the Sea fifty leagues away.<br>Pippin could see all the Pelennor laid out before him, dotted into the distance with farmsteads and little walls, barns<br>and byres, but nowhere could he see any kine or other beasts.<br>Many roads and tracks crossed the green fields, and there<br>was much coming and going: wains moving in lines towards<br>the Great Gate, and others passing out. Now and again a<br>horseman would ride up, and leap from the saddle and hasten<br>into the City. But most of the traffic went out along the chief<br>highway, and that turned south, and then bending swifter<br>than the River skirted the hills and passed soon from sight.<br>It was wide and well-paved, and along its eastern edge ran a<br>broad green riding-track, and beyond that a wall. On the ride<br>horsemen galloped to and fro, but all the street seemed to<br>be choked with great covered wains going south. But soon<br>Pippin saw that all was in fact well-ordered: the wains were<br>moving in three lines, one swifter drawn by horses; another<br>slower, great waggons with fair housings of many colours,<br>drawn by oxen; and along the west rim of the road many<br>smaller carts hauled by trudging men.<br>\u2018That is the road to the vales of Tumladen and Lossarnach,<br>and the mountain-villages, and then on to Lebennin,\u2019 said<br>Beregond. \u2018There go the last of the wains that bear away to<br>refuge the aged, the children, and the women that must go<br>with them. They must all be gone from the Gate and the<br>road clear for a league before noon: that was the order. It is<br>a sad necessity.\u2019 He sighed. \u2018Few, maybe, of those now sundered will meet again. And there were always too few children<br>1000 the return of the king<br>in this city; but now there are none \u2013 save some young lads<br>that will not depart, and may find some task to do: my own<br>son is one of them.\u2019<br>They fell silent for a while. Pippin gazed anxiously eastward, as if at any moment he might see thousands of orcs<br>pouring over the fields. \u2018What can I see there?\u2019 he asked,<br>pointing down to the middle of the great curve of the Anduin.<br>\u2018Is that another city, or what is it?\u2019<br>\u2018It was a city,\u2019 said Beregond, \u2018the chief city of Gondor, of<br>which this was only a fortress. For that is the ruin of Osgiliath<br>on either side of Anduin, which our enemies took and burned<br>long ago. Yet we won it back in the days of the youth of<br>Denethor: not to dwell in, but to hold as an outpost, and to<br>rebuild the bridge for the passage of our arms. And then<br>came the Fell Riders out of Minas Morgul.\u2019<br>\u2018The Black Riders?\u2019 said Pippin, opening his eyes, and they<br>were wide and dark with an old fear re-awakened.<br>\u2018Yes, they were black,\u2019 said Beregond, \u2018and I see that you<br>know something of them, though you have not spoken of<br>them in any of your tales.\u2019<br>\u2018I know of them,\u2019 said Pippin softly, \u2018but I will not speak<br>of them now, so near, so near.\u2019 He broke off and lifted his<br>eyes above the River, and it seemed to him that all he could<br>see was a vast and threatening shadow. Perhaps it was mountains looming on the verge of sight, their jagged edges softened by wellnigh twenty leagues of misty air; perhaps it was<br>but a cloud-wall, and beyond that again a yet deeper gloom.<br>But even as he looked it seemed to his eyes that the gloom<br>was growing and gathering, very slowly, slowly rising to<br>smother the regions of the sun.<br>\u2018So near to Mordor?\u2019 said Beregond quietly. \u2018Yes, there it<br>lies. We seldom name it; but we have dwelt ever in sight of<br>that shadow: sometimes it seems fainter and more distant;<br>sometimes nearer and darker. It is growing and darkening<br>now; and therefore our fear and disquiet grow too. And the<br>Fell Riders, less than a year ago they won back the crossings,<br>and many of our best men were slain. Boromir it was that<br>minas tirith 1001<br>drove the enemy at last back from this western shore, and we<br>hold still the near half of Osgiliath. For a little while. But we<br>await now a new onslaught there. Maybe the chief onslaught<br>of the war that comes.\u2019<br>\u2018When?\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Have you a guess? For I saw the<br>beacons two nights ago and the errand-riders; and Gandalf<br>said that it was a sign that war had begun. He seemed in a<br>desperate hurry. But now everything seems to have slowed<br>up again.\u2019<br>\u2018Only because everything is now ready,\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018It<br>is but the deep breath before the plunge.\u2019<br>\u2018But why were the beacons lit two nights ago?\u2019<br>\u2018It is over-late to send for aid when you are already<br>besieged,\u2019 answered Beregond. \u2018But I do not know the counsel of the Lord and his captains. They have many ways of<br>gathering news. And the Lord Denethor is unlike other men:<br>he sees far. Some say that as he sits alone in his high chamber<br>in the Tower at night, and bends his thought this way and<br>that, he can read somewhat of the future; and that he will at<br>times search even the mind of the Enemy, wrestling with<br>him. And so it is that he is old, worn before his time. But<br>however that may be, my lord Faramir is abroad, beyond the<br>River on some perilous errand, and he may have sent tidings.<br>\u2018But if you would know what I think set the beacons ablaze,<br>it was the news that came that eve out of Lebennin. There is<br>a great fleet drawing near to the mouths of Anduin, manned<br>by the corsairs of Umbar in the South. They have long ceased<br>to fear the might of Gondor, and they have allied them with<br>the Enemy, and now make a heavy stroke in his cause. For<br>this attack will draw off much of the help that we looked to<br>have from Lebennin and Belfalas, where folk are hardy and<br>numerous. All the more do our thoughts go north to Rohan;<br>and the more glad are we for these tidings of victory that you<br>bring.<br>\u2018And yet\u2019 \u2013 he paused and stood up, and looked round,<br>north, east, and south \u2013 \u2018the doings at Isengard should warn<br>us that we are caught now in a great net and strategy. This<br>1002 the return of the king<br>is no longer a bickering at the fords, raiding from Ithilien and<br>from Ano\u00b4rien, ambushing and pillaging. This is a great war<br>long-planned, and we are but one piece in it, whatever pride<br>may say. Things move in the far East beyond the Inland Sea,<br>it is reported; and north in Mirkwood and beyond; and south<br>in Harad. And now all realms shall be put to the test, to stand,<br>or fall \u2013 under the Shadow.<br>\u2018Yet, Master Peregrin, we have this honour: ever we bear<br>the brunt of the chief hatred of the Dark Lord, for that hatred<br>comes down out of the depths of time and over the deeps of<br>the Sea. Here will the hammer-stroke fall hardest. And for<br>that reason Mithrandir came hither in such haste. For if we<br>fall, who shall stand? And, Master Peregrin, do you see any<br>hope that we shall stand?\u2019<br>Pippin did not answer. He looked at the great walls, and<br>the towers and brave banners, and the sun in the high sky,<br>and then at the gathering gloom in the East; and he thought<br>of the long fingers of that Shadow: of the orcs in the woods<br>and the mountains, the treason of Isengard, the birds of evil<br>eye, and the Black Riders even in the lanes of the Shire \u2013 and<br>of the winged terror, the Nazgu\u02c6l. He shuddered, and hope<br>seemed to wither. And even at that moment the sun for a<br>second faltered and was obscured, as though a dark wing<br>had passed across it. Almost beyond hearing he thought<br>he caught, high and far up in the heavens, a cry: faint, but<br>heart-quelling, cruel and cold. He blanched and cowered<br>against the wall.<br>\u2018What was that?\u2019 asked Beregond. \u2018You also felt something?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 muttered Pippin. \u2018It is the sign of our fall, and the<br>shadow of doom, a Fell Rider of the air.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, the shadow of doom,\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018I fear that<br>Minas Tirith shall fall. Night comes. The very warmth of my<br>blood seems stolen away.\u2019<br>For a time they sat together with bowed heads and did not<br>speak. Then suddenly Pippin looked up and saw that the sun<br>minas tirith 1003<br>was still shining and the banners still streaming in the breeze.<br>He shook himself. \u2018It is passed,\u2019 he said. \u2018No, my heart will<br>not yet despair. Gandalf fell and has returned and is with us.<br>We may stand, if only on one leg, or at least be left still upon<br>our knees.\u2019<br>\u2018Rightly said!\u2019 cried Beregond, rising and striding to and<br>fro. \u2018Nay, though all things must come utterly to an end in<br>time, Gondor shall not perish yet. Not though the walls be<br>taken by a reckless foe that will build a hill of carrion before<br>them. There are still other fastnesses, and secret ways of<br>escape into the mountains. Hope and memory shall live still<br>in some hidden valley where the grass is green.\u2019<br>\u2018All the same, I wish it was over for good or ill,\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018I am no warrior at all and dislike any thought of battle; but<br>waiting on the edge of one that I can\u2019t escape is worst of all.<br>What a long day it seems already! I should be happier, if we<br>were not obliged to stand and watch, making no move, striking nowhere first. No stroke would have been struck in<br>Rohan, I think, but for Gandalf.\u2019<br>\u2018Ah, there you lay your finger on the sore that many feel!\u2019<br>said Beregond. \u2018But things may change when Faramir returns. He is bold, more bold than many deem; for in these<br>days men are slow to believe that a captain can be wise and<br>learned in the scrolls of lore and song, as he is, and yet a man<br>of hardihood and swift judgement in the field. But such is<br>Faramir. Less reckless and eager than Boromir, but not less<br>resolute. Yet what indeed can he do? We cannot assault the<br>mountains of \u2013 of yonder realm. Our reach is shortened, and<br>we cannot strike till some foe comes within it. Then our hand<br>must be heavy!\u2019 He smote the hilt of his sword.<br>Pippin looked at him: tall and proud and noble, as all the<br>men that he had yet seen in that land; and with a glitter<br>in his eye as he thought of the battle. \u2018Alas! my own hand<br>feels as light as a feather,\u2019 he thought, but he said nothing.<br>\u2018A pawn did Gandalf say? Perhaps; but on the wrong<br>chessboard.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1004 the return of the king<br>So they talked until the sun reached its height, and suddenly the noon-bells were rung, and there was a stir in the<br>citadel; for all save the watchmen were going to their meal.<br>\u2018Will you come with me?\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018You may join<br>my mess for this day. I do not know to what company you<br>will be assigned; or the Lord may hold you at his own command. But you will be welcome. And it will be well to meet<br>as many men as you may, while there is yet time.\u2019<br>\u2018I shall be glad to come,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018I am lonely, to tell<br>you the truth. I left my best friend behind in Rohan, and I<br>have had no one to talk to or jest with. Perhaps I could really<br>join your company? Are you the captain? If so, you could<br>take me on, or speak for me?\u2019<br>\u2018Nay, nay,\u2019 Beregond laughed, \u2018I am no captain. Neither<br>office nor rank nor lordship have I, being but a plain man of<br>arms of the Third Company of the Citadel. Yet, Master<br>Peregrin, to be only a man of arms of the Guard of the Tower<br>of Gondor is held worthy in the City, and such men have<br>honour in the land.\u2019<br>\u2018Then it is far beyond me,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Take me back to<br>our room, and if Gandalf is not there, I will go where you<br>like \u2013 as your guest.\u2019<br>Gandalf was not in the lodging and had sent no message;<br>so Pippin went with Beregond and was made known to the<br>men of the Third Company. And it seemed that Beregond<br>got as much honour from it as his guest, for Pippin was very<br>welcome. There had already been much talk in the citadel<br>about Mithrandir\u2019s companion and his long closeting with<br>the Lord; and rumour declared that a Prince of the Halflings<br>had come out of the North to offer allegiance to Gondor and<br>five thousand swords. And some said that when the Riders<br>came from Rohan each would bring behind him a halfling<br>warrior, small maybe, but doughty.<br>Though Pippin had regretfully to destroy this hopeful tale,<br>he could not be rid of his new rank, only fitting, men thought,<br>to one befriended by Boromir and honoured by the Lord<br>minas tirith 1005<br>Denethor; and they thanked him for coming among them,<br>and hung on his words and stories of the outlands, and gave<br>him as much food and ale as he could wish. Indeed his only<br>trouble was to be \u2018wary\u2019 according to the counsel of Gandalf,<br>and not to let his tongue wag freely after the manner of a<br>hobbit among friends.<br>At length Beregond rose. \u2018Farewell for this time!\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018I have duty now till sundown, as have all the others here, I<br>think. But if you are lonely, as you say, maybe you would<br>like a merry guide about the City. My son would go with you<br>gladly. A good lad, I may say. If that pleases you, go down<br>to the lowest circle and ask for the Old Guesthouse in the<br>Rath Celerdain, the Lampwrights\u2019 Street. You will find him<br>there with other lads that are remaining in the City. There<br>may be things worth seeing down at the Great Gate ere the<br>closing.\u2019<br>He went out, and soon after all the others followed. The<br>day was still fine, though it was growing hazy, and it was hot<br>for March, even so far southwards. Pippin felt sleepy, but<br>the lodging seemed cheerless, and he decided to go down<br>and explore the City. He took a few morsels that he had saved<br>to Shadowfax, and they were graciously accepted, though the<br>horse seemed to have no lack. Then he walked on down<br>many winding ways.<br>People stared much as he passed. To his face men were<br>gravely courteous, saluting him after the manner of Gondor<br>with bowed head and hands upon the breast; but behind him<br>he heard many calls, as those out of doors cried to others<br>within to come and see the Prince of the Halflings, the companion of Mithrandir. Many used some other tongue than<br>the Common Speech, but it was not long before he learned<br>at least what was meant by Ernil i Pheriannath and knew that<br>his title had gone down before him into the City.<br>He came at last by arched streets and many fair alleys and<br>pavements to the lowest and widest circle, and there he was<br>directed to the Lampwrights\u2019 Street, a broad way running<br>1006 the return of the king<br>towards the Great Gate. In it he found the Old Guesthouse,<br>a large building of grey weathered stone with two wings running back from the street, and between them a narrow greensward, behind which was the many-windowed house, fronted<br>along its whole width by a pillared porch and a flight of steps<br>down on to the grass. Boys were playing among the pillars,<br>the only children that Pippin had seen in Minas Tirith, and<br>he stopped to look at them. Presently one of them caught<br>sight of him, and with a shout he sprang across the grass and<br>came into the street, followed by several others. There he<br>stood in front of Pippin, looking him up and down.<br>\u2018Greetings!\u2019 said the lad. \u2018Where do you come from? You<br>are a stranger in the City.\u2019<br>\u2018I was,\u2019 said Pippin; \u2018but they say I have become a man of<br>Gondor.\u2019<br>\u2018Oh come!\u2019 said the lad. \u2018Then we are all men here. But<br>how old are you, and what is your name? I am ten years<br>already, and shall soon be five feet. I am taller than you. But<br>then my father is a Guard, one of the tallest. What is your<br>father?\u2019<br>\u2018Which question shall I answer first?\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018My<br>father farms the lands round Whitwell near Tuckborough in<br>the Shire. I am nearly twenty-nine, so I pass you there; though<br>I am but four feet, and not likely to grow any more, save<br>sideways.\u2019<br>\u2018Twenty-nine!\u2019 said the lad and whistled. \u2018Why, you are<br>quite old! As old as my uncle Iorlas. Still,\u2019 he added hopefully,<br>\u2018I wager I could stand you on your head or lay you on your<br>back.\u2019<br>\u2018Maybe you could, if I let you,\u2019 said Pippin with a laugh.<br>\u2018And maybe I could do the same to you: we know some<br>wrestling tricks in my little country. Where, let me tell you, I<br>am considered uncommonly large and strong; and I have<br>never allowed anyone to stand me on my head. So if it came<br>to a trial and nothing else would serve, I might have to kill<br>you. For when you are older, you will learn that folk are not<br>always what they seem; and though you may have taken me<br>minas tirith 1007<br>for a soft stranger-lad and easy prey, let me warn you: I am<br>not, I am a halfling, hard, bold, and wicked!\u2019 Pippin pulled<br>such a grim face that the boy stepped back a pace, but at<br>once he returned with clenched fists and the light of battle in<br>his eye.<br>\u2018No!\u2019 Pippin laughed. \u2018Don\u2019t believe what strangers say of<br>themselves either! I am not a fighter. But it would be politer<br>in any case for the challenger to say who he is.\u2019<br>The boy drew himself up proudly. \u2018I am Bergil son of<br>Beregond of the Guards,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018So I thought,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018for you look like your father.<br>I know him and he sent me to find you.\u2019<br>\u2018Then why did you not say so at once?\u2019 said Bergil, and<br>suddenly a look of dismay came over his face. \u2018Do not tell<br>me that he has changed his mind, and will send me away<br>with the maidens! But no, the last wains have gone.\u2019<br>\u2018His message is less bad than that, if not good,\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018He says that if you would prefer it to standing me on my<br>head, you might show me round the City for a while and<br>cheer my loneliness. I can tell you some tales of far countries<br>in return.\u2019<br>Bergil clapped his hands, and laughed with relief. \u2018All is<br>well,\u2019 he cried. \u2018Come then! We were soon going to the Gate<br>to look on. We will go now.\u2019<br>\u2018What is happening there?\u2019<br>\u2018The Captains of the Outlands are expected up the South<br>Road ere sundown. Come with us and you will see.\u2019<br>Bergil proved a good comrade, the best company Pippin<br>had had since he parted from Merry, and soon they were<br>laughing and talking gaily as they went about the streets,<br>heedless of the many glances that men gave them. Before<br>long they found themselves in a throng going towards the<br>Great Gate. There Pippin went up much in the esteem of<br>Bergil, for when he spoke his name and the pass-word the<br>guard saluted him and let him pass through; and what was<br>more, he allowed him to take his companion with him.<br>1008 the return of the king<br>\u2018That is good!\u2019 said Bergil. \u2018We boys are no longer allowed<br>to pass the Gate without an elder. Now we shall see better.\u2019<br>Beyond the Gate there was a crowd of men along the verge<br>of the road and of the great paved space into which all the<br>ways to Minas Tirith ran. All eyes were turned southwards,<br>and soon a murmur rose: \u2018There is dust away there! They<br>are coming!\u2019<br>Pippin and Bergil edged their way forward to the front of<br>the crowd, and waited. Horns sounded at some distance, and<br>the noise of cheering rolled towards them like a gathering<br>wind. Then there was a loud trumpet-blast, and all about<br>them people were shouting.<br>\u2018Forlong! Forlong!\u2019 Pippin heard men calling. \u2018What do<br>they say?\u2019 he asked.<br>\u2018Forlong has come,\u2019 Bergil answered; \u2018old Forlong the Fat,<br>the Lord of Lossarnach. That is where my grandsire lives.<br>Hurrah! Here he is. Good old Forlong!\u2019<br>Leading the line there came walking a big thick-limbed<br>horse, and on it sat a man of wide shoulders and huge girth,<br>but old and grey-bearded, yet mail-clad and black-helmed<br>and bearing a long heavy spear. Behind him marched proudly<br>a dusty line of men, well-armed and bearing great battle-axes;<br>grim-faced they were, and shorter and somewhat swarthier<br>than any men that Pippin had yet seen in Gondor.<br>\u2018Forlong!\u2019 men shouted. \u2018True heart, true friend! Forlong!\u2019<br>But when the men of Lossarnach had passed they muttered:<br>\u2018So few! Two hundreds, what are they? We hoped for ten<br>times the number. That will be the new tidings of the black<br>fleet. They are sparing only a tithe of their strength. Still<br>every little is a gain.\u2019<br>And so the companies came and were hailed and cheered<br>and passed through the Gate, men of the Outlands marching to defend the City of Gondor in a dark hour; but always<br>too few, always less than hope looked for or need asked.<br>The men of Ringlo\u00b4 Vale behind the son of their lord,<br>Dervorin striding on foot: three hundreds. From the uplands<br>minas tirith 1009<br>of Morthond, the great Blackroot Vale, tall Duinhir with his<br>sons, Duilin and Derufin, and five hundred bowmen. From<br>the Anfalas, the Langstrand far away, a long line of men of<br>many sorts, hunters and herdsmen and men of little villages,<br>scantily equipped save for the household of Golasgil their<br>lord. From Lamedon, a few grim hillmen without a captain.<br>Fisher-folk of the Ethir, some hundred or more spared from<br>the ships. Hirluin the Fair of the Green Hills from Pinnath<br>Gelin with three hundreds of gallant green-clad men. And<br>last and proudest, Imrahil, Prince of Dol Amroth, kinsman<br>of the Lord, with gilded banners bearing his token of the Ship<br>and the Silver Swan, and a company of knights in full harness<br>riding grey horses; and behind them seven hundreds of men<br>at arms, tall as lords, grey-eyed, dark-haired, singing as they<br>came.<br>And that was all, less than three thousands full told. No<br>more would come. Their cries and the tramp of their feet<br>passed into the City and died away. The onlookers stood<br>silent for a while. Dust hung in the air, for the wind had died<br>and the evening was heavy. Already the closing hour was<br>drawing nigh, and the red sun had gone behind Mindolluin.<br>Shadow came down on the City.<br>Pippin looked up, and it seemed to him that the sky had<br>grown ashen-grey, as if a vast dust and smoke hung above<br>them, and light came dully through it. But in the West the<br>dying sun had set all the fume on fire, and now Mindolluin<br>stood black against a burning smoulder flecked with embers.<br>\u2018So ends a fair day in wrath!\u2019 he said, forgetful of the lad at<br>his side.<br>\u2018So it will, if I have not returned before the sundown-bells,\u2019<br>said Bergil. \u2018Come! There goes the trumpet for the closing<br>of the Gate.\u2019<br>Hand in hand they went back into the City, the last to<br>pass the Gate before it was shut; and as they reached the<br>Lampwrights\u2019 Street all the bells in the towers tolled solemnly.<br>Lights sprang in many windows, and from the houses and<br>1010 the return of the king<br>wards of the men at arms along the walls there came the<br>sound of song.<br>\u2018Farewell for this time,\u2019 said Bergil. \u2018Take my greetings to<br>my father, and thank him for the company that he sent. Come<br>again soon, I beg. Almost I wish now that there was no war,<br>for we might have had some merry times. We might have<br>journeyed to Lossarnach, to my grandsire\u2019s house; it is good<br>to be there in spring, the woods and fields are full of flowers.<br>But maybe we will go thither together yet. They will never<br>overcome our Lord, and my father is very valiant. Farewell<br>and return!\u2019<br>They parted and Pippin hurried back towards the citadel.<br>It seemed a long way, and he grew hot and very hungry; and<br>night closed down swift and dark. Not a star pricked the sky.<br>He was late for the daymeal in the mess, and Beregond<br>greeted him gladly, and sat him at his side to hear news of<br>his son. After the meal Pippin stayed a while, and then took<br>his leave, for a strange gloom was on him, and now he desired<br>very much to see Gandalf again.<br>\u2018Can you find your way?\u2019 said Beregond at the door of the<br>small hall, on the north side of the citadel, where they had<br>sat. \u2018It is a black night, and all the blacker since orders came<br>that lights are to be dimmed within the City, and none are to<br>shine out from the walls. And I can give you news of another<br>order: you will be summoned to the Lord Denethor early<br>tomorrow. I fear you will not be for the Third Company.<br>Still we may hope to meet again. Farewell and sleep in peace!\u2019<br>The lodging was dark, save for a little lantern set on the<br>table. Gandalf was not there. Gloom settled still more heavily<br>on Pippin. He climbed on the bench and tried to peer out of<br>a window, but it was like looking into a pool of ink. He got<br>down and closed the shutter and went to bed. For a while he<br>lay and listened for sounds of Gandalf\u2019s return, and then he<br>fell into an uneasy sleep.<br>In the night he was wakened by a light, and he saw that<br>Gandalf had come and was pacing to and fro in the room<br>beyond the curtain of the alcove. There were candles on the<br>minas tirith 1011<br>table and rolls of parchment. He heard the wizard sigh, and<br>mutter: \u2018When will Faramir return?\u2019<br>\u2018Hullo!\u2019 said Pippin, poking his head round the curtain. \u2018I<br>thought you had forgotten all about me. I am glad to see you<br>back. It has been a long day.\u2019<br>\u2018But the night will be too short,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018I have come<br>back here, for I must have a little peace, alone. You should<br>sleep, in a bed while you still may. At the sunrise I shall take<br>you to the Lord Denethor again. No, when the summons<br>comes, not at sunrise. The Darkness has begun. There will<br>be no dawn.\u2019<br>Chapter 2<br>THE PASSING OF THE GREY COMPANY<br>Gandalf was gone, and the thudding hoofs of Shadowfax<br>were lost in the night, when Merry came back to Aragorn.<br>He had only a light bundle, for he had lost his pack at Parth<br>Galen, and all he had was a few useful things he had picked<br>up among the wreckage of Isengard. Hasufel was already<br>saddled. Legolas and Gimli with their horse stood close by.<br>\u2018So four of the Company still remain,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018We<br>will ride on together. But we shall not go alone, as I thought.<br>The king is now determined to set out at once. Since the<br>coming of the winged shadow, he desires to return to the hills<br>under cover of night.\u2019<br>\u2018And then whither?\u2019 said Legolas.<br>\u2018I cannot say yet,\u2019 Aragorn answered. \u2018As for the king, he<br>will go to the muster that he commanded at Edoras, four<br>nights from now. And there, I think, he will hear tidings of<br>war, and the Riders of Rohan will go down to Minas Tirith.<br>But for myself, and any that will go with me . . .\u2019<br>\u2018I for one!\u2019 cried Legolas. \u2018And Gimli with him!\u2019 said the<br>Dwarf.<br>\u2018Well, for myself,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018it is dark before me. I<br>must go down also to Minas Tirith, but I do not yet see the<br>road. An hour long prepared approaches.\u2019<br>\u2018Don\u2019t leave me behind!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018I have not been of<br>much use yet; but I don\u2019t want to be laid aside, like baggage<br>to be called for when all is over. I don\u2019t think the Riders will<br>want to be bothered with me now. Though, of course, the<br>king did say that I was to sit by him when he came to his<br>house and tell him all about the Shire.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018and your road lies with him, I think,<br>Merry. But do not look for mirth at the ending. It will be<br>the passing of the grey company 1013<br>long, I fear, ere The\u00b4oden sits at ease again in Meduseld.<br>Many hopes will wither in this bitter Spring.\u2019<br>Soon all were ready to depart: twenty-four horses, with<br>Gimli behind Legolas, and Merry in front of Aragorn. Presently they were riding swiftly through the night. They had<br>not long passed the mounds at the Fords of Isen, when a<br>Rider galloped up from the rear of their line.<br>\u2018My lord,\u2019 he said to the king, \u2018there are horsemen behind<br>us. As we crossed the fords I thought that I heard them. Now<br>we are sure. They are overtaking us, riding hard.\u2019<br>The\u00b4oden at once called a halt. The Riders turned about<br>and seized their spears. Aragorn dismounted and set Merry<br>on the ground, and drawing his sword he stood by the king\u2019s<br>stirrup. E\u00b4 omer and his esquire rode back to the rear. Merry<br>felt more like unneeded baggage than ever, and he wondered,<br>if there was a fight, what he should do. Supposing the king\u2019s<br>small escort was trapped and overcome, but he escaped into<br>the darkness \u2013 alone in the wild fields of Rohan with no idea<br>of where he was in all the endless miles? \u2018No good!\u2019 he<br>thought. He drew his sword and tightened his belt.<br>The sinking moon was obscured by a great sailing cloud,<br>but suddenly it rode out clear again. Then they all heard the<br>sound of hoofs, and at the same moment they saw dark<br>shapes coming swiftly on the path from the fords. The moonlight glinted here and there on the points of spears. The<br>number of the pursuers could not be told, but they seemed<br>no fewer than the king\u2019s escort, at the least.<br>When they were some fifty paces off, E\u00b4 omer cried in a<br>loud voice: \u2018Halt! Halt! Who rides in Rohan?\u2019<br>The pursuers brought their steeds to a sudden stand. A<br>silence followed; and then in the moonlight, a horseman could<br>be seen dismounting and walking slowly forward. His hand<br>showed white as he held it up, palm outward, in token of<br>peace; but the king\u2019s men gripped their weapons. At ten<br>paces the man stopped. He was tall, a dark standing shadow.<br>Then his clear voice rang out.<br>1014 the return of the king<br>\u2018Rohan? Rohan did you say? That is a glad word. We seek<br>that land in haste from long afar.\u2019<br>\u2018You have found it,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018When you crossed the<br>fords yonder you entered it. But it is the realm of The\u00b4oden<br>the King. None ride here save by his leave. Who are you?<br>And what is your haste?\u2019<br>\u2018Halbarad Du\u00b4nadan, Ranger of the North I am,\u2019 cried the<br>man. \u2018We seek one Aragorn son of Arathorn, and we heard<br>that he was in Rohan.\u2019<br>\u2018And you have found him also!\u2019 cried Aragorn. Giving his<br>reins to Merry, he ran forward and embraced the newcomer.<br>\u2018Halbarad!\u2019 he said. \u2018Of all joys this is the least expected!\u2019<br>Merry breathed a sigh of relief. He had thought that this<br>was some last trick of Saruman\u2019s, to waylay the king while he<br>had only a few men about him; but it seemed that there would<br>be no need to die in The\u00b4oden\u2019s defence, not yet at any rate.<br>He sheathed his sword.<br>\u2018All is well,\u2019 said Aragorn, turning back. \u2018Here are some of<br>my own kin from the far land where I dwelt. But why they<br>come, and how many they be, Halbarad shall tell us.\u2019<br>\u2018I have thirty withme,\u2019 said Halbarad. \u2018That is all of our kindred that could be gathered in haste; but the brethren Elladan<br>and Elrohir have ridden with us, desiring to go to the war.<br>We rode as swiftly as we might when your summons came.\u2019<br>\u2018But I did not summon you,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018save only in<br>wish. My thoughts have often turned to you, and seldom<br>more than tonight; yet I have sent no word. But come! All<br>such matters must wait. You find us riding in haste and<br>danger. Ride with us now, if the king will give his leave.\u2019<br>The\u00b4oden was indeed glad of the news. \u2018It is well!\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018If these kinsmen be in any way like to yourself, my lord<br>Aragorn, thirty such knights will be a strength that cannot be<br>counted by heads.\u2019<br>Then the Riders set out again, and Aragorn for a while<br>rode with the Du\u00b4nedain; and when they had spoken of tidings<br>in the North and in the South, Elrohir said to him:<br>the passing of the grey company 1015<br>\u2018I bring word to you from my father: The days are short. If<br>thou art in haste, remember the Paths of the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018Always my days have seemed to me too short to achieve<br>my desire,\u2019 answered Aragorn. \u2018But great indeed will be my<br>haste ere I take that road.\u2019<br>\u2018That will soon be seen,\u2019 said Elrohir. \u2018But let us speak no<br>more of these things upon the open road!\u2019<br>And Aragorn said to Halbarad: \u2018What is that that you bear,<br>kinsman?\u2019 For he saw that instead of a spear he bore a tall<br>staff, as it were a standard, but it was close-furled in a black<br>cloth bound about with many thongs.<br>\u2018It is a gift that I bring you from the Lady of Rivendell,\u2019<br>answered Halbarad. \u2018She wrought it in secret, and long was<br>the making. But she also sends word to you: The days now<br>are short. Either our hope cometh, or all hope\u2019s end. Therefore I<br>send thee what I have made for thee. Fare well, Elfstone!\u2019<br>And Aragorn said: \u2018Now I know what you bear. Bear it<br>still for me a while!\u2019 And he turned and looked away to the<br>North under the great stars, and then he fell silent and spoke<br>no more while the night\u2019s journey lasted.<br>The night was old and the East grey when they rode up at<br>last from Deeping-coomb and came back to the Hornburg.<br>There they were to lie and rest for a brief while and take<br>counsel.<br>Merry slept until he was roused by Legolas and Gimli.<br>\u2018The Sun is high,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018All others are up and doing.<br>Come, Master Sluggard, and look at this place while you<br>may!\u2019<br>\u2018There was a battle here three nights ago,\u2019 said Gimli,<br>\u2018and here Legolas and I played a game that I won only by a<br>single orc. Come and see how it was! And there are caves,<br>Merry, caves of wonder! Shall we visit them, Legolas, do you<br>think?\u2019<br>\u2018Nay! There is no time,\u2019 said the Elf. \u2018Do not spoil the<br>wonder with haste! I have given you my word to return hither<br>with you, if a day of peace and freedom comes again. But it<br>1016 the return of the king<br>is now near to noon, and at that hour we eat, and then set<br>out again, I hear.\u2019<br>Merry got up and yawned. His few hours\u2019 sleep had not<br>been nearly enough; he was tired and rather dismal. He<br>missed Pippin, and felt that he was only a burden, while<br>everybody was making plans for speed in a business that he<br>did not fully understand. \u2018Where is Aragorn?\u2019 he asked.<br>\u2018In a high chamber of the Burg,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018He has<br>neither rested nor slept, I think. He went thither some hours<br>ago, saying that he must take thought, and only his kinsman,<br>Halbarad, went with him; but some dark doubt or care sits<br>on him.\u2019<br>\u2018They are a strange company, these newcomers,\u2019 said<br>Gimli. \u2018Stout men and lordly they are, and the Riders of<br>Rohan look almost as boys beside them; for they are grim<br>men of face, worn like weathered rocks for the most part,<br>even as Aragorn himself; and they are silent.\u2019<br>\u2018But even as Aragorn they are courteous, if they break their<br>silence,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018And have you marked the brethren<br>Elladan and Elrohir? Less sombre is their gear than the<br>others\u2019, and they are fair and gallant as Elven-lords; and that<br>is not to be wondered at in the sons of Elrond of Rivendell.\u2019<br>\u2018Why have they come? Have you heard?\u2019 asked Merry.<br>He had now dressed, and he flung his grey cloak about his<br>shoulders; and the three passed out together towards the<br>ruined gate of the Burg.<br>\u2018They answered a summons, as you heard,\u2019 said Gimli.<br>\u2018Word came to Rivendell, they say: Aragorn has need of his<br>kindred. Let the Du\u00b4nedain ride to him in Rohan! But whence<br>this message came they are now in doubt. Gandalf sent it, I<br>would guess.\u2019<br>\u2018Nay, Galadriel,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018Did she not speak through<br>Gandalf of the ride of the Grey Company from the North?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, you have it,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018The Lady of the Wood! She<br>read many hearts and desires. Now why did not we wish for<br>some of our own kinsfolk, Legolas?\u2019<br>Legolas stood before the gate and turned his bright eyes<br>the passing of the grey company 1017<br>away north and east, and his fair face was troubled. \u2018I do not<br>think that any would come,\u2019 he answered. \u2018They have no<br>need to ride to war; war already marches on their own lands.\u2019<br>For a while the three companions walked together, speaking of this and that turn of the battle, and they went down<br>from the broken gate, and passed the mounds of the fallen<br>on the greensward beside the road, until they stood on Helm\u2019s<br>Dike and looked into the Coomb. The Death Down already<br>stood there, black and tall and stony, and the great trampling<br>and scoring of the grass by the Huorns could be plainly seen.<br>The Dunlendings and many men of the garrison of the Burg<br>were at work on the Dike or in the fields and about the<br>battered walls behind; yet all seemed strangely quiet: a weary<br>valley resting after a great storm. Soon they turned back and<br>went to the midday meal in the hall of the Burg.<br>The king was already there, and as soon as they entered<br>he called for Merry and had a seat set for him at his side. \u2018It<br>is not as I would have it,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden; \u2018for this is little like<br>my fair house in Edoras. And your friend is gone, who should<br>also be here. But it may be long ere we sit, you and I, at the<br>high table in Meduseld; there will be no time for feasting<br>when I return thither. But come now! Eat and drink, and<br>let us speak together while we may. And then you shall ride<br>with me.\u2019<br>\u2018May I?\u2019 said Merry, surprised and delighted. \u2018That would<br>be splendid!\u2019 He had never felt more grateful for any kindness<br>in words. \u2018I am afraid I am only in everybody\u2019s way,\u2019 he<br>stammered; \u2018but I should like to do anything I could, you<br>know.\u2019<br>\u2018I doubt it not,\u2019 said the king. \u2018I have had a good hill-pony<br>made ready for you. He will bear you as swift as any horse<br>by the roads that we shall take. For I will ride from the Burg<br>by mountain paths, not by the plain, and so come to Edoras<br>by way of Dunharrow where the Lady E\u00b4 owyn awaits me.<br>You shall be my esquire, if you will. Is there gear of war in<br>this place, E\u00b4 omer, that my sword-thain could use?\u2019<br>1018 the return of the king<br>\u2018There are no great weapon-hoards here, lord,\u2019 answered<br>E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Maybe a light helm might be found to fit him; but<br>we have no mail or sword for one of his stature.\u2019<br>\u2018I have a sword,\u2019 said Merry, climbing from his seat, and<br>drawing from its black sheath his small bright blade. Filled<br>suddenly with love for this old man, he knelt on one knee,<br>and took his hand and kissed it. \u2018May I lay the sword of<br>Meriadoc of the Shire on your lap, The\u00b4oden King?\u2019 he cried.<br>\u2018Receive my service, if you will!\u2019<br>\u2018Gladly will I take it,\u2019 said the king; and laying his long old<br>hands upon the brown hair of the hobbit, he blessed him.<br>\u2018Rise now, Meriadoc, esquire of Rohan of the household of<br>Meduseld!\u2019 he said. \u2018Take your sword and bear it unto good<br>fortune!\u2019<br>\u2018As a father you shall be to me,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018For a little while,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden.<br>They talked then together as they ate, until presently<br>E\u00b4 omer spoke. \u2018It is near the hour that we set for our going,<br>lord,\u2019 he said. \u2018Shall I bid men sound the horns? But where<br>is Aragorn? His place is empty and he has not eaten.\u2019<br>\u2018We will make ready to ride,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden; \u2018but let word<br>be sent to the Lord Aragorn that the hour is nigh.\u2019<br>The king with his guard and Merry at his side passed<br>down from the gate of the Burg to where the Riders were<br>assembling on the green. Many were already mounted. It<br>would be a great company; for the king was leaving only a<br>small garrison in the Burg, and all who could be spared were<br>riding to the weapontake at Edoras. A thousand spears had<br>indeed already ridden away at night; but still there would be<br>some five hundred more to go with the king, for the most<br>part men from the fields and dales of Westfold.<br>A little apart the Rangers sat, silent, in an ordered company, armed with spear and bow and sword. They were clad<br>in cloaks of dark grey, and their hoods were cast now over<br>helm and head. Their horses were strong and of proud bearing, but rough-haired; and one stood there without a rider,<br>the passing of the grey company 1019<br>Aragorn\u2019s own horse that they had brought from the North;<br>Roheryn was his name. There was no gleam of stone or gold,<br>nor any fair thing in all their gear and harness; nor did their<br>riders bear any badge or token, save only that each cloak was<br>pinned upon the left shoulder by a brooch of silver shaped<br>like a rayed star.<br>The king mounted his horse, Snowmane, and Merry sat<br>beside him on his pony: Stybba was his name. Presently<br>E\u00b4 omer came out from the gate, and with him was Aragorn,<br>and Halbarad bearing the great staff close-furled in black,<br>and two tall men, neither young nor old. So much alike were<br>they, the sons of Elrond, that few could tell them apart:<br>dark-haired, grey-eyed, and their faces elven-fair, clad alike<br>in bright mail beneath cloaks of silver-grey. Behind them<br>walked Legolas and Gimli. But Merry had eyes only for<br>Aragorn, so startling was the change that he saw in him, as<br>if in one night many years had fallen on his head. Grim was<br>his face, grey-hued and weary.<br>\u2018I am troubled in mind, lord,\u2019 he said, standing by the<br>king\u2019s horse. \u2018I have heard strange words, and I see new<br>perils far off. I have laboured long in thought, and now I<br>fear that I must change my purpose. Tell me, The\u00b4oden, you<br>ride now to Dunharrow, how long will it be ere you come<br>there?\u2019<br>\u2018It is now a full hour past noon,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Before the<br>night of the third day from now we should come to the Hold.<br>The Moon will then be two nights past his full, and the<br>muster that the king commanded will be held the day after.<br>More speed we cannot make, if the strength of Rohan is to<br>be gathered.\u2019<br>Aragorn was silent for a moment. \u2018Three days,\u2019 he murmured, \u2018and the muster of Rohan will only be begun. But I<br>see that it cannot now be hastened.\u2019 He looked up, and it<br>seemed that he had made some decision; his face was less<br>troubled. \u2018Then, by your leave, lord, I must take new counsel<br>for myself and my kindred. We must ride our own road, and<br>no longer in secret. For me the time of stealth has passed. I<br>1020 the return of the king<br>will ride east by the swiftest way, and I will take the Paths of<br>the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018The Paths of the Dead!\u2019 said The\u00b4oden, and trembled.<br>\u2018Why do you speak of them?\u2019 E\u00b4 omer turned and gazed<br>at Aragorn, and it seemed to Merry that the faces of the<br>Riders that sat within hearing turned pale at the words. \u2018If<br>there be in truth such paths,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden, \u2018their gate is in<br>Dunharrow; but no living man may pass it.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas! Aragorn my friend!\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018I had hoped that<br>we should ride to war together; but if you seek the Paths of<br>the Dead, then our parting is come, and it is little likely that<br>we shall ever meet again under the Sun.\u2019<br>\u2018That road I will take, nonetheless,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018But I<br>say to you, E\u00b4 omer, that in battle we may yet meet again,<br>though all the hosts of Mordor should stand between.\u2019<br>\u2018You will do as you will, my lord Aragorn,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden.<br>\u2018It is your doom, maybe, to tread strange paths that others<br>dare not. This parting grieves me, and my strength is lessened<br>by it; but now I must take the mountain-roads and delay no<br>longer. Farewell!\u2019<br>\u2018Farewell, lord!\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018Ride unto great renown!<br>Farewell, Merry! I leave you in good hands, better than we<br>hoped when we hunted the orcs to Fangorn. Legolas and<br>Gimli will still hunt with me, I hope; but we shall not forget<br>you.\u2019<br>\u2018Good-bye!\u2019 said Merry. He could find no more to say. He<br>felt very small, and he was puzzled and depressed by all these<br>gloomy words. More than ever he missed the unquenchable<br>cheerfulness of Pippin. The Riders were ready, and their<br>horses were fidgeting; he wished they would start and get it<br>over.<br>Now The\u00b4oden spoke to E\u00b4 omer, and he lifted up his hand<br>and cried aloud, and with that word the Riders set forth.<br>They rode over the Dike and down the Coomb, and then,<br>turning swiftly eastwards, they took a path that skirted the<br>foothills for a mile or so, until bending south it passed back<br>among the hills and disappeared from view. Aragorn rode to<br>the passing of the grey company 1021<br>the Dike and watched till the king\u2019s men were far down the<br>Coomb. Then he turned to Halbarad.<br>\u2018There go three that I love, and the smallest not the least,\u2019<br>he said. \u2018He knows not to what end he rides; yet if he knew,<br>he still would go on.\u2019<br>\u2018A little people, but of great worth are the Shire-folk,\u2019 said<br>Halbarad. \u2018Little do they know of our long labour for the<br>safekeeping of their borders, and yet I grudge it not.\u2019<br>\u2018And now our fates are woven together,\u2019 said Aragorn.<br>\u2018And yet, alas! here we must part. Well, I must eat a little,<br>and then we also must hasten away. Come, Legolas and<br>Gimli! I must speak with you as I eat.\u2019<br>Together they went back into the Burg; yet for some time<br>Aragorn sat silent at the table in the hall, and the others<br>waited for him to speak. \u2018Come!\u2019 said Legolas at last. \u2018Speak<br>and be comforted, and shake off the shadow! What has happened since we came back to this grim place in the grey<br>morning?\u2019<br>\u2018A struggle somewhat grimmer for my part than the battle<br>of the Hornburg,\u2019 answered Aragorn. \u2018I have looked in the<br>Stone of Orthanc, my friends.\u2019<br>\u2018You have looked in that accursed stone of wizardry!\u2019<br>exclaimed Gimli with fear and astonishment in his face. \u2018Did<br>you say aught to \u2013 him? Even Gandalf feared that encounter.\u2019<br>\u2018You forget to whom you speak,\u2019 said Aragorn sternly, and<br>his eyes glinted. \u2018What do you fear that I should say to him?<br>Did I not openly proclaim my title before the doors of<br>Edoras? Nay, Gimli,\u2019 he said in a softer voice, and the grimness left his face, and he looked like one who has laboured in<br>sleepless pain for many nights. \u2018Nay, my friends, I am the<br>lawful master of the Stone, and I had both the right and the<br>strength to use it, or so I judged. The right cannot be doubted.<br>The strength was enough \u2013 barely.\u2019<br>He drew a deep breath. \u2018It was a bitter struggle, and the<br>weariness is slow to pass. I spoke no word to him, and in the<br>end I wrenched the Stone to my own will. That alone he will<br>find hard to endure. And he beheld me. Yes, Master Gimli,<br>1022 the return of the king<br>he saw me, but in other guise than you see me here. If that<br>will aid him, then I have done ill. But I do not think so. To<br>know that I lived and walked the earth was a blow to his<br>heart, I deem; for he knew it not till now. The eyes in Orthanc<br>did not see through the armour of The\u00b4oden; but Sauron has<br>not forgotten Isildur and the sword of Elendil. Now in the<br>very hour of his great designs the heir of Isildur and the<br>Sword are revealed; for I showed the blade re-forged to him.<br>He is not so mighty yet that he is above fear; nay, doubt ever<br>gnaws him.\u2019<br>\u2018But he wields great dominion, nonetheless,\u2019 said Gimli;<br>\u2018and now he will strike more swiftly.\u2019<br>\u2018The hasty stroke goes oft astray,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018We must<br>press our Enemy, and no longer wait upon him for the move.<br>See my friends, when I had mastered the Stone, I learned<br>many things. A grave peril I saw coming unlooked-for upon<br>Gondor from the South that will draw off great strength from<br>the defence of Minas Tirith. If it is not countered swiftly, I<br>deem that the City will be lost ere ten days be gone.\u2019<br>\u2018Then lost it must be,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018For what help is there<br>to send thither, and how could it come there in time?\u2019<br>\u2018I have no help to send, therefore I must go myself,\u2019 said<br>Aragorn. \u2018But there is only one way through the mountains<br>that will bring me to the coastlands before all is lost. That is<br>the Paths of the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018The Paths of the Dead!\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018It is a fell name; and<br>little to the liking to the Men of Rohan, as I saw. Can the<br>living use such a road and not perish? And even if you pass<br>that way, what will so few avail to counter the strokes of<br>Mordor?\u2019<br>\u2018The living have never used that road since the coming of<br>the Rohirrim,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018for it is closed to them. But in<br>this dark hour the heir of Isildur may use it, if he dare. Listen!<br>This is the word that the sons of Elrond bring to me from<br>their father in Rivendell, wisest in lore: Bid Aragorn remember<br>the words of the seer, and the Paths of the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018And what may be the words of the seer?\u2019 said Legolas.<br>the passing of the grey company 1023<br>\u2018Thus spoke Malbeth the Seer, in the days of Arvedui, last<br>king at Fornost,\u2019 said Aragorn:<br>Over the land there lies a long shadow,<br>westward reaching wings of darkness.<br>The Tower trembles; to the tombs of kings<br>doom approaches. The Dead awaken;<br>for the hour is come for the oathbreakers:<br>at the Stone of Erech they shall stand again<br>and hear there a horn in the hills ringing.<br>Whose shall the horn be? Who shall call them<br>from the grey twilight, the forgotten people?<br>The heir of him to whom the oath they swore.<br>From the North shall he come, need shall drive him:<br>he shall pass the Door to the Paths of the Dead.<br>\u2018Dark ways, doubtless,\u2019 said Gimli, \u2018but no darker than<br>these staves are to me.\u2019<br>\u2018If you would understand them better, then I bid you come<br>with me,\u2019 said Aragorn; \u2018for that way I now shall take. But I<br>do not go gladly; only need drives me. Therefore, only of<br>your free will would I have you come, for you will find both<br>toil and great fear, and maybe worse.\u2019<br>\u2018I will go with you even on the Paths of the Dead, and to<br>whatever end they may lead,\u2019 said Gimli.<br>\u2018I also will come,\u2019 said Legolas, \u2018for I do not fear the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018I hope that the forgotten people will not have forgotten<br>how to fight,\u2019 said Gimli; \u2018for otherwise I see not why we<br>should trouble them.\u2019<br>\u2018That we shall know if ever we come to Erech,\u2019 said<br>Aragorn. \u2018But the oath that they broke was to fight against<br>Sauron, and they must fight therefore, if they are to fulfil it.<br>For at Erech there stands yet a black stone that was brought,<br>it was said, from Nu\u00b4menor by Isildur; and it was set upon a<br>hill, and upon it the King of the Mountains swore allegiance<br>to him in the beginning of the realm of Gondor. But when<br>Sauron returned and grew in might again, Isildur summoned<br>1024 the return of the king<br>the Men of the Mountains to fulfil their oath, and they would<br>not: for they had worshipped Sauron in the Dark Years.<br>\u2018Then Isildur said to their king: \u2018\u2018Thou shalt be the last<br>king. And if the West prove mightier than thy Black Master,<br>this curse I lay upon thee and thy folk: to rest never until<br>your oath is fulfilled. For this war will last through years<br>uncounted, and you shall be summoned once again ere the<br>end.\u2019\u2019 And they fled before the wrath of Isildur, and did<br>not dare to go forth to war on Sauron\u2019s part; and they hid<br>themselves in secret places in the mountains and had no<br>dealings with other men, but slowly dwindled in the barren<br>hills. And the terror of the Sleepless Dead lies about the Hill<br>of Erech and all places where that people lingered. But that<br>way I must go, since there are none living to help me.\u2019<br>He stood up. \u2018Come!\u2019 he cried, and drew his sword, and it<br>flashed in the twilit hall of the Burg. \u2018To the Stone of Erech!<br>I seek the Paths of the Dead. Come with me who will!\u2019<br>Legolas and Gimli made no answer, but they rose and<br>followed Aragorn from the hall. On the green there waited,<br>still and silent, the hooded Rangers. Legolas and Gimli<br>mounted. Aragorn sprang upon Roheryn. Then Halbarad<br>lifted a great horn, and the blast of it echoed in Helm\u2019s Deep:<br>and with that they leapt away, riding down the Coomb like<br>thunder, while all the men that were left on Dike or Burg<br>stared in amaze.<br>And while The\u00b4oden went by slow paths in the hills, the<br>Grey Company passed swiftly over the plain, and on the next<br>day in the afternoon they came to Edoras; and there they<br>halted only briefly, ere they passed up the valley, and so came<br>to Dunharrow as darkness fell.<br>The Lady E\u00b4 owyn greeted them and was glad of their<br>coming; for no mightier men had she seen than the Du\u00b4nedain<br>and the fair sons of Elrond; but on Aragorn most of all her<br>eyes rested. And when they sat at supper with her, they talked<br>together, and she heard of all that had passed since The\u00b4oden<br>rode away, concerning which only hasty tidings had yet<br>the passing of the grey company 1025<br>reached her; and when she heard of the battle in Helm\u2019s Deep<br>and the great slaughter of their foes, and of the charge of<br>The\u00b4oden and his knights, then her eyes shone.<br>But at last she said: \u2018Lords, you are weary and shall now<br>go to your beds with such ease as can be contrived in haste.<br>But tomorrow fairer housing shall be found for you.\u2019<br>But Aragorn said: \u2018Nay, lady, be not troubled for us! If we<br>may lie here tonight and break our fast tomorrow, it will be<br>enough. For I ride on an errand most urgent, and with the<br>first light of morning we must go.\u2019<br>She smiled on him and said: \u2018Then it was kindly done,<br>lord, to ride so many miles out of your way to bring tidings<br>to E\u00b4 owyn, and to speak with her in her exile.\u2019<br>\u2018Indeed no man would count such a journey wasted,\u2019 said<br>Aragorn; \u2018and yet, lady, I could not have come hither, if<br>it were not that the road which I must take leads me to<br>Dunharrow.\u2019<br>And she answered as one that likes not what is said: \u2018Then,<br>lord, you are astray; for out of Harrowdale no road runs east<br>or south; and you had best return as you came.\u2019<br>\u2018Nay, lady,\u2019 said he, \u2018I am not astray; for I walked in this<br>land ere you were born to grace it. There is a road out of this<br>valley, and that road I shall take. Tomorrow I shall ride by<br>the Paths of the Dead.\u2019<br>Then she stared at him as one that is stricken, and her face<br>blanched, and for long she spoke no more, while all sat silent.<br>\u2018But, Aragorn,\u2019 she said at last, \u2018is it then your errand to seek<br>death? For that is all that you will find on that road. They do<br>not suffer the living to pass.\u2019<br>\u2018They may suffer me to pass,\u2019 said Aragorn; \u2018but at the<br>least I will adventure it. No other road will serve.\u2019<br>\u2018But this is madness,\u2019 she said. \u2018For here are men of renown<br>and prowess, whom you should not take into the shadows,<br>but should lead to war, where men are needed. I beg you to<br>remain and ride with my brother; for then all our hearts will<br>be gladdened, and our hope be the brighter.\u2019<br>\u2018It is not madness, lady,\u2019 he answered; \u2018for I go on a path<br>1026 the return of the king<br>appointed. But those who follow me do so of their free will;<br>and if they wish now to remain and ride with the Rohirrim,<br>they may do so. But I shall take the Paths of the Dead, alone,<br>if needs be.\u2019<br>Then they said no more, and they ate in silence; but her<br>eyes were ever upon Aragorn, and the others saw that she<br>was in great torment of mind. At length they arose, and took<br>their leave of the Lady, and thanked her for her care, and<br>went to their rest.<br>But as Aragorn came to the booth where he was to lodge<br>with Legolas and Gimli, and his companions had gone in,<br>there came the Lady E\u00b4 owyn after him and called to him. He<br>turned and saw her as a glimmer in the night, for she was<br>clad in white; but her eyes were on fire.<br>\u2018Aragorn,\u2019 she said, \u2018why will you go on this deadly road?\u2019<br>\u2018Because I must,\u2019 he said. \u2018Only so can I see any hope of<br>doing my part in the war against Sauron. I do not choose<br>paths of peril, E\u00b4 owyn. Were I to go where my heart dwells,<br>far in the North I would now be wandering in the fair valley<br>of Rivendell.\u2019<br>For a while she was silent, as if pondering what this might<br>mean. Then suddenly she laid her hand on his arm. \u2018You are<br>a stern lord and resolute,\u2019 she said; \u2018and thus do men win<br>renown.\u2019 She paused. \u2018Lord,\u2019 she said, \u2018if you must go, then<br>let me ride in your following. For I am weary of skulking in<br>the hills, and wish to face peril and battle.\u2019<br>\u2018Your duty is with your people,\u2019 he answered.<br>\u2018Too often have I heard of duty,\u2019 she cried. \u2018But am I not<br>of the House of Eorl, a shieldmaiden and not a dry-nurse? I<br>have waited on faltering feet long enough. Since they falter<br>no longer, it seems, may I not now spend my life as I will?\u2019<br>\u2018Few may do that with honour,\u2019 he answered. \u2018But as for<br>you, lady: did you not accept the charge to govern the people<br>until their lord\u2019s return? If you had not been chosen, then<br>some marshal or captain would have been set in the same<br>place, and he could not ride away from his charge, were he<br>weary of it or no.\u2019<br>the passing of the grey company 1027<br>\u2018Shall I always be chosen?\u2019 she said bitterly. \u2018Shall I always<br>be left behind when the Riders depart, to mind the house<br>while they win renown, and find food and beds when they<br>return?\u2019<br>\u2018A time may come soon,\u2019 said he, \u2018when none will return.<br>Then there will be need of valour without renown, for none<br>shall remember the deeds that are done in the last defence of<br>your homes. Yet the deeds will not be less valiant because<br>they are unpraised.\u2019<br>And she answered: \u2018All your words are but to say: you are<br>a woman, and your part is in the house. But when the men<br>have died in battle and honour, you have leave to be burned<br>in the house, for the men will need it no more. But I am of<br>the House of Eorl and not a serving-woman. I can ride and<br>wield blade, and I do not fear either pain or death.\u2019<br>\u2018What do you fear, lady?\u2019 he asked.<br>\u2018A cage,\u2019 she said. \u2018To stay behind bars, until use and old<br>age accept them, and all chance of doing great deeds is gone<br>beyond recall or desire.\u2019<br>\u2018And yet you counselled me not to adventure on the road<br>that I had chosen, because it is perilous?\u2019<br>\u2018So may one counsel another,\u2019 she said. \u2018Yet I do not bid<br>you flee from peril, but to ride to battle where your sword<br>may win renown and victory. I would not see a thing that is<br>high and excellent cast away needlessly.\u2019<br>\u2018Nor would I,\u2019 he said. \u2018Therefore I say to you, lady: Stay!<br>For you have no errand to the South.\u2019<br>\u2018Neither have those others who go with thee. They go only<br>because they would not be parted from thee \u2013 because they<br>love thee.\u2019 Then she turned and vanished into the night.<br>When the light of day was come into the sky but the sun<br>was not yet risen above the high ridges in the East, Aragorn<br>made ready to depart. His company was all mounted, and he<br>was about to leap into the saddle, when the Lady E\u00b4 owyn<br>came to bid them farewell. She was clad as a Rider and girt<br>with a sword. In her hand she bore a cup, and she set it to<br>1028 the return of the king<br>her lips and drank a little, wishing them good speed; and then<br>she gave the cup to Aragorn, and he drank, and he said:<br>\u2018Farewell, Lady of Rohan! I drink to the fortunes of your<br>House, and of you, and of all your people. Say to your<br>brother: beyond the shadows we may meet again!\u2019<br>Then it seemed to Gimli and Legolas who were nearby<br>that she wept, and in one so stern and proud that seemed the<br>more grievous. But she said: \u2018Aragorn, wilt thou go?\u2019<br>\u2018I will,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018Then wilt thou not let me ride with this company, as I<br>have asked?\u2019<br>\u2018I will not, lady,\u2019 he said. \u2018For that I could not grant without<br>leave of the king and of your brother; and they will not return<br>until tomorrow. But I count now every hour, indeed every<br>minute. Farewell!\u2019<br>Then she fell on her knees, saying: \u2018I beg thee!\u2019<br>\u2018Nay, lady,\u2019 he said, and taking her by the hand he raised<br>her. Then he kissed her hand, and sprang into the saddle,<br>and rode away, and did not look back; and only those who<br>knew him well and were near to him saw the pain that he<br>bore.<br>But E\u00b4 owyn stood still as a figure carven in stone, her hands<br>clenched at her sides, and she watched them until they passed<br>into the shadows under the black Dwimorberg, the Haunted<br>Mountain, in which was the Door of the Dead. When they<br>were lost to view, she turned, stumbling as one that is blind,<br>and went back to her lodging. But none of her folk saw this<br>parting, for they hid themselves in fear and would not come<br>forth until the day was up, and the reckless strangers were<br>gone.<br>And some said: \u2018They are Elvish wights. Let them go where<br>they belong, into the dark places, and never return. The times<br>are evil enough.\u2019<br>The light was still grey as they rode, for the sun had not<br>yet climbed over the black ridges of the Haunted Mountain<br>before them. A dread fell on them, even as they passed<br>the passing of the grey company 1029<br>between the lines of ancient stones and so came to the<br>Dimholt. There under the gloom of black trees that not even<br>Legolas could long endure they found a hollow place opening<br>at the mountain\u2019s root, and right in their path stood a single<br>mighty stone like a finger of doom.<br>\u2018My blood runs chill,\u2019 said Gimli, but the others were silent,<br>and his voice fell dead on the dank fir-needles at his feet. The<br>horses would not pass the threatening stone, until the riders<br>dismounted and led them about. And so they came at last<br>deep into the glen; and there stood a sheer wall of rock, and<br>in the wall the Dark Door gaped before them like the mouth<br>of night. Signs and figures were carved above its wide arch<br>too dim to read, and fear flowed from it like a grey vapour.<br>The Company halted, and there was not a heart among<br>them that did not quail, unless it were the heart of Legolas<br>of the Elves, for whom the ghosts of Men have no terror.<br>\u2018This is an evil door,\u2019 said Halbarad, \u2018and my death lies<br>beyond it. I will dare to pass it nonetheless; but no horse will<br>enter.\u2019<br>\u2018But we must go in, and therefore the horses must go too,\u2019<br>said Aragorn. \u2018For if ever we come through this darkness,<br>many leagues lie beyond, and every hour that is lost there<br>will bring the triumph of Sauron nearer. Follow me!\u2019<br>Then Aragorn led the way, and such was the strength of<br>his will in that hour that all the Du\u00b4nedain and their horses<br>followed him. And indeed the love that the horses of the<br>Rangers bore for their riders was so great that they were<br>willing to face even the terror of the Door, if their masters\u2019<br>hearts were steady as they walked beside them. But Arod, the<br>horse of Rohan, refused the way, and he stood sweating and<br>trembling in a fear that was grievous to see. Then Legolas<br>laid his hands on his eyes and sang some words that went<br>soft in the gloom, until he suffered himself to be led, and<br>Legolas passed in. And there stood Gimli the Dwarf left all<br>alone.<br>His knees shook, and he was wroth with himself. \u2018Here is<br>a thing unheard of!\u2019 he said. \u2018An Elf will go underground<br>1030 the return of the king<br>and a Dwarf dare not!\u2019 With that he plunged in. But it seemed<br>to him that he dragged his feet like lead over the threshold;<br>and at once a blindness came upon him, even upon Gimli<br>Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son who had walked unafraid in many deep places of<br>the world.<br>Aragorn had brought torches from Dunharrow, and now<br>he went ahead bearing one aloft; and Elladan with another<br>went at the rear, and Gimli, stumbling behind, strove to<br>overtake him. He could see nothing but the dim flame of the<br>torches; but if the Company halted, there seemed an endless<br>whisper of voices all about him, a murmur of words in no<br>tongue that he had ever heard before.<br>Nothing assailed the Company nor withstood their passage, and yet steadily fear grew on the Dwarf as he went on:<br>most of all because he knew now that there could be no<br>turning back; all the paths behind were thronged by an<br>unseen host that followed in the dark.<br>So time unreckoned passed, until Gimli saw a sight that he<br>was ever afterwards loth to recall. The road was wide, as far<br>as he could judge, but now the Company came suddenly into<br>a great empty space, and there were no longer any walls upon<br>either side. The dread was so heavy on him that he could<br>hardly walk. Away to the left something glittered in the gloom<br>as Aragorn\u2019s torch drew near. Then Aragorn halted and went<br>to look what it might be.<br>\u2018Does he feel no fear?\u2019 muttered the Dwarf. \u2018In any other<br>cave Gimli Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son would have been the first to run to<br>the gleam of gold. But not here! Let it lie!\u2019<br>Nonetheless he drew near, and saw Aragorn kneeling,<br>while Elladan held aloft both torches. Before him were the<br>bones of a mighty man. He had been clad in mail, and still<br>his harness lay there whole; for the cavern\u2019s air was as dry as<br>dust, and his hauberk was gilded. His belt was of gold and<br>garnets, and rich with gold was the helm upon his bony head<br>face downward on the floor. He had fallen near the far wall<br>of the cave, as now could be seen, and before him stood a<br>the passing of the grey company 1031<br>stony door closed fast: his finger-bones were still clawing at<br>the cracks. A notched and broken sword lay by him, as if he<br>had hewn at the rock in his last despair.<br>Aragorn did not touch him, but after gazing silently for a<br>while he rose and sighed. \u2018Hither shall the flowers of simbelmyne\u00a8 come never unto world\u2019s end,\u2019 he murmured. \u2018Nine<br>mounds and seven there are now green with grass, and<br>through all the long years he has lain at the door that he could<br>not unlock. Whither does it lead? Why would he pass? None<br>shall ever know!<br>\u2018For that is not my errand!\u2019 he cried, turning back and<br>speaking to the whispering darkness behind. \u2018Keep your<br>hoards and your secrets hidden in the Accursed Years! Speed<br>only we ask. Let us pass, and then come! I summon you to<br>the Stone of Erech!\u2019<br>There was no answer, unless it were an utter silence more<br>dreadful than the whispers before; and then a chill blast<br>came in which the torches flickered and went out, and could<br>not be rekindled. Of the time that followed, one hour or<br>many, Gimli remembered little. The others pressed on, but<br>he was ever hindmost, pursued by a groping horror that<br>seemed always just about to seize him; and a rumour came<br>after him like the shadow-sound of many feet. He stumbled<br>on until he was crawling like a beast on the ground and felt<br>that he could endure no more: he must either find an ending<br>and escape or run back in madness to meet the following<br>fear.<br>Suddenly he heard the tinkle of water, a sound hard and<br>clear as a stone falling into a dream of dark shadow. Light<br>grew, and lo! the Company passed through another gateway,<br>high-arched and broad, and a rill ran out beside them; and<br>beyond, going steeply down, was a road between sheer cliffs,<br>knife-edged against the sky far above. So deep and narrow<br>was that chasm that the sky was dark, and in it small stars<br>glinted. Yet as Gimli after learned it was still two hours ere<br>sunset of the day on which they had set out from Dunharrow;<br>1032 the return of the king<br>though for all that he could then tell it might have been<br>twilight in some later year, or in some other world.<br>The Company now mounted again, and Gimli returned to<br>Legolas. They rode in file, and evening came on and a deep<br>blue dusk; and still fear pursued them. Legolas turning to<br>speak to Gimli looked back and the Dwarf saw before his<br>face the glitter in the Elf\u2019s bright eyes. Behind them rode<br>Elladan, last of the Company, but not the last of those that<br>took the downward road.<br>\u2018The Dead are following,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018I see shapes of<br>Men and of horses, and pale banners like shreds of cloud,<br>and spears like winter-thickets on a misty night. The Dead<br>are following.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, the Dead ride behind. They have been summoned,\u2019<br>said Elladan.<br>The Company came at last out of the ravine, as suddenly<br>as if they had issued from a crack in a wall; and there lay the<br>uplands of a great vale before them, and the stream beside<br>them went down with a cold voice over many falls.<br>\u2018Where in Middle-earth are we?\u2019 said Gimli; and Elladan<br>answered: \u2018We have descended from the uprising of the<br>Morthond, the long chill river that flows at last to the sea that<br>washes the walls of Dol Amroth. You will not need to ask<br>hereafter how comes its name: Blackroot men call it.\u2019<br>The Morthond Vale made a great bay that beat up against<br>the sheer southern faces of the mountains. Its steep slopes<br>were grass-grown; but all was grey in that hour, for the sun<br>had gone, and far below lights twinkled in the homes of Men.<br>The vale was rich and many folk dwelt there.<br>Then without turning Aragorn cried aloud so that all could<br>hear: \u2018Friends, forget your weariness! Ride now, ride! We<br>must come to the Stone of Erech ere this day passes, and<br>long still is the way.\u2019 So without looking back they rode the<br>mountain-fields, until they came to a bridge over the growing<br>torrent and found a road that went down into the land.<br>the passing of the grey company 1033<br>Lights went out in house and hamlet as they came, and<br>doors were shut, and folk that were afield cried in terror and<br>ran wild like hunted deer. Ever there rose the same cry in<br>the gathering night: \u2018The King of the Dead! The King of the<br>Dead is come upon us!\u2019<br>Bells were ringing far below, and all men fled before the<br>face of Aragorn; but the Grey Company in their haste rode<br>like hunters, until their horses were stumbling with weariness.<br>And thus, just ere midnight, and in a darkness as black as the<br>caverns in the mountains, they came at last to the Hill of<br>Erech.<br>Long had the terror of the Dead lain upon that hill and<br>upon the empty fields about it. For upon the top stood a<br>black stone, round as a great globe, the height of a man,<br>though its half was buried in the ground. Unearthly it looked,<br>as though it had fallen from the sky, as some believed; but<br>those who remembered still the lore of Westernesse told that<br>it had been brought out of the ruin of Nu\u00b4menor and there<br>set by Isildur at his landing. None of the people of the valley<br>dared to approach it, nor would they dwell near; for they said<br>that it was a trysting-place of the Shadow-men and there they<br>would gather in times of fear, thronging round the Stone and<br>whispering.<br>To that Stone the Company came and halted in the dead<br>of night. Then Elrohir gave to Aragorn a silver horn, and he<br>blew upon it; and it seemed to those that stood near that they<br>heard a sound of answering horns, as if it was an echo in<br>deep caves far away. No other sound they heard, and yet<br>they were aware of a great host gathered all about the hill on<br>which they stood; and a chill wind like the breath of ghosts<br>came down from the mountains. But Aragorn dismounted,<br>and standing by the Stone he cried in a great voice:<br>\u2018Oathbreakers, why have ye come?\u2019<br>And a voice was heard out of the night that answered him,<br>as if from far away:<br>\u2018To fulfil our oath and have peace.\u2019<br>1034 the return of the king<br>Then Aragorn said: \u2018The hour is come at last. Now I go<br>to Pelargir upon Anduin, and ye shall come after me. And<br>when all this land is clean of the servants of Sauron, I will<br>hold the oath fulfilled, and ye shall have peace and depart for<br>ever. For I am Elessar, Isildur\u2019s heir of Gondor.\u2019<br>And with that he bade Halbarad unfurl the great standard<br>which he had brought; and behold! it was black, and if there<br>was any device upon it, it was hidden in the darkness. Then<br>there was silence, and not a whisper nor a sigh was heard<br>again all the long night. The Company camped beside the<br>Stone, but they slept little, because of the dread of the<br>Shadows that hedged them round.<br>But when the dawn came, cold and pale, Aragorn rose at<br>once, and he led the Company forth upon the journey of<br>greatest haste and weariness that any among them had<br>known, save he alone, and only his will held them to go on.<br>No other mortal Men could have endured it, none but the<br>Du\u00b4nedain of the North, and with them Gimli the Dwarf and<br>Legolas of the Elves.<br>They passed Tarlang\u2019s Neck and came into Lamedon; and<br>the Shadow Host pressed behind and fear went on before<br>them, until they came to Calembel upon Ciril, and the sun<br>went down like blood behind Pinnath Gelin away in the West<br>behind them. The township and the fords of Ciril they found<br>deserted, for many men had gone away to war, and all that<br>were left fled to the hills at the rumour of the coming of the<br>King of the Dead. But the next day there came no dawn, and<br>the Grey Company passed on into the darkness of the Storm<br>of Mordor and were lost to mortal sight; but the Dead<br>followed them.<br>Chapter 3<br>THE MUSTER OF ROHAN<br>Now all roads were running together to the East to meet the<br>coming of war and the onset of the Shadow. And even as<br>Pippin stood at the Great Gate of the City and saw the Prince<br>of Dol Amroth ride in with his banners, the King of Rohan<br>came down out of the hills.<br>Day was waning. In the last rays of the sun the Riders cast<br>long pointed shadows that went on before them. Darkness<br>had already crept beneath the murmuring fir-woods that<br>clothed the steep mountain-sides. The king rode now slowly<br>at the end of the day. Presently the path turned round a<br>huge bare shoulder of rock and plunged into the gloom of<br>soft-sighing trees. Down, down they went in a long winding<br>file. When at last they came to the bottom of the gorge they<br>found that evening had fallen in the deep places. The sun<br>was gone. Twilight lay upon the waterfalls.<br>All day far below them a leaping stream had run down<br>from the high pass behind, cleaving its narrow way between<br>pine-clad walls; and now through a stony gate it flowed out<br>and passed into a wider vale. The Riders followed it, and<br>suddenly Harrowdale lay before them, loud with the noise of<br>waters in the evening. There the white Snowbourn, joined<br>by the lesser stream, went rushing, fuming on the stones,<br>down to Edoras and the green hills and the plains. Away to<br>the right at the head of the great dale the mighty Starkhorn<br>loomed up above its vast buttresses swathed in cloud; but its<br>jagged peak, clothed in everlasting snow, gleamed far above<br>the world, blue-shadowed upon the East, red-stained by the<br>sunset in the West.<br>Merry looked out in wonder upon this strange country, of<br>which he had heard many tales upon their long road. It was<br>1036 the return of the king<br>a skyless world, in which his eye, through dim gulfs of shadowy air, saw only ever-mounting slopes, great walls of stone<br>behind great walls, and frowning precipices wreathed with<br>mist. He sat for a moment half dreaming, listening to the<br>noise of water, the whisper of dark trees, the crack of stone,<br>and the vast waiting silence that brooded behind all sound.<br>He loved mountains, or he had loved the thought of them<br>marching on the edge of stories brought from far away; but<br>now he was borne down by the insupportable weight of<br>Middle-earth. He longed to shut out the immensity in a quiet<br>room by a fire.<br>He was very tired, for though they had ridden slowly, they<br>had ridden with very little rest. Hour after hour for nearly<br>three weary days he had jogged up and down, over passes,<br>and through long dales, and across many streams. Sometimes<br>where the way was broader he had ridden at the king\u2019s side,<br>not noticing that many of the Riders smiled to see the two<br>together: the hobbit on his little shaggy grey pony, and the<br>Lord of Rohan on his great white horse. Then he had talked<br>to The\u00b4oden, telling him about his home and the doings of<br>the Shire-folk, or listening in turn to tales of the Mark and<br>its mighty men of old. But most of the time, especially on<br>this last day, Merry had ridden by himself just behind the<br>king, saying nothing, and trying to understand the slow sonorous speech of Rohan that he heard the men behind him<br>using. It was a language in which there seemed to be many<br>words that he knew, though spoken more richly and strongly<br>than in the Shire, yet he could not piece the words together.<br>At times some Rider would lift up his clear voice in stirring<br>song, and Merry felt his heart leap, though he did not know<br>what it was about.<br>All the same he had been lonely, and never more so than<br>now at the day\u2019s end. He wondered where in all this strange<br>world Pippin had got to; and what would become of Aragorn<br>and Legolas and Gimli. Then suddenly like a cold touch on<br>his heart he thought of Frodo and Sam. \u2018I am forgetting<br>them!\u2019 he said to himself reproachfully. \u2018And yet they are<br>the muster of rohan 1037<br>more important than all the rest of us. And I came to help<br>them; but now they must be hundreds of miles away, if they<br>are still alive.\u2019 He shivered.<br>\u2018Harrowdale at last!\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Our journey is almost at<br>an end.\u2019 They halted. The paths out of the narrow gorge fell<br>steeply. Only a glimpse, as through a tall window, could be<br>seen of the great valley in the gloaming below. A single small<br>light could be seen twinkling by the river.<br>\u2018This journey is over, maybe,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden, \u2018but I have<br>far yet to go. Two nights ago the moon was full, and in the<br>morning I shall ride to Edoras to the gathering of the Mark.\u2019<br>\u2018But if you would take my counsel,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer in a low<br>voice, \u2018you would then return hither, until the war is over,<br>lost or won.\u2019<br>The\u00b4oden smiled. \u2018Nay, my son, for so I will call you, speak<br>not the soft words of Wormtongue in my old ears!\u2019 He drew<br>himself up and looked back at the long line of his men fading<br>into the dusk behind. \u2018Long years in the space of days it<br>seems since I rode west; but never will I lean on a staff again.<br>If the war is lost, what good will be my hiding in the hills?<br>And if it is won, what grief will it be, even if I fall, spending<br>my last strength? But we will leave this now. Tonight I will<br>lie in the Hold of Dunharrow. One evening of peace at least<br>is left us. Let us ride on!\u2019<br>In the deepening dusk they came down into the valley.<br>Here the Snowbourn flowed near to the western walls of<br>the dale, and soon the path led them to a ford where the<br>shallow waters murmured loudly on the stones. The ford was<br>guarded. As the king approached many men sprang up out<br>of the shadow of the rocks; and when they saw the king they<br>cried with glad voices: \u2018The\u00b4oden King! The\u00b4oden King! The<br>King of the Mark returns!\u2019<br>Then one blew a long call on a horn. It echoed in the<br>valley. Other horns answered it, and lights shone out across<br>the river.<br>1038 the return of the king<br>And suddenly there rose a great chorus of trumpets from<br>high above, sounding from some hollow place, as it seemed,<br>that gathered their notes into one voice and sent it rolling and<br>beating on the walls of stone.<br>So the King of the Mark came back victorious out of the<br>West to Dunharrow beneath the feet of the White Mountains.<br>There he found the remaining strength of his people already<br>assembled; for as soon as his coming was known captains<br>rode to meet him at the ford, bearing messages from Gandalf.<br>Du\u00b4nhere, chieftain of the folk of Harrowdale, was at their<br>head.<br>\u2018At dawn three days ago, lord,\u2019 he said, \u2018Shadowfax came<br>like a wind out of the West to Edoras, and Gandalf brought<br>tidings of your victory to gladden our hearts. But he brought<br>also word from you to hasten the gathering of the Riders.<br>And then came the winged Shadow.\u2019<br>\u2018The winged Shadow?\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018We saw it also, but<br>that was in the dead of night before Gandalf left us.\u2019<br>\u2018Maybe, lord,\u2019 said Du\u00b4nhere. \u2018Yet the same, or another like<br>to it, a flying darkness in the shape of a monstrous bird,<br>passed over Edoras that morning, and all men were shaken<br>with fear. For it stooped upon Meduseld, and as it came low,<br>almost to the gable, there came a cry that stopped our hearts.<br>Then it was that Gandalf counselled us not to assemble in<br>the fields, but to meet you here in the valley under the mountains. And he bade us to kindle no more lights or fires than<br>barest need asked. So it has been done. Gandalf spoke with<br>great authority. We trust that it is as you would wish. Naught<br>has been seen in Harrowdale of these evil things.\u2019<br>\u2018It is well,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018I will ride now to the Hold, and<br>there before I go to rest I will meet the marshals and captains.<br>Let them come to me as soon as may be!\u2019<br>The road now led eastward straight across the valley, which<br>was at that point little more than half a mile in width. Flats<br>and meads of rough grass, grey now in the falling night, lay<br>all about, but in front on the far side of the dale Merry saw a<br>the muster of rohan 1039<br>frowning wall, a last outlier of the great roots of the Starkhorn,<br>cloven by the river in ages past.<br>On all the level spaces there was great concourse of men.<br>Some thronged to the roadside, hailing the king and the riders<br>from the West with glad cries; but stretching away into the<br>distance behind there were ordered rows of tents and booths,<br>and lines of picketed horses, and great store of arms, and<br>piled spears bristling like thickets of new-planted trees. Now<br>all the great assembly was falling into shadow, and yet, though<br>the night-chill blew cold from the heights, no lanterns glowed,<br>no fires were lit. Watchmen heavily cloaked paced to and fro.<br>Merry wondered how many Riders there were. He could<br>not guess their number in the gathering gloom, but it looked<br>to him like a great army, many thousands strong. While he<br>was peering from side to side the king\u2019s party came up under<br>the looming cliff on the eastern side of the valley; and there<br>suddenly the path began to climb, and Merry looked up in<br>amazement. He was on a road the like of which he had never<br>seen before, a great work of men\u2019s hands in years beyond the<br>reach of song. Upwards it wound, coiling like a snake, boring<br>its way across the sheer slope of rock. Steep as a stair, it<br>looped backwards and forwards as it climbed. Up it horses<br>could walk, and wains could be slowly hauled; but no enemy<br>could come that way, except out of the air, if it was defended<br>from above. At each turn of the road there were great standing stones that had been carved in the likeness of men, huge<br>and clumsy-limbed, squatting cross-legged with their stumpy<br>arms folded on fat bellies. Some in the wearing of the years<br>had lost all features save the dark holes of their eyes that still<br>stared sadly at the passers-by. The Riders hardly glanced at<br>them. The Pu\u00b4kel-men they called them, and heeded them<br>little: no power or terror was left in them; but Merry gazed<br>at them with wonder and a feeling almost of pity, as they<br>loomed up mournfully in the dusk.<br>After a while he looked back and found that he had already<br>climbed some hundreds of feet above the valley, but still far<br>below he could dimly see a winding line of Riders crossing<br>1040 the return of the king<br>the ford and filing along the road towards the camp prepared<br>for them. Only the king and his guard were going up into the<br>Hold.<br>At last the king\u2019s company came to a sharp brink, and the<br>climbing road passed into a cutting between walls of rock,<br>and so went up a short slope and out on to a wide upland.<br>The Firienfeld men called it, a green mountain-field of grass<br>and heath, high above the deep-delved courses of the Snowbourn, laid upon the lap of the great mountains behind: the<br>Starkhorn southwards, and northwards the saw-toothed mass<br>of I\u00b4rensaga, between which there faced the riders, the grim<br>black wall of the Dwimorberg, the Haunted Mountain rising<br>out of steep slopes of sombre pines. Dividing the upland into<br>two there marched a double line of unshaped standing stones<br>that dwindled into the dusk and vanished in the trees. Those<br>who dared to follow that road came soon to the black Dimholt<br>under Dwimorberg, and the menace of the pillar of stone,<br>and the yawning shadow of the forbidden door.<br>Such was the dark Dunharrow, the work of long-forgotten<br>men. Their name was lost and no song or legend remembered<br>it. For what purpose they had made this place, as a town or<br>secret temple or a tomb of kings, none in Rohan could say.<br>Here they laboured in the Dark Years, before ever a ship<br>came to the western shores, or Gondor of the Du\u00b4nedain was<br>built; and now they had vanished, and only the old Pu\u00b4kel-men<br>were left, still sitting at the turnings of the road.<br>Merry stared at the lines of marching stones: they were<br>worn and black; some were leaning, some were fallen, some<br>cracked or broken; they looked like rows of old and hungry<br>teeth. He wondered what they could be, and he hoped that<br>the king was not going to follow them into the darkness<br>beyond. Then he saw that there were clusters of tents and<br>booths on either side of the stony way; but these were not set<br>near the trees, and seemed rather to huddle away from them<br>towards the brink of the cliff. The greater number were on<br>the right, where the Firienfeld was wider; and on the left there<br>was a smaller camp, in the midst of which stood a tall pavilion.<br>the muster of rohan 1041<br>From this side a rider now came out to meet them, and they<br>turned from the road.<br>As they drew near Merry saw that the rider was a woman<br>with long braided hair gleaming in the twilight, yet she wore<br>a helm and was clad to the waist like a warrior and girded<br>with a sword.<br>\u2018Hail, Lord of the Mark!\u2019 she cried. \u2018My heart is glad at<br>your returning.\u2019<br>\u2018And you, E\u00b4 owyn,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden, \u2018is all well with you?\u2019<br>\u2018All is well,\u2019 she answered; yet it seemed to Merry that her<br>voice belied her, and he would have thought that she had<br>been weeping, if that could be believed of one so stern of<br>face. \u2018All is well. It was a weary road for the people to take,<br>torn suddenly from their homes. There were hard words, for<br>it is long since war has driven us from the green fields; but<br>there have been no evil deeds. All is now ordered, as you see.<br>And your lodging is prepared for you; for I have had full<br>tidings of you and knew the hour of your coming.\u2019<br>\u2018So Aragorn has come then,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Is he still here?\u2019<br>\u2018No, he is gone,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn turning away and looking at<br>the mountains dark against the East and South.<br>\u2018Whither did he go?\u2019 asked E\u00b4 omer.<br>\u2018I do not know,\u2019 she answered. \u2018He came at night, and<br>rode away yestermorn, ere the Sun had climbed over the<br>mountain-tops. He is gone.\u2019<br>\u2018You are grieved, daughter,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018What has happened? Tell me, did he speak of that road?\u2019 He pointed away<br>along the darkening lines of stones towards the Dwimorberg.<br>\u2018Of the Paths of the Dead?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, lord,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn. \u2018And he has passed into the<br>shadow from which none have returned. I could not dissuade<br>him. He is gone.\u2019<br>\u2018Then our paths are sundered,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018He is lost. We<br>must ride without him, and our hope dwindles.\u2019<br>Slowly they passed through the short heath and upland<br>grass, speaking no more, until they came to the king\u2019s<br>1042 the return of the king<br>pavilion. There Merry found that everything was made ready,<br>and that he himself was not forgotten. A little tent had been<br>pitched for him beside the king\u2019s lodging; and there he<br>sat alone, while men passed to and fro, going in to the king<br>and taking counsel with him. Night came on and the halfseen heads of the mountains westward were crowned with<br>stars, but the East was dark and blank. The marching stones<br>faded slowly from sight, but still beyond them, blacker than<br>the gloom, brooded the vast crouching shadow of the<br>Dwimorberg.<br>\u2018The Paths of the Dead,\u2019 he muttered to himself. \u2018The<br>Paths of the Dead? What does all this mean? They have all<br>left me now. They have all gone to some doom: Gandalf and<br>Pippin to war in the East; and Sam and Frodo to Mordor;<br>and Strider and Legolas and Gimli to the Paths of the Dead.<br>But my turn will come soon enough, I suppose. I wonder<br>what they are all talking about, and what the king means to<br>do. For I must go where he goes now.\u2019<br>In the midst of these gloomy thoughts he suddenly remembered that he was very hungry, and he got up to go and<br>see if anyone else in this strange camp felt the same. But<br>at that very moment a trumpet sounded, and a man came<br>summoning him, the king\u2019s esquire, to wait at the king\u2019s<br>board.<br>In the inner part of the pavilion was a small space, curtained off with broidered hangings, and strewn with skins;<br>and there at a small table sat The\u00b4oden with E\u00b4 omer and<br>E\u00b4 owyn, and Du\u00b4nhere, lord of Harrowdale. Merry stood<br>beside the king\u2019s stool and waited on him, till presently the<br>old man, coming out of deep thought, turned to him and<br>smiled.<br>\u2018Come, Master Meriadoc!\u2019 he said. \u2018You shall not stand.<br>You shall sit beside me, as long as I remain in my own lands,<br>and lighten my heart with tales.\u2019<br>Room was made for the hobbit at the king\u2019s left hand, but<br>no one called for any tale. There was indeed little speech,<br>the muster of rohan 1043<br>and they ate and drank for the most part in silence, until at<br>last, plucking up courage, Merry asked the question that was<br>tormenting him.<br>\u2018Twice now, lord, I have heard of the Paths of the Dead,\u2019<br>he said. \u2018What are they? And where has Strider, I mean the<br>Lord Aragorn, where has he gone?\u2019<br>The king sighed, but no one answered, until at last E\u00b4 omer<br>spoke. \u2018We do not know, and our hearts are heavy,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018But as for the Paths of the Dead, you have yourself walked<br>on their first steps. Nay, I speak no words of ill omen! The<br>road that we have climbed is the approach to the Door,<br>yonder in the Dimholt. But what lies beyond no man knows.\u2019<br>\u2018No man knows,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden: \u2018yet ancient legend, now<br>seldom spoken, has somewhat to report. If these old tales<br>speak true that have come down from father to son in the<br>House of Eorl, then the Door under Dwimorberg leads to a<br>secret way that goes beneath the mountain to some forgotten<br>end. But none have ever ventured in to search its secrets,<br>since Baldor, son of Brego, passed the Door and was never<br>seen among men again. A rash vow he spoke, as he drained<br>the horn at that feast which Brego made to hallow new-built<br>Meduseld, and he came never to the high seat of which he<br>was the heir.<br>\u2018Folk say that Dead Men out of the Dark Years guard the<br>way and will suffer no living man to come to their hidden<br>halls; but at whiles they may themselves be seen passing out<br>of the door like shadows and down the stony road. Then the<br>people of Harrowdale shut fast their doors and shroud their<br>windows and are afraid. But the Dead come seldom forth<br>and only at times of great unquiet and coming death.\u2019<br>\u2018Yet it is said in Harrowdale,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn in a low voice,<br>\u2018that in the moonless nights but little while ago a great host<br>in strange array passed by. Whence they came none knew,<br>but they went up the stony road and vanished into the hill,<br>as if they went to keep a tryst.\u2019<br>\u2018Then why has Aragorn gone that way?\u2019 asked Merry.<br>\u2018Don\u2019t you know anything that would explain it?\u2019<br>1044 the return of the king<br>\u2018Unless he has spoken words to you as his friend that we<br>have not heard,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer, \u2018none now in the land of the<br>living can tell his purpose.\u2019<br>\u2018Greatly changed he seemed to me since I saw him first in<br>the king\u2019s house,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn: \u2018grimmer, older. Fey I thought<br>him, and like one whom the Dead call.\u2019<br>\u2018Maybe he was called,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden; \u2018and my heart tells<br>me that I shall not see him again. Yet he is a kingly man of<br>high destiny. And take comfort in this, daughter, since comfort you seem to need in your grief for this guest. It is said<br>that when the Eorlingas came out of the North and passed<br>at length up the Snowbourn, seeking strong places of refuge<br>in time of need, Brego and his son Baldor climbed the Stair<br>of the Hold and so came before the Door. On the threshold<br>sat an old man, aged beyond guess of years; tall and kingly<br>he had been, but now he was withered as an old stone. Indeed<br>for stone they took him, for he moved not, and he said no<br>word, until they sought to pass him by and enter. And then<br>a voice came out of him, as it were out of the ground, and to<br>their amaze it spoke in the western tongue: The way is shut.<br>\u2018Then they halted and looked at him and saw that he lived<br>still; but he did not look at them. The way is shut, his voice<br>said again. It was made by those who are Dead, and the Dead<br>keep it, until the time comes. The way is shut.<br>\u2018And when will that time be? said Baldor. But no answer did<br>he ever get. For the old man died in that hour and fell upon<br>his face; and no other tidings of the ancient dwellers in the<br>mountains have our folk ever learned. Yet maybe at last the<br>time foretold has come, and Aragorn may pass.\u2019<br>\u2018But how shall a man discover whether that time be come<br>or no, save by daring the Door?\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018And that way<br>I would not go though all the hosts of Mordor stood before<br>me, and I were alone and had no other refuge. Alas that a<br>fey mood should fall on a man so greathearted in this hour<br>of need! Are there not evil things enough abroad without<br>seeking them under the earth? War is at hand.\u2019<br>He paused, for at that moment there was a noise outside,<br>the muster of rohan 1045<br>a man\u2019s voice crying the name of The\u00b4oden, and the challenge<br>of the guard.<br>Presently the captain of the Guard thrust aside the curtain.<br>\u2018A man is here, lord,\u2019 he said, \u2018an errand-rider of Gondor.<br>He wishes to come before you at once.\u2019<br>\u2018Let him come!\u2019 said The\u00b4oden.<br>A tall man entered, and Merry choked back a cry; for a<br>moment it seemed to him that Boromir was alive again and<br>had returned. Then he saw that it was not so; the man was a<br>stranger, though as like to Boromir as if he were one of his<br>kin, tall and grey-eyed and proud. He was clad as a rider with<br>a cloak of dark green over a coat of fine mail; on the front of<br>his helm was wrought a small silver star. In his hand he bore<br>a single arrow, black-feathered and barbed with steel, but the<br>point was painted red.<br>He sank on one knee and presented the arrow to The\u00b4oden.<br>\u2018Hail, Lord of the Rohirrim, friend of Gondor!\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018Hirgon I am, errand-rider of Denethor, who bring you this<br>token of war. Gondor is in great need. Often the Rohirrim<br>have aided us, but now the Lord Denethor asks for all your<br>strength and all your speed, lest Gondor fall at last.\u2019<br>\u2018The Red Arrow!\u2019 said The\u00b4oden, holding it, as one who<br>receives a summons long expected and yet dreadful when it<br>comes. His hand trembled. \u2018The Red Arrow has not been<br>seen in the Mark in all my years! Has it indeed come to that?<br>And what does the Lord Denethor reckon that all my strength<br>and all my speed may be?\u2019<br>\u2018That is best known to yourself, lord,\u2019 said Hirgon. \u2018But<br>ere long it may well come to pass that Minas Tirith is surrounded, and unless you have the strength to break a siege<br>of many powers, the Lord Denethor bids me say that he<br>judges that the strong arms of the Rohirrim would be better<br>within his walls than without.\u2019<br>\u2018But he knows that we are a people who fight rather upon<br>horseback and in the open, and that we are also a scattered<br>people and time is needed for the gathering of our Riders. Is<br>1046 the return of the king<br>it not true, Hirgon, that the Lord of Minas Tirith knows more<br>than he sets in his message? For we are already at war, as<br>you may have seen, and you do not find us all unprepared.<br>Gandalf the Grey has been among us, and even now we are<br>mustering for battle in the East.\u2019<br>\u2018What the Lord Denethor may know or guess of all these<br>things I cannot say,\u2019 answered Hirgon. \u2018But indeed our case<br>is desperate. My lord does not issue any command to you,<br>he begs you only to remember old friendship and oaths long<br>spoken, and for your own good to do all that you may. It is<br>reported to us that many kings have ridden in from the East<br>to the service of Mordor. From the North to the field of<br>Dagorlad there is skirmish and rumour of war. In the South<br>the Haradrim are moving, and fear has fallen on all our<br>coastlands, so that little help will come to us thence. Make<br>haste! For it is before the walls of Minas Tirith that the doom<br>of our time will be decided, and if the tide be not stemmed<br>there, then it will flow over all the fair fields of Rohan, and<br>even in this Hold among the hills there shall be no refuge.\u2019<br>\u2018Dark tidings,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden, \u2018yet not all unguessed. But<br>say to Denethor that even if Rohan itself felt no peril, still we<br>would come to his aid. But we have suffered much loss in<br>our battles with Saruman the traitor, and we must still think<br>of our frontier to the north and east, as his own tidings make<br>clear. So great a power as the Dark Lord seems now to wield<br>might well contain us in battle before the City and yet strike<br>with great force across the River away beyond the Gate of<br>Kings.<br>\u2018But we will speak no longer counsels of prudence. We will<br>come. The weapontake was set for the morrow. When all is<br>ordered we will set out. Ten thousand spears I might have<br>sent riding over the plain to the dismay of your foes. It will<br>be less now, I fear; for I will not leave my strongholds all<br>unguarded. Yet six thousands at the least shall ride behind<br>me. For say to Denethor that in this hour the King of the<br>Mark himself will come down to the land of Gondor, though<br>maybe he will not ride back. But it is a long road, and man<br>the muster of rohan 1047<br>and beast must reach the end with strength to fight. A week<br>it may be from tomorrow\u2019s morn ere you hear the cry of the<br>Sons of Eorl coming from the North.\u2019<br>\u2018A week!\u2019 said Hirgon. \u2018If it must be so, it must. But you<br>are like to find only ruined walls in seven days from now,<br>unless other help unlooked-for comes. Still, you may at the<br>least disturb the Orcs and Swarthy Men from their feasting<br>in the White Tower.\u2019<br>\u2018At the least we will do that,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018But I myself<br>am new-come from battle and long journey, and I will now<br>go to rest. Tarry here this night. Then you shall look on the<br>muster of Rohan and ride away the gladder for the sight, and<br>the swifter for the rest. In the morning counsels are best, and<br>night changes many thoughts.\u2019<br>With that the king stood up, and they all rose. \u2018Go now<br>each to your rest,\u2019 he said, \u2018and sleep well. And you, Master<br>Meriadoc, I need no more tonight. But be ready to my call<br>as soon as the Sun is risen.\u2019<br>\u2018I will be ready,\u2019 said Merry, \u2018even if you bid me ride with<br>you on the Paths of the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018Speak not words of omen!\u2019 said the king. \u2018For there may<br>be more roads than one that could bear that name. But I did<br>not say that I would bid you ride with me on any road. Good<br>night!\u2019<br>\u2018I won\u2019t be left behind, to be called for on return!\u2019 said<br>Merry. \u2018I won\u2019t be left, I won\u2019t.\u2019 And repeating this over and<br>over again to himself he fell asleep at last in his tent.<br>He was wakened by a man shaking him. \u2018Wake up, wake<br>up, Master Holbytla!\u2019 he cried; and at length Merry came out<br>of deep dreams and sat up with a start. It still seemed very<br>dark, he thought.<br>\u2018What is the matter?\u2019 he asked.<br>\u2018The king calls for you.\u2019<br>\u2018But the Sun has not risen, yet,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018No, and will not rise today, Master Holbytla. Nor ever<br>1048 the return of the king<br>again, one would think under this cloud. But time does not<br>stand still, though the Sun be lost. Make haste!\u2019<br>Flinging on some clothes, Merry looked outside. The world<br>was darkling. The very air seemed brown, and all things<br>about were black and grey and shadowless; there was a great<br>stillness. No shape of cloud could be seen, unless it were far<br>away westward, where the furthest groping fingers of the<br>great gloom still crawled onwards and a little light leaked<br>through them. Overhead there hung a heavy roof, sombre<br>and featureless, and light seemed rather to be failing than<br>growing.<br>Merry saw many folk standing, looking up and muttering;<br>all their faces were grey and sad, and some were afraid. With<br>a sinking heart he made his way to the king. Hirgon the rider<br>of Gondor was there before him, and beside him stood now<br>another man, like him and dressed alike, but shorter and<br>broader. As Merry entered he was speaking to the king.<br>\u2018It comes from Mordor, lord,\u2019 he said. \u2018It began last night<br>at sunset. From the hills in the Eastfold of your realm I saw<br>it rise and creep across the sky, and all night as I rode it came<br>behind eating up the stars. Now the great cloud hangs over<br>all the land between here and the Mountains of Shadow; and<br>it is deepening. War has already begun.\u2019<br>For a while the king sat silent. At last he spoke. \u2018So we<br>come to it in the end,\u2019 he said: \u2018the great battle of our time,<br>in which many things shall pass away. But at least there is no<br>longer need for hiding. We will ride the straight way and the<br>open road and with all our speed. The muster shall begin at<br>once, and wait for none that tarry. Have you good store in<br>Minas Tirith? For if we must ride now in all haste, then we<br>must ride light, with but meal and water enough to last us<br>into battle.\u2019<br>\u2018We have very great store long prepared,\u2019 answered<br>Hirgon. \u2018Ride now as light and as swift as you may!\u2019<br>\u2018Then call the heralds, E\u00b4 omer,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018Let the<br>Riders be marshalled!\u2019<br>the muster of rohan 1049<br>E\u00b4 omer went out, and presently the trumpets rang in the<br>Hold and were answered by many others from below; but<br>their voices no longer sounded clear and brave as they had<br>seemed to Merry the night before. Dull they seemed and<br>harsh in the heavy air, braying ominously.<br>The king turned to Merry. \u2018I am going to war, Master<br>Meriadoc,\u2019 he said. \u2018In a little while I shall take the road. I<br>release you from my service, but not from my friendship.<br>You shall abide here, and if you will, you shall serve the Lady<br>E\u00b4 owyn, who will govern the folk in my stead.\u2019<br>\u2018But, but, lord,\u2019 Merry stammered, \u2018I offered you my<br>sword. I do not want to be parted from you like this, The\u00b4oden<br>King. And as all my friends have gone to the battle, I should<br>be ashamed to stay behind.\u2019<br>\u2018But we ride on horses tall and swift,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden; \u2018and<br>great though your heart be, you cannot ride on such beasts.\u2019<br>\u2018Then tie me on to the back of one, or let me hang on a<br>stirrup, or something,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018It is a long way to run;<br>but run I shall, if I cannot ride, even if I wear my feet off and<br>arrive weeks too late.\u2019<br>The\u00b4oden smiled. \u2018Rather than that I would bear you with<br>me on Snowmane,\u2019 he said. \u2018But at the least you shall ride<br>with me to Edoras and look on Meduseld; for that way I shall<br>go. So far Stybba can bear you: the great race will not begin<br>till we reach the plains.\u2019<br>Then E\u00b4 owyn rose up. \u2018Come now, Meriadoc!\u2019 she said. \u2018I<br>will show you the gear that I have prepared for you.\u2019 They<br>went out together. \u2018This request only did Aragorn make to<br>me,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn, as they passed among the tents, \u2018that you<br>should be armed for battle. I have granted it, as I could. For<br>my heart tells me that you will need such gear ere the end.\u2019<br>Now she led Merry to a booth among the lodges of the<br>king\u2019s guard; and there an armourer brought out to her a<br>small helm, and a round shield, and other gear.<br>\u2018No mail have we to fit you,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn, \u2018nor any time<br>for the forging of such a hauberk; but here is also a stout<br>1050 the return of the king<br>jerkin of leather, a belt, and a knife. A sword you have.\u2019<br>Merry bowed, and the lady showed him the shield, which<br>was like the shield that had been given to Gimli, and it bore<br>on it the device of the white horse. \u2018Take all these things,\u2019<br>she said, \u2018and bear them to good fortune! Farewell now,<br>Master Meriadoc! Yet maybe we shall meet again, you<br>and I.\u2019<br>So it was that amid a gathering gloom the King of the<br>Mark made ready to lead all his Riders on the eastward road.<br>Hearts were heavy and many quailed in the shadow. But they<br>were a stern people, loyal to their lord, and little weeping or<br>murmuring was heard, even in the camp in the Hold where<br>the exiles from Edoras were housed, women and children and<br>old men. Doom hung over them, but they faced it silently.<br>Two swift hours passed, and now the king sat upon his<br>white horse, glimmering in the half-light. Proud and tall he<br>seemed, though the hair that flowed beneath his high helm<br>was like snow; and many marvelled at him and took heart to<br>see him unbent and unafraid.<br>There on the wide flats beside the noisy river were marshalled in many companies well nigh five and fifty hundreds<br>of Riders fully armed, and many hundreds of other men with<br>spare horses lightly burdened. A single trumpet sounded.<br>The king raised his hand, and then silently the host of the<br>Mark began to move. Foremost went twelve of the king\u2019s<br>household-men, Riders of renown. Then the king followed<br>with E\u00b4 omer on his right. He had said farewell to E\u00b4 owyn above<br>in the Hold, and the memory was grievous; but now he turned<br>his mind to the road that lay ahead. Behind him Merry rode<br>on Stybba with the errand riders of Gondor, and behind them<br>again twelve more of the king\u2019s household. They passed down<br>the long ranks of waiting men with stern and unmoved faces.<br>But when they had come almost to the end of the line one<br>looked up glancing keenly at the hobbit. A young man, Merry<br>thought as he returned the glance, less in height and girth<br>than most. He caught the glint of clear grey eyes; and then<br>the muster of rohan 1051<br>he shivered, for it came suddenly to him that it was the face<br>of one without hope who goes in search of death.<br>On down the grey road they went beside the Snowbourn<br>rushing on its stones; through the hamlets of Underharrow<br>and Upbourn, where many sad faces of women looked out<br>from dark doors; and so without horn or harp or music of<br>men\u2019s voices the great ride into the East began with which<br>the songs of Rohan were busy for many long lives of men<br>thereafter.<br>From dark Dunharrow in the dim morning<br>with thane and captain rode Thengel\u2019s son:<br>to Edoras he came, the ancient halls<br>of the Mark-wardens mist-enshrouded;<br>golden timbers were in gloom mantled.<br>Farewell he bade to his free people,<br>hearth and high-seat, and the hallowed places,<br>where long he had feasted ere the light faded.<br>Forth rode the king, fear behind him,<br>fate before him. Fealty kept he;<br>oaths he had taken, all fulfilled them.<br>Forth rode The\u00b4oden. Five nights and days<br>east and onward rode the Eorlingas<br>through Folde and Fenmarch and the Firienwood,<br>six thousand spears to Sunlending,<br>Mundburg the mighty under Mindolluin,<br>Sea-kings\u2019 city in the South-kingdom<br>foe-beleaguered, fire-encircled.<br>Doom drove them on. Darkness took them,<br>horse and horseman; hoofbeats afar<br>sank into silence: so the songs tell us.<br>It was indeed in deepening gloom that the king came to<br>Edoras, although it was then but noon by the hour. There he<br>halted only a short while and strengthened his host by some<br>three score of Riders that came late to the weapontake. Now<br>having eaten he made ready to set out again, and he wished<br>1052 the return of the king<br>his esquire a kindly farewell. But Merry begged for the last<br>time not to be parted from him.<br>\u2018This is no journey for such steeds as Stybba, as I have<br>told you,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018And in such a battle as we think to<br>make on the fields of Gondor what would you do, Master<br>Meriadoc, swordthain though you be, and greater of heart<br>than of stature?\u2019<br>\u2018As for that, who can tell?\u2019 answered Merry. \u2018But why,<br>lord, did you receive me as swordthain, if not to stay by your<br>side? And I would not have it said of me in song only that I<br>was always left behind!\u2019<br>\u2018I received you for your safe-keeping,\u2019 answered The\u00b4oden;<br>\u2018and also to do as I might bid. None of my Riders can bear<br>you as burden. If the battle were before my gates, maybe<br>your deeds would be remembered by the minstrels; but it is<br>a hundred leagues and two to Mundburg where Denethor is<br>lord. I will say no more.\u2019<br>Merry bowed and went away unhappily, and stared at the<br>lines of horsemen. Already the companies were preparing to<br>start: men were tightening girths, looking to saddles, caressing<br>their horses; some gazed uneasily at the lowering sky. Unnoticed a Rider came up and spoke softly in the hobbit\u2019s ear.<br>\u2018Where will wants not, a way opens, so we say,\u2019 he whispered;<br>\u2018and so I have found myself.\u2019 Merry looked up and saw that<br>it was the young Rider whom he had noticed in the morning.<br>\u2018You wish to go whither the Lord of the Mark goes: I see it<br>in your face.\u2019<br>\u2018I do,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018Then you shall go with me,\u2019 said the Rider. \u2018I will bear<br>you before me, under my cloak until we are far afield, and<br>this darkness is yet darker. Such good will should not be<br>denied. Say no more to any man, but come!\u2019<br>\u2018Thank you indeed!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Thank you, sir, though<br>I do not know your name.\u2019<br>\u2018Do you not?\u2019 said the Rider softly. \u2018Then call me<br>Dernhelm.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">the muster of rohan 1053<br>Thus it came to pass that when the king set out, before<br>Dernhelm sat Meriadoc the hobbit, and the great grey steed<br>Windfola made little of the burden; for Dernhelm was less in<br>weight than many men, though lithe and well-knit in frame.<br>On into the shadow they rode. In the willow-thickets where<br>Snowbourn flowed into Entwash, twelve leagues east of<br>Edoras, they camped that night. And then on again through<br>the Folde; and through the Fenmarch, where to their right<br>great oakwoods climbed on the skirts of the hills under the<br>shades of dark Halifirien by the borders of Gondor; but away<br>to their left the mists lay on the marshes fed by the mouths<br>of Entwash. And as they rode rumour came of war in the<br>North. Lone men, riding wild, brought word of foes assailing<br>their east-borders, of orc-hosts marching in the Wold of<br>Rohan.<br>\u2018Ride on! Ride on!\u2019 cried E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Too late now to turn<br>aside. The fens of Entwash must guard our flank. Haste now<br>we need. Ride on!\u2019<br>And so King The\u00b4oden departed from his own realm, and<br>mile by mile the long road wound away, and the beacon hills<br>marched past: Calenhad, Min-Rimmon, Erelas, Nardol. But<br>their fires were quenched. All the lands were grey and still;<br>and ever the shadow deepened before them, and hope waned<br>in every heart.<br>Chapter 4<br>THE SIEGE OF GONDOR<br>Pippin was roused by Gandalf. Candles were lit in their<br>chamber, for only a dim twilight came through the windows;<br>the air was heavy as with approaching thunder.<br>\u2018What is the time?\u2019 said Pippin yawning.<br>\u2018Past the second hour,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Time to get up and<br>make yourself presentable. You are summoned to the Lord<br>of the City to learn your new duties.\u2019<br>\u2018And will he provide breakfast?\u2019<br>\u2018No! I have provided it: all that you will get till noon. Food<br>is now doled out by order.\u2019<br>Pippin looked ruefully at the small loaf and (he thought)<br>very inadequate pat of butter which was set out for him,<br>beside a cup of thin milk. \u2018Why did you bring me here?\u2019 he<br>said.<br>\u2018You know quite well,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018To keep you out of<br>mischief; and if you do not like being here, you can remember<br>that you brought it on yourself.\u2019 Pippin said no more.<br>Before long he was walking with Gandalf once more<br>down the cold corridor to the door of the Tower Hall. There<br>Denethor sat in a grey gloom, like an old patient spider,<br>Pippin thought; he did not seem to have moved since the day<br>before. He beckoned Gandalf to a seat, but Pippin was left<br>for a while standing unheeded. Presently the old man turned<br>to him:<br>\u2018Well, Master Peregrin, I hope that you used yesterday to<br>your profit, and to your liking? Though I fear that the board<br>is barer in this city than you could wish.\u2019<br>Pippin had an uncomfortable feeling that most of what he<br>had said or done was somehow known to the Lord of the<br>the siege of gondor 1055<br>City, and much was guessed of what he thought as well. He<br>did not answer.<br>\u2018What would you do in my service?\u2019<br>\u2018I thought, sir, that you would tell me my duties.\u2019<br>\u2018I will, when I learn what you are fit for,\u2019 said Denethor.<br>\u2018But that I shall learn soonest, maybe, if I keep you beside<br>me. The esquire of my chamber has begged leave to go to<br>the out-garrison, so you shall take his place for a while. You<br>shall wait on me, bear errands, and talk to me, if war and<br>council leave me any leisure. Can you sing?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Well, yes, well enough for my own<br>people. But we have no songs fit for great halls and evil times,<br>lord. We seldom sing of anything more terrible than wind or<br>rain. And most of my songs are about things that make us<br>laugh; or about food and drink, of course.\u2019<br>\u2018And why should such songs be unfit for my halls, or for<br>such hours as these? We who have lived long under the<br>Shadow may surely listen to echoes from a land untroubled<br>by it? Then we may feel that our vigil was not fruitless,<br>though it may have been thankless.\u2019<br>Pippin\u2019s heart sank. He did not relish the idea of singing<br>any song of the Shire to the Lord of Minas Tirith, certainly<br>not the comic ones that he knew best; they were too, well,<br>rustic for such an occasion. He was however spared the ordeal<br>for the present. He was not commanded to sing. Denethor<br>turned to Gandalf, asking questions about the Rohirrim and<br>their policies, and the position of E\u00b4 omer, the king\u2019s nephew.<br>Pippin marvelled at the amount that the Lord seemed to<br>know about a people that lived far away, though it must, he<br>thought, be many years since Denethor himself had ridden<br>abroad.<br>Presently Denethor waved to Pippin and dismissed him<br>again for a while. \u2018Go to the armouries of the Citadel,\u2019 he<br>said, \u2018and get you there the livery and gear of the Tower. It<br>will be ready. It was commanded yesterday. Return when<br>you are clad!\u2019<br>It was as he said; and Pippin soon found himself arrayed<br>1056 the return of the king<br>in strange garments, all of black and silver. He had a small<br>hauberk, its rings forged of steel, maybe, yet black as jet; and<br>a high-crowned helm with small raven-wings on either side,<br>set with a silver star in the centre of the circlet. Above the<br>mail was a short surcoat of black, but broidered on the breast<br>in silver with the token of the Tree. His old clothes were<br>folded and put away, but he was permitted to keep the grey<br>cloak of Lo\u00b4rien, though not to wear it when on duty. He<br>looked now, had he known it, verily Ernil i Pheriannath, the<br>Prince of the Halflings, that folk had called him; but he felt<br>uncomfortable. And the gloom began to weigh on his spirits.<br>It was dark and dim all day. From the sunless dawn until<br>evening the heavy shadow had deepened, and all hearts in<br>the City were oppressed. Far above a great cloud streamed<br>slowly westward from the Black Land, devouring light, borne<br>upon a wind of war; but below the air was still and breathless,<br>as if all the Vale of Anduin waited for the onset of a ruinous<br>storm.<br>About the eleventh hour, released at last for a while from<br>service, Pippin came out and went in search of food and<br>drink to cheer his heavy heart and make his task of waiting<br>more supportable. In the messes he met Beregond again, who<br>had just come from an errand over the Pelennor out to the<br>Guard-towers upon the Causeway. Together they strolled<br>out to the walls; for Pippin felt imprisoned indoors, and stifled<br>even in the lofty citadel. Now they sat side by side again in<br>the embrasure looking eastward, where they had eaten and<br>talked the day before.<br>It was the sunset-hour, but the great pall had now stretched<br>far into the West, and only as it sank at last into the Sea did<br>the Sun escape to send out a brief farewell gleam before the<br>night, even as Frodo saw it at the Cross-roads touching the<br>head of the fallen king. But to the fields of the Pelennor,<br>under the shadow of Mindolluin, there came no gleam: they<br>were brown and drear.<br>Already it seemed years to Pippin since he had sat there<br>the siege of gondor 1057<br>before, in some half-forgotten time when he had still been a<br>hobbit, a light-hearted wanderer touched little by the perils<br>he had passed through. Now he was one small soldier in a<br>city preparing for a great assault, clad in the proud but<br>sombre manner of the Tower of Guard.<br>In some other time and place Pippin might have been<br>pleased with his new array, but he knew now that he was<br>taking part in no play; he was in deadly earnest the servant<br>of a grim master in the greatest peril. The hauberk was<br>burdensome, and the helm weighed upon his head. His cloak<br>he had cast aside upon the seat. He turned his tired gaze<br>away from the darkling fields below and yawned, and then<br>he sighed.<br>\u2018You are weary of this day?\u2019 said Beregond.<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018very: tired out with idleness and waiting. I have kicked my heels at the door of my master\u2019s<br>chamber for many slow hours, while he has debated with<br>Gandalf and the Prince and other great persons. And I\u2019m not<br>used, Master Beregond, to waiting hungry on others while<br>they eat. It is a sore trial for a hobbit, that. No doubt you will<br>think I should feel the honour more deeply. But what is the<br>good of such honour? Indeed what is the good even of food<br>and drink under this creeping shadow? What does it mean?<br>The very air seems thick and brown! Do you often have such<br>glooms when the wind is in the East?\u2019<br>\u2018Nay,\u2019 said Beregond, \u2018this is no weather of the world. This<br>is some device of his malice; some broil of fume from the<br>Mountain of Fire that he sends to darken hearts and counsel.<br>And so it doth indeed. I wish the Lord Faramir would return.<br>He would not be dismayed. But now, who knows if he will<br>ever come back across the River out of the Darkness?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018Gandalf, too, is anxious. He was disappointed, I think, not to find Faramir here. And where has<br>he got to himself ? He left the Lord\u2019s council before the noonmeal, and in no good mood either, I thought. Perhaps he has<br>some foreboding of bad news.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1058 the return of the king<br>Suddenly as they talked they were stricken dumb, frozen<br>as it were to listening stones. Pippin cowered down with his<br>hands pressed to his ears; but Beregond, who had been looking out from the battlement as he spoke of Faramir, remained<br>there, stiffened, staring out with starting eyes. Pippin knew<br>the shuddering cry that he had heard: it was the same that he<br>had heard long ago in the Marish of the Shire, but now it<br>was grown in power and hatred, piercing the heart with a<br>poisonous despair.<br>At last Beregond spoke with an effort. \u2018They have come!\u2019<br>he said. \u2018Take courage and look! There are fell things below.\u2019<br>Reluctantly Pippin climbed on to the seat and looked out<br>over the wall. The Pelennor lay dim beneath him, fading<br>away to the scarce guessed line of the Great River. But now<br>wheeling swiftly across it, like shadows of untimely night, he<br>saw in the middle airs below him five birdlike forms, horrible<br>as carrion-fowl yet greater than eagles, cruel as death. Now<br>they swooped near, venturing almost within bowshot of the<br>walls, now they circled away.<br>\u2018Black Riders!\u2019 muttered Pippin. \u2018Black Riders of the<br>air! But see, Beregond!\u2019 he cried. \u2018They are looking for<br>something, surely? See how they wheel and swoop, always<br>down to that point over there! And can you see something moving on the ground? Dark little things. Yes, men on<br>horses: four or five. Ah! I cannot stand it! Gandalf! Gandalf<br>save us!\u2019<br>Another long screech rose and fell, and he threw himself<br>back again from the wall, panting like a hunted animal. Faint<br>and seemingly remote through that shuddering cry he heard<br>winding up from below the sound of a trumpet ending on a<br>long high note.<br>\u2018Faramir! The Lord Faramir! It is his call!\u2019 cried Beregond.<br>\u2018Brave heart! But how can he win to the Gate, if these foul<br>hell-hawks have other weapons than fear? But look! They<br>hold on. They will make the Gate. No! the horses are running<br>mad. Look! the men are thrown; they are running on foot.<br>No, one is still up, but he rides back to the others. That will<br>the siege of gondor 1059<br>be the Captain: he can master both beasts and men. Ah! there<br>one of the foul things is stooping on him. Help! help! Will no<br>one go out to him? Faramir!\u2019<br>With that Beregond sprang away and ran off into the<br>gloom. Ashamed of his terror, while Beregond of the Guard<br>thought first of the captain whom he loved, Pippin got up<br>and peered out. At that moment he caught a flash of white<br>and silver coming from the North, like a small star down on<br>the dusky fields. It moved with the speed of an arrow and<br>grew as it came, converging swiftly with the flight of the four<br>men towards the Gate. It seemed to Pippin that a pale light<br>was spread about it and the heavy shadows gave way before<br>it; and then as it drew near he thought that he heard, like an<br>echo in the walls, a great voice calling.<br>\u2018Gandalf!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Gandalf! He always turns up when<br>things are darkest. Go on! Go on, White Rider! Gandalf,<br>Gandalf!\u2019 he shouted wildly, like an onlooker at a great race<br>urging on a runner who is far beyond encouragement.<br>But now the dark swooping shadows were aware of the<br>newcomer. One wheeled towards him; but it seemed to<br>Pippin that he raised his hand, and from it a shaft of white<br>light stabbed upwards. The Nazgu\u02c6l gave a long wailing cry<br>and swerved away; and with that the four others wavered,<br>and then rising in swift spirals they passed away eastward<br>vanishing into the lowering cloud above; and down on the<br>Pelennor it seemed for a while less dark.<br>Pippin watched, and he saw the horseman and the White<br>Rider meet and halt, waiting for those on foot. Men now<br>hurried out to them from the City; and soon they all passed<br>from sight under the outer walls, and he knew that they were<br>entering the Gate. Guessing that they would come at once<br>to the Tower and the Steward, he hurried to the entrance of<br>the citadel. There he was joined by many others who had<br>watched the race and the rescue from the high walls.<br>It was not long before a clamour was heard in the streets<br>leading up from the outer circles, and there was much cheering and crying of the names of Faramir and Mithrandir.<br>1060 the return of the king<br>Presently Pippin saw torches, and followed by a press of<br>people two horsemen riding slowly: one was in white but<br>shining no longer, pale in the twilight as if his fire was spent<br>or veiled; the other was dark and his head was bowed. They<br>dismounted, and as grooms took Shadowfax and the other<br>horse, they walked forward to the sentinel at the gate: Gandalf<br>steadily, his grey cloak flung back, and a fire still smouldering<br>in his eyes; the other, clad all in green, slowly, swaying a little<br>as a weary or a wounded man.<br>Pippin pressed forward as they passed under the lamp<br>beneath the gate-arch, and when he saw the pale face of<br>Faramir he caught his breath. It was the face of one who has<br>been assailed by a great fear or anguish, but has mastered it<br>and now is quiet. Proud and grave he stood for a moment as<br>he spoke to the guard, and Pippin gazing at him saw how<br>closely he resembled his brother Boromir \u2013 whom Pippin had<br>liked from the first, admiring the great man\u2019s lordly but kindly<br>manner. Yet suddenly for Faramir his heart was strangely<br>moved with a feeling that he had not known before. Here<br>was one with an air of high nobility such as Aragorn at times<br>revealed, less high perhaps, yet also less incalculable and<br>remote: one of the Kings of Men born into a later time, but<br>touched with the wisdom and sadness of the Elder Race. He<br>knew now why Beregond spoke his name with love. He was<br>a captain that men would follow, that he would follow, even<br>under the shadow of the black wings.<br>\u2018Faramir!\u2019 he cried aloud with the others. \u2018Faramir!\u2019 And<br>Faramir, catching his strange voice among the clamour of the<br>men of the City, turned and looked down at him and was<br>amazed.<br>\u2018Whence come you?\u2019 he said. \u2018A halfling, and in the livery<br>of the Tower! Whence\u2026?\u2019<br>But with that Gandalf stepped to his side and spoke. \u2018He<br>came with me from the land of the Halflings,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018He came with me. But let us not tarry here. There is much<br>to say and to do, and you are weary. He shall come with us.<br>Indeed he must, for if he does not forget his new duties more<br>the siege of gondor 1061<br>easily than I do, he must attend on his lord again within this<br>hour. Come, Pippin, follow us!\u2019<br>So at length they came to the private chamber of the Lord<br>of the City. There deep seats were set about a brazier of<br>charcoal; and wine was brought; and there Pippin, hardly<br>noticed, stood behind the chair of Denethor and felt his<br>weariness little, so eagerly did he listen to all that was said.<br>When Faramir had taken white bread and drunk a draught<br>of wine, he sat upon a low chair at his father\u2019s left hand.<br>Removed a little upon the other side sat Gandalf in a chair<br>of carven wood; and he seemed at first to be asleep. For at<br>the beginning Faramir spoke only of the errand upon which<br>he had been sent out ten days before, and he brought tidings<br>of Ithilien and of movements of the Enemy and his allies; and<br>he told of the fight on the road when the men of Harad and<br>their great beast were overthrown: a captain reporting to his<br>master such matters as had often been heard before, small<br>things of border-war that now seemed useless and petty,<br>shorn of their renown.<br>Then suddenly Faramir looked at Pippin. \u2018But now we<br>come to strange matters,\u2019 he said. \u2018For this is not the first<br>halfling that I have seen walking out of northern legends into<br>the Southlands.\u2019<br>At that Gandalf sat up and gripped the arms of his chair;<br>but he said nothing, and with a look stopped the exclamation<br>on Pippin\u2019s lips. Denethor looked at their faces and nodded<br>his head, as though in sign that he had read much there<br>before it was spoken. Slowly, while the others sat silent and<br>still, Faramir told his tale, with his eyes for the most part on<br>Gandalf, though now and again his glance strayed to Pippin,<br>as if to refresh his memory of others that he had seen.<br>As his story was unfolded of his meeting with Frodo and<br>his servant and of the events at Henneth Annu\u02c6n, Pippin<br>became aware that Gandalf\u2019s hands were trembling as they<br>clutched the carven wood. White they seemed now and very<br>old, and as he looked at them, suddenly with a thrill of fear<br>1062 the return of the king<br>Pippin knew that Gandalf, Gandalf himself, was troubled,<br>even afraid. The air of the room was close and still. At last<br>when Faramir spoke of his parting with the travellers, and of<br>their resolve to go to Cirith Ungol, his voice fell, and he shook<br>his head and sighed. Then Gandalf sprang up.<br>\u2018Cirith Ungol? Morgul Vale?\u2019 he said. \u2018The time, Faramir,<br>the time? When did you part with them? When would they<br>reach that accursed valley?\u2019<br>\u2018I parted with them in the morning two days ago,\u2019<br>said Faramir. \u2018It is fifteen leagues thence to the vale of<br>the Morgulduin, if they went straight south; and then they<br>would be still five leagues westward of the accursed Tower.<br>At swiftest they could not come there before today, and<br>maybe they have not come there yet. Indeed I see what you<br>fear. But the darkness is not due to their venture. It began<br>yestereve, and all Ithilien was under shadow last night. It is<br>clear to me that the Enemy has long planned an assault on<br>us, and its hour had already been determined before ever the<br>travellers left my keeping.\u2019<br>Gandalf paced the floor. \u2018The morning of two days ago,<br>nigh on three days of journey! How far is the place where<br>you parted?\u2019<br>\u2018Some twenty-five leagues as a bird flies,\u2019 answered<br>Faramir. \u2018But I could not come more swiftly. Yestereve I lay<br>at Cair Andros, the long isle in the River northward which<br>we hold in defence; and horses are kept on the hither bank.<br>As the dark drew on I knew that haste was needed, so I rode<br>thence with three others that could also be horsed. The rest<br>of my company I sent south to strengthen the garrison at the<br>fords of Osgiliath. I hope that I have not done ill?\u2019 He looked<br>at his father.<br>\u2018Ill?\u2019 cried Denethor, and his eyes flashed suddenly. \u2018Why<br>do you ask? The men were under your command. Or do you<br>ask for my judgement on all your deeds? Your bearing is<br>lowly in my presence, yet it is long now since you turned<br>from your own way at my counsel. See, you have spoken<br>skilfully, as ever; but I, have I not seen your eye fixed on<br>the siege of gondor 1063<br>Mithrandir, seeking whether you said well or too much? He<br>has long had your heart in his keeping.<br>\u2018My son, your father is old but not yet dotard. I can see<br>and hear, as was my wont; and little of what you have half<br>said or left unsaid is now hidden from me. I know the answer<br>to many riddles. Alas, alas for Boromir!\u2019<br>\u2018If what I have done displeases you, my father,\u2019 said<br>Faramir quietly, \u2018I wish I had known your counsel before the<br>burden of so weighty a judgement was thrust on me.\u2019<br>\u2018Would that have availed to change your judgement?\u2019 said<br>Denethor. \u2018You would still have done just so, I deem. I know<br>you well. Ever your desire is to appear lordly and generous<br>as a king of old, gracious, gentle. That may well befit one of<br>high race, if he sits in power and peace. But in desperate<br>hours gentleness may be repaid with death.\u2019<br>\u2018So be it,\u2019 said Faramir.<br>\u2018So be it!\u2019 cried Denethor. \u2018But not with your death only,<br>Lord Faramir: with the death also of your father, and of all<br>your people, whom it is your part to protect now that Boromir<br>is gone.\u2019<br>\u2018Do you wish then,\u2019 said Faramir, \u2018that our places had been<br>exchanged?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I wish that indeed,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018For Boromir was<br>loyal to me and no wizard\u2019s pupil. He would have remembered his father\u2019s need, and would not have squandered<br>what fortune gave. He would have brought me a mighty gift.\u2019<br>For a moment Faramir\u2019s restraint gave way. \u2018I would ask<br>you, my father, to remember why it was that I, not he, was<br>in Ithilien. On one occasion at least your counsel has prevailed, not long ago. It was the Lord of the City that gave the<br>errand to him.\u2019<br>\u2018Stir not the bitterness in the cup that I mixed for myself,\u2019<br>said Denethor. \u2018Have I not tasted it now many nights upon<br>my tongue, foreboding that worse yet lay in the dregs? As<br>now indeed I find. Would it were not so! Would that this<br>thing had come to me!\u2019<br>\u2018Comfort yourself!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018In no case would<br>1064 the return of the king<br>Boromir have brought it to you. He is dead, and died well;<br>may he sleep in peace! Yet you deceive yourself. He would<br>have stretched out his hand to this thing, and taking it he<br>would have fallen. He would have kept it for his own, and<br>when he returned you would not have known your son.\u2019<br>The face of Denethor set hard and cold. \u2018You found<br>Boromir less apt to your hand, did you not?\u2019 he said softly.<br>\u2018But I who was his father say that he would have brought it<br>to me. You are wise, maybe, Mithrandir, yet with all your<br>subtleties you have not all wisdom. Counsels may be found<br>that are neither the webs of wizards nor the haste of fools. I<br>have in this matter more lore and wisdom than you deem.\u2019<br>\u2018What then is your wisdom?\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>\u2018Enough to perceive that there are two follies to avoid. To<br>use this thing is perilous. At this hour, to send it in the hands<br>of a witless halfling into the land of the Enemy himself, as<br>you have done, and this son of mine, that is madness.\u2019<br>\u2018And the Lord Denethor what would he have done?\u2019<br>\u2018Neither. But most surely not for any argument would he<br>have set this thing at a hazard beyond all but a fool\u2019s hope,<br>risking our utter ruin, if the Enemy should recover what he<br>lost. Nay, it should have been kept, hidden, hidden dark and<br>deep. Not used, I say, unless at the uttermost end of need,<br>but set beyond his grasp, save by a victory so final that what<br>then befell would not trouble us, being dead.\u2019<br>\u2018You think, as is your wont, my lord, of Gondor only,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018Yet there are other men and other lives, and time<br>still to be. And for me, I pity even his slaves.\u2019<br>\u2018And where will other men look for help, if Gondor falls?\u2019<br>answered Denethor. \u2018If I had this thing now in the deep vaults<br>of this citadel, we should not then shake with dread under<br>this gloom, fearing the worst, and our counsels would be<br>undisturbed. If you do not trust me to endure the test, you<br>do not know me yet.\u2019<br>\u2018Nonetheless I do not trust you,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Had I done<br>so, I could have sent this thing hither to your keeping and<br>spared myself and others much anguish. And now hearing<br>the siege of gondor 1065<br>you speak I trust you less, no more than Boromir. Nay, stay<br>your wrath! I do not trust myself in this, and I refused this<br>thing, even as a freely given gift. You are strong and can still<br>in some matters govern yourself, Denethor; yet if you had<br>received this thing, it would have overthrown you. Were it<br>buried beneath the roots of Mindolluin, still it would burn<br>your mind away, as the darkness grows, and the yet worse<br>things follow that soon shall come upon us.\u2019<br>For a moment the eyes of Denethor glowed again as<br>he faced Gandalf, and Pippin felt once more the strain between their wills; but now almost it seemed as if their glances<br>were like blades from eye to eye, flickering as they fenced.<br>Pippin trembled fearing some dreadful stroke. But suddenly<br>Denethor relaxed and grew cold again. He shrugged his<br>shoulders.<br>\u2018If I had! If you had!\u2019 he said. \u2018Such words and ifs are vain.<br>It has gone into the Shadow, and only time will show what<br>doom awaits it, and us. The time will not be long. In what is<br>left, let all who fight the Enemy in their fashion be at one,<br>and keep hope while they may, and after hope still the hardihood to die free.\u2019 He turned to Faramir. \u2018What think you of<br>the garrison at Osgiliath?\u2019<br>\u2018It is not strong,\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018I have sent the company<br>of Ithilien to strengthen it, as I have said.\u2019<br>\u2018Not enough, I deem,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018It is there that the<br>first blow will fall. They will have need of some stout captain<br>there.\u2019<br>\u2018There and elsewhere in many places,\u2019 said Faramir, and<br>sighed. \u2018Alas for my brother, whom I too loved!\u2019 He rose.<br>\u2018May I have your leave, father?\u2019 And then he swayed and<br>leaned upon his father\u2019s chair.<br>\u2018You are weary, I see,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018You have ridden<br>fast and far, and under shadows of evil in the air, I am told.\u2019<br>\u2018Let us not speak of that!\u2019 said Faramir.<br>\u2018Then we will not,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018Go now and rest as<br>you may. Tomorrow\u2019s need will be sterner.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1066 the return of the king<br>All now took leave of the Lord of the City and went to rest<br>while they still could. Outside there was a starless blackness<br>as Gandalf, with Pippin beside him bearing a small torch,<br>made his way to their lodging. They did not speak until they<br>were behind closed doors. Then at last Pippin took Gandalf\u2019s<br>hand.<br>\u2018Tell me,\u2019 he said, \u2018is there any hope? For Frodo, I mean;<br>or at least mostly for Frodo.\u2019<br>Gandalf put his hand on Pippin\u2019s head. \u2018There never was<br>much hope,\u2019 he answered. \u2018Just a fool\u2019s hope, as I have been<br>told. And when I heard of Cirith Ungol\u2014\u2014\u2019 He broke off<br>and strode to the window, as if his eyes could pierce the night<br>in the East. \u2018Cirith Ungol!\u2019 he muttered. \u2018Why that way, I<br>wonder?\u2019 He turned. \u2018Just now, Pippin, my heart almost failed<br>me, hearing that name. And yet in truth I believe that the<br>news that Faramir brings has some hope in it. For it seems<br>clear that our Enemy has opened his war at last and made<br>the first move while Frodo was still free. So now for many<br>days he will have his eye turned this way and that, away from<br>his own land. And yet, Pippin, I feel from afar his haste and<br>fear. He has begun sooner than he would. Something has<br>happened to stir him.\u2019<br>Gandalf stood for a moment in thought. \u2018Maybe,\u2019 he muttered. \u2018Maybe even your foolishness helped, my lad. Let me<br>see: some five days ago now he would discover that we had<br>thrown down Saruman, and had taken the Stone. Still what<br>of that? We could not use it to much purpose, or without his<br>knowing. Ah! I wonder. Aragorn? His time draws near. And<br>he is strong and stern underneath, Pippin; bold, determined,<br>able to take his own counsel and dare great risks at need.<br>That may be it. He may have used the Stone and shown<br>himself to the Enemy, challenging him, for this very purpose.<br>I wonder. Well, we shall not know the answer till the Riders<br>of Rohan come, if they do not come too late. There are evil<br>days ahead. To sleep while we may!\u2019<br>\u2018But,\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018But what?\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Only one but will I allow tonight.\u2019<br>the siege of gondor 1067<br>\u2018Gollum,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018How on earth could they be going<br>about with him, even following him? And I could see that<br>Faramir did not like the place he was taking them to any<br>more than you do. What is wrong?\u2019<br>\u2018I cannot answer that now,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Yet my heart<br>guessed that Frodo and Gollum would meet before the end.<br>For good, or for evil. But of Cirith Ungol I will not speak<br>tonight. Treachery, treachery I fear; treachery of that miserable creature. But so it must be. Let us remember that a<br>traitor may betray himself and do good that he does not<br>intend. It can be so, sometimes. Good night!\u2019<br>The next day came with a morning like a brown dusk, and<br>the hearts of men, lifted for a while by the return of Faramir,<br>sank low again. The winged Shadows were not seen again<br>that day, yet ever and anon, high above the city, a faint cry<br>would come, and many who heard it would stand stricken<br>with a passing dread, while the less stout-hearted quailed and<br>wept.<br>And now Faramir was gone again. \u2018They give him no rest,\u2019<br>some murmured. \u2018The Lord drives his son too hard, and now<br>he must do the duty of two, for himself and for the one that<br>will not return.\u2019 And ever men looked northward, asking:<br>\u2018Where are the Riders of Rohan?\u2019<br>In truth Faramir did not go by his own choosing. But the<br>Lord of the City was master of his Council, and he was in<br>no mood that day to bow to others. Early in the morning the<br>Council had been summoned. There all the captains judged<br>that because of the threat in the South their force was too<br>weak to make any stroke of war on their own part, unless<br>perchance the Riders of Rohan yet should come. Meanwhile<br>they must man the walls and wait.<br>\u2018Yet,\u2019 said Denethor, \u2018we should not lightly abandon the<br>outer defences, the Rammas made with so great a labour.<br>And the Enemy must pay dearly for the crossing of the River.<br>That he cannot do, in force to assail the City, either north of<br>Cair Andros because of the marshes, or southwards towards<br>1068 the return of the king<br>Lebennin because of the breadth of the River, that needs<br>many boats. It is at Osgiliath that he will put his weight, as<br>before when Boromir denied him the passage.\u2019<br>\u2018That was but a trial,\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018Today we may make<br>the Enemy pay ten times our loss at the passage and yet rue<br>the exchange. For he can afford to lose a host better than we<br>to lose a company. And the retreat of those that we put out<br>far afield will be perilous, if he wins across in force.\u2019<br>\u2018And what of Cair Andros?\u2019 said the Prince. \u2018That, too,<br>must be held, if Osgiliath is defended. Let us not forget the<br>danger on our left. The Rohirrim may come, and they may<br>not. But Faramir has told us of great strength drawing ever<br>to the Black Gate. More than one host may issue from it, and<br>strike for more than one passage.\u2019<br>\u2018Much must be risked in war,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018Cair Andros<br>is manned, and no more can be sent so far. But I will not<br>yield the River and the Pelennor unfought \u2013 not if there is a<br>captain here who has still the courage to do his lord\u2019s will.\u2019<br>Then all were silent. But at length Faramir said: \u2018I do not<br>oppose your will, sire. Since you are robbed of Boromir, I<br>will go and do what I can in his stead \u2013 if you command it.\u2019<br>\u2018I do so,\u2019 said Denethor.<br>\u2018Then farewell!\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018But if I should return, think<br>better of me!\u2019<br>\u2018That depends on the manner of your return,\u2019 said<br>Denethor.<br>Gandalf it was that last spoke to Faramir ere he rode east.<br>\u2018Do not throw your life away rashly or in bitterness,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018You will be needed here, for other things than war. Your<br>father loves you, Faramir, and will remember it ere the end.<br>Farewell!\u2019<br>So now the Lord Faramir had gone forth again, and had<br>taken with him such strength of men as were willing to go<br>or could be spared. On the walls some gazed through the<br>gloom towards the ruined city, and they wondered what<br>chanced there, for nothing could be seen. And others, as<br>the siege of gondor 1069<br>ever, looked north and counted the leagues to The\u00b4oden in<br>Rohan. \u2018Will he come? Will he remember our old alliance?\u2019<br>they said.<br>\u2018Yes, he will come,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018even if he comes too<br>late. But think! At best the Red Arrow cannot have reached<br>him more than two days ago, and the miles are long from<br>Edoras.\u2019<br>It was night again ere news came. A man rode in haste<br>from the fords, saying that a host had issued from Minas<br>Morgul and was already drawing nigh to Osgiliath; and it<br>had been joined by regiments from the South, Haradrim,<br>cruel and tall. \u2018And we have learned,\u2019 said the messenger,<br>\u2018that the Black Captain leads them once again, and the fear<br>of him has passed before him over the River.\u2019<br>With those ill-boding words the third day closed since<br>Pippin came to Minas Tirith. Few went to rest, for small<br>hope had any now that even Faramir could hold the fords<br>for long.<br>The next day, though the darkness had reached its full and<br>grew no deeper, it weighed heavier on men\u2019s hearts, and<br>a great dread was on them. Ill news came soon again. The<br>passage of Anduin was won by the Enemy. Faramir was<br>retreating to the wall of the Pelennor, rallying his men to the<br>Causeway Forts; but he was ten times outnumbered.<br>\u2018If he wins back at all across the Pelennor, his enemies will<br>be on his heels,\u2019 said the messenger. \u2018They have paid dear<br>for the crossing, but less dearly than we hoped. The plan<br>has been well laid. It is now seen that in secret they have<br>long been building floats and barges in great number in East<br>Osgiliath. They swarmed across like beetles. But it is the<br>Black Captain that defeats us. Few will stand and abide even<br>the rumour of his coming. His own folk quail at him, and<br>they would slay themselves at his bidding.\u2019<br>\u2018Then I am needed there more than here,\u2019 said Gandalf,<br>and rode off at once, and the glimmer of him faded soon<br>1070 the return of the king<br>from sight. And all that night Pippin alone and sleepless stood<br>upon the wall and gazed eastward.<br>The bells of day had scarcely rung out again, a mockery<br>in the unlightened dark, when far away he saw fires spring<br>up, across in the dim spaces where the walls of the Pelennor<br>stood. The watchmen cried aloud, and all men in the City<br>stood to arms. Now ever and anon there was a red flash, and<br>slowly through the heavy air dull rumbles could be heard.<br>\u2018They have taken the wall!\u2019 men cried. \u2018They are blasting<br>breaches in it. They are coming!\u2019<br>\u2018Where is Faramir?\u2019 cried Beregond in dismay. \u2018Say not<br>that he has fallen!\u2019<br>It was Gandalf that brought the first tidings. With a handful<br>of horsemen he came in the middle morning, riding as escort<br>to a line of wains. They were filled with wounded men, all<br>that could be saved from the wreck of the Causeway Forts.<br>At once he went to Denethor. The Lord of the City sat now<br>in a high chamber above the Hall of the White Tower with<br>Pippin at his side; and through the dim windows, north and<br>south and east, he bent his dark eyes, as if to pierce the<br>shadows of doom that ringed him round. Most to the North<br>he looked, and would pause at whiles to listen as if by some<br>ancient art his ears might hear the thunder of hoofs on the<br>plains far away.<br>\u2018Is Faramir come?\u2019 he asked.<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018But he still lived when I left him. Yet<br>he is resolved to stay with the rearguard, lest the retreat over<br>the Pelennor become a rout. He may, perhaps, hold his men<br>together long enough, but I doubt it. He is pitted against a<br>foe too great. For one has come that I feared.\u2019<br>\u2018Not \u2013 the Dark Lord?\u2019 cried Pippin, forgetting his place<br>in his terror.<br>Denethor laughed bitterly. \u2018Nay, not yet, Master Peregrin!<br>He will not come save only to triumph over me when all is<br>won. He uses others as his weapons. So do all great lords, if<br>they are wise, Master Halfling. Or why should I sit here in<br>the siege of gondor 1071<br>my tower and think, and watch, and wait, spending even my<br>sons? For I can still wield a brand.\u2019<br>He stood up and cast open his long black cloak, and behold!<br>he was clad in mail beneath, and girt with a long sword,<br>great-hilted in a sheath of black and silver. \u2018Thus have I<br>walked, and thus now for many years have I slept,\u2019 he said,<br>\u2018lest with age the body should grow soft and timid.\u2019<br>\u2018Yet now under the Lord of Barad-du\u02c6r the most fell of<br>all his captains is already master of your outer walls,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018King of Angmar long ago, Sorcerer, Ringwraith,<br>Lord of the Nazgu\u02c6l, a spear of terror in the hand of Sauron,<br>shadow of despair.\u2019<br>\u2018Then, Mithrandir, you had a foe to match you,\u2019 said<br>Denethor. \u2018For myself, I have long known who is the chief<br>captain of the hosts of the Dark Tower. Is this all that you<br>have returned to say? Or can it be that you have withdrawn<br>because you are overmatched?\u2019<br>Pippin trembled, fearing that Gandalf would be stung to<br>sudden wrath, but his fear was needless. \u2018It might be so,\u2019<br>Gandalf answered softly. \u2018But our trial of strength is not yet<br>come. And if words spoken of old be true, not by the hand<br>of man shall he fall, and hidden from the Wise is the doom<br>that awaits him. However that may be, the Captain of Despair<br>does not press forward, yet. He rules rather according to the<br>wisdom that you have just spoken, from the rear, driving his<br>slaves in madness on before.<br>\u2018Nay, I came rather to guard the hurt men that can yet be<br>healed; for the Rammas is breached far and wide, and soon<br>the host of Morgul will enter in at many points. And I came<br>chiefly to say this. Soon there will be battle on the fields. A<br>sortie must be made ready. Let it be of mounted men. In<br>them lies our brief hope, for in one thing only is the enemy<br>still poorly provided: he has few horsemen.\u2019<br>\u2018And we also have few. Now would the coming of Rohan<br>be in the nick of time,\u2019 said Denethor.<br>\u2018We are likely to see other newcomers first,\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>\u2018Fugitives from Cair Andros have already reached us. The<br>1072 the return of the king<br>isle has fallen. Another army is come from the Black Gate,<br>crossing from the north-east.\u2019<br>\u2018Some have accused you, Mithrandir, of delighting to bear<br>ill news,\u2019 said Denethor, \u2018but to me this is no longer news: it<br>was known to me ere nightfall yesterday. As for the sortie, I<br>had already given thought to it. Let us go down.\u2019<br>Time passed. At length watchers on the walls could see the<br>retreat of the out-companies. Small bands of weary and often<br>wounded men came first with little order; some were running<br>wildly as if pursued. Away to the eastward the distant fires<br>flickered, and now it seemed that here and there they crept<br>across the plain. Houses and barns were burning. Then from<br>many points little rivers of red flame came hurrying on, winding through the gloom, converging towards the line of the<br>broad road that led from the City-gate to Osgiliath.<br>\u2018The enemy,\u2019 men murmured. \u2018The dike is down. Here<br>they come pouring through the breaches! And they carry<br>torches, it seems. Where are our own folk?\u2019<br>It drew now to evening by the hour, and the light was so<br>dim that even far-sighted men upon the Citadel could discern<br>little clearly out upon the fields, save only the burnings that<br>ever multiplied, and the lines of fire that grew in length and<br>speed. At last, less than a mile from the City, a more ordered<br>mass of men came into view, marching not running, still<br>holding together.<br>The watchers held their breath. \u2018Faramir must be there,\u2019<br>they said. \u2018He can govern man and beast. He will make<br>it yet.\u2019<br>Now the main retreat was scarcely two furlongs distant.<br>Out of the gloom behind a small company of horsemen galloped, all that was left of the rearguard. Once again they<br>turned at bay, facing the oncoming lines of fire. Then suddenly there was a tumult of fierce cries. Horsemen of the<br>enemy swept up. The lines of fire became flowing torrents,<br>file upon file of Orcs bearing flames, and wild Southron men<br>the siege of gondor 1073<br>with red banners, shouting with harsh tongues, surging up,<br>overtaking the retreat. And with a piercing cry out of the dim<br>sky fell the winged shadows, the Nazgu\u02c6l stooping to the kill.<br>The retreat became a rout. Already men were breaking<br>away, flying wild and witless here and there, flinging away<br>their weapons, crying out in fear, falling to the ground.<br>And then a trumpet rang from the Citadel, and Denethor<br>at last released the sortie. Drawn up within the shadow of the<br>Gate and under the looming walls outside they had waited<br>for his signal: all the mounted men that were left in the City.<br>Now they sprang forward, formed, quickened to a gallop,<br>and charged with a great shout. And from the walls an<br>answering shout went up; for foremost on the field rode the<br>swan-knights of Dol Amroth with their Prince and his blue<br>banner at their head.<br>\u2018Amroth for Gondor!\u2019 they cried. \u2018Amroth to Faramir!\u2019<br>Like thunder they broke upon the enemy on either flank<br>of the retreat; but one rider outran them all, swift as the wind<br>in the grass: Shadowfax bore him, shining, unveiled once<br>more, a light starting from his upraised hand.<br>The Nazgu\u02c6l screeched and swept away, for their Captain<br>was not yet come to challenge the white fire of his foe. The<br>hosts of Morgul intent on their prey, taken at unawares in<br>wild career, broke, scattering like sparks in a gale. The outcompanies with a great cheer turned and smote their pursuers. Hunters became the hunted. The retreat became an<br>onslaught. The field was strewn with stricken orcs and men,<br>and a reek arose of torches cast away, sputtering out in<br>swirling smoke. The cavalry rode on.<br>But Denethor did not permit them to go far. Though the<br>enemy was checked, and for the moment driven back, great<br>forces were flowing in from the East. Again the trumpet rang,<br>sounding the retreat. The cavalry of Gondor halted. Behind<br>their screen the out-companies re-formed. Now steadily they<br>came marching back. They reached the Gate of the City<br>and entered, stepping proudly; and proudly the people of<br>the City looked on them and cried their praise, and yet they<br>1074 the return of the king<br>were troubled in heart. For the companies were grievously<br>reduced. Faramir had lost a third of his men. And where<br>was he?<br>Last of all he came. His men passed in. The mounted<br>knights returned, and at their rear the banner of Dol Amroth,<br>and the Prince. And in his arms before him on his horse he<br>bore the body of his kinsman, Faramir son of Denethor,<br>found upon the stricken field.<br>\u2018Faramir! Faramir!\u2019 men cried, weeping in the streets. But<br>he did not answer, and they bore him away up the winding<br>road to the Citadel and his father. Even as the Nazgu\u02c6l had<br>swerved aside from the onset of the White Rider, there came<br>flying a deadly dart, and Faramir, as he held at bay a mounted<br>champion of Harad, had fallen to the earth. Only the charge<br>of Dol Amroth had saved him from the red southland swords<br>that would have hewed him as he lay.<br>The Prince Imrahil brought Faramir to the White Tower,<br>and he said: \u2018Your son has returned, lord, after great deeds,\u2019<br>and he told all that he had seen. But Denethor rose and<br>looked on the face of his son and was silent. Then he bade<br>them make a bed in the chamber and lay Faramir upon it<br>and depart. But he himself went up alone into the secret<br>room under the summit of the Tower; and many who looked<br>up thither at that time saw a pale light that gleamed and<br>flickered from the narrow windows for a while, and then<br>flashed and went out. And when Denethor descended again<br>he went to Faramir and sat beside him without speaking,<br>but the face of the Lord was grey, more deathlike than his<br>son\u2019s.<br>So now at last the City was besieged, enclosed in a ring of<br>foes. The Rammas was broken, and all the Pelennor abandoned to the Enemy. The last word to come from outside<br>the walls was brought by men flying down the northward<br>road ere the Gate was shut. They were the remnant of the<br>guard that was kept at that point where the way from Ano\u00b4rien<br>and Rohan ran into the townlands. Ingold led them, the same<br>the siege of gondor 1075<br>who had admitted Gandalf and Pippin less than five days<br>before, while the sun still rose and there was hope in the<br>morning.<br>\u2018There is no news of the Rohirrim,\u2019 he said. \u2018Rohan will<br>not come now. Or if they come, it will not avail us. The new<br>host that we had tidings of has come first, from over the<br>River by way of Andros, it is said. They are strong: battalions<br>of Orcs of the Eye, and countless companies of Men of a<br>new sort that we have not met before. Not tall, but broad and<br>grim, bearded like dwarves, wielding great axes. Out of some<br>savage land in the wide East they come, we deem. They hold<br>the northward road; and many have passed on into Ano\u00b4rien.<br>The Rohirrim cannot come.\u2019<br>The Gate was shut. All night watchmen on the walls heard<br>the rumour of the enemy that roamed outside, burning field<br>and tree, and hewing any man that they found abroad, living<br>or dead. The numbers that had already passed over the River<br>could not be guessed in the darkness, but when morning, or<br>its dim shadow, stole over the plain, it was seen that even<br>fear by night had scarcely over-counted them. The plain was<br>dark with their marching companies, and as far as eyes could<br>strain in the mirk there sprouted, like a foul fungus-growth,<br>all about the beleaguered city great camps of tents, black or<br>sombre red.<br>Busy as ants hurrying orcs were digging, digging lines of<br>deep trenches in a huge ring, just out of bowshot from the<br>walls; and as the trenches were made each was filled with fire,<br>though how it was kindled or fed, by art or devilry, none<br>could see. All day the labour went forward, while the men of<br>Minas Tirith looked on, unable to hinder it. And as each<br>length of trench was completed, they could see great wains<br>approaching; and soon yet more companies of the enemy<br>were swiftly setting up, each behind the cover of a trench,<br>great engines for the casting of missiles. There were none<br>upon the City walls large enough to reach so far or to stay<br>the work.<br>1076 the return of the king<br>At first men laughed and did not greatly fear such devices.<br>For the main wall of the City was of great height and marvellous thickness, built ere the power and craft of Nu\u00b4menor<br>waned in exile; and its outward face was like to the Tower of<br>Orthanc, hard and dark and smooth, unconquerable by steel<br>or fire, unbreakable except by some convulsion that would<br>rend the very earth on which it stood.<br>\u2018Nay,\u2019 they said, \u2018not if the Nameless One himself should<br>come, not even he could enter here while we yet live.\u2019 But<br>some answered: \u2018While we yet live? How long? He has a<br>weapon that has brought low many strong places since the<br>world began. Hunger. The roads are cut. Rohan will not<br>come.\u2019<br>But the engines did not waste shot upon the indomitable<br>wall. It was no brigand or orc-chieftain that ordered the<br>assault upon the Lord of Mordor\u2019s greatest foe. A power and<br>mind of malice guided it. As soon as the great catapults were<br>set, with many yells and the creaking of rope and winch, they<br>began to throw missiles marvellously high, so that they passed<br>right above the battlement and fell thudding within the first<br>circle of the City; and many of them by some secret art burst<br>into flame as they came toppling down.<br>Soon there was great peril of fire behind the wall, and all<br>who could be spared were busy quelling the flames that<br>sprang up in many places. Then among the greater casts<br>there fell another hail, less ruinous but more horrible. All<br>about the streets and lanes behind the Gate it tumbled down,<br>small round shot that did not burn. But when men ran to<br>learn what it might be, they cried aloud or wept. For the<br>enemy was flinging into the City all the heads of those who<br>had fallen fighting at Osgiliath, or on the Rammas, or in the<br>fields. They were grim to look on; for though some were<br>crushed and shapeless, and some had been cruelly hewn, yet<br>many had features that could be told, and it seemed that they<br>had died in pain; and all were branded with the foul token of<br>the Lidless Eye. But marred and dishonoured as they were,<br>it often chanced that thus a man would see again the face of<br>the siege of gondor 1077<br>someone that he had known, who had walked proudly once<br>in arms, or tilled the fields, or ridden in upon a holiday from<br>the green vales in the hills.<br>In vain men shook their fists at the pitiless foes that<br>swarmed before the Gate. Curses they heeded not, nor<br>understood the tongues of western men, crying with harsh<br>voices like beasts and carrion-birds. But soon there were few<br>left in Minas Tirith who had the heart to stand up and defy<br>the hosts of Mordor. For yet another weapon, swifter than<br>hunger, the Lord of the Dark Tower had: dread and despair.<br>The Nazgu\u02c6l came again, and as their Dark Lord now grew<br>and put forth his strength, so their voices, which uttered only<br>his will and his malice, were filled with evil and horror. Ever<br>they circled above the City, like vultures that expect their fill<br>of doomed men\u2019s flesh. Out of sight and shot they flew, and<br>yet were ever present, and their deadly voices rent the air.<br>More unbearable they became, not less, at each new cry. At<br>length even the stout-hearted would fling themselves to the<br>ground as the hidden menace passed over them, or they<br>would stand, letting their weapons fall from nerveless hands<br>while into their minds a blackness came, and they thought<br>no more of war; but only of hiding and of crawling, and of<br>death.<br>During all this black day Faramir lay upon his bed in the<br>chamber of the White Tower, wandering in a desperate fever;<br>dying someone said, and soon \u2018dying\u2019 all men were saying<br>upon the walls and in the streets. And by him his father sat,<br>and said nothing, but watched, and gave no longer any heed<br>to the defence.<br>No hours so dark had Pippin known, not even in the<br>clutches of the Uruk-hai. It was his duty to wait upon the<br>Lord, and wait he did, forgotten it seemed, standing by<br>the door of the unlit chamber, mastering his own fears<br>as best he could. And as he watched, it seemed to him<br>that Denethor grew old before his eyes, as if something<br>had snapped in his proud will, and his stern mind was<br>1078 the return of the king<br>overthrown. Grief maybe had wrought it, and remorse. He<br>saw tears on that once tearless face, more unbearable than<br>wrath.<br>\u2018Do not weep, lord,\u2019 he stammered. \u2018Perhaps he will get<br>well. Have you asked Gandalf ?\u2019<br>\u2018Comfort me not with wizards!\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018The<br>fool\u2019s hope has failed. The Enemy has found it, and now his<br>power waxes; he sees our very thoughts, and all we do is<br>ruinous.<br>\u2018I sent my son forth, unthanked, unblessed, out into needless peril, and here he lies with poison in his veins. Nay, nay,<br>whatever may now betide in war, my line too is ending, even<br>the House of the Stewards has failed. Mean folk shall rule<br>the last remnant of the Kings of Men, lurking in the hills until<br>all are hounded out.\u2019<br>Men came to the door crying for the Lord of the City.<br>\u2018Nay, I will not come down,\u2019 he said. \u2018I must stay beside my<br>son. He might still speak before the end. But that is near.<br>Follow whom you will, even the Grey Fool, though his hope<br>has failed. Here I stay.\u2019<br>So it was that Gandalf took command of the last defence<br>of the City of Gondor. Wherever he came men\u2019s hearts would<br>lift again, and the winged shadows pass from memory. Tirelessly he strode from Citadel to Gate, from north to south<br>about the wall; and with him went the Prince of Dol Amroth<br>in his shining mail. For he and his knights still held themselves<br>like lords in whom the race of Nu\u00b4menor ran true. Men that<br>saw them whispered saying: \u2018Belike the old tales speak well;<br>there is Elvish blood in the veins of that folk, for the people<br>of Nimrodel dwelt in that land once long ago.\u2019 And then<br>one would sing amid the gloom some staves of the Lay of<br>Nimrodel, or other songs of the Vale of Anduin out of<br>vanished years.<br>And yet \u2013 when they had gone, the shadows closed on<br>men again, and their hearts went cold, and the valour of<br>Gondor withered into ash. And so slowly they passed out<br>the siege of gondor 1079<br>of a dim day of fears into the darkness of a desperate<br>night. Fires now raged unchecked in the first circle of the<br>City, and the garrison upon the outer wall was already in<br>many places cut off from retreat. But the faithful who<br>remained there at their posts were few; most had fled beyond<br>the second gate.<br>Far behind the battle the River had been swiftly bridged,<br>and all day more force and gear of war had poured across.<br>Now at last in the middle night the assault was loosed. The<br>vanguard passed through the trenches of fire by many devious paths that had been left between them. On they came,<br>reckless of their loss as they approached, still bunched and<br>herded, within the range of bowmen on the wall. But indeed<br>there were too few now left there to do them great damage,<br>though the light of the fires showed up many a mark for<br>archers of such skill as Gondor once had boasted. Then<br>perceiving that the valour of the City was already beaten<br>down, the hidden Captain put forth his strength. Slowly the<br>great siege-towers built in Osgiliath rolled forward through<br>the dark.<br>Messengers came again to the chamber in the White<br>Tower, and Pippin let them enter, for they were urgent.<br>Denethor turned his head slowly from Faramir\u2019s face, and<br>looked at them silently.<br>\u2018The first circle of the City is burning, lord,\u2019 they said.<br>\u2018What are your commands? You are still the Lord and<br>Steward. Not all will follow Mithrandir. Men are flying from<br>the walls and leaving them unmanned.\u2019<br>\u2018Why? Why do the fools fly?\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018Better to<br>burn sooner than late, for burn we must. Go back to your<br>bonfire! And I? I will go now to my pyre. To my pyre! No<br>tomb for Denethor and Faramir. No tomb! No long slow<br>sleep of death embalmed. We will burn like heathen kings<br>before ever a ship sailed hither from the West. The West has<br>failed. Go back and burn!\u2019<br>1080 the return of the king<br>The messengers without bow or answer turned and fled.<br>Now Denethor stood up and released the fevered hand of<br>Faramir that he had held. \u2018He is burning, already burning,\u2019<br>he said sadly. \u2018The house of his spirit crumbles.\u2019 Then stepping softly towards Pippin he looked down at him.<br>\u2018Farewell!\u2019 he said. \u2018Farewell, Peregrin son of Paladin! Your<br>service has been short, and now it is drawing to an end. I<br>release you from the little that remains. Go now, and die in<br>what way seems best to you. And with whom you will, even<br>that friend whose folly brought you to this death. Send for<br>my servants and then go. Farewell!\u2019<br>\u2018I will not say farewell, my lord,\u2019 said Pippin kneeling. And<br>then suddenly hobbit-like once more, he stood up and looked<br>the old man in the eyes. \u2018I will take your leave, sir,\u2019 he said;<br>\u2018for I want to see Gandalf very much indeed. But he is no<br>fool; and I will not think of dying until he despairs of life.<br>But from my word and your service I do not wish to be<br>released while you live. And if they come at last to the Citadel,<br>I hope to be here and stand beside you and earn perhaps the<br>arms that you have given me.\u2019<br>\u2018Do as you will, Master Halfling,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018But my<br>life is broken. Send for my servants!\u2019 He turned back to<br>Faramir.<br>Pippin left him and called for the servants, and they came:<br>six men of the household, strong and fair; yet they trembled<br>at the summons. But in a quiet voice Denethor bade them<br>lay warm coverlets on Faramir\u2019s bed and take it up. And they<br>did so, and lifting up the bed they bore it from the chamber.<br>Slowly they paced to trouble the fevered man as little as might<br>be, and Denethor, now bending on a staff, followed them;<br>and last came Pippin.<br>Out from the White Tower they walked, as if to a funeral,<br>out into the darkness, where the overhanging cloud was lit<br>beneath with flickers of dull red. Softly they paced the great<br>courtyard, and at a word from Denethor halted beside the<br>Withered Tree.<br>the siege of gondor 1081<br>All was silent, save for the rumour of war in the City down<br>below, and they heard the water dripping sadly from the dead<br>branches into the dark pool. Then they went on through the<br>Citadel gate, where the sentinel stared at them in wonder and<br>dismay as they passed by. Turning westward they came at<br>length to a door in the rearward wall of the sixth circle. Fen<br>Hollen it was called, for it was kept ever shut save at times of<br>funeral, and only the Lord of the City might use that way, or<br>those who bore the token of the tombs and tended the houses<br>of the dead. Beyond it went a winding road that descended<br>in many curves down to the narrow land under the shadow<br>of Mindolluin\u2019s precipice where stood the mansions of the<br>dead Kings and of their Stewards.<br>A porter sat in a little house beside the way, and with fear<br>in his eyes he came forth bearing a lantern in his hand. At<br>the Lord\u2019s command he unlocked the door, and silently it<br>swung back; and they passed through, taking the lantern from<br>his hand. It was dark on the climbing road between ancient<br>walls and many-pillared balusters looming in the swaying<br>lantern-beam. Their slow feet echoed as they walked down,<br>down, until at last they came to the Silent Street, Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen,<br>between pale domes and empty halls and images of men long<br>dead; and they entered into the House of the Stewards and<br>set down their burden.<br>There Pippin, staring uneasily about him, saw that he<br>was in a wide vaulted chamber, draped as it were with the<br>great shadows that the little lantern threw upon its shrouded<br>walls. And dimly to be seen were many rows of tables, carved<br>of marble; and upon each table lay a sleeping form, hands<br>folded, head pillowed upon stone. But one table near at hand<br>stood broad and bare. Upon it at a sign from Denethor they<br>laid Faramir and his father side by side, and covered them<br>with one covering, and stood then with bowed heads as<br>mourners beside a bed of death. Then Denethor spoke in a<br>low voice.<br>\u2018Here we will wait,\u2019 he said. \u2018But send not for the embalmers. Bring us wood quick to burn, and lay it all about us,<br>1082 the return of the king<br>and beneath; and pour oil upon it. And when I bid you thrust<br>in a torch. Do this and speak no more to me. Farewell!\u2019<br>\u2018By your leave, lord!\u2019 said Pippin and turned and fled in<br>terror from the deathly house. \u2018Poor Faramir!\u2019 he thought.<br>\u2018I must find Gandalf. Poor Faramir! Quite likely he needs<br>medicine more than tears. Oh, where can I find Gandalf ? In<br>the thick of things, I suppose; and he will have no time to<br>spare for dying men or madmen.\u2019<br>At the door he turned to one of the servants who had<br>remained on guard there. \u2018Your master is not himself,\u2019 he<br>said. \u2018Go slow! Bring no fire to this place while Faramir lives!<br>Do nothing until Gandalf comes!\u2019<br>\u2018Who is the master of Minas Tirith?\u2019 the man answered.<br>\u2018The Lord Denethor or the Grey Wanderer?\u2019<br>\u2018The Grey Wanderer or no one, it would seem,\u2019 said<br>Pippin, and he sped back and up the winding way as swiftly<br>as his feet would carry him, past the astonished porter,<br>out through the door, and on, till he came near the gate of<br>the Citadel. The sentinel hailed him as he went by, and he<br>recognized the voice of Beregond.<br>\u2018Whither do you run, Master Peregrin?\u2019 he cried.<br>\u2018To find Mithrandir,\u2019 Pippin answered.<br>\u2018The Lord\u2019s errands are urgent and should not be hindered<br>by me,\u2019 said Beregond; \u2018but tell me quickly, if you may: what<br>goes forward? Whither has my Lord gone? I have just come<br>on duty, but I heard that he passed towards the Closed Door,<br>and men were bearing Faramir before him.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018to the Silent Street.\u2019<br>Beregond bowed his head to hide his tears. \u2018They said that<br>he was dying,\u2019 he sighed, \u2018and now he is dead.\u2019<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018not yet. And even now his death might<br>be prevented, I think. But the Lord of the City, Beregond,<br>has fallen before his city is taken. He is fey and dangerous.\u2019<br>Quickly he told of Denethor\u2019s strange words and deeds. \u2018I<br>must find Gandalf at once.\u2019<br>\u2018Then you must go down to the battle.\u2019<br>\u2018I know. The Lord has given me leave. But, Beregond, if<br>the siege of gondor 1083<br>you can, do something to stop any dreadful thing happening.\u2019<br>\u2018The Lord does not permit those who wear the black and<br>silver to leave their post for any cause, save at his own<br>command.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, you must choose between orders and the life of<br>Faramir,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018And as for orders, I think you have a<br>madman to deal with, not a lord. I must run. I will return if<br>I can.\u2019<br>He ran on, down, down towards the outer city. Men flying<br>back from the burning passed him, and some seeing his livery<br>turned and shouted, but he paid no heed. At last he was<br>through the Second Gate, beyond which great fires leaped<br>up between the walls. Yet it seemed strangely silent. No noise<br>or shouts of battle or din of arms could be heard. Then<br>suddenly there was a dreadful cry and a great shock, and a<br>deep echoing boom. Forcing himself on against a gust of fear<br>and horror that shook him almost to his knees, Pippin turned<br>a corner opening on the wide place behind the City Gate. He<br>stopped dead. He had found Gandalf; but he shrank back,<br>cowering into a shadow.<br>Ever since the middle night the great assault had gone<br>on. The drums rolled. To the north and to the south company upon company of the enemy pressed to the walls. There<br>came great beasts, like moving houses in the red and fitful<br>light, the mu\u02c6makil of the Harad dragging through the lanes<br>amid the fires huge towers and engines. Yet their Captain<br>cared not greatly what they did or how many might be<br>slain: their purpose was only to test the strength of the defence and to keep the men of Gondor busy in many places.<br>It was against the Gate that he would throw his heaviest<br>weight. Very strong it might be, wrought of steel and iron,<br>and guarded with towers and bastions of indomitable stone,<br>yet it was the key, the weakest point in all that high and<br>impenetrable wall.<br>The drums rolled louder. Fires leaped up. Great engines<br>crawled across the field; and in the midst was a huge ram,<br>1084 the return of the king<br>great as a forest-tree a hundred feet in length, swinging on<br>mighty chains. Long had it been forging in the dark smithies<br>of Mordor, and its hideous head, founded of black steel, was<br>shaped in the likeness of a ravening wolf; on it spells of ruin<br>lay. Grond they named it, in memory of the Hammer of the<br>Underworld of old. Great beasts drew it, orcs surrounded it,<br>and behind walked mountain-trolls to wield it.<br>But about the Gate resistance still was stout, and there the<br>knights of Dol Amroth and the hardiest of the garrison stood<br>at bay. Shot and dart fell thick; siege-towers crashed or blazed<br>suddenly like torches. All before the walls on either side of<br>the Gate the ground was choked with wreck and with bodies<br>of the slain; yet still driven as by a madness more and more<br>came up.<br>Grond crawled on. Upon its housing no fire would catch;<br>and though now and again some great beast that hauled it<br>would go mad and spread stamping ruin among the orcs<br>innumerable that guarded it, their bodies were cast aside from<br>its path and others took their place.<br>Grond crawled on. The drums rolled wildly. Over the hills<br>of slain a hideous shape appeared: a horseman, tall, hooded,<br>cloaked in black. Slowly, trampling the fallen, he rode forth,<br>heeding no longer any dart. He halted and held up a long<br>pale sword. And as he did so a great fear fell on all, defender<br>and foe alike; and the hands of men drooped to their sides,<br>and no bow sang. For a moment all was still.<br>The drums rolled and rattled. With a vast rush Grond<br>was hurled forward by huge hands. It reached the Gate. It<br>swung. A deep boom rumbled through the City like thunder<br>running in the clouds. But the doors of iron and posts of steel<br>withstood the stroke.<br>Then the Black Captain rose in his stirrups and cried aloud<br>in a dreadful voice, speaking in some forgotten tongue words<br>of power and terror to rend both heart and stone.<br>Thrice he cried. Thrice the great ram boomed. And suddenly upon the last stroke the Gate of Gondor broke. As if<br>stricken by some blasting spell it burst asunder: there was a<br>the siege of gondor 1085<br>flash of searing lightning, and the doors tumbled in riven<br>fragments to the ground.<br>In rode the Lord of the Nazgu\u02c6l. A great black shape against<br>the fires beyond he loomed up, grown to a vast menace of<br>despair. In rode the Lord of the Nazgu\u02c6l, under the archway<br>that no enemy ever yet had passed, and all fled before his<br>face.<br>All save one. There waiting, silent and still in the space<br>before the Gate, sat Gandalf upon Shadowfax: Shadowfax<br>who alone among the free horses of the earth endured the<br>terror, unmoving, steadfast as a graven image in Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen.<br>\u2018You cannot enter here,\u2019 said Gandalf, and the huge<br>shadow halted. \u2018Go back to the abyss prepared for you! Go<br>back! Fall into the nothingness that awaits you and your<br>Master. Go!\u2019<br>The Black Rider flung back his hood, and behold! he had<br>a kingly crown; and yet upon no head visible was it set. The<br>red fires shone between it and the mantled shoulders vast and<br>dark. From a mouth unseen there came a deadly laughter.<br>\u2018Old fool!\u2019 he said. \u2018Old fool! This is my hour. Do you not<br>know Death when you see it? Die now and curse in vain!\u2019<br>And with that he lifted high his sword and flames ran down<br>the blade.<br>Gandalf did not move. And in that very moment, away<br>behind in some courtyard of the City, a cock crowed. Shrill<br>and clear he crowed, recking nothing of wizardry or war,<br>welcoming only the morning that in the sky far above the<br>shadows of death was coming with the dawn.<br>And as if in answer there came from far away another note.<br>Horns, horns, horns. In dark Mindolluin\u2019s sides they dimly<br>echoed. Great horns of the North wildly blowing. Rohan had<br>come at last.<br>Chapter 5<br>THE RIDE OF THE ROHIRRIM<br>It was dark and Merry could see nothing as he lay on the<br>ground rolled in a blanket; yet though the night was airless<br>and windless, all about him hidden trees were sighing softly.<br>He lifted his head. Then he heard it again: a sound like faint<br>drums in the wooded hills and mountain-steps. The throb<br>would cease suddenly and then be taken up again at some<br>other point, now nearer, now further off. He wondered if the<br>watchmen had heard it.<br>He could not see them, but he knew that all round him<br>were the companies of the Rohirrim. He could smell the<br>horses in the dark, and could hear their shiftings and their<br>soft stamping on the needle-covered ground. The host was<br>bivouacked in the pine-woods that clustered about Eilenach<br>Beacon, a tall hill standing up from the long ridges of the<br>Dru\u00b4adan Forest that lay beside the great road in East Ano\u00b4rien.<br>Tired as he was Merry could not sleep. He had ridden now<br>for four days on end, and the ever-deepening gloom had<br>slowly weighed down his heart. He began to wonder why he<br>had been so eager to come, when he had been given every<br>excuse, even his lord\u2019s command, to stay behind. He wondered, too, if the old King knew that he had been disobeyed<br>and was angry. Perhaps not. There seemed to be some understanding between Dernhelm and Elfhelm, the Marshal who<br>commanded the e\u00b4ored in which they were riding. He and all<br>his men ignored Merry and pretended not to hear if he spoke.<br>He might have been just another bag that Dernhelm was<br>carrying. Dernhelm was no comfort: he never spoke to anyone. Merry felt small, unwanted, and lonely. Now the time<br>was anxious, and the host was in peril. They were less than<br>a day\u2019s ride from the out-walls of Minas Tirith that encircled<br>the ride of the rohirrim 1087<br>the townlands. Scouts had been sent ahead. Some had not<br>returned. Others hastening back had reported that the road<br>was held in force against them. A host of the enemy was<br>encamped upon it, three miles west of Amon D\u0131\u02c6n, and some<br>strength of men was already thrusting along the road and was<br>no more than three leagues away. Orcs were roving in the<br>hills and woods along the roadside. The king and E\u00b4 omer held<br>council in the watches of the night.<br>Merry wanted somebody to talk to, and he thought of<br>Pippin. But that only increased his restlessness. Poor Pippin,<br>shut up in the great city of stone, lonely and afraid. Merry<br>wished he was a tall Rider like E\u00b4 omer and could blow a horn<br>or something and go galloping to his rescue. He sat up,<br>listening to the drums that were beating again, now nearer at<br>hand. Presently he heard voices speaking low, and he saw<br>dim half-shrouded lanterns passing through the trees. Men<br>nearby began to move uncertainly in the dark.<br>A tall figure loomed up and stumbled over him, cursing the<br>tree-roots. He recognized the voice of Elfhelm the Marshal.<br>\u2018I am not a tree-root, Sir,\u2019 he said, \u2018nor a bag, but a bruised<br>hobbit. The least you can do in amends is to tell me what is<br>afoot.\u2019<br>\u2018Anything that can keep so in this devil\u2019s mirk,\u2019 answered<br>Elfhelm. \u2018But my lord sends word that we must set ourselves<br>in readiness: orders may come for a sudden move.\u2019<br>\u2018Is the enemy coming then?\u2019 asked Merry anxiously. \u2018Are<br>those their drums? I began to think I was imagining them, as<br>no one else seemed to take any notice of them.\u2019<br>\u2018Nay, nay,\u2019 said Elfhelm, \u2018the enemy is on the road not in<br>the hills. You hear the Woses, the Wild Men of the Woods:<br>thus they talk together from afar. They still haunt Dru\u00b4adan<br>Forest, it is said. Remnants of an older time they be, living<br>few and secretly, wild and wary as the beasts. They go not<br>to war with Gondor or the Mark; but now they are troubled<br>by the darkness and the coming of the orcs: they fear lest the<br>Dark Years be returning, as seems likely enough. Let us be<br>thankful that they are not hunting us: for they use poisoned<br>1088 the return of the king<br>arrows, it is said, and they are woodcrafty beyond compare.<br>But they have offered their services to The\u00b4oden. Even now<br>one of their headmen is being taken to the king. Yonder go<br>the lights. So much I have heard but no more. And now I<br>must busy myself with my lord\u2019s commands. Pack yourself<br>up, Master Bag!\u2019 He vanished into the shadows.<br>Merry did not like this talk of wild men and poisoned<br>darts, but quite apart from that a great weight of dread was<br>on him. Waiting was unbearable. He longed to know what<br>was going to happen. He got up and soon was walking warily<br>in pursuit of the last lantern before it disappeared among the<br>trees.<br>Presently he came to an open space where a small tent had<br>been set up for the king under a great tree. A large lantern,<br>covered above, was hanging from a bough and cast a pale<br>circle of light below. There sat The\u00b4oden and E\u00b4 omer, and<br>before them on the ground sat a strange squat shape of a<br>man, gnarled as an old stone, and the hairs of his scanty<br>beard straggled on his lumpy chin like dry moss. He was<br>short-legged and fat-armed, thick and stumpy, and clad<br>only with grass about his waist. Merry felt that he had seen<br>him before somewhere, and suddenly he remembered the<br>Pu\u00b4kel-men of Dunharrow. Here was one of those old images<br>brought to life, or maybe a creature descended in true line<br>through endless years from the models used by the forgotten<br>craftsmen long ago.<br>There was a silence as Merry crept nearer, and then the<br>Wild Man began to speak, in answer to some question, it<br>seemed. His voice was deep and guttural, yet to Merry\u2019s<br>surprise he spoke the Common Speech, though in a halting<br>fashion, and uncouth words were mingled with it.<br>\u2018No, father of Horse-men,\u2019 he said, \u2018we fight not. Hunt<br>only. Kill gorgu\u02c6n in woods, hate orc-folk. You hate gorgu\u02c6n<br>too. We help as we can. Wild Men have long ears and long<br>eyes; know all paths. Wild Men live here before Stone-houses;<br>before Tall Men come up out of Water.\u2019<br>the ride of the rohirrim 1089<br>\u2018But our need is for aid in battle,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018How will<br>you and your folk help us?\u2019<br>\u2018Bring news,\u2019 said the Wild Man. \u2018We look out from hills.<br>We climb big mountain and look down. Stone-city is shut.<br>Fire burns there outside; now inside too. You wish to come<br>there? Then you must be quick. But gorgu\u02c6n and men out of<br>far-away,\u2019 he waved a short gnarled arm eastward, \u2018sit on<br>horse-road. Very many, more than Horse-men.\u2019<br>\u2018How do you know that?\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer.<br>The old man\u2019s flat face and dark eyes showed nothing, but<br>his voice was sullen with displeasure. \u2018Wild Men are wild,<br>free, but not children,\u2019 he answered. \u2018I am great headman,<br>Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n. I count many things: stars in sky, leaves<br>on trees, men in the dark. You have a score of scores counted<br>ten times and five. They have more. Big fight, and who will<br>win? And many more walk round walls of Stone-houses.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas! he speaks all too shrewdly,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018And our<br>scouts say that they have cast trenches and stakes across the<br>road. We cannot sweep them away in sudden onset.\u2019<br>\u2018And yet we need great haste,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Mundburg is<br>on fire!\u2019<br>\u2018Let Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n finish!\u2019 said the Wild Man. \u2018More<br>than one road he knows. He will lead you by road where no<br>pits are, no gorgu\u02c6n walk, only Wild Men and beasts. Many<br>paths were made when Stonehouse-folk were stronger. They<br>carved hills as hunters carve beast-flesh. Wild Men think they<br>ate stone for food. They went through Dru\u00b4adan to Rimmon<br>with great wains. They go no longer. Road is forgotten, but<br>not by Wild Men. Over hill and behind hill it lies still under<br>grass and tree, there behind Rimmon and down to D\u0131\u02c6n, and<br>back at the end to Horse-men\u2019s road. Wild Men will show<br>you that road. Then you will kill gorgu\u02c6n and drive away bad<br>dark with bright iron, and Wild Men can go back to sleep in<br>the wild woods.\u2019<br>E\u00b4 omer and the king spoke together in their own tongue.<br>At length The\u00b4oden turned to the Wild Man. \u2018We will receive<br>your offer,\u2019 he said. \u2018For though we leave a host of foes<br>1090 the return of the king<br>behind, what matter? If the Stone-city falls, then we shall<br>have no returning. If it is saved, then the orc-host itself will<br>be cut off. If you are faithful, Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n, then we will<br>give you rich reward, and you shall have the friendship of the<br>Mark for ever.\u2019<br>\u2018Dead men are not friends to living men, and give them no<br>gifts,\u2019 said the Wild Man. \u2018But if you live after the Darkness,<br>then leave Wild Men alone in the woods and do not hunt<br>them like beasts any more. Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n will not lead you<br>into trap. He will go himself with father of Horse-men, and<br>if he leads you wrong, you will kill him.\u2019<br>\u2018So be it!\u2019 said The\u00b4oden.<br>\u2018How long will it take to pass by the enemy and come back<br>to the road?\u2019 asked E\u00b4 omer. \u2018We must go at foot-pace, if you<br>guide us; and I doubt not the way is narrow.\u2019<br>\u2018Wild Men go quick on feet,\u2019 said Gha\u02c6n. \u2018Way is wide for<br>four horses in Stonewain Valley yonder,\u2019 he waved his hand<br>southwards; \u2018but narrow at beginning and at end. Wild Man<br>could walk from here to D\u0131\u02c6n between sunrise and noon.\u2019<br>\u2018Then we must allow at least seven hours for the leaders,\u2019<br>said E\u00b4 omer; \u2018but we must reckon rather on some ten hours<br>for all. Things unforeseen may hinder us, and if our host is<br>all strung out, it will be long ere it can be set in order when<br>we issue from the hills. What is the hour now?\u2019<br>\u2018Who knows?\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018All is night now.\u2019<br>\u2018It is all dark, but it is not all night,\u2019 said Gha\u02c6n. \u2018When Sun<br>comes we feel her, even when she is hidden. Already she climbs<br>over East-mountains. It is the opening of day in the sky-fields.\u2019<br>\u2018Then we must set out as soon as may be,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer.<br>\u2018Even so we cannot hope to come to Gondor\u2019s aid today.\u2019<br>Merry waited to hear no more, but slipped away to get<br>ready for the summons to the march. This was the last stage<br>before the battle. It did not seem likely to him that many of<br>them would survive it. But he thought of Pippin and the<br>flames in Minas Tirith and thrust down his own dread.<br>All went well that day, and no sight or sound had they of<br>the ride of the rohirrim 1091<br>the enemy waiting to waylay them. The Wild Men had put<br>out a screen of wary hunters, so that no orc or roving spy<br>should learn of the movements in the hills. The light was<br>more dim than ever as they drew nearer to the beleaguered<br>city, and the Riders passed in long files like dark shadows of<br>men and horses. Each company was guided by a wild woodman; but old Gha\u02c6n walked beside the king. The start had<br>been slower than was hoped, for it had taken time for the<br>Riders, walking and leading their horses, to find paths over<br>the thickly wooded ridges behind their camp and down into<br>the hidden Stonewain Valley. It was late in the afternoon<br>when the leaders came to wide grey thickets stretching beyond the eastward side of Amon D\u0131\u02c6n, and masking a great<br>gap in the line of hills that from Nardol to D\u0131\u02c6n ran east and<br>west. Through the gap the forgotten wain-road long ago<br>had run down, back into the main horse-way from the City<br>through Ano\u00b4rien; but now for many lives of men trees<br>had had their way with it, and it had vanished, broken and<br>buried under the leaves of uncounted years. But the thickets<br>offered to the Riders their last hope of cover before they<br>went into open battle; for beyond them lay the road and the<br>plains of Anduin, while east and southwards the slopes were<br>bare and rocky, as the writhen hills gathered themselves<br>together and climbed up, bastion upon bastion, into the great<br>mass and shoulders of Mindolluin.<br>The leading company was halted, and as those behind filed<br>up out of the trough of the Stonewain Valley they spread out<br>and passed to camping-places under the grey trees. The king<br>summoned the captains to council. E\u00b4 omer sent out scouts to<br>spy upon the road; but old Gha\u02c6n shook his head.<br>\u2018No good to send Horse-men,\u2019 he said. \u2018Wild Men have<br>already seen all that can be seen in the bad air. They will<br>come soon and speak to me here.\u2019<br>The captains came; and then out of the trees crept warily<br>other pu\u00b4kel-shapes so like old Gha\u02c6n that Merry could hardly<br>tell them apart. They spoke to Gha\u02c6n in a strange throaty<br>language.<br>1092 the return of the king<br>Presently Gha\u02c6n turned to the king. \u2018Wild Men say many<br>things,\u2019 he said. \u2018First, be wary! Still many men in camp<br>beyond D\u0131\u02c6n, an hour\u2019s walk yonder,\u2019 he waved his arm west<br>towards the black beacon. \u2018But none to see between here and<br>Stone-folk\u2019s new walls. Many busy there. Walls stand up no<br>longer: gorgu\u02c6n knock them down with earth-thunder and with<br>clubs of black iron. They are unwary and do not look about<br>them. They think their friends watch all roads!\u2019 At that old<br>Gha\u02c6n made a curious gurgling noise, and it seemed that he<br>was laughing.<br>\u2018Good tidings!\u2019 cried E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Even in this gloom hope<br>gleams again. Our Enemy\u2019s devices oft serve us in his despite.<br>The accursed darkness itself has been a cloak to us. And<br>now, lusting to destroy Gondor and throw it down stone<br>from stone, his orcs have taken away my greatest fear. The<br>out-wall could have been held long against us. Now we can<br>sweep through \u2013 if once we win so far.\u2019<br>\u2018Once again I thank you, Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n of the woods,\u2019<br>said The\u00b4oden. \u2018Good fortune go with you for tidings and for<br>guidance!\u2019<br>\u2018Kill gorgu\u02c6n! Kill orc-folk! No other words please Wild<br>Men,\u2019 answered Gha\u02c6n. \u2018Drive away bad air and darkness<br>with bright iron!\u2019<br>\u2018To do these things we have ridden far,\u2019 said the king,<br>\u2018and we shall attempt them. But what we shall achieve only<br>tomorrow will show.\u2019<br>Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n squatted down and touched the earth<br>with his horny brow in token of farewell. Then he got up as<br>if to depart. But suddenly he stood looking up like some<br>startled woodland animal snuffling a strange air. A light came<br>in his eyes.<br>\u2018Wind is changing!\u2019 he cried, and with that, in a twinkling<br>as it seemed, he and his fellows had vanished into the glooms,<br>never to be seen by any Rider of Rohan again. Not long after<br>far away eastward the faint drums throbbed again. Yet to no<br>heart in all the host came any fear that the Wild Men were<br>unfaithful, strange and unlovely though they might appear.<br>the ride of the rohirrim 1093<br>\u2018We need no further guidance,\u2019 said Elfhelm; \u2018for there are<br>riders in the host who have ridden down to Mundburg in<br>days of peace. I for one. When we come to the road it will<br>veer south, and there will lie before us still seven leagues ere<br>we reach the wall of the townlands. Along most of that way<br>there is much grass on either side of the road. On that stretch<br>the errand-riders of Gondor reckoned to make their greatest<br>speed. We may ride it swiftly and without great rumour.\u2019<br>\u2018Then since we must look for fell deeds and the need of all<br>our strength,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer, \u2018I counsel that we rest now, and<br>set out hence by night, and so time our going that we come<br>upon the fields when tomorrow is as light as it will be, or<br>when our lord gives the signal.\u2019<br>To this the king assented, and the captains departed. But<br>soon Elfhelm returned. \u2018The scouts have found naught to<br>report beyond the Grey Wood, lord,\u2019 he said, \u2018save two men<br>only: two dead men and two dead horses.\u2019<br>\u2018Well?\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018What of it?\u2019<br>\u2018This, lord: they were errand-riders of Gondor; Hirgon<br>was one maybe. At least his hand still clasped the Red Arrow,<br>but his head was hewn off. And this also: it would seem by<br>the signs that they were fleeing westward when they fell. As I<br>read it, they found the enemy already on the out-wall, or<br>assailing it, when they returned \u2013 and that would be two<br>nights ago, if they used fresh horses from the posts, as is their<br>wont. They could not reach the City and turned back.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas!\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. \u2018Then Denethor has heard no news<br>of our riding and will despair of our coming.\u2019<br>\u2018Need brooks no delay, yet late is better than never,\u2019 said<br>E\u00b4 omer. \u2018And mayhap in this time shall the old saw be proved<br>truer than ever before since men spoke with mouth.\u2019<br>It was night. On either side of the road the host of Rohan<br>was moving silently. Now the road passing about the skirts of<br>Mindolluin turned southward. Far away and almost straight<br>ahead there was a red glow under the black sky and the sides<br>of the great mountain loomed dark against it. They were<br>1094 the return of the king<br>drawing near the Rammas of the Pelennor; but the day was<br>not yet come.<br>The king rode in the midst of the leading company, his<br>household-men about him. Elfhelm\u2019s e\u00b4ored came next; and<br>now Merry noticed that Dernhelm had left his place and in<br>the darkness was moving steadily forward, until at last he was<br>riding just in rear of the king\u2019s guard. There came a check.<br>Merry heard voices in front speaking softly. Out-riders had<br>come back who had ventured forward almost to the wall.<br>They came to the king.<br>\u2018There are great fires, lord,\u2019 said one. \u2018The City is all set<br>about with flame, and the field is full of foes. But all seem<br>drawn off to the assault. As well as we could guess, there are<br>few left upon the out-wall, and they are heedless, busy in<br>destruction.\u2019<br>\u2018Do you remember the Wild Man\u2019s words, lord?\u2019 said<br>another. \u2018I live upon the open Wold in days of peace; W\u0131\u00b4dfara<br>is my name, and to me also the air brings messages. Already<br>the wind is turning. There comes a breath out of the South;<br>there is a sea-tang in it, faint though it be. The morning will<br>bring new things. Above the reek it will be dawn when you<br>pass the wall.\u2019<br>\u2018If you speak truly, W\u0131\u00b4dfara, then may you live beyond this<br>day in years of blessedness!\u2019 said The\u00b4oden. He turned to the<br>men of his household who were near, and he spoke now in a<br>clear voice so that many also of the riders of the first e\u00b4ored<br>heard him:<br>\u2018Now is the hour come, Riders of the Mark, sons of<br>Eorl! Foes and fire are before you, and your homes far<br>behind. Yet, though you fight upon an alien field, the glory<br>that you reap there shall be your own for ever. Oaths ye have<br>taken: now fulfil them all, to lord and land and league of<br>friendship!\u2019<br>Men clashed spear upon shield.<br>\u2018E\u00b4 omer, my son! You lead the first e\u00b4ored,\u2019 said The\u00b4oden;<br>\u2018and it shall go behind the king\u2019s banner in the centre.<br>Elfhelm, lead your company to the right when we pass the<br>the ride of the rohirrim 1095<br>wall. And Grimbold shall lead his towards the left. Let the<br>other companies behind follow these three that lead, as they<br>have chance. Strike wherever the enemy gathers. Other plans<br>we cannot make, for we know not yet how things stand upon<br>the field. Forth now, and fear no darkness!\u2019<br>The leading company rode off as swiftly as they could,<br>for it was still deep dark, whatever change W\u0131\u00b4dfara might<br>forebode. Merry was riding behind Dernhelm, clutching with<br>the left hand while with the other he tried to loosen his sword<br>in its sheath. He felt now bitterly the truth of the old king\u2019s<br>words: in such a battle what would you do, Meriadoc? Just this,\u2019<br>he thought: \u2018encumber a rider, and hope at best to stay in my<br>seat and not be pounded to death by galloping hoofs!\u2019<br>It was no more than a league to where the out-walls had<br>stood. They soon reached them; too soon for Merry. Wild<br>cries broke out, and there was some clash of arms, but it was<br>brief. The orcs busy about the walls were few and amazed,<br>and they were quickly slain or driven off. Before the ruin of<br>the north-gate in the Rammas the king halted again. The first<br>e\u00b4ored drew up behind him and about him on either side.<br>Dernhelm kept close to the king, though Elfhelm\u2019s company<br>was away on the right. Grimbold\u2019s men turned aside and<br>passed round to a great gap in the wall further eastward.<br>Merry peered from behind Dernhelm\u2019s back. Far away,<br>maybe ten miles or more, there was a great burning, but<br>between it and the Riders lines of fire blazed in a vast crescent,<br>at the nearest point less than a league distant. He could make<br>out little more on the dark plain, and as yet he neither saw any<br>hope of morning, nor felt any wind, changed or unchanged.<br>Now silently the host of Rohan moved forward into the<br>field of Gondor, pouring in slowly but steadily, like the rising<br>tide through breaches in a dike that men have thought secure.<br>But the mind and will of the Black Captain were bent wholly<br>on the falling city, and as yet no tidings came to him warning<br>that his designs held any flaw.<br>1096 the return of the king<br>After a while the king led his men away somewhat eastward, to come between the fires of the siege and the outer<br>fields. Still they were unchallenged, and still The\u00b4oden gave<br>no signal. At last he halted once again. The City was now<br>nearer. A smell of burning was in the air and a very shadow<br>of death. The horses were uneasy. But the king sat upon<br>Snowmane, motionless, gazing upon the agony of Minas<br>Tirith, as if stricken suddenly by anguish, or by dread. He<br>seemed to shrink down, cowed by age. Merry himself felt as<br>if a great weight of horror and doubt had settled on him. His<br>heart beat slowly. Time seemed poised in uncertainty. They<br>were too late! Too late was worse than never! Perhaps<br>The\u00b4oden would quail, bow his old head, turn, slink away to<br>hide in the hills.<br>Then suddenly Merry felt it at last, beyond doubt: a<br>change. Wind was in his face! Light was glimmering. Far, far<br>away, in the South the clouds could be dimly seen as remote<br>grey shapes, rolling up, drifting: morning lay beyond them.<br>But at that same moment there was a flash, as if lightning<br>had sprung from the earth beneath the City. For a searing<br>second it stood dazzling far off in black and white, its topmost<br>tower like a glittering needle; and then as the darkness closed<br>again there came rolling over the fields a great boom.<br>At that sound the bent shape of the king sprang suddenly<br>erect. Tall and proud he seemed again; and rising in his<br>stirrups he cried in a loud voice, more clear than any there<br>had ever heard a mortal man achieve before:<br>Arise, arise, Riders of The\u00b4oden!<br>Fell deeds awake: fire and slaughter!<br>spear shall be shaken, shield be splintered,<br>a sword-day, a red day, ere the sun rises!<br>Ride now, ride now! Ride to Gondor!<br>With that he seized a great horn from Guthla\u00b4f his bannerbearer, and he blew such a blast upon it that it burst asunder.<br>the ride of the rohirrim 1097<br>And straightway all the horns in the host were lifted up in<br>music, and the blowing of the horns of Rohan in that hour<br>was like a storm upon the plain and a thunder in the<br>mountains.<br>Ride now, ride now! Ride to Gondor!<br>Suddenly the king cried to Snowmane and the horse sprang<br>away. Behind him his banner blew in the wind, white horse<br>upon a field of green, but he outpaced it. After him thundered<br>the knights of his house, but he was ever before them. E\u00b4 omer<br>rode there, the white horsetail on his helm floating in his<br>speed, and the front of the first e\u00b4ored roared like a breaker<br>foaming to the shore, but The\u00b4oden could not be overtaken.<br>Fey he seemed, or the battle-fury of his fathers ran like new<br>fire in his veins, and he was borne up on Snowmane like a<br>god of old, even as Orome\u00a8 the Great in the battle of the Valar<br>when the world was young. His golden shield was uncovered,<br>and lo! it shone like an image of the Sun, and the grass flamed<br>into green about the white feet of his steed. For morning<br>came, morning and a wind from the sea; and darkness was<br>removed, and the hosts of Mordor wailed, and terror took<br>them, and they fled, and died, and the hoofs of wrath rode<br>over them. And then all the host of Rohan burst into song,<br>and they sang as they slew, for the joy of battle was on them,<br>and the sound of their singing that was fair and terrible came<br>even to the City.<br>Chapter 6<br>THE BATTLE OF THE<br>PELENNOR FIELDS<br>But it was no orc-chieftain or brigand that led the assault<br>upon Gondor. The darkness was breaking too soon, before<br>the date that his Master had set for it: fortune had betrayed<br>him for the moment, and the world had turned against him;<br>victory was slipping from his grasp even as he stretched out<br>his hand to seize it. But his arm was long. He was still in<br>command, wielding great powers. King, Ringwraith, Lord of<br>the Nazgu\u02c6l, he had many weapons. He left the Gate and<br>vanished.<br>The\u00b4oden King of the Mark had reached the road from the<br>Gate to the River, and he turned towards the City that was<br>now less than a mile distant. He slackened his speed a little,<br>seeking new foes, and his knights came about him, and<br>Dernhelm was with them. Ahead nearer the walls Elfhelm\u2019s<br>men were among the siege-engines, hewing, slaying, driving<br>their foes into the fire-pits. Well nigh all the northern half of<br>the Pelennor was overrun, and there camps were blazing,<br>orcs were flying towards the River like herds before the hunters; and the Rohirrim went hither and thither at their will.<br>But they had not yet overthrown the siege, nor won the Gate.<br>Many foes stood before it, and on the further half of the plain<br>were other hosts still unfought. Southward beyond the road<br>lay the main force of the Haradrim, and there their horsemen<br>were gathered about the standard of their chieftain. And he<br>looked out, and in the growing light he saw the banner of the<br>king, and that it was far ahead of the battle with few men<br>about it. Then he was filled with a red wrath and shouted<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1099<br>aloud, and displaying his standard, black serpent upon scarlet, he came against the white horse and the green with great<br>press of men; and the drawing of the scimitars of the<br>Southrons was like a glitter of stars.<br>Then The\u00b4oden was aware of him, and would not wait for<br>his onset, but crying to Snowmane he charged headlong to<br>greet him. Great was the clash of their meeting. But the white<br>fury of the Northmen burned the hotter, and more skilled<br>was their knighthood with long spears and bitter. Fewer were<br>they but they clove through the Southrons like a fire-bolt in<br>a forest. Right through the press drove The\u00b4oden Thengel\u2019s<br>son, and his spear was shivered as he threw down their chieftain. Out swept his sword, and he spurred to the standard,<br>hewed staff and bearer; and the black serpent foundered.<br>Then all that was left unslain of their cavalry turned and fled<br>far away.<br>But lo! suddenly in the midst of the glory of the king his<br>golden shield was dimmed. The new morning was blotted<br>from the sky. Dark fell about him. Horses reared and<br>screamed. Men cast from the saddle lay grovelling on the<br>ground.<br>\u2018To me! To me!\u2019 cried The\u00b4oden. \u2018Up Eorlingas! Fear no<br>darkness!\u2019 But Snowmane wild with terror stood up on high,<br>fighting with the air, and then with a great scream he crashed<br>upon his side: a black dart had pierced him. The king fell<br>beneath him.<br>The great shadow descended like a falling cloud. And<br>behold! it was a winged creature: if bird, then greater than all<br>other birds, and it was naked, and neither quill nor feather<br>did it bear, and its vast pinions were as webs of hide between<br>horned fingers; and it stank. A creature of an older world<br>maybe it was, whose kind, lingering in forgotten mountains<br>cold beneath the Moon, outstayed their day, and in hideous<br>eyrie bred this last untimely brood, apt to evil. And the Dark<br>Lord took it, and nursed it with fell meats, until it grew<br>beyond the measure of all other things that fly; and he gave<br>1100 the return of the king<br>it to his servant to be his steed. Down, down it came, and<br>then, folding its fingered webs, it gave a croaking cry, and<br>settled upon the body of Snowmane, digging in its claws,<br>stooping its long naked neck.<br>Upon it sat a shape, black-mantled, huge and threatening.<br>A crown of steel he bore, but between rim and robe naught<br>was there to see, save only a deadly gleam of eyes: the Lord<br>of the Nazgu\u02c6l. To the air he had returned, summoning his<br>steed ere the darkness failed, and now he was come again,<br>bringing ruin, turning hope to despair, and victory to death.<br>A great black mace he wielded.<br>But The\u00b4oden was not utterly forsaken. The knights of his<br>house lay slain about him, or else mastered by the madness<br>of their steeds were borne far away. Yet one stood there still:<br>Dernhelm the young, faithful beyond fear; and he wept, for<br>he had loved his lord as a father. Right through the charge<br>Merry had been borne unharmed behind him, until the<br>Shadow came; and then Windfola had thrown them in his<br>terror, and now ran wild upon the plain. Merry crawled on<br>all fours like a dazed beast, and such a horror was on him<br>that he was blind and sick.<br>\u2018King\u2019s man! King\u2019s man!\u2019 his heart cried within him. \u2018You<br>must stay by him. As a father you shall be to me, you said.\u2019<br>But his will made no answer, and his body shook. He dared<br>not open his eyes or look up.<br>Then out of the blackness in his mind he thought that he<br>heard Dernhelm speaking; yet now the voice seemed strange,<br>recalling some other voice that he had known.<br>\u2018Begone, foul dwimmerlaik, lord of carrion! Leave the dead<br>in peace!\u2019<br>A cold voice answered: \u2018Come not between the Nazgu\u02c6l<br>and his prey! Or he will not slay thee in thy turn. He will bear<br>thee away to the houses of lamentation, beyond all darkness,<br>where thy flesh shall be devoured, and thy shrivelled mind<br>be left naked to the Lidless Eye.\u2019<br>A sword rang as it was drawn. \u2018Do what you will; but I will<br>hinder it, if I may.\u2019<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1101<br>\u2018Hinder me? Thou fool. No living man may hinder me!\u2019<br>Then Merry heard of all sounds in that hour the strangest. It<br>seemed that Dernhelm laughed, and the clear voice was like<br>the ring of steel. \u2018But no living man am I! You look upon a<br>woman. E\u00b4 owyn I am, E\u00b4 omund\u2019s daughter. You stand between<br>me and my lord and kin. Begone, if you be not deathless!<br>For living or dark undead, I will smite you, if you touch him.\u2019<br>The winged creature screamed at her, but the Ringwraith<br>made no answer, and was silent, as if in sudden doubt. Very<br>amazement for a moment conquered Merry\u2019s fear. He<br>opened his eyes and the blackness was lifted from them.<br>There some paces from him sat the great beast, and all<br>seemed dark about it, and above it loomed the Nazgu\u02c6l Lord<br>like a shadow of despair. A little to the left facing them stood<br>she whom he had called Dernhelm. But the helm of her<br>secrecy had fallen from her, and her bright hair, released<br>from its bonds, gleamed with pale gold upon her shoulders.<br>Her eyes grey as the sea were hard and fell, and yet tears<br>were on her cheek. A sword was in her hand, and she raised<br>her shield against the horror of her enemy\u2019s eyes.<br>E\u00b4 owyn it was, and Dernhelm also. For into Merry\u2019s mind<br>flashed the memory of the face that he saw at the riding from<br>Dunharrow: the face of one that goes seeking death, having<br>no hope. Pity filled his heart and great wonder, and suddenly<br>the slow-kindled courage of his race awoke. He clenched his<br>hand. She should not die, so fair, so desperate! At least she<br>should not die alone, unaided.<br>The face of their enemy was not turned towards him, but<br>still he hardly dared to move, dreading lest the deadly eyes<br>should fall on him. Slowly, slowly he began to crawl aside; but<br>the Black Captain, in doubt and malice intent upon the woman<br>before him, heeded him no more than a worm in the mud.<br>Suddenly the great beast beat its hideous wings, and the<br>wind of them was foul. Again it leaped into the air, and then<br>swiftly fell down upon E\u00b4 owyn, shrieking, striking with beak<br>and claw.<br>Still she did not blench: maiden of the Rohirrim, child of<br>1102 the return of the king<br>kings, slender but as a steel-blade, fair yet terrible. A swift<br>stroke she dealt, skilled and deadly. The outstretched neck<br>she clove asunder, and the hewn head fell like a stone. Backward she sprang as the huge shape crashed to ruin, vast wings<br>outspread, crumpled on the earth; and with its fall the shadow<br>passed away. A light fell about her, and her hair shone in the<br>sunrise.<br>Out of the wreck rose the Black Rider, tall and threatening,<br>towering above her. With a cry of hatred that stung the very<br>ears like venom he let fall his mace. Her shield was shivered<br>in many pieces, and her arm was broken; she stumbled to<br>her knees. He bent over her like a cloud, and his eyes glittered;<br>he raised his mace to kill.<br>But suddenly he too stumbled forward with a cry of bitter pain, and his stroke went wide, driving into the ground.<br>Merry\u2019s sword had stabbed him from behind,shearing through<br>the black mantle, and passing up beneath the hauberk had<br>pierced the sinew behind his mighty knee.<br>\u2018E\u00b4 owyn! E\u00b4 owyn!\u2019 cried Merry. Then tottering, struggling<br>up, with her last strength she drove her sword between crown<br>and mantle, as the great shoulders bowed before her. The<br>sword broke sparkling into many shards. The crown rolled<br>away with a clang. E\u00b4 owyn fell forward upon her fallen foe.<br>But lo! the mantle and hauberk were empty. Shapeless they lay<br>now on the ground, torn and tumbled; and a cry went up into<br>the shuddering air, and faded to a shrill wailing, passing with<br>the wind, a voice bodiless and thin that died, and was swallowed up, and was never heard again in that age of this world.<br>And there stood Meriadoc the hobbit in the midst of the<br>slain, blinking like an owl in the daylight, for tears blinded<br>him; and through a mist he looked on E\u00b4 owyn\u2019s fair head, as<br>she lay and did not move; and he looked on the face of the<br>king, fallen in the midst of his glory. For Snowmane in his<br>agony had rolled away from him again; yet he was the bane<br>of his master.<br>Then Merry stooped and lifted his hand to kiss it, and lo!<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1103<br>The\u00b4oden opened his eyes, and they were clear, and he spoke<br>in a quiet voice though laboured.<br>\u2018Farewell, Master Holbytla!\u2019 he said. \u2018My body is broken.<br>I go to my fathers. And even in their mighty company I shall<br>not now be ashamed. I felled the black serpent. A grim morn,<br>and a glad day, and a golden sunset!\u2019<br>Merry could not speak, but wept anew. \u2018Forgive me, lord,\u2019<br>he said at last, \u2018if I broke your command, and yet have done<br>no more in your service than to weep at our parting.\u2019<br>The old king smiled. \u2018Grieve not! It is forgiven. Great heart<br>will not be denied. Live now in blessedness; and when you<br>sit in peace with your pipe, think of me! For never now shall<br>I sit with you in Meduseld, as I promised, or listen to your<br>herb-lore.\u2019 He closed his eyes, and Merry bowed beside him.<br>Presently he spoke again. \u2018Where is E\u00b4 omer? For my eyes<br>darken, and I would see him ere I go. He must be king after<br>me. And I would send word to E\u00b4 owyn. She, she would not<br>have me leave her, and now I shall not see her again, dearer<br>than daughter.\u2019<br>\u2018Lord, lord,\u2019 began Merry brokenly, \u2018she is\u2014\u2014\u2019; but at<br>that moment there was a great clamour, and all about them<br>horns and trumpets were blowing. Merry looked round: he<br>had forgotten the war, and all the world beside, and many<br>hours it seemed since the king rode to his fall, though in truth<br>it was only a little while. But now he saw that they were in<br>danger of being caught in the very midst of the great battle<br>that would soon be joined.<br>New forces of the enemy were hastening up the road from<br>the River; and from under the walls came the legions of<br>Morgul; and from the southward fields came footmen of<br>Harad with horsemen before them, and behind them rose the<br>huge backs of the mu\u02c6makil with war-towers upon them. But<br>northward the white crest of E\u00b4 omer led the great front of the<br>Rohirrim which he had again gathered and marshalled; and<br>out of the City came all the strength of men that was in it,<br>and the silver swan of Dol Amroth was borne in the van,<br>driving the enemy from the Gate.<br>1104 the return of the king<br>For a moment the thought flitted through Merry\u2019s mind:<br>\u2018Where is Gandalf ? Is he not here? Could he not have saved<br>the king and E\u00b4 owyn?\u2019 But thereupon E\u00b4 omer rode up in haste,<br>and with him came the knights of the household that still<br>lived and had now mastered their horses. They looked in<br>wonder at the carcase of the fell beast that lay there; and their<br>steeds would not go near. But E\u00b4 omer leaped from the saddle,<br>and grief and dismay fell upon him as he came to the king\u2019s<br>side and stood there in silence.<br>Then one of the knights took the king\u2019s banner from<br>the hand of Guthla\u00b4f the banner-bearer who lay dead, and<br>he lifted it up. Slowly The\u00b4oden opened his eyes. Seeing the<br>banner he made a sign that it should be given to E\u00b4 omer.<br>\u2018Hail, King of the Mark!\u2019 he said. \u2018Ride now to victory! Bid<br>E\u00b4 owyn farewell!\u2019 And so he died, and knew not that E\u00b4 owyn<br>lay near him. And those who stood by wept, crying: \u2018The\u00b4oden<br>King! The\u00b4oden King!\u2019<br>But E\u00b4 omer said to them:<br>Mourn not overmuch! Mighty was the fallen,<br>meet was his ending. When his mound is raised,<br>women then shall weep. War now calls us!<br>Yet he himself wept as he spoke. \u2018Let his knights remain<br>here,\u2019 he said, \u2018and bear his body in honour from the field,<br>lest the battle ride over it! Yea, and all these other of the<br>king\u2019s men that lie here.\u2019 And he looked at the slain, recalling<br>their names. Then suddenly he beheld his sister E\u00b4 owyn as<br>she lay, and he knew her. He stood a moment as a man who<br>is pierced in the midst of a cry by an arrow through the heart;<br>and then his face went deathly white, and a cold fury rose in<br>him, so that all speech failed him for a while. A fey mood<br>took him.<br>\u2018E\u00b4 owyn, E\u00b4 owyn!\u2019 he cried at last. \u2018E\u00b4 owyn, how come you<br>here? What madness or devilry is this? Death, death, death!<br>Death take us all!\u2019<br>Then without taking counsel or waiting for the approach<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1105<br>of the men of the City, he spurred headlong back to the front<br>of the great host, and blew a horn, and cried aloud for the<br>onset. Over the field rang his clear voice calling: \u2018Death! Ride,<br>ride to ruin and the world\u2019s ending!\u2019<br>And with that the host began to move. But the Rohirrim<br>sang no more. Death they cried with one voice loud and<br>terrible, and gathering speed like a great tide their battle swept<br>about their fallen king and passed, roaring away southwards.<br>And still Meriadoc the hobbit stood there blinking through<br>his tears, and no one spoke to him, indeed none seemed to<br>heed him. He brushed away the tears, and stooped to pick<br>up the green shield that E\u00b4 owyn had given him, and he slung<br>it at his back. Then he looked for his sword that he had let<br>fall; for even as he struck his blow his arm was numbed, and<br>now he could only use his left hand. And behold! there lay<br>his weapon, but the blade was smoking like a dry branch that<br>has been thrust in a fire; and as he watched it, it writhed and<br>withered and was consumed.<br>So passed the sword of the Barrow-downs, work of Westernesse. But glad would he have been to know its fate who<br>wrought it slowly long ago in the North-kingdom when the<br>Du\u00b4nedain were young, and chief among their foes was the<br>dread realm of Angmar and its sorcerer king. No other blade,<br>not though mightier hands had wielded it, would have dealt<br>that foe a wound so bitter, cleaving the undead flesh, breaking<br>the spell that knit his unseen sinews to his will.<br>Men now raised the king, and laying cloaks upon speartruncheons they made shift to bear him away towards the<br>City; and others lifted E\u00b4 owyn gently up and bore her after<br>him. But the men of the king\u2019s household they could not yet<br>bring from the field; for seven of the king\u2019s knights had fallen<br>there, and De\u00b4orwine their chief was among them. So they<br>laid them apart from their foes and the fell beast and set<br>spears about them. And afterwards when all was over men<br>returned and made a fire there and burned the carcase of the<br>1106 the return of the king<br>beast; but for Snowmane they dug a grave and set up a stone<br>upon which was carved in the tongues of Gondor and the<br>Mark:<br>Faithful servant yet master\u2019s bane,<br>Lightfoot\u2019s foal, swift Snowmane.<br>Green and long grew the grass on Snowmane\u2019s Howe, but<br>ever black and bare was the ground where the beast was<br>burned.<br>Now slowly and sadly Merry walked beside the bearers,<br>and he gave no more heed to the battle. He was weary<br>and full of pain, and his limbs trembled as with a chill. A<br>great rain came out of the Sea, and it seemed that all<br>things wept for The\u00b4oden and E\u00b4 owyn, quenching the fires<br>in the City with grey tears. It was through a mist that presently he saw the van of the men of Gondor approaching.<br>Imrahil, Prince of Dol Amroth, rode up and drew rein before<br>them.<br>\u2018What burden do you bear, Men of Rohan?\u2019 he cried.<br>\u2018The\u00b4oden King,\u2019 they answered. \u2018He is dead. But E\u00b4 omer<br>King now rides in the battle: he with the white crest in the<br>wind.\u2019<br>Then the prince went from his horse, and knelt by the bier<br>in honour of the king and his great onset; and he wept. And<br>rising he looked then on E\u00b4 owyn and was amazed. \u2018Surely,<br>here is a woman?\u2019 he said. \u2018Have even the women of the<br>Rohirrim come to war in our need?\u2019<br>\u2018Nay! One only,\u2019 they answered. \u2018The Lady E\u00b4 owyn is she,<br>sister of E\u00b4 omer; and we knew naught of her riding until this<br>hour, and greatly we rue it.\u2019<br>Then the prince seeing her beauty, though her face was<br>pale and cold, touched her hand as he bent to look more<br>closely on her. \u2018Men of Rohan!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Are there no leeches<br>among you? She is hurt, to the death maybe, but I deem that<br>she yet lives.\u2019 And he held the bright-burnished vambrace<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1107<br>that was upon his arm before her cold lips, and behold! a<br>little mist was laid on it hardly to be seen.<br>\u2018Haste now is needed,\u2019 he said, and he sent one riding back<br>swiftly to the City to bring aid. But he bowing low to the<br>fallen, bade them farewell, and mounting rode away into<br>battle.<br>And now the fighting waxed furious on the fields of the<br>Pelennor; and the din of arms rose upon high, with the crying<br>of men and the neighing of horses. Horns were blown and<br>trumpets were braying, and the mu\u02c6makil were bellowing as<br>they were goaded to war. Under the south walls of the City<br>the footmen of Gondor now drove against the legions of<br>Morgul that were still gathered there in strength. But the<br>horsemen rode eastward to the succour of E\u00b4 omer: Hu\u00b4rin the<br>Tall, Warden of the Keys, and the Lord of Lossarnach, and<br>Hirluin of the Green Hills, and Prince Imrahil the fair with<br>his knights all about him.<br>Not too soon came their aid to the Rohirrim; for fortune<br>had turned against E\u00b4 omer, and his fury had betrayed him.<br>The great wrath of his onset had utterly overthrown the front<br>of his enemies, and great wedges of his Riders had passed<br>clear through the ranks of the Southrons, discomfiting their<br>horsemen and riding their footmen to ruin. But wherever the<br>mu\u02c6makil came there the horses would not go, but blenched<br>and swerved away; and the great monsters were unfought,<br>and stood like towers of defence, and the Haradrim rallied<br>about them. And if the Rohirrim at their onset were thrice<br>outnumbered by the Haradrim alone, soon their case became<br>worse; for new strength came now streaming to the field out<br>of Osgiliath. There they had been mustered for the sack of<br>the City and the rape of Gondor, waiting on the call of their<br>Captain. He now was destroyed; but Gothmog the lieutenant<br>of Morgul had flung them into the fray; Easterlings with axes,<br>and Variags of Khand, Southrons in scarlet, and out of Far<br>Harad black men like half-trolls with white eyes and red<br>tongues. Some now hastened up behind the Rohirrim, others<br>1108 the return of the king<br>held westward to hold off the forces of Gondor and prevent<br>their joining with Rohan.<br>It was even as the day thus began to turn against Gondor<br>and their hope wavered that a new cry went up in the City,<br>it being then mid-morning, and a great wind blowing, and<br>the rain flying north, and the sun shining. In that clear air<br>watchmen on the walls saw afar a new sight of fear, and their<br>last hope left them.<br>For Anduin, from the bend at the Harlond, so flowed that<br>from the City men could look down it lengthwise for some<br>leagues, and the far-sighted could see any ships that approached. And looking thither they cried in dismay; for black<br>against the glittering stream they beheld a fleet borne up on<br>the wind: dromunds, and ships of great draught with many<br>oars, and with black sails bellying in the breeze.<br>\u2018The Corsairs of Umbar!\u2019 men shouted. \u2018The Corsairs<br>of Umbar! Look! The Corsairs of Umbar are coming! So<br>Belfalas is taken, and the Ethir, and Lebennin is gone. The<br>Corsairs are upon us! It is the last stroke of doom!\u2019<br>And some without order, for none could be found to command them in the City, ran to the bells and tolled the alarm;<br>and some blew the trumpets sounding the retreat. \u2018Back to<br>the walls!\u2019 they cried. \u2018Back to the walls! Come back to the<br>City before all are overwhelmed!\u2019 But the wind that sped the<br>ships blew all their clamour away.<br>The Rohirrim indeed had no need of news or alarm. All<br>too well they could see for themselves the black sails. For<br>E\u00b4 omer was now scarcely a mile from the Harlond, and a<br>great press of his first foes was between him and the haven<br>there, while new foes came swirling behind, cutting him<br>off from the Prince. Now he looked to the River, and hope<br>died in his heart, and the wind that he had blessed he now<br>called accursed. But the hosts of Mordor were enheartened,<br>and filled with a new lust and fury they came yelling to the<br>onset.<br>Stern now was E\u00b4 omer\u2019s mood, and his mind clear again.<br>He let blow the horns to rally all men to his banner that could<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1109<br>come thither; for he thought to make a great shield-wall at<br>the last, and stand, and fight there on foot till all fell, and do<br>deeds of song on the fields of Pelennor, though no man<br>should be left in the West to remember the last King of the<br>Mark. So he rode to a green hillock and there set his banner,<br>and the White Horse ran rippling in the wind.<br>Out of doubt, out of dark to the day\u2019s rising<br>I came singing in the sun, sword unsheathing.<br>To hope\u2019s end I rode and to heart\u2019s breaking:<br>Now for wrath, now for ruin and a red nightfall!<br>These staves he spoke, yet he laughed as he said them. For<br>once more lust of battle was on him; and he was still<br>unscathed, and he was young, and he was king: the lord of a<br>fell people. And lo! even as he laughed at despair he looked<br>out again on the black ships, and he lifted up his sword to<br>defy them.<br>And then wonder took him, and a great joy; and he cast<br>his sword up in the sunlight and sang as he caught it. And<br>all eyes followed his gaze, and behold! upon the foremost<br>ship a great standard broke, and the wind displayed it as she<br>turned towards the Harlond. There flowered a White Tree,<br>and that was for Gondor; but Seven Stars were about it, and<br>a high crown above it, the signs of Elendil that no lord had<br>borne for years beyond count. And the stars flamed in the<br>sunlight, for they were wrought of gems by Arwen daughter<br>of Elrond; and the crown was bright in the morning, for it<br>was wrought of mithril and gold.<br>Thus came Aragorn son of Arathorn, Elessar, Isildur\u2019s heir,<br>out of the Paths of the Dead, borne upon a wind from the<br>Sea to the kingdom of Gondor; and the mirth of the Rohirrim<br>was a torrent of laughter and a flashing of swords, and the<br>joy and wonder of the City was a music of trumpets and a<br>ringing of bells. But the hosts of Mordor were seized with<br>bewilderment, and a great wizardry it seemed to them that<br>their own ships should be filled with their foes; and a black<br>1110 the return of the king<br>dread fell on them, knowing that the tides of fate had turned<br>against them and their doom was at hand.<br>East rode the knights of Dol Amroth driving the enemy<br>before them: troll-men and Variags and orcs that hated the<br>sunlight. South strode E\u00b4 omer and men fled before his face,<br>and they were caught between the hammer and the anvil. For<br>now men leaped from the ships to the quays of the Harlond<br>and swept north like a storm. There came Legolas, and Gimli<br>wielding his axe, and Halbarad with the standard, and Elladan<br>and Elrohir with stars on their brow, and the dour-handed<br>Du\u00b4nedain, Rangers of the North, leading a great valour of<br>the folk of Lebennin and Lamedon and the fiefs of the South.<br>But before all went Aragorn with the Flame of the West,<br>Andu\u00b4ril like a new fire kindled, Narsil re-forged as deadly as<br>of old; and upon his brow was the Star of Elendil.<br>And so at length E\u00b4 omer and Aragorn met in the midst of<br>the battle, and they leaned on their swords and looked on<br>one another and were glad.<br>\u2018Thus we meet again, though all the hosts of Mordor lay<br>between us,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018Did I not say so at the Hornburg?\u2019<br>\u2018So you spoke,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer, \u2018but hope oft deceives, and I<br>knew not then that you were a man foresighted. Yet twice<br>blessed is help unlooked for, and never was a meeting of<br>friends more joyful.\u2019 And they clasped hand in hand. \u2018Nor<br>indeed more timely,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018You come none too soon,<br>my friend. Much loss and sorrow has befallen us.\u2019<br>\u2018Then let us avenge it, ere we speak of it!\u2019 said Aragorn,<br>and they rode back to battle together.<br>Hard fighting and long labour they had still; for the<br>Southrons were bold men and grim, and fierce in despair;<br>and the Easterlings were strong and war-hardened and asked<br>for no quarter. And so in this place and that, by burned<br>homestead or barn, upon hillock or mound, under wall or on<br>field, still they gathered and rallied and fought until the day<br>wore away.<br>Then the Sun went at last behind Mindolluin and filled<br>the battle of the pelennor fields 1111<br>all the sky with a great burning, so that the hills and the<br>mountains were dyed as with blood; fire glowed in the River,<br>and the grass of the Pelennor lay red in the nightfall. And in<br>that hour the great Battle of the field of Gondor was over;<br>and not one living foe was left within the circuit of the<br>Rammas. All were slain save those who fled to die, or to<br>drown in the red foam of the River. Few ever came eastward<br>to Morgul or Mordor; and to the land of the Haradrim came<br>only a tale from far off: a rumour of the wrath and terror of<br>Gondor.<br>Aragorn and E\u00b4 omer and Imrahil rode back towards the<br>Gate of the City, and they were now weary beyond joy or<br>sorrow. These three were unscathed, for such was their fortune and the skill and might of their arms, and few indeed<br>had dared to abide them or look on their faces in the hour of<br>their wrath. But many others were hurt or maimed or dead<br>upon the field. The axes hewed Forlong as he fought alone<br>and unhorsed; and both Duilin of Morthond and his brother<br>were trampled to death when they assailed the mu\u02c6makil, leading their bowmen close to shoot at the eyes of the monsters.<br>Neither Hirluin the fair would return to Pinnath Gelin, nor<br>Grimbold to Grimslade, nor Halbarad to the Northlands,<br>dour-handed Ranger. No few had fallen, renowned or nameless, captain or soldier; for it was a great battle and the full<br>count of it no tale has told. So long afterward a maker in<br>Rohan said in his song of the Mounds of Mundburg:<br>We heard of the horns in the hills ringing,<br>the swords shining in the South-kingdom.<br>Steeds went striding to the Stoningland<br>as wind in the morning. War was kindled.<br>There The\u00b4oden fell, Thengling mighty,<br>to his golden halls and green pastures<br>in the Northern fields never returning,<br>high lord of the host. Harding and Guthla\u00b4f,<br>Du\u00b4nhere and De\u00b4orwine, doughty Grimbold,<br>1112 the return of the king<br>Herefara and Herubrand, Horn and Fastred,<br>fought and fell there in a far country:<br>in the Mounds of Mundburg under mould they lie<br>with their league-fellows, lords of Gondor.<br>Neither Hirluin the Fair to the hills by the sea,<br>nor Forlong the old to the flowering vales<br>ever, to Arnach, to his own country<br>returned in triumph; nor the tall bowmen,<br>Derufin and Duilin, to their dark waters,<br>meres of Morthond under mountain-shadows.<br>Death in the morning and at day\u2019s ending<br>lords took and lowly. Long now they sleep<br>under grass in Gondor by the Great River.<br>Grey now as tears, gleaming silver,<br>red then it rolled, roaring water:<br>foam dyed with blood flamed at sunset;<br>as beacons mountains burned at evening;<br>red fell the dew in Rammas Echor.<br>Chapter 7<br>THE PYRE OF DENETHOR<br>When the dark shadow at the Gate withdrew Gandalf still sat<br>motionless. But Pippin rose to his feet, as if a great weight<br>had been lifted from him; and he stood listening to the horns,<br>and it seemed to him that they would break his heart with<br>joy. And never in after years could he hear a horn blown in<br>the distance without tears starting in his eyes. But now suddenly his errand returned to his memory, and he ran forward.<br>At that moment Gandalf stirred and spoke to Shadowfax,<br>and was about to ride through the Gate.<br>\u2018Gandalf, Gandalf!\u2019 cried Pippin, and Shadowfax halted.<br>\u2018What are you doing here?\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Is it not a law<br>in the City that those who wear the black and silver must stay<br>in the Citadel, unless their lord gives them leave?\u2019<br>\u2018He has,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018He sent me away. But I am frightened. Something terrible may happen up there. The Lord is<br>out of his mind, I think. I am afraid he will kill himself, and<br>kill Faramir too. Can\u2019t you do something?\u2019<br>Gandalf looked through the gaping Gate, and already on<br>the fields he heard the gathering sound of battle. He clenched<br>his hand. \u2018I must go,\u2019 he said. \u2018The Black Rider is abroad,<br>and he will yet bring ruin on us. I have no time.\u2019<br>\u2018But Faramir!\u2019 cried Pippin. \u2018He is not dead, and they will<br>burn him alive, if someone does not stop them.\u2019<br>\u2018Burn him alive?\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018What is this tale? Be<br>quick!\u2019<br>\u2018Denethor has gone to the Tombs,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018and he<br>has taken Faramir, and he says we are all to burn, and he will<br>not wait, and they are to make a pyre and burn him on it,<br>and Faramir as well. And he has sent men to fetch wood and<br>oil. And I have told Beregond, but I\u2019m afraid he won\u2019t dare<br>1114 the return of the king<br>to leave his post: he is on guard. And what can he do anyway?\u2019 So Pippin poured out his tale, reaching up and touching Gandalf\u2019s knee with trembling hands. \u2018Can\u2019t you save<br>Faramir?\u2019<br>\u2018Maybe I can,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018but if I do, then others will<br>die, I fear. Well, I must come, since no other help can reach<br>him. But evil and sorrow will come of this. Even in the heart<br>of our stronghold the Enemy has power to strike us: for his<br>will it is that is at work.\u2019<br>Then having made up his mind he acted swiftly; and<br>catching up Pippin and setting him before him, he turned<br>Shadowfax with a word. Up the climbing streets of Minas<br>Tirith they clattered, while the noise of war rose behind them.<br>Everywhere men were rising from their despair and dread,<br>seizing their weapons, crying one to another: \u2018Rohan has<br>come!\u2019 Captains were shouting, companies were mustering;<br>many already were marching down to the Gate.<br>They met the Prince Imrahil, and he called to them:<br>\u2018Whither now, Mithrandir? The Rohirrim are fighting on<br>the fields of Gondor! We must gather all the strength that<br>we can find.\u2019<br>\u2018You will need every man and more,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Make<br>all haste. I will come when I can. But I have an errand to<br>the Lord Denethor that will not wait. Take command in the<br>Lord\u2019s absence!\u2019<br>They passed on; and as they climbed and drew near to<br>the Citadel they felt the wind blowing in their faces, and<br>they caught the glimmer of morning far away, a light growing in the southern sky. But it brought little hope to them,<br>not knowing what evil lay before them, fearing to come too<br>late.<br>\u2018Darkness is passing,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018but it still lies heavy<br>on this City.\u2019<br>At the gate of the Citadel they found no guard. \u2018Then<br>Beregond has gone,\u2019 said Pippin more hopefully. They<br>turned away and hastened along the road to the Closed Door.<br>the pyre of denethor 1115<br>It stood wide open, and the porter lay before it. He was slain<br>and his key had been taken.<br>\u2018Work of the Enemy!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Such deeds he loves:<br>friend at war with friend; loyalty divided in confusion of<br>hearts.\u2019 Now he dismounted and bade Shadowfax return to<br>his stable. \u2018For, my friend,\u2019 he said, \u2018you and I should have<br>ridden to the fields long ago, but other matters delay me. Yet<br>come swiftly if I call!\u2019<br>They passed the Door and walked on down the steep<br>winding road. Light was growing, and the tall columns and<br>carven figures beside the way went slowly by like grey ghosts.<br>Suddenly the silence was broken, and they heard below<br>them cries and the ringing of swords: such sounds as had not<br>been heard in the hallowed places since the building of the<br>City. At last they came to Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen and hastened towards<br>the House of the Stewards, looming in the twilight under its<br>great dome.<br>\u2018Stay! Stay!\u2019 cried Gandalf, springing forward to the stone<br>stair before the door. \u2018Stay this madness!\u2019<br>For there were the servants of Denethor with swords and<br>torches in their hands; but alone in the porch upon the topmost step stood Beregond, clad in the black and silver of the<br>Guard; and he held the door against them. Two of them had<br>already fallen to his sword, staining the hallows with their<br>blood; and the others cursed him, calling him outlaw and<br>traitor to his master.<br>Even as Gandalf and Pippin ran forward, they heard from<br>within the house of the dead the voice of Denethor crying:<br>\u2018Haste, haste! Do as I have bidden! Slay me this renegade!<br>Or must I do so myself ?\u2019 Thereupon the door which Beregond held shut with his left hand was wrenched open, and<br>there behind him stood the Lord of the City, tall and fell; a<br>light like flame was in his eyes, and he held a drawn sword.<br>But Gandalf sprang up the steps, and the men fell back<br>from him and covered their eyes; for his coming was like the<br>incoming of a white light into a dark place, and he came with<br>great anger. He lifted up his hand, and in the very stroke, the<br>1116 the return of the king<br>sword of Denethor flew up and left his grasp and fell behind<br>him in the shadows of the house; and Denethor stepped<br>backward before Gandalf as one amazed.<br>\u2018What is this, my lord?\u2019 said the wizard. \u2018The houses of the<br>dead are no places for the living. And why do men fight here<br>in the Hallows when there is war enough before the Gate?<br>Or has our Enemy come even to Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen?\u2019<br>\u2018Since when has the Lord of Gondor been answerable<br>to thee?\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018Or may I not command my own<br>servants?\u2019<br>\u2018You may,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018But others may contest your<br>will, when it is turned to madness and evil. Where is your<br>son, Faramir?\u2019<br>\u2018He lies within,\u2019 said Denethor, \u2018burning, already burning. They have set a fire in his flesh. But soon all shall be<br>burned. The West has failed. It shall all go up in a great fire,<br>and all shall be ended. Ash! Ash and smoke blown away on<br>the wind!\u2019<br>Then Gandalf seeing the madness that was on him feared<br>that he had already done some evil deed, and he thrust forward, with Beregond and Pippin behind him, while Denethor<br>gave back until he stood beside the table within. But there<br>they found Faramir, still dreaming in his fever, lying upon<br>the table. Wood was piled under it, and high all about it, and<br>all was drenched with oil, even the garments of Faramir and<br>the coverlets; but as yet no fire had been set to the fuel. Then<br>Gandalf revealed the strength that lay hid in him, even as the<br>light of his power was hidden under his grey mantle. He<br>leaped up on to the faggots, and raising the sick man lightly<br>he sprang down again, and bore him towards the door. But<br>as he did so Faramir moaned and called on his father in his<br>dream.<br>Denethor started as one waking from a trance, and the<br>flame died in his eyes, and he wept; and he said: \u2018Do not take<br>my son from me! He calls for me.\u2019<br>\u2018He calls,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018but you cannot come to him yet.<br>For he must seek healing on the threshold of death, and<br>the pyre of denethor 1117<br>maybe find it not. Whereas your part is to go out to the battle<br>of your City, where maybe death awaits you. This you know<br>in your heart.\u2019<br>\u2018He will not wake again,\u2019 said Denethor. \u2018Battle is vain.<br>Why should we wish to live longer? Why should we not go<br>to death side by side?\u2019<br>\u2018Authority is not given to you, Steward of Gondor, to order<br>the hour of your death,\u2019 answered Gandalf. \u2018And only the<br>heathen kings, under the domination of the Dark Power, did<br>thus, slaying themselves in pride and despair, murdering their<br>kin to ease their own death.\u2019 Then passing through the door<br>he took Faramir from the deadly house and laid him on the<br>bier on which he had been brought, and which had now been<br>set in the porch. Denethor followed him, and stood trembling, looking with longing on the face of his son. And for<br>a moment, while all were silent and still, watching the Lord<br>in his throes, he wavered.<br>\u2018Come!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018We are needed. There is much that<br>you can yet do.\u2019<br>Then suddenly Denethor laughed. He stood up tall and<br>proud again, and stepping swiftly back to the table he lifted<br>from it the pillow on which his head had lain. Then coming<br>to the doorway he drew aside the covering, and lo! he had<br>between his hands a palant\u0131\u00b4r. And as he held it up, it seemed<br>to those that looked on that the globe began to glow with an<br>inner flame, so that the lean face of the Lord was lit as with<br>a red fire, and it seemed cut out of hard stone, sharp with<br>black shadows, noble, proud, and terrible. His eyes glittered.<br>\u2018Pride and despair!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Didst thou think that the<br>eyes of the White Tower were blind? Nay, I have seen more<br>than thou knowest, Grey Fool. For thy hope is but ignorance.<br>Go then and labour in healing! Go forth and fight! Vanity.<br>For a little space you may triumph on the field, for a day.<br>But against the Power that now arises there is no victory. To<br>this City only the first finger of its hand has yet been<br>stretched. All the East is moving. And even now the wind of<br>thy hope cheats thee and wafts up Anduin a fleet with black<br>1118 the return of the king<br>sails. The West has failed. It is time for all to depart who<br>would not be slaves.\u2019<br>\u2018Such counsels will make the Enemy\u2019s victory certain<br>indeed,\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>\u2018Hope on then!\u2019 laughed Denethor. \u2018Do I not know thee,<br>Mithrandir? Thy hope is to rule in my stead, to stand behind<br>every throne, north, south, or west. I have read thy mind and<br>its policies. Do I not know that this halfling was commanded<br>by thee to keep silence? That he was brought hither to be a<br>spy within my very chamber? And yet in our speech together<br>I have learned the names and purpose of all thy companions.<br>So! With the left hand thou wouldst use me for a little while<br>as a shield against Mordor, and with the right bring up this<br>Ranger of the North to supplant me.<br>\u2018But I say to thee, Gandalf Mithrandir, I will not be thy<br>tool! I am Steward of the House of Ana\u00b4rion. I will not step<br>down to be the dotard chamberlain of an upstart. Even were<br>his claim proved to me, still he comes but of the line of<br>Isildur. I will not bow to such a one, last of a ragged house<br>long bereft of lordship and dignity.\u2019<br>\u2018What then would you have,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018if your will<br>could have its way?\u2019<br>\u2018I would have things as they were in all the days of my life,\u2019<br>answered Denethor, \u2018and in the days of my longfathers before<br>me: to be the Lord of this City in peace, and leave my chair<br>to a son after me, who would be his own master and no<br>wizard\u2019s pupil. But if doom denies this to me, then I will have<br>naught: neither life diminished, nor love halved, nor honour<br>abated.\u2019<br>\u2018To me it would not seem that a Steward who faithfully<br>surrenders his charge is diminished in love or in honour,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018And at the least you shall not rob your son of his<br>choice while his death is still in doubt.\u2019<br>At those words Denethor\u2019s eyes flamed again, and taking<br>the Stone under his arm he drew a knife and strode towards<br>the bier. But Beregond sprang forward and set himself before<br>Faramir.<br>the pyre of denethor 1119<br>\u2018So!\u2019 cried Denethor. \u2018Thou hadst already stolen half my<br>son\u2019s love. Now thou stealest the hearts of my knights also,<br>so that they rob me wholly of my son at the last. But in this<br>at least thou shalt not defy my will: to rule my own end.\u2019<br>\u2018Come hither!\u2019 he cried to his servants. \u2018Come, if you are<br>not all recreant!\u2019 Then two of them ran up the steps to him.<br>Swiftly he snatched a torch from the hand of one and sprang<br>back into the house. Before Gandalf could hinder him he<br>thrust the brand amid the fuel, and at once it crackled and<br>roared into flame.<br>Then Denethor leaped upon the table, and standing there<br>wreathed in fire and smoke he took up the staff of his stewardship that lay at his feet and broke it on his knee. Casting<br>the pieces into the blaze he bowed and laid himself on the<br>table, clasping the palant\u0131\u00b4r with both hands upon his breast.<br>And it was said that ever after, if any man looked in that<br>Stone, unless he had a great strength of will to turn it to other<br>purpose, he saw only two aged hands withering in flame.<br>Gandalf in grief and horror turned his face away and closed<br>the door. For a while he stood in thought, silent upon<br>the threshold, while those outside heard the greedy roaring<br>of the fire within. And then Denethor gave a great cry,<br>and afterwards spoke no more, nor was ever again seen by<br>mortal men.<br>\u2018So passes Denethor, son of Ecthelion,\u2019 said Gandalf. Then<br>he turned to Beregond and the Lord\u2019s servants that stood<br>there aghast. \u2018And so pass also the days of Gondor that you<br>have known; for good or evil they are ended. Ill deeds have<br>been done here; but let now all enmity that lies between you<br>be put away, for it was contrived by the Enemy and works<br>his will. You have been caught in a net of warring duties that<br>you did not weave. But think, you servants of the Lord,<br>blind in your obedience, that but for the treason of Beregond<br>Faramir, Captain of the White Tower, would now also be<br>burned.<br>\u2018Bear away from this unhappy place your comrades who<br>1120 the return of the king<br>have fallen. And we will bear Faramir, Steward of Gondor,<br>to a place where he can sleep in peace, or die if that be his<br>doom.\u2019<br>Then Gandalf and Beregond taking up the bier bore it<br>away towards the Houses of Healing, while behind them<br>walked Pippin with downcast head. But the servants of the<br>Lord stood gazing as stricken men at the house of the dead;<br>and even as Gandalf came to the end of Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen there<br>was a great noise. Looking back they saw the dome of the<br>house crack and smokes issue forth; and then with a rush and<br>rumble of stone it fell in a flurry of fire; but still unabated the<br>flames danced and flickered among the ruins. Then in terror<br>the servants fled and followed Gandalf.<br>At length they came back to the Steward\u2019s Door, and<br>Beregond looked with grief at the porter. \u2018This deed I shall<br>ever rue,\u2019 he said; \u2018but a madness of haste was on me, and<br>he would not listen, but drew sword against me.\u2019 Then taking<br>the key that he had wrested from the slain man he closed the<br>door and locked it. \u2018This should now be given to the Lord<br>Faramir,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018The Prince of Dol Amroth is in command in the absence<br>of the Lord,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018but since he is not here, I must<br>take this on myself. I bid you keep the key and guard it, until<br>the City is set in order again.\u2019<br>Now at last they passed into the high circles of the City,<br>and in the light of morning they went their way towards the<br>Houses of Healing; and these were fair houses set apart for<br>the care of those who were grievously sick, but now they were<br>prepared for the tending of men hurt in battle or dying. They<br>stood not far from the Citadel-gate, in the sixth circle, nigh<br>to its southward wall, and about them was a garden and a<br>greensward with trees, the only such place in the City. There<br>dwelt the few women that had been permitted to remain in<br>Minas Tirith, since they were skilled in healing or in the<br>service of the healers.<br>But even as Gandalf and his companions came carrying<br>the pyre of denethor 1121<br>the bier to the main door of the Houses, they heard a great<br>cry that went up from the field before the Gate and rising<br>shrill and piercing into the sky passed, and died away on the<br>wind. So terrible was the cry that for a moment all stood still,<br>and yet when it had passed, suddenly their hearts were lifted<br>up in such a hope as they had not known since the darkness<br>came out of the East; and it seemed to them that the light<br>grew clear and the sun broke through the clouds.<br>But Gandalf\u2019s face was grave and sad, and bidding<br>Beregond and Pippin to take Faramir into the Houses of<br>Healing, he went up on to the walls nearby; and there like a<br>figure carven in white he stood in the new sun and looked<br>out. And he beheld with the sight that was given to him all that<br>had befallen; and when E\u00b4 omer rode out from the forefront of<br>his battle and stood beside those who lay upon the field, he<br>sighed, and he cast his cloak about him again, and went from<br>the walls. And Beregond and Pippin found him standing in<br>thought before the door of the Houses when they came out.<br>They looked at him, and for a while he was silent. At last<br>he spoke. \u2018My friends,\u2019 he said, \u2018and all you people of this<br>city and of the Western lands! Things of great sorrow and<br>renown have come to pass. Shall we weep or be glad? Beyond<br>hope the Captain of our foes has been destroyed, and you<br>have heard the echo of his last despair. But he has not gone<br>without woe and bitter loss. And that I might have averted<br>but for the madness of Denethor. So long has the reach of<br>our Enemy become! Alas! but now I perceive how his will<br>was able to enter into the very heart of the City.<br>\u2018Though the Stewards deemed that it was a secret kept<br>only by themselves, long ago I guessed that here in the White<br>Tower, one at least of the Seven Seeing Stones was preserved.<br>In the days of his wisdom Denethor would not presume to<br>use it to challenge Sauron, knowing the limits of his own<br>strength. But his wisdom failed; and I fear that as the peril of<br>his realm grew he looked in the Stone and was deceived: far<br>too often, I guess, since Boromir departed. He was too great<br>1122 the return of the king<br>to be subdued to the will of the Dark Power, he saw nonetheless only those things which that Power permitted him to see.<br>The knowledge which he obtained was, doubtless, often of<br>service to him; yet the vision of the great might of Mordor<br>that was shown to him fed the despair of his heart until it<br>overthrew his mind.\u2019<br>\u2018Now I understand what seemed so strange to me!\u2019 said<br>Pippin, shuddering at his memories as he spoke. \u2018The Lord<br>went away from the room where Faramir lay; and it was only<br>when he returned that I first thought he was changed, old<br>and broken.\u2019<br>\u2018It was in the very hour that Faramir was brought to the<br>Tower that many of us saw a strange light in the topmost<br>chamber,\u2019 said Beregond. \u2018But we have seen that light before,<br>and it has long been rumoured in the City that the Lord<br>would at times wrestle in thought with his Enemy.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas! then I have guessed rightly,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Thus the<br>will of Sauron entered into Minas Tirith; and thus I have<br>been delayed here. And here I shall still be forced to remain,<br>for I shall soon have other charges, not Faramir only.<br>\u2018Now I must go down to meet those who come. I have<br>seen a sight upon the field that is very grievous to my heart,<br>and greater sorrow may yet come to pass. Come with me,<br>Pippin! But you, Beregond, should return to the Citadel and<br>tell the chief of the Guard there what has befallen. It will be<br>his duty, I fear, to withdraw you from the Guard; but say to<br>him that, if I may give him counsel, you should be sent to<br>the Houses of Healing, to be the guard and servant of your<br>captain, and to be at his side when he awakes \u2013 if that shall<br>ever be again. For by you he was saved from the fire. Go<br>now! I shall return soon.\u2019<br>With that he turned away and went with Pippin down<br>towards the lower city. And even as they hastened on their<br>way the wind brought a grey rain, and all the fires sank, and<br>there arose a great smoke before them.<br>Chapter 8<br>THE HOUSES OF HEALING<br>A mist was in Merry\u2019s eyes of tears and weariness when they<br>drew near the ruined Gate of Minas Tirith. He gave little<br>heed to the wreck and slaughter that lay about all. Fire and<br>smoke and stench was in the air; for many engines had been<br>burned or cast into the fire-pits, and many of the slain also,<br>while here and there lay many carcases of the great Southron<br>monsters, half-burned, or broken by stone-cast, or shot<br>through the eyes by the valiant archers of Morthond. The<br>flying rain had ceased for a time, and the sun gleamed up<br>above; but all the lower city was still wrapped in a smouldering reek.<br>Already men were labouring to clear a way through the<br>jetsam of battle; and now out from the Gate came some<br>bearing litters. Gently they laid E\u00b4 owyn upon soft pillows; but<br>the king\u2019s body they covered with a great cloth of gold, and<br>they bore torches about him, and their flames, pale in the<br>sunlight, were fluttered by the wind.<br>So The\u00b4oden and E\u00b4 owyn came to the City of Gondor, and<br>all who saw them bared their heads and bowed; and they<br>passed through the ash and fume of the burned circle, and<br>went on and up along the streets of stone. To Merry the<br>ascent seemed agelong, a meaningless journey in a hateful<br>dream, going on and on to some dim ending that memory<br>cannot seize.<br>Slowly the lights of the torches in front of him flickered<br>and went out, and he was walking in a darkness; and he<br>thought: \u2018This is a tunnel leading to a tomb; there we shall<br>stay for ever.\u2019 But suddenly into his dream there fell a living<br>voice.<br>\u2018Well, Merry! Thank goodness I have found you!\u2019<br>1124 the return of the king<br>He looked up and the mist before his eyes cleared a little.<br>There was Pippin! They were face to face in a narrow lane,<br>and but for themselves it was empty. He rubbed his eyes.<br>\u2018Where is the king?\u2019 he said. \u2018And E\u00b4 owyn?\u2019 Then he<br>stumbled and sat down on a doorstep and began to weep<br>again.<br>\u2018They have gone up into the Citadel,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018I think<br>you must have fallen asleep on your feet and taken the wrong<br>turning. When we found that you were not with them,<br>Gandalf sent me to look for you. Poor old Merry! How glad<br>I am to see you again! But you are worn out, and I won\u2019t<br>bother you with any talk. But tell me, are you hurt, or<br>wounded?\u2019<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Well, no, I don\u2019t think so. But I can\u2019t<br>use my right arm, Pippin, not since I stabbed him. And my<br>sword burned all away like a piece of wood.\u2019<br>Pippin\u2019s face was anxious. \u2018Well, you had better come with<br>me as quick as you can,\u2019 he said. \u2018I wish I could carry you.<br>You aren\u2019t fit to walk any further. They shouldn\u2019t have let<br>you walk at all; but you must forgive them. So many dreadful<br>things have happened in the City, Merry, that one poor<br>hobbit coming in from the battle is easily overlooked.\u2019<br>\u2018It\u2019s not always a misfortune being overlooked,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018I was overlooked just now by \u2013 no, no, I can\u2019t speak of it.<br>Help me, Pippin! It\u2019s all going dark again, and my arm is so<br>cold.\u2019<br>\u2018Lean on me, Merry lad!\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Come now! Foot<br>by foot. It\u2019s not far.\u2019<br>\u2018Are you going to bury me?\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018No, indeed!\u2019 said Pippin, trying to sound cheerful, though<br>his heart was wrung with fear and pity. \u2018No, we are going to<br>the Houses of Healing.\u2019<br>They turned out of the lane that ran between tall houses<br>and the outer wall of the fourth circle, and they regained the<br>main street climbing up to the Citadel. Step by step they<br>went, while Merry swayed and murmured as one in sleep.<br>the houses of healing 1125<br>\u2018I\u2019ll never get him there,\u2019 thought Pippin. \u2018Is there no one<br>to help me? I can\u2019t leave him here.\u2019 Just then to his surprise a<br>boy came running up behind, and as he passed he recognized<br>Bergil Beregond\u2019s son.<br>\u2018Hullo, Bergil!\u2019 he called. \u2018Where are you going? Glad to<br>see you again, and still alive!\u2019<br>\u2018I am running errands for the Healers,\u2019 said Bergil. \u2018I cannot stay.\u2019<br>\u2018Don\u2019t!\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018But tell them up there that I have a<br>sick hobbit, a perian mind you, come from the battle-field. I<br>don\u2019t think he can walk so far. If Mithrandir is there, he will<br>be glad of the message.\u2019 Bergil ran on.<br>\u2018I\u2019d better wait here,\u2019 thought Pippin. So he let Merry sink<br>gently down on to the pavement in a patch of sunlight, and<br>then he sat down beside him, laying Merry\u2019s head in his lap.<br>He felt his body and limbs gently, and took his friend\u2019s hands<br>in his own. The right hand felt icy to the touch.<br>It was not long before Gandalf himself came in search of<br>them. He stooped over Merry and caressed his brow; then<br>he lifted him carefully. \u2018He should have been borne in honour<br>into this city,\u2019 he said. \u2018He has well repaid my trust; for if<br>Elrond had not yielded to me, neither of you would have set<br>out; and then far more grievous would the evils of this day<br>have been.\u2019 He sighed. \u2018And yet here is another charge on<br>my hands, while all the time the battle hangs in the balance.\u2019<br>So at last Faramir and E\u00b4 owyn and Meriadoc were laid in<br>beds in the Houses of Healing; and there they were tended<br>well. For though all lore was in these latter days fallen from<br>its fullness of old, the leechcraft of Gondor was still wise, and<br>skilled in the healing of wound and hurt, and all such sickness<br>as east of the Sea mortal men were subject to. Save old age<br>only. For that they had found no cure; and indeed the span<br>of their lives had now waned to little more than that of other<br>men, and those among them who passed the tale of five score<br>years with vigour were grown few, save in some houses of<br>purer blood. But now their art and knowledge were baffled;<br>1126 the return of the king<br>for there were many sick of a malady that would not be<br>healed; and they called it the Black Shadow, for it came from<br>the Nazgu\u02c6l. And those who were stricken with it fell slowly<br>into an ever deeper dream, and then passed to silence and a<br>deadly cold, and so died. And it seemed to the tenders of the<br>sick that on the Halfling and on the Lady of Rohan this<br>malady lay heavily. Still at whiles as the morning wore away<br>they would speak, murmuring in their dreams; and the<br>watchers listened to all that they said, hoping perhaps to learn<br>something that would help them to understand their hurts.<br>But soon they began to fall down into the darkness, and as<br>the sun turned west a grey shadow crept over their faces. But<br>Faramir burned with a fever that would not abate.<br>Gandalf went from one to the other full of care, and he<br>was told all that the watchers could hear. And so the day<br>passed, while the great battle outside went on with shifting<br>hopes and strange tidings; and still Gandalf waited and<br>watched and did not go forth; till at last the red sunset filled<br>all the sky, and the light through the windows fell on the grey<br>faces of the sick. Then it seemed to those who stood by that<br>in the glow the faces flushed softly as with health returning,<br>but it was only a mockery of hope.<br>Then an old wife, Ioreth, the eldest of the women who<br>served in that house, looking on the fair face of Faramir,<br>wept, for all the people loved him. And she said: \u2018Alas! if he<br>should die. Would that there were kings in Gondor, as there<br>were once upon a time, they say! For it is said in old lore:<br>The hands of the king are the hands of a healer. And so the<br>rightful king could ever be known.\u2019<br>And Gandalf, who stood by, said: \u2018Men may long remember your words, Ioreth! For there is hope in them. Maybe a<br>king has indeed returned to Gondor; or have you not heard<br>the strange tidings that have come to the City?\u2019<br>\u2018I have been too busy with this and that to heed all the<br>crying and shouting,\u2019 she answered. \u2018All I hope is that those<br>murdering devils do not come to this House and trouble the<br>sick.\u2019<br>the houses of healing 1127<br>Then Gandalf went out in haste, and already the fire in<br>the sky was burning out, and the smouldering hills were<br>fading, while ash-grey evening crept over the fields.<br>Now as the sun went down Aragorn and E\u00b4 omer and<br>Imrahil drew near the City with their captains and knights;<br>and when they came before the Gate Aragorn said:<br>\u2018Behold the Sun setting in a great fire! It is a sign of the<br>end and fall of many things, and a change in the tides of the<br>world. But this City and realm has rested in the charge of<br>the Stewards for many long years, and I fear that if I enter it<br>unbidden, then doubt and debate may arise, which should<br>not be while this war is fought. I will not enter in, nor make<br>any claim, until it be seen whether we or Mordor shall prevail.<br>Men shall pitch my tents upon the field, and here I will await<br>the welcome of the Lord of the City.\u2019<br>But E\u00b4 omer said: \u2018Already you have raised the banner of<br>the Kings and displayed the tokens of Elendil\u2019s House. Will<br>you suffer these to be challenged?\u2019<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018But I deem the time unripe; and I have<br>no mind for strife except with our Enemy and his servants.\u2019<br>And the Prince Imrahil said: \u2018Your words, lord, are wise,<br>if one who is a kinsman of the Lord Denethor may counsel<br>you in this matter. He is strong-willed and proud, but old;<br>and his mood has been strange since his son was stricken<br>down. Yet I would not have you remain like a beggar at the<br>door.\u2019<br>\u2018Not a beggar,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018Say a captain of the Rangers,<br>who are unused to cities and houses of stone.\u2019 And he commanded that his banner should be furled; and he did off the<br>Star of the North Kingdom and gave it to the keeping of the<br>sons of Elrond.<br>Then the Prince Imrahil and E\u00b4 omer of Rohan left him and<br>passed through the City and the tumult of the people, and<br>mounted to the Citadel; and they came to the Hall of the<br>Tower, seeking the Steward. But they found his chair empty,<br>1128 the return of the king<br>and before the dais lay The\u00b4oden King of the Mark upon a<br>bed of state; and twelve torches stood about it, and twelve<br>guards, knights both of Rohan and Gondor. And the hangings of the bed were of green and white, but upon the king<br>was laid the great cloth of gold up to his breast, and upon<br>that his unsheathed sword, and at his feet his shield. The<br>light of the torches shimmered in his white hair like sun in<br>the spray of a fountain, but his face was fair and young, save<br>that a peace lay on it beyond the reach of youth; and it<br>seemed that he slept.<br>When they had stood silent for a time beside the king,<br>Imrahil said: \u2018Where is the Steward? And where also is<br>Mithrandir?\u2019<br>And one of the guards answered: \u2018The Steward of Gondor<br>is in the Houses of Healing.\u2019<br>But E\u00b4 omer said: \u2018Where is the Lady E\u00b4 owyn, my sister; for<br>surely she should be lying beside the king, and in no less<br>honour? Where have they bestowed her?\u2019<br>And Imrahil said: \u2018But the Lady E\u00b4 owyn was yet living when<br>they bore her hither. Did you not know?\u2019<br>Then hope unlooked-for came so suddenly to E\u00b4 omer\u2019s<br>heart, and with it the bite of care and fear renewed, that he<br>said no more, but turned and went swiftly from the hall; and<br>the Prince followed him. And when they came forth evening<br>had fallen and many stars were in the sky. And there came<br>Gandalf on foot and with him one cloaked in grey; and they<br>met before the doors of the Houses of Healing. And they<br>greeted Gandalf and said: \u2018We seek the Steward, and men<br>say that he is in this House. Has any hurt befallen him? And<br>the Lady E\u00b4 owyn, where is she?\u2019<br>And Gandalf answered: \u2018She lies within and is not dead,<br>but is near death. But the Lord Faramir was wounded by an<br>evil dart, as you have heard, and he is now the Steward; for<br>Denethor has departed, and his house is in ashes.\u2019 And they<br>were filled with grief and wonder at the tale that he told.<br>But Imrahil said: \u2018So victory is shorn of gladness, and it is<br>bitter bought, if both Gondor and Rohan are in one day<br>the houses of healing 1129<br>bereft of their lords. E\u00b4 omer rules the Rohirrim. Who shall<br>rule the City meanwhile? Shall we not send now for the Lord<br>Aragorn?\u2019<br>And the cloaked man spoke and said: \u2018He is come.\u2019 And<br>they saw as he stepped into the light of the lantern by the<br>door that it was Aragorn, wrapped in the grey cloak of Lo\u00b4rien<br>above his mail, and bearing no other token than the green<br>stone of Galadriel. \u2018I have come because Gandalf begs me to<br>do so,\u2019 he said. \u2018But for the present I am but the Captain of<br>the Du\u00b4nedain of Arnor; and the Lord of Dol Amroth shall<br>rule the City until Faramir awakes. But it is my counsel that<br>Gandalf should rule us all in the days that follow and in our<br>dealings with the Enemy.\u2019 And they agreed upon that.<br>Then Gandalf said: \u2018Let us not stay at the door, for the<br>time is urgent. Let us enter! For it is only in the coming of<br>Aragorn that any hope remains for the sick that lie in the<br>House. Thus spake Ioreth, wise-woman of Gondor: The<br>hands of the king are the hands of a healer, and so shall the<br>rightful king be known.\u2019<br>Then Aragorn entered first and the others followed. And<br>there at the door were two guards in the livery of the Citadel:<br>one tall, but the other scarce the height of a boy; and when<br>he saw them he cried aloud in surprise and joy.<br>\u2018Strider! How splendid! Do you know, I guessed it was you<br>in the black ships. But they were all shouting corsairs and<br>wouldn\u2019t listen to me. How did you do it?\u2019<br>Aragorn laughed, and took the hobbit by the hand. \u2018Well<br>met indeed!\u2019 he said. \u2018But there is not time yet for travellers\u2019<br>tales.\u2019<br>But Imrahil said to E\u00b4 omer: \u2018Is it thus that we speak to our<br>kings? Yet maybe he will wear his crown in some other name!\u2019<br>And Aragorn hearing him, turned and said: \u2018Verily, for in<br>the high tongue of old I am Elessar, the Elfstone, and Envinyatar, the Renewer\u2019: and he lifted from his breast the green<br>stone that lay there. \u2018But Strider shall be the name of my<br>house, if that be ever established. In the high tongue it will<br>1130 the return of the king<br>not sound so ill, and Telcontar I will be and all the heirs of<br>my body.\u2019<br>And with that they passed into the House; and as they<br>went towards the rooms where the sick were tended Gandalf<br>told of the deeds of E\u00b4 owyn and Meriadoc. \u2018For,\u2019 he said,<br>\u2018long have I stood by them, and at first they spoke much in<br>their dreaming, before they sank into the deadly darkness.<br>Also it is given to me to see many things far off.\u2019<br>Aragorn went first to Faramir, and then to the Lady<br>E\u00b4 owyn, and last to Merry. When he had looked on the faces<br>of the sick and seen their hurts he sighed. \u2018Here I must put<br>forth all such power and skill as is given to me,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018Would that Elrond were here, for he is the eldest of all our<br>race, and has the greater power.\u2019<br>And E\u00b4 omer seeing that he was both sorrowful and weary<br>said: \u2018First you must rest, surely, and at the least eat a little?\u2019<br>But Aragorn answered: \u2018Nay, for these three, and most<br>soon for Faramir, time is running out. All speed is needed.\u2019<br>Then he called to Ioreth and he said: \u2018You have store in<br>this House of the herbs of healing?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, lord,\u2019 she answered; \u2018but not enough, I reckon, for<br>all that will need them. But I am sure I do not know where<br>we shall find more; for all things are amiss in these dreadful<br>days, what with fires and burnings, and the lads that run<br>errands so few, and all the roads blocked. Why, it is days out<br>of count since ever a carrier came in from Lossarnach to the<br>market! But we do our best in this House with what we have,<br>as I am sure your lordship will know.\u2019<br>\u2018I will judge that when I see,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018One thing also<br>is short, time for speech. Have you athelas?\u2019<br>\u2018I do not know, I am sure, lord,\u2019 she answered, \u2018at least not<br>by that name. I will go and ask of the herb-master; he knows<br>all the old names.\u2019<br>\u2018It is also called kingsfoil,\u2019 said Aragorn; \u2018and maybe you<br>know it by that name, for so the country-folk call it in these<br>latter days.\u2019<br>\u2018Oh that!\u2019 said Ioreth. \u2018Well, if your lordship had named it<br>the houses of healing 1131<br>at first I could have told you. No, we have none of it, I am<br>sure. Why, I have never heard that it had any great virtue;<br>and indeed I have often said to my sisters when we came<br>upon it growing in the woods: \u2018\u2018kingsfoil\u2019\u2019, I said, \u2018\u2018\u2019tis a<br>strange name, and I wonder why \u2019tis called so; for if I were a<br>king, I would have plants more bright in my garden\u2019\u2019. Still it<br>smells sweet when bruised, does it not? If sweet is the right<br>word: wholesome, maybe, is nearer.\u2019<br>\u2018Wholesome verily,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018And now, dame, if you<br>love the Lord Faramir, run as quick as your tongue and get<br>me kingsfoil, if there is a leaf in the City.\u2019<br>\u2018And if not,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018I will ride to Lossarnach with<br>Ioreth behind me, and she shall take me to the woods, but<br>not to her sisters. And Shadowfax shall show her the meaning<br>of haste.\u2019<br>When Ioreth was gone, Aragorn bade the other women to<br>make water hot. Then he took Faramir\u2019s hand in his, and laid<br>the other hand upon the sick man\u2019s brow. It was drenched<br>with sweat; but Faramir did not move or make any sign, and<br>seemed hardly to breathe.<br>\u2018He is nearly spent,\u2019 said Aragorn turning to Gandalf. \u2018But<br>this comes not from the wound. See! that is healing. Had he<br>been smitten by some dart of the Nazgu\u02c6l, as you thought, he<br>would have died that night. This hurt was given by some<br>Southron arrow, I would guess. Who drew it forth? Was it<br>kept?\u2019<br>\u2018I drew it forth,\u2019 said Imrahil, \u2018and staunched the wound.<br>But I did not keep the arrow, for we had much to do. It was,<br>as I remember, just such a dart as the Southrons use. Yet I<br>believed that it came from the Shadows above, for else his<br>fever and sickness were not to be understood; since the<br>wound was not deep or vital. How then do you read the<br>matter?\u2019<br>\u2018Weariness, grief for his father\u2019s mood, a wound, and over<br>all the Black Breath,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018He is a man of staunch<br>will, for already he had come close under the Shadow before<br>1132 the return of the king<br>ever he rode to battle on the out-walls. Slowly the dark must<br>have crept on him, even as he fought and strove to hold his<br>outpost. Would that I could have been here sooner!\u2019<br>Thereupon the herb-master entered. \u2018Your lordship asked<br>for kingsfoil, as the rustics name it,\u2019 he said; \u2018or athelas in<br>the noble tongue, or to those who know somewhat of the<br>Valinorean\u2026\u2019<br>\u2018I do so,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018and I care not whether you say<br>now ase\u00a8a aranion or kingsfoil, so long as you have some.\u2019<br>\u2018Your pardon lord!\u2019 said the man. \u2018I see you are a loremaster, not merely a captain of war. But alas! sir, we do not<br>keep this thing in the Houses of Healing, where only the<br>gravely hurt or sick are tended. For it has no virtue that we<br>know of, save perhaps to sweeten a fouled air, or to drive<br>away some passing heaviness. Unless, of course, you give<br>heed to rhymes of old days which women such as our good<br>Ioreth still repeat without understanding.<br>When the black breath blows<br>and death\u2019s shadow grows<br>and all lights pass,<br>come athelas! come athelas!<br>Life to the dying<br>In the king\u2019s hand lying!<br>It is but a doggrel, I fear, garbled in the memory of old wives.<br>Its meaning I leave to your judgement, if indeed it has any.<br>But old folk still use an infusion of the herb for headaches.\u2019<br>\u2018Then in the name of the king, go and find some old man<br>of less lore and more wisdom who keeps some in his house!\u2019<br>cried Gandalf.<br>Now Aragorn knelt beside Faramir, and held a hand upon<br>his brow. And those that watched felt that some great struggle<br>was going on. For Aragorn\u2019s face grew grey with weariness;<br>and ever and anon he called the name of Faramir, but each<br>the houses of healing 1133<br>time more faintly to their hearing, as if Aragorn himself was<br>removed from them, and walked afar in some dark vale,<br>calling for one that was lost.<br>And at last Bergil came running in, and he bore six leaves<br>in a cloth. \u2018It is kingsfoil, Sir,\u2019 he said; \u2018but not fresh, I fear.<br>It must have been culled two weeks ago at the least. I hope<br>it will serve, Sir?\u2019 Then looking at Faramir he burst into<br>tears.<br>But Aragorn smiled. \u2018It will serve,\u2019 he said. \u2018The worst is<br>now over. Stay and be comforted!\u2019 Then taking two leaves,<br>he laid them on his hands and breathed on them, and then<br>he crushed them, and straightway a living freshness filled the<br>room, as if the air itself awoke and tingled, sparkling with joy.<br>And then he cast the leaves into the bowls of steaming water<br>that were brought to him, and at once all hearts were lightened. For the fragrance that came to each was like a memory<br>of dewy mornings of unshadowed sun in some land of which<br>the fair world in spring is itself but a fleeting memory. But<br>Aragorn stood up as one refreshed, and his eyes smiled as he<br>held a bowl before Faramir\u2019s dreaming face.<br>\u2018Well now! Who would have believed it?\u2019 said Ioreth to a<br>woman that stood beside her. \u2018The weed is better than I<br>thought. It reminds me of the roses of Imloth Melui when<br>I was a lass, and no king could ask for better.\u2019<br>Suddenly Faramir stirred, and he opened his eyes, and he<br>looked on Aragorn who bent over him; and a light of knowledge and love was kindled in his eyes, and he spoke softly.<br>\u2018My lord, you called me. I come. What does the king<br>command?\u2019<br>\u2018Walk no more in the shadows, but awake!\u2019 said Aragorn.<br>\u2018You are weary. Rest a while, and take food, and be ready<br>when I return.\u2019<br>\u2018I will, lord,\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018For who would lie idle when<br>the king has returned?\u2019<br>\u2018Farewell then for a while!\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018I must go to<br>others who need me.\u2019 And he left the chamber with Gandalf<br>and Imrahil; but Beregond and his son remained behind,<br>1134 the return of the king<br>unable to contain their joy. As he followed Gandalf and shut<br>the door Pippin heard Ioreth exclaim:<br>\u2018King! Did you hear that? What did I say? The hands of a<br>healer, I said.\u2019 And soon the word had gone out from the<br>House that the king was indeed come among them, and after<br>war he brought healing; and the news ran through the City.<br>But Aragorn came to E\u00b4 owyn, and he said: \u2018Here there is a<br>grievous hurt and a heavy blow. The arm that was broken<br>has been tended with due skill, and it will mend in time, if<br>she has the strength to live. It is the shield-arm that is maimed;<br>but the chief evil comes through the sword-arm. In that there<br>now seems no life, although it is unbroken.<br>\u2018Alas! For she was pitted against a foe beyond the strength<br>of her mind or body. And those who will take a weapon to<br>such an enemy must be sterner than steel, if the very shock<br>shall not destroy them. It was an evil doom that set her in his<br>path. For she is a fair maiden, fairest lady of a house of<br>queens. And yet I know not how I should speak of her. When<br>I first looked on her and perceived her unhappiness, it seemed<br>to me that I saw a white flower standing straight and proud,<br>shapely as a lily, and yet knew that it was hard, as if wrought<br>by elf-wrights out of steel. Or was it, maybe, a frost that had<br>turned its sap to ice, and so it stood, bitter-sweet, still fair to<br>see, but stricken, soon to fall and die? Her malady begins far<br>back before this day, does it not, E\u00b4 omer?\u2019<br>\u2018I marvel that you should ask me, lord,\u2019 he answered. \u2018For<br>I hold you blameless in this matter, as in all else; yet I knew<br>not that E\u00b4 owyn, my sister, was touched by any frost, until<br>she first looked on you. Care and dread she had, and shared<br>with me, in the days of Wormtongue and the king\u2019s bewitchment; and she tended the king in growing fear. But that did<br>not bring her to this pass!\u2019<br>\u2018My friend,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018you had horses, and deeds of<br>arms, and the free fields; but she, born in the body of a maid,<br>had a spirit and courage at least the match of yours. Yet she<br>was doomed to wait upon an old man, whom she loved as a<br>the houses of healing 1135<br>father, and watch him falling into a mean dishonoured dotage; and her part seemed to her more ignoble than that of<br>the staff he leaned on.<br>\u2018Think you that Wormtongue had poison only for<br>The\u00b4oden\u2019s ears? Dotard! What is the house of Eorl but a<br>thatched barn where brigands drink in the reek, and their<br>brats roll on the floor among their dogs? Have you not heard<br>those words before? Saruman spoke them, the teacher of<br>Wormtongue. Though I do not doubt that Wormtongue at<br>home wrapped their meaning in terms more cunning. My<br>lord, if your sister\u2019s love for you, and her will still bent to<br>her duty, had not restrained her lips, you might have heard<br>even such things as these escape them. But who knows what<br>she spoke to the darkness, alone, in the bitter watches of the<br>night, when all her life seemed shrinking, and the walls of her<br>bower closing in about her, a hutch to trammel some wild<br>thing in?\u2019<br>Then E\u00b4 omer was silent, and looked on his sister, as if<br>pondering anew all the days of their past life together. But<br>Aragorn said: \u2018I saw also what you saw, E\u00b4 omer. Few other<br>griefs amid the ill chances of this world have more bitterness<br>and shame for a man\u2019s heart than to behold the love of a lady<br>so fair and brave that cannot be returned. Sorrow and pity<br>have followed me ever since I left her desperate in Dunharrow<br>and rode to the Paths of the Dead; and no fear upon that<br>way was so present as the fear for what might befall her. And<br>yet, E\u00b4 omer, I say to you that she loves you more truly than<br>me; for you she loves and knows; but in me she loves only a<br>shadow and a thought: a hope of glory and great deeds, and<br>lands far from the fields of Rohan.<br>\u2018I have, maybe, the power to heal her body, and to recall<br>her from the dark valley. But to what she will awake: hope,<br>or forgetfulness, or despair, I do not know. And if to despair,<br>then she will die, unless other healing comes which I cannot<br>bring. Alas! for her deeds have set her among the queens of<br>great renown.\u2019<br>Then Aragorn stooped and looked in her face, and it was<br>1136 the return of the king<br>indeed white as a lily, cold as frost, and hard as graven stone.<br>But he bent and kissed her on the brow, and called her softly,<br>saying:<br>\u2018E\u00b4 owyn E\u00b4 omund\u2019s daughter, awake! For your enemy has<br>passed away!\u2019<br>She did not stir, but now she began again to breathe deeply,<br>so that her breast rose and fell beneath the white linen of the<br>sheet. Once more Aragorn bruised two leaves of athelas and<br>cast them into steaming water; and he laved her brow with<br>it, and her right arm lying cold and nerveless on the coverlet.<br>Then, whether Aragorn had indeed some forgotten power<br>of Westernesse, or whether it was but his words of the Lady<br>E\u00b4 owyn that wrought on them, as the sweet influence of the<br>herb stole about the chamber it seemed to those who stood<br>by that a keen wind blew through the window, and it bore<br>no scent, but was an air wholly fresh and clean and young,<br>as if it had not before been breathed by any living thing and<br>came new-made from snowy mountains high beneath a dome<br>of stars, or from shores of silver far away washed by seas of<br>foam.<br>\u2018Awake, E\u00b4 owyn, Lady of Rohan!\u2019 said Aragorn again, and<br>he took her right hand in his and felt it warm with life<br>returning. \u2018Awake! The shadow is gone and all darkness is<br>washed clean!\u2019 Then he laid her hand in E\u00b4 omer\u2019s and stepped<br>away. \u2018Call her!\u2019 he said, and he passed silently from the<br>chamber.<br>\u2018E\u00b4 owyn, E\u00b4 owyn!\u2019 cried E\u00b4 omer amid his tears. But she<br>opened her eyes and said: \u2018E\u00b4 omer! What joy is this? For they<br>said that you were slain. Nay, but that was only the dark<br>voices in my dream. How long have I been dreaming?\u2019<br>\u2018Not long, my sister,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018But think no more<br>on it!\u2019<br>\u2018I am strangely weary,\u2019 she said. \u2018I must rest a little. But<br>tell me, what of the Lord of the Mark? Alas! Do not tell me<br>that that was a dream; for I know that it was not. He is dead<br>as he foresaw.\u2019<br>\u2018He is dead,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer, \u2018but he bade me say farewell to<br>the houses of healing 1137<br>E\u00b4 owyn, dearer than daughter. He lies now in great honour in<br>the Citadel of Gondor.\u2019<br>\u2018That is grievous,\u2019 she said. \u2018And yet it is good beyond all<br>that I dared hope in the dark days, when it seemed that the<br>House of Eorl was sunk in honour less than any shepherd\u2019s<br>cot. And what of the king\u2019s esquire, the Halfling? E\u00b4 omer, you<br>shall make him a knight of the Riddermark, for he is valiant!\u2019<br>\u2018He lies nearby in this House, and I will go to him,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018E\u00b4 omer shall stay here for a while. But do not speak<br>yet of war or woe, until you are made whole again. Great<br>gladness it is to see you wake again to health and hope, so<br>valiant a lady!\u2019<br>\u2018To health?\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn. \u2018It may be so. At least while there<br>is an empty saddle of some fallen Rider that I can fill, and<br>there are deeds to do. But to hope? I do not know.\u2019<br>Gandalf and Pippin came to Merry\u2019s room, and there they<br>found Aragorn standing by the bed. \u2018Poor old Merry!\u2019 cried<br>Pippin, and he ran to the bedside, for it seemed to him that<br>his friend looked worse and a greyness was in his face, as if<br>a weight of years of sorrow lay on him; and suddenly a fear<br>seized Pippin that Merry would die.<br>\u2018Do not be afraid,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018I came in time, and I<br>have called him back. He is weary now, and grieved, and he<br>has taken a hurt like the Lady E\u00b4 owyn, daring to smite that<br>deadly thing. But these evils can be amended, so strong and<br>gay a spirit is in him. His grief he will not forget; but it will<br>not darken his heart, it will teach him wisdom.\u2019<br>Then Aragorn laid his hand on Merry\u2019s head, and passing<br>his hand gently through the brown curls, he touched the<br>eyelids, and called him by name. And when the fragrance of<br>athelas stole through the room, like the scent of orchards, and<br>of heather in the sunshine full of bees, suddenly Merry awoke,<br>and he said:<br>\u2018I am hungry. What is the time?\u2019<br>\u2018Past supper-time now,\u2019 said Pippin; \u2018though I daresay I<br>could bring you something, if they will let me.\u2019<br>1138 the return of the king<br>\u2018They will indeed,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018And anything else that<br>this Rider of Rohan may desire, if it can be found in Minas<br>Tirith, where his name is in honour.\u2019<br>\u2018Good!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Then I would like supper first, and<br>after that a pipe.\u2019 At that his face clouded. \u2018No, not a pipe.<br>I don\u2019t think I\u2019ll smoke again.\u2019<br>\u2018Why not?\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018Well,\u2019 answered Merry slowly. \u2018He is dead. It has brought<br>it all back to me. He said he was sorry he had never had a<br>chance of talking herb-lore with me. Almost the last thing he<br>ever said. I shan\u2019t ever be able to smoke again without thinking of him, and that day, Pippin, when he rode up to Isengard<br>and was so polite.\u2019<br>\u2018Smoke then, and think of him!\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018For he was<br>a gentle heart and a great king and kept his oaths; and he<br>rose out of the shadows to a last fair morning. Though your<br>service to him was brief, it should be a memory glad and<br>honourable to the end of your days.\u2019<br>Merry smiled. \u2018Well then,\u2019 he said, \u2018if Strider will provide<br>what is needed, I will smoke and think. I had some of<br>Saruman\u2019s best in my pack, but what became of it in the<br>battle, I am sure I don\u2019t know.\u2019<br>\u2018Master Meriadoc,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018if you think that I have<br>passed through the mountains and the realm of Gondor<br>with fire and sword to bring herbs to a careless soldier who<br>throws away his gear, you are mistaken. If your pack has not<br>been found, then you must send for the herb-master of this<br>House. And he will tell you that he did not know that the<br>herb you desire had any virtues, but that it is called westmansweed by the vulgar, and galenas by the noble, and other<br>names in other tongues more learned, and after adding<br>a few half-forgotten rhymes that he does not understand, he<br>will regretfully inform you that there is none in the House,<br>and he will leave you to reflect on the history of tongues. And<br>so now must I. For I have not slept in such a bed as this,<br>since I rode from Dunharrow, nor eaten since the dark before<br>dawn.\u2019<br>the houses of healing 1139<br>Merry seized his hand and kissed it. \u2018I am frightfully sorry,\u2019<br>he said. \u2018Go at once! Ever since that night at Bree we have<br>been a nuisance to you. But it is the way of my people to use<br>light words at such times and say less than they mean. We<br>fear to say too much. It robs us of the right words when a<br>jest is out of place.\u2019<br>\u2018I know that well, or I would not deal with you in the same<br>way,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018May the Shire live for ever unwithered!\u2019<br>And kissing Merry he went out, and Gandalf went with him.<br>Pippin remained behind. \u2018Was there ever anyone like him?\u2019<br>he said. \u2018Except Gandalf, of course. I think they must be<br>related. My dear ass, your pack is lying by your bed, and you<br>had it on your back when I met you. He saw it all the time,<br>of course. And anyway I have some stuff of my own. Come<br>on now! Longbottom Leaf it is. Fill up while I run and see<br>about some food. And then let\u2019s be easy for a bit. Dear<br>me! We Tooks and Brandybucks, we can\u2019t live long on the<br>heights.\u2019<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018I can\u2019t. Not yet, at any rate. But at least,<br>Pippin, we can now see them, and honour them. It is best to<br>love first what you are fitted to love, I suppose: you must<br>start somewhere and have some roots, and the soil of the<br>Shire is deep. Still there are things deeper and higher; and<br>not a gaffer could tend his garden in what he calls peace but<br>for them, whether he knows about them or not. I am glad<br>that I know about them, a little. But I don\u2019t know why I am<br>talking like this. Where is that leaf ? And get my pipe out of<br>my pack, if it isn\u2019t broken.\u2019<br>Aragorn and Gandalf went now to the Warden of the<br>Houses of Healing, and they counselled him that Faramir<br>and E\u00b4 owyn should remain there and still be tended with care<br>for many days.<br>\u2018The Lady E\u00b4 owyn,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018will wish soon to rise<br>and depart; but she should not be permitted to do so, if you<br>can in any way restrain her, until at least ten days be passed.\u2019<br>1140 the return of the king<br>\u2018As for Faramir,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018he must soon learn that<br>his father is dead. But the full tale of the madness of Denethor<br>should not be told to him, until he is quite healed and has<br>duties to do. See that Beregond and the perian who were<br>present do not speak to him of these things yet!\u2019<br>\u2018And the other perian, Meriadoc, who is under my care,<br>what of him?\u2019 said the Warden.<br>\u2018It is likely that he will be fit to arise tomorrow, for a short<br>while,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018Let him do so, if he wishes. He may<br>walk a little in the care of his friends.\u2019<br>\u2018They are a remarkable race,\u2019 said the Warden, nodding<br>his head. \u2018Very tough in the fibre, I deem.\u2019<br>At the doors of the Houses many were already gathered to<br>see Aragorn, and they followed after him; and when at last<br>he had supped, men came and prayed that he would heal their<br>kinsmen or their friends whose lives were in peril through hurt<br>or wound, or who lay under the Black Shadow. And Aragorn<br>arose and went out, and he sent for the sons of Elrond, and<br>together they laboured far into the night. And word went<br>through the City: \u2018The King is come again indeed.\u2019 And they<br>named him Elfstone, because of the green stone that he wore,<br>and so the name which it was foretold at his birth that he<br>should bear was chosen for him by his own people.<br>And when he could labour no more, he cast his cloak about<br>him, and slipped out of the City, and went to his tent just ere<br>dawn and slept for a little. And in the morning the banner of<br>Dol Amroth, a white ship like a swan upon blue water, floated<br>from the Tower, and men looked up and wondered if the<br>coming of the King had been but a dream.<br>Chapter 9<br>THE LAST DEBATE<br>The morning came after the day of battle, and it was fair<br>with light clouds and the wind turning westward. Legolas<br>and Gimli were early abroad, and they begged leave to go up<br>into the City; for they were eager to see Merry and Pippin.<br>\u2018It is good to learn that they are still alive,\u2019 said Gimli; \u2018for<br>they cost us great pains in our march over Rohan, and I<br>would not have such pains all wasted.\u2019<br>Together the Elf and the Dwarf entered Minas Tirith, and<br>folk that saw them pass marvelled to see such companions;<br>for Legolas was fair of face beyond the measure of Men, and<br>he sang an elven-song in a clear voice as he walked in the<br>morning; but Gimli stalked beside him, stroking his beard<br>and staring about him.<br>\u2018There is some good stone-work here,\u2019 he said as he looked<br>at the walls; \u2018but also some that is less good, and the streets<br>could be better contrived. When Aragorn comes into his own,<br>I shall offer him the service of stonewrights of the Mountain,<br>and we will make this a town to be proud of.\u2019<br>\u2018They need more gardens,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018The houses are<br>dead, and there is too little here that grows and is glad. If<br>Aragorn comes into his own, the people of the Wood shall<br>bring him birds that sing and trees that do not die.\u2019<br>At length they came to the Prince Imrahil, and Legolas<br>looked at him and bowed low; for he saw that here indeed<br>was one who had elven-blood in his veins. \u2018Hail, lord!\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018It is long since the people of Nimrodel left the woodlands of<br>Lo\u00b4rien, and yet still one may see that not all sailed from<br>Amroth\u2019s haven west over water.\u2019<br>\u2018So it is said in the lore of my land,\u2019 said the Prince; \u2018yet<br>1142 the return of the king<br>never has one of the fair folk been seen there for years beyond<br>count. And I marvel to see one here now in the midst of<br>sorrow and war. What do you seek?\u2019<br>\u2018I am one of the Nine Companions who set out with<br>Mithrandir from Imladris,\u2019 said Legolas; \u2018and with this<br>Dwarf, my friend, I came with the Lord Aragorn. But now<br>we wish to see our friends, Meriadoc and Peregrin, who are<br>in your keeping, we are told.\u2019<br>\u2018You will find them in the Houses of Healing, and I will<br>lead you thither,\u2019 said Imrahil.<br>\u2018It will be enough if you send one to guide us, lord,\u2019 said<br>Legolas. \u2018For Aragorn sends this message to you. He does<br>not wish to enter the City again at this time. Yet there is need<br>for the captains to hold council at once, and he prays that<br>you and E\u00b4 omer of Rohan will come down to his tents, as<br>soon as may be. Mithrandir is already there.\u2019<br>\u2018We will come,\u2019 said Imrahil; and they parted with<br>courteous words.<br>\u2018That is a fair lord and a great captain of men,\u2019 said<br>Legolas. \u2018If Gondor has such men still in these days of fading,<br>great must have been its glory in the days of its rising.\u2019<br>\u2018And doubtless the good stone-work is the older and was<br>wrought in the first building,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018It is ever so with<br>the things that Men begin: there is a frost in Spring, or a<br>blight in Summer, and they fail of their promise.\u2019<br>\u2018Yet seldom do they fail of their seed,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018And<br>that will lie in the dust and rot to spring up again in times<br>and places unlooked-for. The deeds of Men will outlast us,<br>Gimli.\u2019<br>\u2018And yet come to naught in the end but might-have-beens,<br>I guess,\u2019 said the Dwarf.<br>\u2018To that the Elves know not the answer,\u2019 said Legolas.<br>With that the servant of the Prince came and led them to<br>the Houses of Healing; and there they found their friends in<br>the garden, and their meeting was a merry one. For a while<br>they walked and talked, rejoicing for a brief space in peace<br>the last debate 1143<br>and rest under the morning high up in the windy circles of<br>the City. Then when Merry became weary, they went and<br>sat upon the wall with the greensward of the Houses of Healing behind them; and away southward before them was the<br>Anduin glittering in the sun, as it flowed away, out of the<br>sight even of Legolas, into the wide flats and green haze of<br>Lebennin and South Ithilien.<br>And now Legolas fell silent, while the others talked, and<br>he looked out against the sun, and as he gazed he saw white<br>sea-birds beating up the River.<br>\u2018Look!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Gulls! They are flying far inland. A<br>wonder they are to me and a trouble to my heart. Never in<br>all my life had I met them, until we came to Pelargir, and<br>there I heard them crying in the air as we rode to the battle<br>of the ships. Then I stood still, forgetting war in Middle-earth;<br>for their wailing voices spoke to me of the Sea. The Sea!<br>Alas! I have not yet beheld it. But deep in the hearts of all<br>my kindred lies the sea-longing, which it is perilous to stir.<br>Alas! for the gulls. No peace shall I have again under beech<br>or under elm.\u2019<br>\u2018Say not so!\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018There are countless things still to<br>see in Middle-earth, and great works to do. But if all the fair<br>folk take to the Havens, it will be a duller world for those<br>who are doomed to stay.\u2019<br>\u2018Dull and dreary indeed!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018You must not go to<br>the Havens, Legolas. There will always be some folk, big or<br>little, and even a few wise dwarves like Gimli, who need you.<br>At least I hope so. Though I feel somehow that the worst of<br>this war is still to come. How I wish it was all over, and well<br>over!\u2019<br>\u2018Don\u2019t be so gloomy!\u2019 cried Pippin. \u2018The Sun is shining,<br>and here we are together for a day or two at least. I want to<br>hear more about you all. Come, Gimli! You and Legolas have<br>mentioned your strange journey with Strider about a dozen<br>times already this morning. But you haven\u2019t told me anything<br>about it.\u2019<br>\u2018The Sun may shine here,\u2019 said Gimli, \u2018but there are<br>1144 the return of the king<br>memories of that road that I do not wish to recall out of the<br>darkness. Had I known what was before me, I think that not<br>for any friendship would I have taken the Paths of the Dead.\u2019<br>\u2018The Paths of the Dead?\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018I heard Aragorn say<br>that, and I wondered what he could mean. Won\u2019t you tell us<br>some more?\u2019<br>\u2018Not willingly,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018For upon that road I was put<br>to shame: Gimli Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son, who had deemed himself more<br>tough than Men, and hardier under earth than any Elf. But<br>neither did I prove; and I was held to the road only by the<br>will of Aragorn.\u2019<br>\u2018And by the love of him also,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018For all those<br>who come to know him come to love him after their own<br>fashion, even the cold maiden of the Rohirrim. It was at early<br>morn of the day ere you came there, Merry, that we left<br>Dunharrow, and such a fear was on all the folk that none<br>would look on our going, save the Lady E\u00b4 owyn, who lies now<br>hurt in the House below. There was grief at that parting, and<br>I was grieved to behold it.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas! I had heart only for myself,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018Nay! I will<br>not speak of that journey.\u2019<br>He fell silent; but Pippin and Merry were so eager for news<br>that at last Legolas said: \u2018I will tell you enough for your peace;<br>for I felt not the horror, and I feared not the shadows of Men,<br>powerless and frail as I deemed them.\u2019<br>Swiftly then he told of the haunted road under the mountains, and the dark tryst at Erech, and the great ride thence,<br>ninety leagues and three, to Pelargir on Anduin. \u2018Four days<br>and nights, and on into a fifth, we rode from the Black Stone,\u2019<br>he said. \u2018And lo! in the darkness of Mordor my hope rose;<br>for in that gloom the Shadow Host seemed to grow stronger<br>and more terrible to look upon. Some I saw riding, some<br>striding, yet all moving with the same great speed. Silent they<br>were, but there was a gleam in their eyes. In the uplands of<br>Lamedon they overtook our horses, and swept round us, and<br>would have passed us by, if Aragorn had not forbidden them.<br>\u2018At his command they fell back. \u2018\u2018Even the shades of Men<br>the last debate 1145<br>are obedient to his will,\u2019\u2019 I thought. \u2018\u2018They may serve his<br>needs yet!\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018One day of light we rode, and then came the day without<br>dawn, and still we rode on, and Ciril and Ringlo\u00b4 we crossed;<br>and on the third day we came to Linhir above the mouth of<br>Gilrain. And there men of Lamedon contested the fords with<br>fell folk of Umbar and Harad who had sailed up the river.<br>But defenders and foes alike gave up the battle and fled when<br>we came, crying out that the King of the Dead was upon<br>them. Only Angbor, Lord of Lamedon, had the heart to abide<br>us; and Aragorn bade him gather his folk and come behind,<br>if they dared, when the Grey Host had passed.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018At Pelargir the Heir of Isildur will have need of you,\u2019\u2019<br>he said.<br>\u2018Thus we crossed over Gilrain, driving the allies of Mordor<br>in rout before us; and then we rested a while. But soon<br>Aragorn arose, saying: \u2018\u2018Lo! already Minas Tirith is assailed.<br>I fear that it will fall ere we come to its aid.\u2019\u2019 So we mounted<br>again before night had passed and went on with all the speed<br>that our horses could endure over the plains of Lebennin.\u2019<br>Legolas paused and sighed, and turning his eyes southward<br>softly he sang:<br>Silver flow the streams from Celos to Erui<br>In the green fields of Lebennin!<br>Tall grows the grass there. In the wind from the Sea<br>The white lilies sway,<br>And the golden bells are shaken of mallos and alfirin<br>In the green fields of Lebennin,<br>In the wind from the Sea!<br>\u2018Green are those fields in the songs of my people; but they<br>were dark then, grey wastes in the blackness before us. And<br>over the wide land, trampling unheeded the grass and the<br>flowers, we hunted our foes through a day and a night, until<br>we came at the bitter end to the Great River at last.<br>\u2018Then I thought in my heart that we drew near to the<br>1146 the return of the king<br>Sea; for wide was the water in the darkness, and sea-birds<br>innumerable cried on its shores. Alas for the wailing of the<br>gulls! Did not the Lady tell me to beware of them? And now<br>I cannot forget them.\u2019<br>\u2018For my part I heeded them not,\u2019 said Gimli; \u2018for we came<br>then at last upon battle in earnest. There at Pelargir lay the<br>main fleet of Umbar, fifty great ships and smaller vessels<br>beyond count. Many of those that we pursued had reached<br>the havens before us, and brought their fear with them; and<br>some of the ships had put off, seeking to escape down the<br>River or to reach the far shore; and many of the smaller craft<br>were ablaze. But the Haradrim, being now driven to the<br>brink, turned at bay, and they were fierce in despair; and they<br>laughed when they looked on us, for they were a great army<br>still.<br>\u2018But Aragorn halted and cried with a great voice: \u2018\u2018Now<br>come! By the Black Stone I call you!\u2019\u2019 And suddenly the<br>Shadow Host that had hung back at the last came up like a<br>grey tide, sweeping all away before it. Faint cries I heard, and<br>dim horns blowing, and a murmur as of countless far voices:<br>it was like the echo of some forgotten battle in the Dark Years<br>long ago. Pale swords were drawn; but I know not whether<br>their blades would still bite, for the Dead needed no longer<br>any weapon but fear. None would withstand them.<br>\u2018To every ship they came that was drawn up, and then<br>they passed over the water to those that were anchored; and<br>all the mariners were filled with a madness of terror and<br>leaped overboard, save the slaves chained to the oars. Reckless we rode among our fleeing foes, driving them like leaves,<br>until we came to the shore. And then to each of the great<br>ships that remained Aragorn sent one of the Du\u00b4nedain, and<br>they comforted the captives that were aboard, and bade them<br>put aside fear and be free.<br>\u2018Ere that dark day ended none of the enemy were left to<br>resist us; all were drowned, or were flying south in the hope<br>to find their own lands upon foot. Strange and wonderful I<br>thought it that the designs of Mordor should be overthrown<br>the last debate 1147<br>by such wraiths of fear and darkness. With its own weapons<br>was it worsted!\u2019<br>\u2018Strange indeed,\u2019 said Legolas. \u2018In that hour I looked on<br>Aragorn and thought how great and terrible a Lord he might<br>have become in the strength of his will, had he taken the Ring<br>to himself. Not for naught does Mordor fear him. But nobler<br>is his spirit than the understanding of Sauron; for is he not<br>of the children of Lu\u00b4thien? Never shall that line fail, though<br>the years may lengthen beyond count.\u2019<br>\u2018Beyond the eyes of the Dwarves are such foretellings,\u2019 said<br>Gimli. \u2018But mighty indeed was Aragorn that day. Lo! all the<br>black fleet was in his hands; and he chose the greatest ship<br>to be his own, and he went up into it. Then he let sound a<br>great concourse of trumpets taken from the enemy; and the<br>Shadow Host withdrew to the shore. There they stood silent,<br>hardly to be seen, save for a red gleam in their eyes that<br>caught the glare of the ships that were burning. And Aragorn<br>spoke in a loud voice to the Dead Men, crying:<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Hear now the words of the Heir of Isildur! Your oath is<br>fulfilled. Go back and trouble not the valleys ever again!<br>Depart and be at rest!\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018And thereupon the King of the Dead stood out before the<br>host and broke his spear and cast it down. Then he bowed<br>low and turned away; and swiftly the whole grey host drew<br>off and vanished like a mist that is driven back by a sudden<br>wind; and it seemed to me that I awoke from a dream.<br>\u2018That night we rested while others laboured. For there were<br>many captives set free, and many slaves released who had<br>been folk of Gondor taken in raids; and soon also there was<br>a great gathering of men out of Lebennin and the Ethir, and<br>Angbor of Lamedon came up with all the horsemen that he<br>could muster. Now that the fear of the Dead was removed<br>they came to aid us and to look on the Heir of Isildur; for the<br>rumour of that name had run like fire in the dark.<br>\u2018And that is near the end of our tale. For during that<br>evening and night many ships were made ready and manned;<br>and in the morning the fleet set forth. Long past it now seems,<br>1148 the return of the king<br>yet it was but the morn of the day ere yesterday, the sixth<br>since we rode from Dunharrow. But still Aragorn was driven<br>by fear that time was too short.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018It is forty leagues and two from Pelargir to the landings<br>at the Harlond,\u2019\u2019 he said. \u2018\u2018Yet to the Harlond we must come<br>tomorrow or fail utterly.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018The oars were now wielded by free men, and manfully<br>they laboured; yet slowly we passed up the Great River, for<br>we strove against its stream, and though that is not swift<br>down in the South, we had no help of wind. Heavy would<br>my heart have been, for all our victory at the havens, if<br>Legolas had not laughed suddenly.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Up with your beard, Durin\u2019s son!\u2019\u2019 he said. \u2018\u2018For thus is<br>it spoken: Oft hope is born, when all is forlorn.\u2019\u2019 But what hope<br>he saw from afar he would not tell. When night came it did<br>but deepen the darkness, and our hearts were hot, for away<br>in the North we saw a red glow under the cloud, and Aragorn<br>said: \u2018\u2018Minas Tirith is burning.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018But at midnight hope was indeed born anew. Sea-crafty<br>men of the Ethir gazing southward spoke of a change coming<br>with a fresh wind from the Sea. Long ere day the masted<br>ships hoisted sail, and our speed grew, until dawn whitened<br>the foam at our prows. And so it was, as you know, that we<br>came in the third hour of the morning with a fair wind and<br>the Sun unveiled, and we unfurled the great standard in<br>battle. It was a great day and a great hour, whatever may<br>come after.\u2019<br>\u2018Follow what may, great deeds are not lessened in worth,\u2019<br>said Legolas. \u2018Great deed was the riding of the Paths of the<br>Dead, and great it shall remain, though none be left in<br>Gondor to sing of it in the days that are to come.\u2019<br>\u2018And that may well befall,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018For the faces of<br>Aragorn and Gandalf are grave. Much I wonder what counsels they are taking in the tents there below. For my part, like<br>Merry, I wish that with our victory the war was now over.<br>Yet whatever is still to do, I hope to have a part in it, for the<br>honour of the folk of the Lonely Mountain.\u2019<br>the last debate 1149<br>\u2018And I for the folk of the Great Wood,\u2019 said Legolas, \u2018and<br>for the love of the Lord of the White Tree.\u2019<br>Then the companions fell silent, but a while they sat there<br>in the high place, each busy with his own thoughts, while the<br>Captains debated.<br>When the Prince Imrahil had parted from Legolas and<br>Gimli, at once he sent for E\u00b4 omer; and he went down with<br>him from the City, and they came to the tents of Aragorn<br>that were set up on the field not far from the place where<br>King The\u00b4oden had fallen. And there they took counsel<br>together with Gandalf and Aragorn and the sons of Elrond.<br>\u2018My lords,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018listen to the words of the Steward<br>of Gondor before he died: You may triumph on the fields of<br>the Pelennor for a day, but against the Power that has now arisen<br>there is no victory. I do not bid you despair, as he did, but to<br>ponder the truth in these words.<br>\u2018The Stones of Seeing do not lie, and not even the Lord of<br>Barad-du\u02c6r can make them do so. He can, maybe, by his will<br>choose what things shall be seen by weaker minds, or cause<br>them to mistake the meaning of what they see. Nonetheless<br>it cannot be doubted that when Denethor saw great forces<br>arrayed against him in Mordor, and more still being gathered,<br>he saw that which truly is.<br>\u2018Hardly has our strength sufficed to beat off the first great<br>assault. The next will be greater. This war then is without final hope, as Denethor perceived. Victory cannot be<br>achieved by arms, whether you sit here to endure siege after<br>siege, or march out to be overwhelmed beyond the River.<br>You have only a choice of evils; and prudence would counsel<br>you to strengthen such strong places as you have, and there<br>await the onset; for so shall the time before your end be made<br>a little longer.\u2019<br>\u2018Then you would have us retreat to Minas Tirith, or Dol<br>Amroth, or to Dunharrow, and there sit like children on<br>sand-castles when the tide is flowing?\u2019 said Imrahil.<br>\u2018That would be no new counsel,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Have you<br>1150 the return of the king<br>not done this and little more in all the days of Denethor?<br>But no! I said this would be prudent. I do not counsel prudence. I said victory could not be achieved by arms. I still<br>hope for victory, but not by arms. For into the midst of all<br>these policies comes the Ring of Power, the foundation of<br>Barad-du\u02c6r, and the hope of Sauron.<br>\u2018Concerning this thing, my lords, you now all know enough<br>for the understanding of our plight, and of Sauron\u2019s. If he<br>regains it, your valour is vain, and his victory will be swift<br>and complete: so complete that none can foresee the end of<br>it while this world lasts. If it is destroyed, then he will fall;<br>and his fall will be so low that none can foresee his arising<br>ever again. For he will lose the best part of the strength that<br>was native to him in his beginning, and all that was made or<br>begun with that power will crumble, and he will be maimed<br>for ever, becoming a mere spirit of malice that gnaws itself<br>in the shadows, but cannot again grow or take shape. And so<br>a great evil of this world will be removed.<br>\u2018Other evils there are that may come; for Sauron is himself<br>but a servant or emissary. Yet it is not our part to master all<br>the tides of the world, but to do what is in us for the succour<br>of those years wherein we are set, uprooting the evil in the<br>fields that we know, so that those who live after may have<br>clean earth to till. What weather they shall have is not ours<br>to rule.<br>\u2018Now Sauron knows all this, and he knows that this precious thing which he lost has been found again; but he does<br>not yet know where it is, or so we hope. And therefore he is<br>now in great doubt. For if we have found this thing, there<br>are some among us with strength enough to wield it. That<br>too he knows. For do I not guess rightly, Aragorn, that you<br>have shown yourself to him in the Stone of Orthanc?\u2019<br>\u2018I did so ere I rode from the Hornburg,\u2019 answered Aragorn.<br>\u2018I deemed that the time was ripe, and that the Stone had<br>come to me for just such a purpose. It was then ten days<br>since the Ring-bearer went east from Rauros, and the Eye of<br>Sauron, I thought, should be drawn out from his own land.<br>the last debate 1151<br>Too seldom has he been challenged since he returned to his<br>Tower. Though if I had foreseen how swift would be his<br>onset in answer, maybe I should not have dared to show<br>myself. Bare time was given me to come to your aid.\u2019<br>\u2018But how is this?\u2019 asked E\u00b4 omer. \u2018All is vain, you say, if he<br>has the Ring. Why should he think it not vain to assail us, if<br>we have it?\u2019<br>\u2018He is not yet sure,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018and he has not built<br>up his power by waiting until his enemies are secure, as we<br>have done. Also we could not learn how to wield the full<br>power all in a day. Indeed it can be used only by one master<br>alone, not by many; and he will look for a time of strife, ere<br>one of the great among us makes himself master and puts<br>down the others. In that time the Ring might aid him, if he<br>were sudden.<br>\u2018He is watching. He sees much and hears much. His<br>Nazgu\u02c6l are still abroad. They passed over this field ere the<br>sunrise, though few of the weary and sleeping were aware of<br>them. He studies the signs: the Sword that robbed him of his<br>treasure re-made; the winds of fortune turning in our favour,<br>and the defeat unlooked-for of his first assault; the fall of his<br>great Captain.<br>\u2018His doubt will be growing, even as we speak here. His Eye<br>is now straining towards us, blind almost to all else that is<br>moving. So we must keep it. Therein lies all our hope. This,<br>then, is my counsel. We have not the Ring. In wisdom or<br>great folly it has been sent away to be destroyed, lest it destroy<br>us. Without it we cannot by force defeat his force. But we<br>must at all costs keep his Eye from his true peril. We cannot achieve victory by arms, but by arms we can give the<br>Ring-bearer his only chance, frail though it be.<br>\u2018As Aragorn has begun, so we must go on. We must<br>push Sauron to his last throw. We must call out his hidden<br>strength, so that he shall empty his land. We must march out<br>to meet him at once. We must make ourselves the bait, though<br>his jaws should close on us. He will take that bait, in hope<br>and in greed, for he will think that in such rashness he sees<br>1152 the return of the king<br>the pride of the new Ringlord: and he will say: \u2018\u2018So! he pushes<br>out his neck too soon and too far. Let him come on, and<br>behold I will have him in a trap from which he cannot escape.<br>There I will crush him, and what he has taken in his insolence<br>shall be mine again for ever.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018We must walk open-eyed into that trap, with courage, but<br>small hope for ourselves. For, my lords, it may well prove<br>that we ourselves shall perish utterly in a black battle far from<br>the living lands; so that even if Barad-du\u02c6r be thrown down,<br>we shall not live to see a new age. But this, I deem, is our<br>duty. And better so than to perish nonetheless \u2013 as we surely<br>shall, if we sit here \u2013 and know as we die that no new age<br>shall be.\u2019<br>They were silent for a while. At length Aragorn spoke. \u2018As<br>I have begun, so I will go on. We come now to the very brink,<br>where hope and despair are akin. To waver is to fall. Let<br>none now reject the counsels of Gandalf, whose long labours<br>against Sauron come at last to their test. But for him all would<br>long ago have been lost. Nonetheless I do not yet claim to<br>command any man. Let others choose as they will.\u2019<br>Then said Elrohir: \u2018From the North we came with this<br>purpose, and from Elrond our father we brought this very<br>counsel. We will not turn back.\u2019<br>\u2018As for myself,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer, \u2018I have little knowledge of<br>these deep matters; but I need it not. This I know, and it is<br>enough, that as my friend Aragorn succoured me and my<br>people, so I will aid him when he calls. I will go.\u2019<br>\u2018As for me,\u2019 said Imrahil, \u2018the Lord Aragorn I hold to be<br>my liege-lord, whether he claim it or no. His wish is to me a<br>command. I will go also. Yet for a while I stand in the place<br>of the Steward of Gondor, and it is mine to think first of its<br>people. To prudence some heed must still be given. For we<br>must prepare against all chances, good as well as evil. Now,<br>it may be that we shall triumph, and while there is any hope<br>of this, Gondor must be protected. I would not have us return<br>with victory to a City in ruins and a land ravaged behind us.<br>the last debate 1153<br>And yet we learn from the Rohirrim that there is an army<br>still unfought upon our northern flank.\u2019<br>\u2018That is true,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018I do not counsel you to leave<br>the City all unmanned. Indeed the force that we lead east<br>need not be great enough for any assault in earnest upon<br>Mordor, so long as it be great enough to challenge battle.<br>And it must move soon. Therefore I ask the Captains: what<br>force could we muster and lead out in two days\u2019 time at<br>the latest? And they must be hardy men that go willingly,<br>knowing their peril.\u2019<br>\u2018All are weary, and very many have wounds light or grievous,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer, \u2018and we have suffered much loss of our<br>horses, and that is ill to bear. If we must ride soon, then I<br>cannot hope to lead even two thousands, and yet leave as<br>many for the defence of the City.\u2019<br>\u2018We have not only to reckon with those who fought on this<br>field,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018New strength is on the way from the<br>southern fiefs, now that the coasts have been rid. Four thousands I sent marching from Pelargir through Lossarnach two<br>days ago; and Angbor the fearless rides before them. If we<br>set out in two days more, they will draw nigh ere we depart.<br>Moreover many were bidden to follow me up the River in<br>any craft they could gather; and with this wind they will soon<br>be at hand, indeed several ships have already come to the<br>Harlond. I judge that we could lead out seven thousands of<br>horse and foot, and yet leave the City in better defence than<br>it was when the assault began.\u2019<br>\u2018The Gate is destroyed,\u2019 said Imrahil, \u2018and where now is<br>the skill to rebuild it and set it up anew?\u2019<br>\u2018In Erebor in the Kingdom of Da\u00b4in there is such skill,\u2019 said<br>Aragorn; \u2018and if all our hopes do not perish, then in time<br>I will send Gimli Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son to ask for wrights of the<br>Mountain. But men are better than gates, and no gate will<br>endure against our Enemy if men desert it.\u2019<br>This then was the end of the debate of the lords: that they<br>should set forth on the second morning from that day with<br>1154 the return of the king<br>seven thousands, if these might be found; and the great part<br>of this force should be on foot, because of the evil lands<br>into which they would go. Aragorn should find some two<br>thousands of those that he had gathered to him in the South;<br>but Imrahil should find three and a half thousands; and<br>E\u00b4 omer five hundreds of the Rohirrim who were unhorsed<br>but themselves warworthy, and he himself should lead five<br>hundreds of his best Riders on horse; and another company of five hundred horse there should be, among which<br>should ride the sons of Elrond with the Du\u00b4nedain and the<br>knights of Dol Amroth: all told six thousand foot and a<br>thousand horse. But the main strength of the Rohirrim that<br>remained horsed and able to fight, some three thousand<br>under the command of Elfhelm, should waylay the West<br>Road against the enemy that was in Ano\u00b4rien. And at once<br>swift riders were sent out to gather what news they could<br>northwards; and eastwards from Osgiliath and the road to<br>Minas Morgul.<br>And when they had reckoned up all their strength and<br>taken thought for the journeys they should make and<br>the roads they should choose, Imrahil suddenly laughed<br>aloud.<br>\u2018Surely,\u2019 he cried, \u2018this is the greatest jest in all the history<br>of Gondor: that we should ride with seven thousands, scarce<br>as many as the vanguard of its army in the days of its power,<br>to assail the mountains and the impenetrable gate of the Black<br>Land! So might a child threaten a mail-clad knight with a<br>bow of string and green willow! If the Dark Lord knows so<br>much as you say, Mithrandir, will he not rather smile than<br>fear, and with his little finger crush us like a fly that tries to<br>sting him?\u2019<br>\u2018No, he will try to trap the fly and take the sting,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018And there are names among us that are worth more<br>than a thousand mail-clad knights apiece. No, he will not<br>smile.\u2019<br>\u2018Neither shall we,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018If this be jest, then it is<br>too bitter for laughter. Nay, it is the last move in a great<br>the last debate 1155<br>jeopardy, and for one side or the other it will bring the end<br>of the game.\u2019 Then he drew Andu\u00b4ril and held it up glittering<br>in the sun. \u2018You shall not be sheathed again until the last<br>battle is fought,\u2019 he said.<br>Chapter 10<br>THE BLACK GATE OPENS<br>Two days later the army of the West was all assembled<br>on the Pelennor. The host of Orcs and Easterlings had<br>turned back out of Ano\u00b4rien, but harried and scattered by<br>the Rohirrim they had broken and fled with little fighting<br>towards Cair Andros; and with that threat destroyed and<br>new strength arriving out of the South the City was as well<br>manned as might be. Scouts reported that no enemies remained upon the roads east as far as the Cross-roads of the<br>Fallen King. All now was ready for the last throw.<br>Legolas and Gimli were to ride again together in the company of Aragorn and Gandalf, who went in the van with the<br>Du\u00b4nedain and the sons of Elrond. But Merry to his shame<br>was not to go with them.<br>\u2018You are not fit for such a journey,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018But do<br>not be ashamed. If you do no more in this war, you have<br>already earned great honour. Peregrin shall go and represent<br>the Shire-folk; and do not grudge him his chance of peril, for<br>though he has done as well as his fortune allowed him, he<br>has yet to match your deed. But in truth all now are in like<br>danger. Though it may be our part to find a bitter end before<br>the Gate of Mordor, if we do so, then you will come also to<br>a last stand, either here or wherever the black tide overtakes<br>you. Farewell!\u2019<br>And so despondently Merry now stood and watched the<br>mustering of the army. Bergil was with him, and he also was<br>downcast; for his father was to march leading a company of<br>the Men of the City: he could not rejoin the Guard until his<br>case was judged. In that same company Pippin was also<br>to go, as a soldier of Gondor. Merry could see him not far<br>the black gate opens 1157<br>off, a small but upright figure among the tall men of Minas<br>Tirith.<br>At last the trumpets rang and the army began to move.<br>Troop by troop, and company by company, they wheeled<br>and went off eastward. And long after they had passed away<br>out of sight down the great road to the Causeway, Merry<br>stood there. The last glint of the morning sun on spear and<br>helm twinkled and was lost, and still he remained with bowed<br>head and heavy heart, feeling friendless and alone. Everyone<br>that he cared for had gone away into the gloom that hung<br>over the distant eastern sky; and little hope at all was left in<br>his heart that he would ever see any of them again.<br>As if recalled by his mood of despair, the pain in his arm<br>returned, and he felt weak and old, and the sunlight seemed<br>thin. He was roused by the touch of Bergil\u2019s hand.<br>\u2018Come, Master Perian!\u2019 said the lad. \u2018You are still in pain,<br>I see. I will help you back to the Healers. But do not fear!<br>They will come back. The Men of Minas Tirith will never<br>be overcome. And now they have the Lord Elfstone, and<br>Beregond of the Guard too.\u2019<br>Ere noon the army came to Osgiliath. There all the workers<br>and craftsmen that could be spared were busy. Some were<br>strengthening the ferries and boat-bridges that the enemy had<br>made and in part destroyed when they fled; some gathered<br>stores and booty; and others on the eastern side across the<br>River were throwing up hasty works of defence.<br>The vanguard passed on through the ruins of Old Gondor,<br>and over the wide River, and on up the long straight road<br>that in the high days had been made to run from the fair<br>Tower of the Sun to the tall Tower of the Moon, which now<br>was Minas Morgul in its accursed vale. Five miles beyond<br>Osgiliath they halted, ending their first day\u2019s march.<br>But the horsemen pressed on and ere evening they came<br>to the Cross-roads and the great ring of trees, and all was<br>silent. No sign of any enemy had they seen, no cry or call<br>1158 the return of the king<br>had been heard, no shaft had sped from rock or thicket by<br>the way, yet ever as they went forward they felt the watchfulness of the land increase. Tree and stone, blade and leaf were<br>listening. The darkness had been dispelled, and far away<br>westward sunset was on the Vale of Anduin, and the white<br>peaks of the mountains blushed in the blue air; but a shadow<br>and a gloom brooded upon the Ephel Du\u00b4ath.<br>Then Aragorn set trumpeters at each of the four roads that<br>ran into the ring of trees, and they blew a great fanfare, and<br>the heralds cried aloud: \u2018The Lords of Gondor have returned<br>and all this land that is theirs they take back.\u2019 The hideous<br>orc-head that was set upon the carven figure was cast down<br>and broken in pieces, and the old king\u2019s head was raised and<br>set in its place once more, still crowned with white and golden<br>flowers; and men laboured to wash and pare away all the foul<br>scrawls that orcs had put upon the stone.<br>Now in their debate some had counselled that Minas<br>Morgul should first be assailed, and if they might take it, it<br>should be utterly destroyed. \u2018And, maybe,\u2019 said Imrahil, \u2018the<br>road that leads thence to the pass above will prove an easier<br>way of assault upon the Dark Lord than his northern gate.\u2019<br>But against this Gandalf had spoken urgently, because of<br>the evil that dwelt in the valley, where the minds of living<br>men would turn to madness and horror, and because also of<br>the news that Faramir had brought. For if the Ring-bearer<br>had indeed attempted that way, then above all they should<br>not draw the Eye of Mordor thither. So the next day when<br>the main host came up, they set a strong guard upon the<br>Cross-roads to make some defence, if Mordor should send a<br>force over the Morgul Pass, or should bring more men up<br>from the South. For that guard they chose mostly archers<br>who knew the ways of Ithilien and would lie hid in the woods<br>and slopes about the meeting of the ways. But Gandalf and<br>Aragorn rode with the vanguard to the entrance of Morgul<br>Vale and looked on the evil city.<br>It was dark and lifeless; for the Orcs and lesser creatures<br>of Mordor that had dwelt there had been destroyed in battle,<br>the black gate opens 1159<br>and the Nazgu\u02c6l were abroad. Yet the air of the valley was<br>heavy with fear and enmity. Then they broke the evil bridge<br>and set red flames in the noisome fields and departed.<br>The day after, being the third day since they set out from<br>Minas Tirith, the army began its northward march along<br>the road. It was some hundred miles by that way from the<br>Cross-roads to the Morannon, and what might befall them<br>before they came so far none knew. They went openly but<br>heedfully, with mounted scouts before them on the road, and<br>others on foot upon either side, especially on the eastward<br>flank; for there lay dark thickets, and a tumbled land of rocky<br>ghylls and crags, behind which the long grim slopes of the<br>Ephel Du\u00b4ath clambered up. The weather of the world remained fair, and the wind held in the west, but nothing could<br>waft away the glooms and the sad mists that clung about<br>the Mountains of Shadow; and behind them at whiles great<br>smokes would arise and hover in the upper winds.<br>Ever and anon Gandalf let blow the trumpets, and the<br>heralds would cry: \u2018The Lords of Gondor are come! Let all<br>leave this land or yield them up!\u2019 But Imrahil said: \u2018Say not<br>The Lords of Gondor. Say The King Elessar. For that is true,<br>even though he has not yet sat upon the throne; and it will<br>give the Enemy more thought, if the heralds use that name.\u2019<br>And thereafter thrice a day the heralds proclaimed the coming<br>of the King Elessar. But none answered the challenge.<br>Nonetheless, though they marched in seeming peace, the<br>hearts of all the army, from the highest to the lowest, were<br>downcast, and with every mile that they went north foreboding of evil grew heavier on them. It was near the end of<br>the second day of their march from the Cross-roads that they<br>first met any offer of battle. For a strong force of Orcs and<br>Easterlings attempted to take their leading companies in an<br>ambush; and that was in the very place where Faramir had<br>waylaid the men of Harad, and the road went in a deep<br>cutting through an out-thrust of the eastward hills. But<br>the Captains of the West were well warned by their scouts,<br>1160 the return of the king<br>skilled men from Henneth Annu\u02c6n led by Mablung; and so<br>the ambush was itself trapped. For horsemen went wide<br>about westward and came up on the flank of the enemy and<br>from behind, and they were destroyed or driven east into<br>the hills.<br>But the victory did little to enhearten the captains. \u2018It is<br>but a feint,\u2019 said Aragorn; \u2018and its chief purpose, I deem, was<br>rather to draw us on by a false guess of our Enemy\u2019s weakness<br>than to do us much hurt, yet.\u2019 And from that evening onward<br>the Nazgu\u02c6l came and followed every move of the army. They<br>still flew high and out of sight of all save Legolas, and yet<br>their presence could be felt, as a deepening of shadow and a<br>dimming of the sun; and though the Ringwraiths did not yet<br>stoop low upon their foes and were silent, uttering no cry,<br>the dread of them could not be shaken off.<br>So time and the hopeless journey wore away. Upon the<br>fourth day from the Cross-roads and the sixth from Minas<br>Tirith they came at last to the end of the living lands, and<br>began to pass into the desolation that lay before the gates of<br>the Pass of Cirith Gorgor; and they could descry the marshes<br>and the desert that stretched north and west to the Emyn<br>Muil. So desolate were those places and so deep the horror<br>that lay on them that some of the host were unmanned, and<br>they could neither walk nor ride further north.<br>Aragorn looked at them, and there was pity in his eyes<br>rather than wrath; for these were young men from Rohan,<br>from Westfold far away, or husbandmen from Lossarnach,<br>and to them Mordor had been from childhood a name of<br>evil, and yet unreal, a legend that had no part in their simple<br>life; and now they walked like men in a hideous dream made<br>true, and they understood not this war nor why fate should<br>lead them to such a pass.<br>\u2018Go!\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018But keep what honour you may, and<br>do not run! And there is a task which you may attempt and<br>so be not wholly shamed. Take your way south-west till you<br>come to Cair Andros, and if that is still held by enemies, as<br>the black gate opens 1161<br>I think, then re-take it, if you can; and hold it to the last in<br>defence of Gondor and Rohan!\u2019<br>Then some being shamed by his mercy overcame their fear<br>and went on, and the others took new hope, hearing of a<br>manful deed within their measure that they could turn to,<br>and they departed. And so, since many men had already been<br>left at the Cross-roads, it was with less than six thousands<br>that the Captains of the West came at last to challenge the<br>Black Gate and the might of Mordor.<br>They advanced now slowly, expecting at every hour some<br>answer to their challenge, and they drew together, since it<br>was but waste of men to send out scouts or small parties from<br>the main host. At nightfall of the fifth day of the march from<br>Morgul Vale they made their last camp, and set fires about it<br>of such dead wood and heath as they could find. They passed<br>the hours of night in wakefulness and they were aware of<br>many things half-seen that walked and prowled all about<br>them, and they heard the howling of wolves. The wind had<br>died and all the air seemed still. They could see little, for<br>though it was cloudless and the waxing moon was four nights<br>old, there were smokes and fumes that rose out of the earth<br>and the white crescent was shrouded in the mists of Mordor.<br>It grew cold. As morning came the wind began to stir<br>again, but now it came from the North, and soon it freshened<br>to a rising breeze. All the night-walkers were gone, and the<br>land seemed empty. North amid their noisome pits lay the<br>first of the great heaps and hills of slag and broken rock and<br>blasted earth, the vomit of the maggot-folk of Mordor; but<br>south and now near loomed the great rampart of Cirith<br>Gorgor, and the Black Gate amidmost, and the two Towers<br>of the Teeth tall and dark upon either side. For in their last<br>march the Captains had turned away from the old road as it<br>bent east, and avoided the peril of the lurking hills, and so<br>now they were approaching the Morannon from the northwest, even as Frodo had done.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1162 the return of the king<br>The two vast iron doors of the Black Gate under its frowning arch were fast closed. Upon the battlement nothing could<br>be seen. All was silent but watchful. They were come to the<br>last end of their folly, and stood forlorn and chill in the grey<br>light of early day before towers and walls which their army<br>could not assault with hope, not even if it had brought thither<br>engines of great power, and the Enemy had no more force<br>than would suffice for the manning of the gate and wall alone.<br>Yet they knew that all the hills and rocks about the Morannon<br>were filled with hidden foes, and the shadowy defile beyond<br>was bored and tunnelled by teeming broods of evil things. And<br>as they stood they saw all the Nazgu\u02c6l gathered together, hovering above the Towers of the Teeth like vultures; and they knew<br>that they were watched. But still the Enemy made no sign.<br>No choice was left them but to play their part to its end.<br>Therefore Aragorn now set the host in such array as could<br>best be contrived; and they were drawn up on two great hills<br>of blasted stone and earth that orcs had piled in years of<br>labour. Before them towards Mordor lay like a moat a great<br>mire of reeking mud and foul-smelling pools. When all was<br>ordered, the Captains rode forth towards the Black Gate with<br>a great guard of horsemen and the banner and heralds and<br>trumpeters. There was Gandalf as chief herald, and Aragorn<br>with the sons of Elrond, and E\u00b4 omer of Rohan, and Imrahil;<br>and Legolas and Gimli and Peregrin were bidden to go also,<br>so that all the enemies of Mordor should have a witness.<br>They came within cry of the Morannon, and unfurled the<br>banner, and blew upon their trumpets; and the heralds stood<br>out and sent their voices up over the battlement of Mordor.<br>\u2018Come forth!\u2019 they cried. \u2018Let the Lord of the Black Land<br>come forth! Justice shall be done upon him. For wrongfully<br>he has made war upon Gondor and wrested its lands. Therefore the King of Gondor demands that he should atone for<br>his evils, and depart then for ever. Come forth!\u2019<br>There was a long silence, and from wall and gate no cry<br>or sound was heard in answer. But Sauron had already laid<br>his plans, and he had a mind first to play these mice cruelly<br>the black gate opens 1163<br>before he struck to kill. So it was that, even as the Captains<br>were about to turn away, the silence was broken suddenly.<br>There came a long rolling of great drums like thunder in the<br>mountains, and then a braying of horns that shook the very<br>stones and stunned men\u2019s ears. And thereupon the door of<br>the Black Gate was thrown open with a great clang, and out<br>of it there came an embassy from the Dark Tower.<br>At its head there rode a tall and evil shape, mounted upon<br>a black horse, if horse it was; for it was huge and hideous,<br>and its face was a frightful mask, more like a skull than a<br>living head, and in the sockets of its eyes and in its nostrils<br>there burned a flame. The rider was robed all in black, and<br>black was his lofty helm; yet this was no Ringwraith but a<br>living man. The Lieutenant of the Tower of Barad-du\u02c6r he<br>was, and his name is remembered in no tale; for he himself<br>had forgotten it, and he said: \u2018I am the Mouth of Sauron.\u2019<br>But it is told that he was a renegade, who came of the race<br>of those that are named the Black Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans; for they<br>established their dwellings in Middle-earth during the years<br>of Sauron\u2019s domination, and they worshipped him, being<br>enamoured of evil knowledge. And he entered the service of<br>the Dark Tower when it first rose again, and because of his<br>cunning he grew ever higher in the Lord\u2019s favour; and he<br>learned great sorcery, and knew much of the mind of Sauron;<br>and he was more cruel than any orc.<br>He it was that now rode out, and with him came only a<br>small company of black-harnessed soldiery, and a single<br>banner, black but bearing on it in red the Evil Eye. Now<br>halting a few paces before the Captains of the West he looked<br>them up and down and laughed.<br>\u2018Is there anyone in this rout with authority to treat with<br>me?\u2019 he asked. \u2018Or indeed with wit to understand me? Not<br>thou at least!\u2019 he mocked, turning to Aragorn with scorn. \u2018It<br>needs more to make a king than a piece of Elvish glass, or a<br>rabble such as this. Why, any brigand of the hills can show<br>as good a following!\u2019<br>Aragorn said naught in answer, but he took the other\u2019s eye<br>1164 the return of the king<br>and held it, and for a moment they strove thus; but soon,<br>though Aragorn did not stir nor move hand to weapon, the<br>other quailed and gave back as if menaced with a blow. \u2018I am<br>a herald and ambassador, and may not be assailed!\u2019 he cried.<br>\u2018Where such laws hold,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018it is also the custom<br>for ambassadors to use less insolence. But no one has threatened you. You have naught to fear from us, until your errand<br>is done. But unless your master has come to new wisdom,<br>then with all his servants you will be in great peril.\u2019<br>\u2018So!\u2019 said the Messenger. \u2018Then thou art the spokesman,<br>old greybeard? Have we not heard of thee at whiles, and of<br>thy wanderings, ever hatching plots and mischief at a safe<br>distance? But this time thou hast stuck out thy nose too far,<br>Master Gandalf; and thou shalt see what comes to him who<br>sets his foolish webs before the feet of Sauron the Great. I<br>have tokens that I was bidden to show to thee \u2013 to thee in<br>especial, if thou shouldst dare to come.\u2019 He signed to one of<br>his guards, and he came forward bearing a bundle swathed<br>in black cloths.<br>The Messenger put these aside, and there to the wonder<br>and dismay of all the Captains he held up first the short<br>sword that Sam had carried, and next a grey cloak with an<br>elven-brooch, and last the coat of mithril-mail that Frodo had<br>worn wrapped in his tattered garments. A blackness came<br>before their eyes, and it seemed to them in a moment of<br>silence that the world stood still, but their hearts were dead<br>and their last hope gone. Pippin who stood behind Prince<br>Imrahil sprang forward with a cry of grief.<br>\u2018Silence!\u2019 said Gandalf sternly, thrusting him back; but the<br>Messenger laughed aloud.<br>\u2018So you have yet another of these imps with you!\u2019 he cried.<br>\u2018What use you find in them I cannot guess; but to send them<br>as spies into Mordor is beyond even your accustomed folly.<br>Still, I thank him, for it is plain that this brat at least has seen<br>these tokens before, and it would be vain for you to deny<br>them now.\u2019<br>\u2018I do not wish to deny them,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Indeed, I know<br>the black gate opens 1165<br>them all and all their history, and despite your scorn, foul<br>Mouth of Sauron, you cannot say as much. But why do you<br>bring them here?\u2019<br>\u2018Dwarf-coat, elf-cloak, blade of the downfallen West, and<br>spy from the little rat-land of the Shire \u2013 nay, do not start!<br>We know it well \u2013 here are the marks of a conspiracy. Now,<br>maybe he that bore these things was a creature that you would<br>not grieve to lose, and maybe otherwise: one dear to you,<br>perhaps? If so, take swift counsel with what little wit is left to<br>you. For Sauron does not love spies, and what his fate shall<br>be depends now on your choice.\u2019<br>No one answered him; but he saw their faces grey with<br>fear and the horror in their eyes, and he laughed again, for it<br>seemed to him that his sport went well. \u2018Good, good!\u2019 he<br>said. \u2018He was dear to you, I see. Or else his errand was one<br>that you did not wish to fail? It has. And now he shall endure<br>the slow torment of years, as long and slow as our arts in the<br>Great Tower can contrive, and never be released, unless<br>maybe when he is changed and broken, so that he may come<br>to you, and you shall see what you have done. This shall<br>surely be unless you accept my Lord\u2019s terms.\u2019<br>\u2018Name the terms,\u2019 said Gandalf steadily, but those nearby<br>saw the anguish in his face, and now he seemed an old and<br>wizened man, crushed, defeated at last. They did not doubt<br>that he would accept.<br>\u2018These are the terms,\u2019 said the Messenger, and smiled<br>as he eyed them one by one. \u2018The rabble of Gondor and<br>its deluded allies shall withdraw at once beyond the Anduin,<br>first taking oaths never again to assail Sauron the Great in<br>arms, open or secret. All lands east of the Anduin shall be<br>Sauron\u2019s for ever, solely. West of the Anduin as far as the<br>Misty Mountains and the Gap of Rohan shall be tributary<br>to Mordor, and men there shall bear no weapons, but shall<br>have leave to govern their own affairs. But they shall help to<br>rebuild Isengard which they have wantonly destroyed, and<br>that shall be Sauron\u2019s, and there his lieutenant shall dwell:<br>not Saruman, but one more worthy of trust.\u2019<br>1166 the return of the king<br>Looking in the Messenger\u2019s eyes they read his thought. He<br>was to be that lieutenant, and gather all that remained of the<br>West under his sway; he would be their tyrant and they his<br>slaves.<br>But Gandalf said: \u2018This is much to demand for the delivery<br>of one servant: that your Master should receive in exchange<br>what he must else fight many a war to gain! Or has the field<br>of Gondor destroyed his hope in war, so that he falls to<br>haggling? And if indeed we rated this prisoner so high, what<br>surety have we that Sauron, the Base Master of Treachery,<br>will keep his part? Where is this prisoner? Let him be brought<br>forth and yielded to us, and then we will consider these<br>demands.\u2019<br>It seemed then to Gandalf, intent, watching him as a man<br>engaged in fencing with a deadly foe, that for the taking of a<br>breath the Messenger was at a loss; yet swiftly he laughed<br>again.<br>\u2018Do not bandy words in your insolence with the Mouth of<br>Sauron!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Surety you crave! Sauron gives none. If<br>you sue for his clemency you must first do his bidding. These<br>are his terms. Take them or leave them!\u2019<br>\u2018These we will take!\u2019 said Gandalf suddenly. He cast aside<br>his cloak and a white light shone forth like a sword in that<br>black place. Before his upraised hand the foul Messenger<br>recoiled, and Gandalf coming seized and took from him the<br>tokens: coat, cloak, and sword. \u2018These we will take in memory<br>of our friend,\u2019 he cried. \u2018But as for your terms, we reject them<br>utterly. Get you gone, for your embassy is over and death is<br>near to you. We did not come here to waste words in treating<br>with Sauron, faithless and accursed; still less with one of his<br>slaves. Begone!\u2019<br>Then the Messenger of Mordor laughed no more. His face<br>was twisted with amazement and anger to the likeness of<br>some wild beast that, as it crouches on its prey, is smitten on<br>the muzzle with a stinging rod. Rage filled him and his mouth<br>slavered, and shapeless sounds of fury came strangling from<br>his throat. But he looked at the fell faces of the Captains and<br>the black gate opens 1167<br>their deadly eyes, and fear overcame his wrath. He gave a<br>great cry, and turned, leaped upon his steed, and with his<br>company galloped madly back to Cirith Gorgor. But as they<br>went his soldiers blew their horns in signal long arranged;<br>and even before they came to the gate Sauron sprang his<br>trap.<br>Drums rolled and fires leaped up. The great doors of the<br>Black Gate swung back wide. Out of it streamed a great host<br>as swiftly as swirling waters when a sluice is lifted.<br>The Captains mounted again and rode back, and from<br>the host of Mordor there went up a jeering yell. Dust rose<br>smothering the air, as from nearby there marched up an army<br>of Easterlings that had waited for the signal in the shadows<br>of Ered Lithui beyond the further Tower. Down from the<br>hills on either side of the Morannon poured Orcs innumerable. The men of the West were trapped, and soon, all about<br>the grey mounds where they stood, forces ten times and more<br>than ten times their match would ring them in a sea<br>of enemies. Sauron had taken the proffered bait in jaws of<br>steel.<br>Little time was left to Aragorn for the ordering of his battle.<br>Upon the one hill he stood with Gandalf, and there fair and<br>desperate was raised the banner of the Tree and Stars. Upon<br>the other hill hard by stood the banners of Rohan and Dol<br>Amroth, White Horse and Silver Swan. And about each hill<br>a ring was made facing all ways, bristling with spear and<br>sword. But in the front towards Mordor where the first bitter<br>assault would come there stood the sons of Elrond on the left<br>with the Du\u00b4nedain about them, and on the right the Prince<br>Imrahil with the men of Dol Amroth tall and fair, and picked<br>men of the Tower of Guard.<br>The wind blew, and the trumpets sang, and arrows whined;<br>but the sun now climbing towards the South was veiled in the<br>reeks of Mordor, and through a threatening haze it gleamed,<br>remote, a sullen red, as if it were the ending of the day, or<br>the end maybe of all the world of light. And out of the<br>1168 the return of the king<br>gathering mirk the Nazgu\u02c6l came with their cold voices crying<br>words of death; and then all hope was quenched.<br>Pippin had bowed crushed with horror when he heard<br>Gandalf reject the terms and doom Frodo to the torment of<br>the Tower; but he had mastered himself, and now he stood<br>beside Beregond in the front rank of Gondor with Imrahil\u2019s<br>men. For it seemed best to him to die soon and leave the<br>bitter story of his life, since all was in ruin.<br>\u2018I wish Merry was here,\u2019 he heard himself saying, and quick<br>thoughts raced through his mind, even as he watched the<br>enemy come charging to the assault. \u2018Well, well, now at any<br>rate I understand poor Denethor a little better. We might die<br>together, Merry and I, and since die we must, why not? Well,<br>as he is not here, I hope he\u2019ll find an easier end. But now I<br>must do my best.\u2019<br>He drew his sword and looked at it, and the intertwining<br>shapes of red and gold; and the flowing characters of<br>Nu\u00b4menor glinted like fire upon the blade. \u2018This was made<br>for just such an hour,\u2019 he thought. \u2018If only I could smite that<br>foul Messenger with it, then almost I should draw level with<br>old Merry. Well, I\u2019ll smite some of this beastly brood before<br>the end. I wish I could see cool sunlight and green grass<br>again!\u2019<br>Then even as he thought these things the first assault<br>crashed into them. The orcs hindered by the mires that lay<br>before the hills halted and poured their arrows into the<br>defending ranks. But through them there came striding up,<br>roaring like beasts, a great company of hill-trolls out of Gorgoroth. Taller and broader than Men they were, and they<br>were clad only in close-fitting mesh of horny scales, or maybe<br>that was their hideous hide; but they bore round bucklers<br>huge and black and wielded heavy hammers in their knotted<br>hands. Reckless they sprang into the pools and waded across,<br>bellowing as they came. Like a storm they broke upon the<br>line of the men of Gondor, and beat upon helm and head,<br>and arm and shield, as smiths hewing the hot bending iron.<br>the black gate opens 1169<br>At Pippin\u2019s side Beregond was stunned and overborne, and<br>he fell; and the great troll-chief that smote him down bent<br>over him, reaching out a clutching claw; for these fell creatures would bite the throats of those that they threw down.<br>Then Pippin stabbed upwards, and the written blade of<br>Westernesse pierced through the hide and went deep into the<br>vitals of the troll, and his black blood came gushing out. He<br>toppled forward and came crashing down like a falling rock,<br>burying those beneath him. Blackness and stench and crushing pain came upon Pippin, and his mind fell away into a<br>great darkness.<br>\u2018So it ends as I guessed it would,\u2019 his thought said, even as<br>it fluttered away; and it laughed a little within him ere it fled,<br>almost gay it seemed to be casting off at last all doubt and care<br>and fear. And then even as it winged away into forgetfulness it<br>heard voices, and they seemed to be crying in some forgotten<br>world far above:<br>\u2018The Eagles are coming! The Eagles are coming!\u2019<br>For one moment more Pippin\u2019s thought hovered. \u2018Bilbo!\u2019<br>it said. \u2018But no! That came in his tale, long long ago. This is<br>my tale, and it is ended now. Good-bye!\u2019 And his thought<br>fled far away and his eyes saw no more.<br>BOOK SIX<br>.<br>Chapter 1<br>THE TOWER OF CIRITH UNGOL<br>Sam roused himself painfully from the ground. For a moment<br>he wondered where he was, and then all the misery and<br>despair returned to him. He was in the deep dark outside the<br>under-gate of the orcs\u2019 stronghold; its brazen doors were<br>shut. He must have fallen stunned when he hurled himself<br>against them; but how long he had lain there he did not know.<br>Then he had been on fire, desperate and furious; now he was<br>shivering and cold. He crept to the doors and pressed his<br>ears against them.<br>Far within he could hear faintly the voices of orcs clamouring, but soon they stopped or passed out of hearing, and<br>all was still. His head ached and his eyes saw phantom lights<br>in the darkness, but he struggled to steady himself and think.<br>It was clear at any rate that he had no hope of getting into<br>the orc-hold by that gate; he might wait there for days before<br>it was opened, and he could not wait: time was desperately<br>precious. He no longer had any doubt about his duty: he<br>must rescue his master or perish in the attempt.<br>\u2018The perishing is more likely, and will be a lot easier anyway,\u2019 he said grimly to himself, as he sheathed Sting and<br>turned from the brazen doors. Slowly he groped his way<br>back in the dark along the tunnel, not daring to use the<br>elven-light; and as he went he tried to fit together the events<br>since Frodo and he had left the Cross-roads. He wondered<br>what the time was. Somewhere between one day and the<br>next, he supposed; but even of the days he had quite lost<br>count. He was in a land of darkness where the days of the<br>world seemed forgotten, and where all who entered were<br>forgotten too.<br>\u2018I wonder if they think of us at all,\u2019 he said, \u2018and what is<br>1174 the return of the king<br>happening to them all away there.\u2019 He waved his hand<br>vaguely in the air before him; but he was in fact now facing<br>southwards, as he came back to Shelob\u2019s tunnel, not west.<br>Out westward in the world it was drawing to noon upon the<br>fourteenth day of March in the Shire-reckoning, and even<br>now Aragorn was leading the black fleet from Pelargir, and<br>Merry was riding with the Rohirrim down the Stonewain<br>Valley, while in Minas Tirith flames were rising and Pippin<br>watched the madness growing in the eyes of Denethor. Yet<br>amid all their cares and fear the thoughts of their friends<br>turned constantly to Frodo and Sam. They were not forgotten. But they were far beyond aid, and no thought could yet<br>bring any help to Samwise Hamfast\u2019s son; he was utterly<br>alone.<br>He came back at last to the stone door of the orc-passage,<br>and still unable to discover the catch or bolt that held it, he<br>scrambled over as before and dropped softly to the ground.<br>Then he made his way stealthily to the outlet of Shelob\u2019s<br>tunnel, where the rags of her great web were still blowing and<br>swaying in the cold airs. For cold they seemed to Sam after<br>the noisome darkness behind; but the breath of them revived<br>him. He crept cautiously out.<br>All was ominously quiet. The light was no more than that<br>of dusk at a dark day\u2019s end. The vast vapours that arose in<br>Mordor and went streaming westward passed low overhead,<br>a great welter of cloud and smoke now lit again beneath with<br>a sullen glow of red.<br>Sam looked up towards the orc-tower, and suddenly from<br>its narrow windows lights stared out like small red eyes. He<br>wondered if they were some signal. His fear of the orcs,<br>forgotten for a while in his wrath and desperation, now<br>returned. As far as he could see, there was only one possible<br>course for him to take: he must go on and try to find the<br>main entrance to the dreadful tower; but his knees felt weak,<br>and he found that he was trembling. Drawing his eyes down<br>from the tower and the horns of the Cleft before him, he<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1175<br>forced his unwilling feet to obey him, and slowly, listening<br>with all his ears, peering into the dense shadows of the rocks<br>beside the way, he retraced his steps, past the place where<br>Frodo fell, and still the stench of Shelob lingered, and then<br>on and up, until he stood again in the very cleft where he had<br>put on the Ring and seen Shagrat\u2019s company go by.<br>There he halted and sat down. For the moment he could<br>drive himself no further. He felt that if once he went beyond<br>the crown of the pass and took one step veritably down into<br>the land of Mordor, that step would be irrevocable. He could<br>never come back. Without any clear purpose he drew out the<br>Ring and put it on again. Immediately he felt the great burden<br>of its weight, and felt afresh, but now more strong and urgent<br>than ever, the malice of the Eye of Mordor, searching, trying<br>to pierce the shadows that it had made for its own defence,<br>but which now hindered it in its unquiet and doubt.<br>As before, Sam found that his hearing was sharpened, but<br>that to his sight the things of this world seemed thin and<br>vague. The rocky walls of the path were pale, as if seen<br>through a mist, but still at a distance he heard the bubbling<br>of Shelob in her misery; and harsh and clear, and very close<br>it seemed, he heard cries and the clash of metal. He sprang<br>to his feet, and pressed himself against the wall beside the<br>road. He was glad of the Ring, for here was yet another<br>company of orcs on the march. Or so at first he thought.<br>Then suddenly he realized that it was not so, his hearing<br>had deceived him: the orc-cries came from the tower, whose<br>topmost horn was now right above him, on the left hand of<br>the Cleft.<br>Sam shuddered and tried to force himself to move. There<br>was plainly some devilry going on. Perhaps in spite of all<br>orders the cruelty of the orcs had mastered them, and they<br>were tormenting Frodo, or even savagely hacking him to<br>pieces. He listened; and as he did so a gleam of hope came<br>to him. There could not be much doubt: there was fighting<br>in the tower, the orcs must be at war among themselves,<br>Shagrat and Gorbag had come to blows. Faint as was the<br>1176 the return of the king<br>hope that his guess brought him, it was enough to rouse him.<br>There might be just a chance. His love for Frodo rose above<br>all other thoughts, and forgetting his peril he cried aloud:<br>\u2018I\u2019m coming, Mr. Frodo!\u2019<br>He ran forward to the climbing path, and over it. At once<br>the road turned left and plunged steeply down. Sam had<br>crossed into Mordor.<br>He took off the Ring, moved it may be by some deep<br>premonition of danger, though to himself he thought only<br>that he wished to see more clearly. \u2018Better have a look at the<br>worst,\u2019 he muttered. \u2018No good blundering about in a fog!\u2019<br>Hard and cruel and bitter was the land that met his gaze.<br>Before his feet the highest ridge of the Ephel Du\u00b4ath fell<br>steeply in great cliffs down into a dark trough, on the further<br>side of which there rose another ridge, much lower, its edge<br>notched and jagged with crags like fangs that stood out black<br>against the red light behind them: it was the grim Morgai,<br>the inner ring of the fences of the land. Far beyond it, but<br>almost straight ahead, across a wide lake of darkness dotted<br>with tiny fires, there was a great burning glow; and from it<br>rose in huge columns a swirling smoke, dusty red at the roots,<br>black above where it merged into the billowing canopy that<br>roofed in all the accursed land.<br>Sam was looking at Orodruin, the Mountain of Fire. Ever<br>and anon the furnaces far below its ashen cone would grow<br>hot and with a great surging and throbbing pour forth rivers<br>of molten rock from chasms in its sides. Some would flow<br>blazing towards Barad-du\u02c6r down great channels; some would<br>wind their way into the stony plain, until they cooled and lay<br>like twisted dragon-shapes vomited from the tormented earth.<br>In such an hour of labour Sam beheld Mount Doom, and<br>the light of it, cut off by the high screen of the Ephel Du\u00b4ath<br>from those who climbed up the path from the West, now<br>glared against the stark rock faces, so that they seemed to be<br>drenched with blood.<br>In that dreadful light Sam stood aghast, for now, looking<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1177<br>to his left, he could see the Tower of Cirith Ungol in all its<br>strength. The horn that he had seen from the other side was<br>only its topmost turret. Its eastern face stood up in three great<br>tiers from a shelf in the mountain-wall far below; its back was<br>to a great cliff behind, from which it jutted out in pointed<br>bastions, one above the other, diminishing as they rose, with<br>sheer sides of cunning masonry that looked north-east and<br>south-east. About the lowest tier, two hundred feet below<br>where Sam now stood, there was a battlemented wall enclosing a narrow court. Its gate, upon the near south-eastern side,<br>opened on a broad road, the outer parapet of which ran upon<br>the brink of a precipice, until it turned southward and went<br>winding down into the darkness to join the road that came<br>over the Morgul Pass. Then on it went through a jagged rift<br>in the Morgai out into the valley of Gorgoroth and away to<br>Barad-du\u02c6r. The narrow upper way on which Sam stood leapt<br>swiftly down by stair and steep path to meet the main road<br>under the frowning walls close to the Tower-gate.<br>As he gazed at it suddenly Sam understood, almost with a<br>shock, that this stronghold had been built not to keep enemies<br>out of Mordor, but to keep them in. It was indeed one of the<br>works of Gondor long ago, an eastern outpost of the defences<br>of Ithilien, made when, after the Last Alliance, Men of<br>Westernesse kept watch on the evil land of Sauron where his<br>creatures still lurked. But as with Narchost and Carchost, the<br>Towers of the Teeth, so here too the vigilance had failed,<br>and treachery had yielded up the Tower to the Lord of the<br>Ringwraiths, and now for long years it had been held by evil<br>things. Since his return to Mordor, Sauron had found it useful;<br>for he had few servants but many slaves of fear, and still its<br>chief purpose as of old was to prevent escape from Mordor.<br>Though if an enemy were so rash as to try to enter that land<br>secretly, then it was also a last unsleeping guard against any<br>that might pass the vigilance of Morgul and of Shelob.<br>Only too clearly Sam saw how hopeless it would be for<br>him to creep down under those many-eyed walls and pass<br>the watchful gate. And even if he did so, he could not go far<br>1178 the return of the king<br>on the guarded road beyond: not even the black shadows,<br>lying deep where the red glow could not reach, would shield<br>him long from the night-eyed orcs. But desperate as that road<br>might be, his task was now far worse: not to avoid the gate<br>and escape, but to enter it, alone.<br>His thought turned to the Ring, but there was no comfort<br>there, only dread and danger. No sooner had he come in<br>sight of Mount Doom, burning far away, than he was aware<br>of a change in his burden. As it drew near the great furnaces<br>where, in the deeps of time, it had been shaped and forged,<br>the Ring\u2019s power grew, and it became more fell, untameable<br>save by some mighty will. As Sam stood there, even though<br>the Ring was not on him but hanging by its chain about his<br>neck, he felt himself enlarged, as if he were robed in a huge<br>distorted shadow of himself, a vast and ominous threat halted<br>upon the walls of Mordor. He felt that he had from now on<br>only two choices: to forbear the Ring, though it would torment him; or to claim it, and challenge the Power that sat in<br>its dark hold beyond the valley of shadows. Already the Ring<br>tempted him, gnawing at his will and reason. Wild fantasies<br>arose in his mind; and he saw Samwise the Strong, Hero of<br>the Age, striding with a flaming sword across the darkened<br>land, and armies flocking to his call as he marched to the<br>overthrow of Barad-du\u02c6r. And then all the clouds rolled away,<br>and the white sun shone, and at his command the vale of<br>Gorgoroth became a garden of flowers and trees and brought<br>forth fruit. He had only to put on the Ring and claim it for<br>his own, and all this could be.<br>In that hour of trial it was the love of his master that helped<br>most to hold him firm; but also deep down in him lived still<br>unconquered his plain hobbit-sense: he knew in the core of<br>his heart that he was not large enough to bear such a burden,<br>even if such visions were not a mere cheat to betray him. The<br>one small garden of a free gardener was all his need and due,<br>not a garden swollen to a realm; his own hands to use, not<br>the hands of others to command.<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1179<br>\u2018And anyway all these notions are only a trick,\u2019 he said to<br>himself. \u2018He\u2019d spot me and cow me, before I could so much<br>as shout out. He\u2019d spot me, pretty quick, if I put the Ring on<br>now, in Mordor. Well, all I can say is: things look as hopeless<br>as a frost in Spring. Just when being invisible would be really<br>useful, I can\u2019t use the Ring! And if ever I get any further, it\u2019s<br>going to be nothing but a drag and a burden every step. So<br>what\u2019s to be done?\u2019<br>He was not really in any doubt. He knew that he must go<br>down to the gate and not linger any more. With a shrug of<br>his shoulders, as if to shake off the shadow and dismiss the<br>phantoms, he began slowly to descend. With each step he<br>seemed to diminish. He had not gone far before he had<br>shrunk again to a very small and frightened hobbit. He was<br>now passing under the very walls of the Tower, and the cries<br>and sounds of fighting could be heard with his unaided ears.<br>At the moment the noise seemed to be coming from the court<br>behind the outer wall.<br>Sam was about half way down the path when out of the<br>dark gateway into the red glow there came two orcs running.<br>They did not turn towards him. They were making for the<br>main road; but even as they ran they stumbled and fell to the<br>ground and lay still. Sam had seen no arrows, but he guessed<br>that the orcs had been shot down by others on the battlements<br>or hidden in the shadow of the gate. He went on, hugging<br>the wall on his left. One look upward had shown him that<br>there was no hope of climbing it. The stone-work rose thirty<br>feet, without a crack or ledge, to overhanging courses like<br>inverted steps. The gate was the only way.<br>He crept on; and as he went he wondered how many orcs<br>lived in the Tower with Shagrat, and how many Gorbag<br>had, and what they were quarrelling about, if that was what<br>was happening. Shagrat\u2019s company had seemed to be about<br>forty, and Gorbag\u2019s more than twice as large; but of course<br>Shagrat\u2019s patrol had only been a part of his garrison. Almost<br>certainly they were quarrelling about Frodo, and the spoil.<br>1180 the return of the king<br>For a second Sam halted, for suddenly things seemed clear<br>to him, almost as if he had seen them with his eyes. The<br>mithril coat! Of course, Frodo was wearing it, and they would<br>find it. And from what Sam had heard Gorbag would covet<br>it. But the orders of the Dark Tower were at present Frodo\u2019s<br>only protection, and if they were set aside, Frodo might be<br>killed out of hand at any moment.<br>\u2018Come on, you miserable sluggard!\u2019 Sam cried to himself.<br>\u2018Now for it!\u2019 He drew Sting and ran towards the open gate.<br>But just as he was about to pass under its great arch he felt<br>a shock: as if he had run into some web like Shelob\u2019s, only<br>invisible. He could see no obstacle, but something too strong<br>for his will to overcome barred the way. He looked about,<br>and then within the shadow of the gate he saw the Two<br>Watchers.<br>They were like great figures seated upon thrones. Each had<br>three joined bodies, and three heads facing outward, and<br>inward, and across the gateway. The heads had vulture-faces,<br>and on their great knees were laid clawlike hands. They<br>seemed to be carved out of huge blocks of stone, immovable,<br>and yet they were aware: some dreadful spirit of evil vigilance<br>abode in them. They knew an enemy. Visible or invisible<br>none could pass unheeded. They would forbid his entry, or<br>his escape.<br>Hardening his will Sam thrust forward once again, and<br>halted with a jerk, staggering as if from a blow upon his breast<br>and head. Then greatly daring, because he could think of<br>nothing else to do, answering a sudden thought that came to<br>him, he drew slowly out the phial of Galadriel and held it up.<br>Its white light quickened swiftly, and the shadows under the<br>dark arch fled. The monstrous Watchers sat there cold and<br>still, revealed in all their hideous shape. For a moment Sam<br>caught a glitter in the black stones of their eyes, the very<br>malice of which made him quail; but slowly he felt their will<br>waver and crumble into fear.<br>He sprang past them; but even as he did so, thrusting the<br>phial back into his bosom, he was aware, as plainly as if a bar<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1181<br>of steel had snapped to behind him, that their vigilance was<br>renewed. And from those evil heads there came a high shrill<br>cry that echoed in the towering walls before him. Far up<br>above, like an answering signal, a harsh bell clanged a single<br>stroke.<br>\u2018That\u2019s done it!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Now I\u2019ve rung the front-door<br>bell! Well, come on somebody!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Tell Captain<br>Shagrat that the great Elf-warrior has called, with his elfsword too!\u2019<br>There was no answer. Sam strode forward. Sting glittered<br>blue in his hand. The courtyard lay in deep shadow, but he<br>could see that the pavement was strewn with bodies. Right<br>at his feet were two orc-archers with knives sticking in their<br>backs. Beyond lay many more shapes; some singly as they<br>had been hewn down or shot; others in pairs, still grappling<br>one another, dead in the very throes of stabbing, throttling,<br>biting. The stones were slippery with dark blood.<br>Two liveries Sam noticed, one marked by the Red Eye, the<br>other by a Moon disfigured with a ghastly face of death; but<br>he did not stop to look more closely. Across the court a great<br>door at the foot of the Tower stood half open, and a red light<br>came through; a large orc lay dead upon the threshold. Sam<br>sprang over the body and went in; and then he peered about<br>at a loss.<br>A wide and echoing passage led back from the door<br>towards the mountain-side. It was dimly lit with torches flaring in brackets on the walls, but its distant end was lost in<br>gloom. Many doors and openings could be seen on this side<br>and that; but it was empty save for two or three more bodies<br>sprawling on the floor. From what he had heard of the captains\u2019 talk Sam knew that, dead or alive, Frodo would most<br>likely be found in a chamber high up in the turret far above;<br>but he might search for a day before he found the way.<br>\u2018It\u2019ll be near the back, I guess,\u2019 Sam muttered. \u2018The whole<br>Tower climbs backwards-like. And anyway I\u2019d better follow<br>these lights.\u2019<br>1182 the return of the king<br>He advanced down the passage, but slowly now, each step<br>more reluctant. Terror was beginning to grip him again.<br>There was no sound save the rap of his feet, which seemed<br>to grow to an echoing noise, like the slapping of great hands<br>upon the stones. The dead bodies; the emptiness; the dank<br>black walls that in the torchlight seemed to drip with blood;<br>the fear of sudden death lurking in doorway or shadow; and<br>behind all his mind the waiting watchful malice at the gate:<br>it was almost more than he could screw himself to face. He<br>would have welcomed a fight \u2013 with not too many enemies<br>at a time \u2013 rather than this hideous brooding uncertainty. He<br>forced himself to think of Frodo, lying bound or in pain or<br>dead somewhere in this dreadful place. He went on.<br>He had passed beyond the torchlight, almost to a great<br>arched door at the end of the passage, the inner side of the<br>under-gate, as he rightly guessed, when there came from high<br>above a dreadful choking shriek. He stopped short. Then he<br>heard feet coming. Someone was running in great haste down<br>an echoing stairway overhead.<br>His will was too weak and slow to restrain his hand. It<br>dragged at the chain and clutched the Ring. But Sam did not<br>put it on; for even as he clasped it to his breast, an orc came<br>clattering down. Leaping out of a dark opening at the right,<br>it ran towards him. It was no more than six paces from him<br>when, lifting its head, it saw him; and Sam could hear its<br>gasping breath and see the glare in its bloodshot eyes. It<br>stopped short aghast. For what it saw was not a small frightened hobbit trying to hold a steady sword: it saw a great<br>silent shape, cloaked in a grey shadow, looming against the<br>wavering light behind; in one hand it held a sword, the very<br>light of which was a bitter pain, the other was clutched at its<br>breast, but held concealed some nameless menace of power<br>and doom.<br>For a moment the orc crouched, and then with a hideous<br>yelp of fear it turned and fled back as it had come. Never<br>was any dog more heartened when its enemy turned tail than<br>Sam at this unexpected flight. With a shout he gave chase.<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1183<br>\u2018Yes! The Elf-warrior is loose!\u2019 he cried. \u2018I\u2019m coming. Just<br>you show me the way up, or I\u2019ll skin you!\u2019<br>But the orc was in its own haunts, nimble and well-fed.<br>Sam was a stranger, hungry and weary. The stairs were high<br>and steep and winding. Sam\u2019s breath began to come in gasps.<br>The orc had soon passed out of sight, and now only faintly<br>could be heard the slapping of its feet as it went on and up.<br>Every now and again it gave a yell, and the echo ran along<br>the walls. But slowly all sound of it died away.<br>Sam plodded on. He felt that he was on the right road, and<br>his spirits had risen a good deal. He thrust the Ring away<br>and tightened his belt. \u2018Well, well!\u2019 he said. \u2018If only they all<br>take such a dislike to me and my Sting, this may turn out<br>better than I hoped. And anyway it looks as if Shagrat,<br>Gorbag, and company have done nearly all my job for me.<br>Except for that little frightened rat, I do believe there\u2019s<br>nobody left alive in the place!\u2019<br>And with that he stopped, brought up hard, as if he had<br>hit his head against the stone wall. The full meaning of what<br>he had said struck him like a blow. Nobody left alive! Whose<br>had been that horrible dying shriek? \u2018Frodo, Frodo! Master!\u2019<br>he cried half sobbing. \u2018If they\u2019ve killed you, what shall I do?<br>Well, I\u2019m coming at last, right to the top, to see what I must.\u2019<br>Up, up he went. It was dark save for an occasional torch<br>flaring at a turn, or beside some opening that led into the<br>higher levels of the Tower. Sam tried to count the steps, but<br>after two hundred he lost his reckoning. He was moving<br>quietly now; for he thought that he could hear the sound<br>of voices talking, still some way above. More than one rat<br>remained alive it seemed.<br>All at once, when he felt that he could pump out no more<br>breath, nor force his knees to bend again, the stair ended. He<br>stood still. The voices were now loud and near. Sam peered<br>about. He had climbed right to the flat roof of the third and<br>highest tier of the Tower: an open space, about twenty yards<br>across, with a low parapet. There the stair was covered by a<br>1184 the return of the king<br>small domed chamber in the midst of the roof, with low doors<br>facing east and west. Eastward Sam could see the plain of<br>Mordor vast and dark below, and the burning mountain far<br>away. A fresh turmoil was surging in its deep wells, and the<br>rivers of fire blazed so fiercely that even at this distance of<br>many miles the light of them lit the tower-top with a red<br>glare. Westward the view was blocked by the base of the great<br>turret that stood at the back of this upper court and reared<br>its horn high above the crest of the encircling hills. Light<br>gleamed in a window-slit. Its door was not ten yards from<br>where Sam stood. It was open but dark, and from just within<br>its shadow the voices came.<br>At first Sam did not listen; he took a pace out of the<br>eastward door and looked about. At once he saw that up here<br>the fighting had been fiercest. All the court was choked with<br>dead orcs, or their severed and scattered heads and limbs.<br>The place stank of death. A snarl followed by a blow and a<br>cry sent him darting back into hiding. An orc-voice rose in<br>anger, and he knew it again at once, harsh, brutal, cold. It<br>was Shagrat speaking, Captain of the Tower.<br>\u2018You won\u2019t go again, you say? Curse you, Snaga, you little<br>maggot! If you think I\u2019m so damaged that it\u2019s safe to flout<br>me, you\u2019re mistaken. Come here, and I\u2019ll squeeze your eyes<br>out, like I did to Radbug just now. And when some new lads<br>come, I\u2019ll deal with you: I\u2019ll send you to Shelob.\u2019<br>\u2018They won\u2019t come, not before you\u2019re dead anyway,\u2019<br>answered Snaga surlily. \u2018I\u2019ve told you twice that Gorbag\u2019s<br>swine got to the gate first, and none of ours got out. Lagduf<br>and Muzgash ran through, but they were shot. I saw it from<br>a window, I tell you. And they were the last.\u2019<br>\u2018Then you must go. I must stay here anyway. But I\u2019m hurt.<br>The Black Pits take that filthy rebel Gorbag!\u2019 Shagrat\u2019s voice<br>trailed off into a string of foul names and curses. \u2018I gave<br>him better than I got, but he knifed me, the dung, before I<br>throttled him. You must go, or I\u2019ll eat you. News must get<br>through to Lugbu\u00b4rz, or we\u2019ll both be for the Black Pits. Yes,<br>you too. You won\u2019t escape by skulking here.\u2019<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1185<br>\u2018I\u2019m not going down those stairs again,\u2019 growled Snaga,<br>\u2018be you captain or no. Nar! Keep your hands off your knife,<br>or I\u2019ll put an arrow in your guts. You won\u2019t be a captain long<br>when They hear about all these goings-on. I\u2019ve fought for<br>the Tower against those stinking Morgul-rats, but a nice mess<br>you two precious captains have made of things, fighting over<br>the swag.\u2019<br>\u2018That\u2019s enough from you,\u2019 snarled Shagrat. \u2018I had my<br>orders. It was Gorbag started it, trying to pinch that pretty<br>shirt.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, you put his back up, being so high and mighty. And<br>he had more sense than you anyway. He told you more than<br>once that the most dangerous of these spies was still loose,<br>and you wouldn\u2019t listen. And you won\u2019t listen now. Gorbag<br>was right, I tell you. There\u2019s a great fighter about, one of<br>those bloody-handed Elves, or one of the filthy tarks.* He\u2019s<br>coming here, I tell you. You heard the bell. He\u2019s got past the<br>Watchers, and that\u2019s tark\u2019s work. He\u2019s on the stairs. And until<br>he\u2019s off them, I\u2019m not going down. Not if you were a Nazgu\u02c6l,<br>I wouldn\u2019t.\u2019<br>\u2018So that\u2019s it, is it?\u2019 yelled Shagrat. \u2018You\u2019ll do this, and you\u2019ll<br>not do that? And when he does come, you\u2019ll bolt and leave<br>me? No, you won\u2019t! I\u2019ll put red maggot-holes in your belly<br>first.\u2019<br>Out of the turret-door the smaller orc came flying. Behind<br>him came Shagrat, a large orc with long arms that, as he ran<br>crouching, reached to the ground. But one arm hung limp<br>and seemed to be bleeding; the other hugged a large black<br>bundle. In the red glare Sam, cowering behind the stair-door,<br>caught a glimpse of his evil face as it passed: it was scored<br>as if by rending claws and smeared with blood; slaver dripped from its protruding fangs; the mouth snarled like an<br>animal.<br>As far as Sam could see, Shagrat hunted Snaga round<br>the roof, until ducking and eluding him the smaller orc with<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>See Appendix F, 1487.<br>1186 the return of the king<br>a yelp darted back into the turret and disappeared. Then<br>Shagrat halted. Out of the eastward door Sam could see<br>him now by the parapet, panting, his left claw clenching<br>and unclenching feebly. He put the bundle on the floor and<br>with his right claw drew out a long red knife and spat on it.<br>Going to the parapet he leaned over, looking down into the<br>outer court far below. Twice he shouted but no answer<br>came.<br>Suddenly, as Shagrat was stooped over the battlement, his<br>back to the roof-top, Sam to his amazement saw that one of<br>the sprawling bodies was moving. It was crawling. It put out<br>a claw and clutched the bundle. It staggered up. In its other<br>hand it held a broad-headed spear with a short broken haft.<br>It was poised for a stabbing thrust. But at that very moment<br>a hiss escaped its teeth, a gasp of pain or hate. Quick as a<br>snake Shagrat slipped aside, twisted round, and drove his<br>knife into his enemy\u2019s throat.<br>\u2018Got you, Gorbag!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Not quite dead, eh? Well, I\u2019ll<br>finish my job now.\u2019 He sprang on to the fallen body, and<br>stamped and trampled it in his fury, stooping now and again<br>to stab and slash it with his knife. Satisfied at last, he threw<br>back his head and let out a horrible gurgling yell of triumph.<br>Then he licked his knife, and put it between his teeth, and<br>catching up the bundle he came loping towards the near door<br>of the stairs.<br>Sam had no time to think. He might have slipped out of<br>the other door, but hardly without being seen; and he could<br>not have played hide-and-seek with this hideous orc for long.<br>He did what was probably the best thing he could have done.<br>He sprang out to meet Shagrat with a shout. He was no<br>longer holding the Ring, but it was there, a hidden power, a<br>cowing menace to the slaves of Mordor; and in his hand was<br>Sting, and its light smote the eyes of the orc like the glitter of<br>cruel stars in the terrible elf-countries, the dream of which<br>was a cold fear to all his kind. And Shagrat could not both<br>fight and keep hold of his treasure. He stopped, growling,<br>baring his fangs. Then once more, orc-fashion, he leapt aside,<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1187<br>and as Sam sprang at him, using the heavy bundle as both<br>shield and weapon, he thrust it hard into his enemy\u2019s face.<br>Sam staggered, and before he could recover, Shagrat darted<br>past and down the stairs.<br>Sam ran after him, cursing, but he did not go far. Soon<br>the thought of Frodo returned to him, and he remembered<br>that the other orc had gone back into the turret. Here was<br>another dreadful choice, and he had no time to ponder it. If<br>Shagrat got away, he would soon get help and come back.<br>But if Sam pursued him, the other orc might do some horrible<br>deed up there. And anyway Sam might miss Shagrat or be<br>killed by him. He turned quickly and ran back up the stairs.<br>\u2018Wrong again, I expect,\u2019 he sighed. \u2018But it\u2019s my job to go<br>right up to the top first, whatever happens afterwards.\u2019<br>Away below Shagrat went leaping down the stairs and out<br>over the court and through the gate, bearing his precious<br>burden. If Sam could have seen him and known the grief that<br>his escape would bring, he might have quailed. But now his<br>mind was set on the last stage of his search. He came cautiously to the turret-door and stepped inside. It opened into<br>darkness. But soon his staring eyes were aware of a dim light<br>at his right hand. It came from an opening that led to another<br>stairway, dark and narrow: it appeared to go winding up the<br>turret along the inside of its round outer wall. A torch was<br>glimmering from somewhere up above.<br>Softly Sam began to climb. He came to the guttering torch,<br>fixed above a door on his left that faced a window-slit looking<br>out westward: one of the red eyes that he and Frodo had seen<br>from down below by the tunnel\u2019s mouth. Quickly Sam passed<br>the door and hurried on to the second storey, dreading at<br>any moment to be attacked and to feel throttling fingers seize<br>his throat from behind. He came next to a window looking<br>east and another torch above the door to a passage through<br>the middle of the turret. The door was open, the passage<br>dark save for the glimmer of the torch and the red glare from<br>outside filtering through the window-slit. But here the stair<br>stopped and climbed no further. Sam crept into the passage.<br>1188 the return of the king<br>On either side there was a low door; both were closed and<br>locked. There was no sound at all.<br>\u2018A dead end,\u2019 muttered Sam; \u2018and after all my climb! This<br>can\u2019t be the top of the tower. But what can I do now?\u2019<br>He ran back to the lower storey and tried the door. It would<br>not move. He ran up again, and sweat began to trickle down<br>his face. He felt that even minutes were precious, but one by<br>one they escaped; and he could do nothing. He cared no<br>longer for Shagrat or Snaga or any other orc that was ever<br>spawned. He longed only for his master, for one sight of his<br>face or one touch of his hand.<br>At last, weary and feeling finally defeated, he sat on a step<br>below the level of the passage-floor and bowed his head into<br>his hands. It was quiet, horribly quiet. The torch, that was<br>already burning low when he arrived, sputtered and went<br>out; and he felt the darkness cover him like a tide. And then<br>softly, to his own surprise, there at the vain end of his long<br>journey and his grief, moved by what thought in his heart he<br>could not tell, Sam began to sing.<br>His voice sounded thin and quavering in the cold dark<br>tower: the voice of a forlorn and weary hobbit that no listening orc could possibly mistake for the clear song of an Elvenlord. He murmured old childish tunes out of the Shire, and<br>snatches of Mr. Bilbo\u2019s rhymes that came into his mind like<br>fleeting glimpses of the country of his home. And then suddenly new strength rose in him, and his voice rang out, while<br>words of his own came unbidden to fit the simple tune.<br>In western lands beneath the Sun<br>the flowers may rise in Spring,<br>the trees may bud, the waters run,<br>the merry finches sing.<br>Or there maybe \u2019tis cloudless night<br>and swaying beeches bear<br>the Elven-stars as jewels white<br>amid their branching hair.<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1189<br>Though here at journey\u2019s end I lie<br>in darkness buried deep,<br>beyond all towers strong and high,<br>beyond all mountains steep,<br>above all shadows rides the Sun<br>and Stars for ever dwell:<br>I will not say the Day is done,<br>nor bid the Stars farewell.<br>\u2018Beyond all towers strong and high,\u2019 he began again, and<br>then he stopped short. He thought that he had heard a faint<br>voice answering him. But now he could hear nothing. Yes,<br>he could hear something, but not a voice. Footsteps were<br>approaching. Now a door was being opened quietly in the<br>passage above; the hinges creaked. Sam crouched down<br>listening. The door closed with a dull thud; and then a snarling orc-voice rang out.<br>\u2018Ho la! You up there, you dunghill rat! Stop your squeaking, or I\u2019ll come and deal with you. D\u2019you hear?\u2019<br>There was no answer.<br>\u2018All right,\u2019 growled Snaga. \u2018But I\u2019ll come and have a look<br>at you all the same, and see what you\u2019re up to.\u2019<br>The hinges creaked again, and Sam, now peering over the<br>corner of the passage-threshold, saw a flicker of light in an<br>open doorway, and the dim shape of an orc coming out. He<br>seemed to be carrying a ladder. Suddenly the answer dawned<br>on Sam: the topmost chamber was reached by a trap-door in<br>the roof of the passage. Snaga thrust the ladder upwards,<br>steadied it, and then clambered out of sight. Sam heard a<br>bolt drawn back. Then he heard the hideous voice speaking<br>again.<br>\u2018You lie quiet, or you\u2019ll pay for it! You\u2019ve not got long to<br>live in peace, I guess; but if you don\u2019t want the fun to begin<br>right now, keep your trap shut, see? There\u2019s a reminder for<br>you!\u2019 There was a sound like the crack of a whip.<br>At that rage blazed in Sam\u2019s heart to a sudden fury. He<br>sprang up, ran, and went up the ladder like a cat. His head<br>1190 the return of the king<br>came out in the middle of the floor of a large round chamber.<br>A red lamp hung from its roof; the westward window-slit<br>was high and dark. Something was lying on the floor by<br>the wall under the window, but over it a black orc-shape<br>was straddled. It raised a whip a second time, but the blow<br>never fell.<br>With a cry Sam leapt across the floor, Sting in hand. The<br>orc wheeled round, but before it could make a move Sam<br>slashed its whip-hand from its arm. Howling with pain and<br>fear but desperate the orc charged head-down at him. Sam\u2019s<br>next blow went wide, and thrown off his balance he fell<br>backwards, clutching at the orc as it stumbled over him.<br>Before he could scramble up he heard a cry and a thud. The<br>orc in its wild haste had tripped on the ladder-head and fallen<br>through the open trap-door. Sam gave no more thought to<br>it. He ran to the figure huddled on the floor. It was Frodo.<br>He was naked, lying as if in a swoon on a heap of filthy<br>rags: his arm was flung up, shielding his head, and across his<br>side there ran an ugly whip-weal.<br>\u2018Frodo! Mr. Frodo, my dear!\u2019 cried Sam, tears almost<br>blinding him. \u2018It\u2019s Sam, I\u2019ve come!\u2019 He half lifted his master<br>and hugged him to his breast. Frodo opened his eyes.<br>\u2018Am I still dreaming?\u2019 he muttered. \u2018But the other dreams<br>were horrible.\u2019<br>\u2018You\u2019re not dreaming at all, Master,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018It\u2019s real.<br>It\u2019s me. I\u2019ve come.\u2019<br>\u2018I can hardly believe it,\u2019 said Frodo, clutching him. \u2018There<br>was an orc with a whip, and then it turns into Sam! Then I<br>wasn\u2019t dreaming after all when I heard that singing down<br>below, and I tried to answer? Was it you?\u2019<br>\u2018It was indeed, Mr. Frodo. I\u2019d given up hope, almost. I<br>couldn\u2019t find you.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, you have now, Sam, dear Sam,\u2019 said Frodo, and he<br>lay back in Sam\u2019s gentle arms, closing his eyes, like a child at<br>rest when night-fears are driven away by some loved voice<br>or hand.<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1191<br>Sam felt that he could sit like that in endless happiness;<br>but it was not allowed. It was not enough for him to find his<br>master, he had still to try and save him. He kissed Frodo\u2019s<br>forehead. \u2018Come! Wake up, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 he said, trying to<br>sound as cheerful as he had when he drew back the curtains<br>at Bag End on a summer\u2019s morning.<br>Frodo sighed and sat up. \u2018Where are we? How did I get<br>here?\u2019 he asked.<br>\u2018There\u2019s no time for tales till we get somewhere else, Mr.<br>Frodo,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018But you\u2019re in the top of that tower you<br>and me saw from away down by the tunnel before the orcs<br>got you. How long ago that was I don\u2019t know. More than a<br>day, I guess.\u2019<br>\u2018Only that?\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018It seems weeks. You must tell me<br>all about it, if we get a chance. Something hit me, didn\u2019t it?<br>And I fell into darkness and foul dreams, and woke and found<br>that waking was worse. Orcs were all round me. I think they<br>had just been pouring some horrible burning drink down my<br>throat. My head grew clear, but I was aching and weary.<br>They stripped me of everything; and then two great brutes<br>came and questioned me, questioned me until I thought I<br>should go mad, standing over me, gloating, fingering their<br>knives. I\u2019ll never forget their claws and eyes.\u2019<br>\u2018You won\u2019t, if you talk about them, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018And if we don\u2019t want to see them again, the sooner we get<br>going the better. Can you walk?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I can walk,\u2019 said Frodo, getting up slowly. \u2018I am not<br>hurt, Sam. Only I feel very tired, and I\u2019ve a pain here.\u2019 He<br>put his hand to the back of his neck above his left shoulder.<br>He stood up, and it looked to Sam as if he was clothed in<br>flame: his naked skin was scarlet in the light of the lamp<br>above. Twice he paced across the floor.<br>\u2018That\u2019s better!\u2019 he said, his spirits rising a little. \u2018I didn\u2019t<br>dare to move when I was left alone, or one of the guards came.<br>Until the yelling and fighting began. The two big brutes: they<br>quarrelled, I think. Over me and my things. I lay here terrified. And then all went deadly quiet, and that was worse.\u2019<br>1192 the return of the king<br>\u2018Yes, they quarrelled, seemingly,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018There must<br>have been a couple of hundred of the dirty creatures in this<br>place. A bit of a tall order for Sam Gamgee, as you might<br>say. But they\u2019ve done all the killing of themselves. That\u2019s<br>lucky, but it\u2019s too long to make a song about, till we\u2019re out of<br>here. Now what\u2019s to be done? You can\u2019t go walking in the<br>Black Land in naught but your skin, Mr. Frodo.\u2019<br>\u2018They\u2019ve taken everything, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Everything<br>I had. Do you understand? Everything!\u2019 He cowered on the<br>floor again with bowed head, as his own words brought home<br>to him the fullness of the disaster, and despair overwhelmed<br>him. \u2018The quest has failed, Sam. Even if we get out of here,<br>we can\u2019t escape. Only Elves can escape. Away, away out of<br>Middle-earth, far away over the Sea. If even that is wide<br>enough to keep the Shadow out.\u2019<br>\u2018No, not everything, Mr. Frodo. And it hasn\u2019t failed, not<br>yet. I took it, Mr. Frodo, begging your pardon. And I\u2019ve kept<br>it safe. It\u2019s round my neck now, and a terrible burden it is,<br>too.\u2019 Sam fumbled for the Ring and its chain. \u2018But I suppose<br>you must take it back.\u2019 Now it had come to it, Sam felt<br>reluctant to give up the Ring and burden his master with it<br>again.<br>\u2018You\u2019ve got it?\u2019 gasped Frodo. \u2018You\u2019ve got it here? Sam,<br>you\u2019re a marvel!\u2019 Then quickly and strangely his tone<br>changed. \u2018Give it to me!\u2019 he cried, standing up, holding out<br>a trembling hand. \u2018Give it me at once! You can\u2019t have it!\u2019<br>\u2018All right, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam, rather startled. \u2018Here it<br>is!\u2019 Slowly he drew the Ring out and passed the chain over<br>his head. \u2018But you\u2019re in the land of Mordor now, sir; and<br>when you get out, you\u2019ll see the Fiery Mountain and all.<br>You\u2019ll find the Ring very dangerous now, and very hard to<br>bear. If it\u2019s too hard a job, I could share it with you, maybe?\u2019<br>\u2018No, no!\u2019 cried Frodo, snatching the Ring and chain from<br>Sam\u2019s hands. \u2018No you won\u2019t, you thief!\u2019 He panted, staring<br>at Sam with eyes wide with fear and enmity. Then suddenly,<br>clasping the Ring in one clenched fist, he stood aghast. A<br>mist seemed to clear from his eyes, and he passed a hand<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1193<br>over his aching brow. The hideous vision had seemed so real<br>to him, half bemused as he was still with wound and fear.<br>Sam had changed before his very eyes into an orc again,<br>leering and pawing at his treasure, a foul little creature with<br>greedy eyes and slobbering mouth. But now the vision had<br>passed. There was Sam kneeling before him, his face wrung<br>with pain, as if he had been stabbed in the heart; tears welled<br>from his eyes.<br>\u2018O Sam!\u2019 cried Frodo. \u2018What have I said? What have I<br>done? Forgive me! After all you have done. It is the horrible<br>power of the Ring. I wish it had never, never, been found.<br>But don\u2019t mind me, Sam. I must carry the burden to the end.<br>It can\u2019t be altered. You can\u2019t come between me and this<br>doom.\u2019<br>\u2018That\u2019s all right, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam, rubbing his sleeve<br>across his eyes. \u2018I understand. But I can still help, can\u2019t I?<br>I\u2019ve got to get you out of here. At once, see! But first you<br>want some clothes and gear, and then some food. The clothes<br>will be the easiest part. As we\u2019re in Mordor, we\u2019d best dress<br>up Mordor-fashion; and anyway there isn\u2019t no choice. It\u2019ll<br>have to be orc-stuff for you, Mr. Frodo, I\u2019m afraid. And for<br>me too. If we go together, we\u2019d best match. Now put this<br>round you!\u2019<br>Sam unclasped his grey cloak and cast it about Frodo\u2019s<br>shoulders. Then unslinging his pack he laid it on the floor.<br>He drew Sting from its sheath. Hardly a flicker was to be<br>seen upon its blade. \u2018I was forgetting this, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 he<br>said. \u2018No, they didn\u2019t get everything! You lent me Sting, if<br>you remember, and the Lady\u2019s glass. I\u2019ve got them both still.<br>But lend them to me a little longer, Mr. Frodo. I must go<br>and see what I can find. You stay here. Walk about a bit and<br>ease your legs. I shan\u2019t be long. I shan\u2019t have to go far.\u2019<br>\u2018Take care, Sam!\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018And be quick! There may<br>be orcs still alive, lurking in wait.\u2019<br>\u2018I\u2019ve got to chance it,\u2019 said Sam. He stepped to the trapdoor and slipped down the ladder. In a minute his head<br>reappeared. He threw a long knife on the floor.<br>1194 the return of the king<br>\u2018There\u2019s something that might be useful,\u2019 he said. \u2018He\u2019s<br>dead: the one that whipped you. Broke his neck, it seems, in<br>his hurry. Now you draw up the ladder, if you can, Mr.<br>Frodo; and don\u2019t you let it down till you hear me call the<br>pass-word. Elbereth I\u2019ll call. What the Elves say. No orc would<br>say that.\u2019<br>Frodo sat for a while and shivered, dreadful fears chasing<br>one another through his mind. Then he got up, drew the<br>grey elven-cloak about him, and to keep his mind occupied,<br>began to walk to and fro, prying and peering into every corner<br>of his prison.<br>It was not very long, though fear made it seem an hour at<br>least, before he heard Sam\u2019s voice calling softly from below:<br>Elbereth, Elbereth. Frodo let down the light ladder. Up came<br>Sam, puffing, heaving a great bundle on his head. He let it<br>fall with a thud.<br>\u2018Quick now, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 he said. \u2018I\u2019ve had a bit of a search<br>to find anything small enough for the likes of us. We\u2019ll have<br>to make do. But we must hurry. I\u2019ve met nothing alive, and<br>I\u2019ve seen nothing, but I\u2019m not easy. I think this place is being<br>watched. I can\u2019t explain it, but well: it feels to me as if one of<br>those foul flying Riders was about, up in the blackness where<br>he can\u2019t be seen.\u2019<br>He opened the bundle. Frodo looked in disgust at the<br>contents, but there was nothing for it: he had to put the things<br>on, or go naked. There were long hairy breeches of some<br>unclean beast-fell, and a tunic of dirty leather. He drew them<br>on. Over the tunic went a coat of stout ring-mail, short for a<br>full-sized orc, too long for Frodo and heavy. About it he<br>clasped a belt, at which there hung a short sheath holding<br>a broad-bladed stabbing-sword. Sam had brought several<br>orc-helmets. One of them fitted Frodo well enough, a black<br>cap with iron rim, and iron hoops covered with leather upon<br>which the Evil Eye was painted in red above the beaklike<br>nose-guard.<br>\u2018The Morgul-stuff, Gorbag\u2019s gear, was a better fit and<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1195<br>better made,\u2019 said Sam; \u2018but it wouldn\u2019t do, I guess, to go<br>carrying his tokens into Mordor, not after this business here.<br>Well, there you are, Mr. Frodo. A perfect little orc, if I may<br>make so bold \u2013 at least you would be, if we could cover<br>your face with a mask, give you longer arms, and make you<br>bow-legged. This will hide some of the tell-tales.\u2019 He put a<br>large black cloak round Frodo\u2019s shoulders. \u2018Now you\u2019re<br>ready! You can pick up a shield as we go.\u2019<br>\u2018What about you, Sam?\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Aren\u2019t we going to<br>match?\u2019<br>\u2018Well, Mr. Frodo, I\u2019ve been thinking,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018I\u2019d best<br>not leave any of my stuff behind, and we can\u2019t destroy it.<br>And I can\u2019t wear orc-mail over all my clothes, can I? I\u2019ll just<br>have to cover up.\u2019<br>He knelt down and carefully folded his elven-cloak. It went<br>into a surprisingly small roll. This he put into his pack that<br>lay on the floor. Standing up, he slung it behind his back, put<br>an orc-helm on his head, and cast another black cloak about<br>his shoulders. \u2018There!\u2019 he said. \u2018Now we match, near enough.<br>And now we must be off!\u2019<br>\u2018I can\u2019t go all the way at a run, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo with a<br>wry smile. \u2018I hope you\u2019ve made inquiries about inns along<br>the road? Or have you forgotten about food and drink?\u2019<br>\u2018Save me, but so I had!\u2019 said Sam. He whistled in dismay.<br>\u2018Bless me, Mr. Frodo, but you\u2019ve gone and made me that<br>hungry and thirsty! I don\u2019t know when drop or morsel last<br>passed my lips. I\u2019d forgotten it, trying to find you. But let me<br>think! Last time I looked I\u2019d got about enough of that waybread, and of what Captain Faramir gave us, to keep me on<br>my legs for a couple of weeks at a pinch. But if there\u2019s a drop<br>left in my bottle, there\u2019s no more. That\u2019s not going to be<br>enough for two, nohow. Don\u2019t orcs eat, and don\u2019t they drink?<br>Or do they just live on foul air and poison?\u2019<br>\u2018No, they eat and drink, Sam. The Shadow that bred them<br>can only mock, it cannot make: not real new things of its<br>own. I don\u2019t think it gave life to the orcs, it only ruined them<br>and twisted them; and if they are to live at all, they have to<br>1196 the return of the king<br>live like other living creatures. Foul waters and foul meats<br>they\u2019ll take, if they can get no better, but not poison. They\u2019ve<br>fed me, and so I\u2019m better off than you. There must be food<br>and water somewhere in this place.\u2019<br>\u2018But there\u2019s no time to look for them,\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018Well, things are a bit better than you think,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018I<br>have had a bit of luck while you were away. Indeed they did<br>not take everything. I\u2019ve found my food-bag among some<br>rags on the floor. They\u2019ve rummaged it, of course. But I<br>guess they disliked the very look and smell of the lembas,<br>worse than Gollum did. It\u2019s scattered about and some of it is<br>trampled and broken, but I\u2019ve gathered it together. It\u2019s not<br>far short of what you\u2019ve got. But they\u2019ve taken Faramir\u2019s<br>food, and they\u2019ve slashed up my water-bottle.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, there\u2019s no more to be said,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018We\u2019ve got<br>enough to start on. But the water\u2019s going to be a bad business.<br>But come, Mr. Frodo! Off we go, or a whole lake of it won\u2019t<br>do us any good!\u2019<br>\u2018Not till you\u2019ve had a mouthful, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018I won\u2019t<br>budge. Here, take this elven-cake, and drink that last drop in<br>your bottle! The whole thing is quite hopeless, so it\u2019s no good<br>worrying about tomorrow. It probably won\u2019t come.\u2019<br>At last they started. Down the ladder they climbed, and<br>then Sam took it and laid it in the passage beside the huddled<br>body of the fallen orc. The stair was dark, but on the roof-top<br>the glare of the Mountain could still be seen, though it was<br>dying down now to a sullen red. They picked up two shields<br>to complete their disguise and then went on.<br>Down the great stairway they plodded. The high chamber<br>of the turret behind, where they had met again, seemed<br>almost homely: they were out in the open again now, and<br>terror ran along the walls. All might be dead in the Tower of<br>Cirith Ungol, but it was steeped in fear and evil still.<br>At length they came to the door upon the outer court, and<br>they halted. Even from where they stood they felt the malice<br>of the Watchers beating on them, black silent shapes on either<br>the tower of cirith ungol 1197<br>side of the gate through which the glare of Mordor dimly<br>showed. As they threaded their way among the hideous<br>bodies of the orcs each step became more difficult. Before<br>they even reached the archway they were brought to a stand.<br>To move an inch further was a pain and weariness to will<br>and limb.<br>Frodo had no strength for such a battle. He sank to the<br>ground. \u2018I can\u2019t go on, Sam,\u2019 he murmured. \u2018I\u2019m going to<br>faint. I don\u2019t know what\u2019s come over me.\u2019<br>\u2018I do, Mr. Frodo. Hold up now! It\u2019s the gate. There\u2019s some<br>devilry there. But I got through, and I\u2019m going to get out. It<br>can\u2019t be more dangerous than before. Now for it!\u2019<br>Sam drew out the elven-glass of Galadriel again. As if to<br>do honour to his hardihood, and to grace with splendour his<br>faithful brown hobbit-hand that had done such deeds, the<br>phial blazed forth suddenly, so that all the shadowy court was<br>lit with a dazzling radiance like lightning; but it remained<br>steady and did not pass.<br>\u2018Gilthoniel, A Elbereth!\u2019 Sam cried. For, why he did not<br>know, his thought sprang back suddenly to the Elves in the<br>Shire, and the song that drove away the Black Rider in<br>the trees.<br>\u2018Aiya elenion ancalima!\u2019 cried Frodo once again behind<br>him.<br>The will of the Watchers was broken with a suddenness<br>like the snapping of a cord, and Frodo and Sam stumbled<br>forward. Then they ran. Through the gate and past the great<br>seated figures with their glittering eyes. There was a crack.<br>The keystone of the arch crashed almost on their heels, and<br>the wall above crumbled, and fell in ruin. Only by a hair did<br>they escape. A bell clanged; and from the Watchers there<br>went up a high and dreadful wail. Far up above in the darkness it was answered. Out of the black sky there came dropping like a bolt a winged shape, rending the clouds with a<br>ghastly shriek.<br>Chapter 2<br>THE LAND OF SHADOW<br>Sam had just wits enough left to thrust the phial back into<br>his breast. \u2018Run, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 he cried. \u2018No, not that way!<br>There\u2019s a sheer drop over the wall. Follow me!\u2019<br>Down the road from the gate they fled. In fifty paces, with<br>a swift bend round a jutting bastion of the cliff, it took them<br>out of sight from the Tower. They had escaped for the<br>moment. Cowering back against the rock they drew breath,<br>and then they clutched at their hearts. Perching now on the<br>wall beside the ruined gate the Nazgu\u02c6l sent out its deadly<br>cries. All the cliffs echoed.<br>In terror they stumbled on. Soon the road bent sharply<br>eastward again and exposed them for a dreadful moment to<br>view from the Tower. As they flitted across they glanced back<br>and saw the great black shape upon the battlement; then they<br>plunged down between high rock-walls in a cutting that fell<br>steeply to join the Morgul-road. They came to the waymeeting. There was still no sign of orcs, nor of an answer to<br>the cry of the Nazgu\u02c6l; but they knew that the silence would<br>not last long. At any moment now the hunt would begin.<br>\u2018This won\u2019t do, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018If we were real orcs, we<br>ought to be dashing back to the Tower, not running away.<br>The first enemy we meet will know us. We must get off this<br>road somehow.\u2019<br>\u2018But we can\u2019t,\u2019 said Sam, \u2018not without wings.\u2019<br>The eastern faces of the Ephel Du\u00b4ath were sheer, falling<br>in cliff and precipice to the black trough that lay between<br>them and the inner ridge. A short way beyond the waymeeting, after another steep incline, a flying bridge of stone<br>leapt over the chasm and bore the road across into the<br>the land of shadow 1199<br>tumbled slopes and glens of the Morgai. With a desperate<br>spurt Frodo and Sam dashed along the bridge; but they had<br>hardly reached its further end when they heard the hue and<br>cry begin. Away behind them, now high above on the mountain-side, loomed the Tower of Cirith Ungol, its stones glowing dully. Suddenly its harsh bell clanged again, and then<br>broke into a shattering peal. Horns sounded. And now from<br>beyond the bridge-end came answering cries. Down in the<br>dark trough, cut off from the dying glare of Orodruin, Frodo<br>and Sam could not see ahead, but already they heard the<br>tramp of iron-shod feet, and upon the road there rang the<br>swift clatter of hoofs.<br>\u2018Quick, Sam! Over we go!\u2019 cried Frodo. They scrambled<br>on to the low parapet of the bridge. Fortunately there was no<br>longer any dreadful drop into the gulf, for the slopes of the<br>Morgai had already risen almost to the level of the road; but<br>it was too dark for them to guess the depth of the fall.<br>\u2018Well, here goes, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Good-bye!\u2019<br>He let go. Frodo followed. And even as they fell they heard<br>the rush of horsemen sweeping over the bridge and the rattle<br>of orc-feet running up behind. But Sam would have laughed,<br>if he had dared. Half fearing a breaking plunge down on to<br>unseen rocks the hobbits landed, in a drop of no more than<br>a dozen feet, with a thud and a crunch into the last thing that<br>they had expected: a tangle of thorny bushes. There Sam lay<br>still, softly sucking a scratched hand.<br>When the sound of hoof and foot had passed he ventured<br>a whisper. \u2018Bless me, Mr. Frodo, but I didn\u2019t know as anything grew in Mordor! But if I had a\u2019known, this is just what<br>I\u2019d have looked for. These thorns must be a foot long by the<br>feel of them; they\u2019ve stuck through everything I\u2019ve got on.<br>Wish I\u2019d a\u2019put that mailshirt on!\u2019<br>\u2018Orc-mail doesn\u2019t keep these thorns out,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Not<br>even a leather jerkin is any good.\u2019<br>They had a struggle to get out of the thicket. The thorns<br>and briars were as tough as wire and as clinging as claws.<br>1200 the return of the king<br>Their cloaks were rent and tattered before they broke free<br>at last.<br>\u2018Now down we go, Sam,\u2019 Frodo whispered. \u2018Down into<br>the valley quick, and then turn northward, as soon as ever<br>we can.\u2019<br>Day was coming again in the world outside, and far beyond<br>the glooms of Mordor the Sun was climbing over the eastern<br>rim of Middle-earth; but here all was still dark as night. The<br>Mountain smouldered and its fires went out. The glare faded<br>from the cliffs. The easterly wind that had been blowing ever<br>since they left Ithilien now seemed dead. Slowly and painfully<br>they clambered down, groping, stumbling, scrambling among<br>rock and briar and dead wood in the blind shadows, down<br>and down until they could go no further.<br>At length they stopped, and sat side by side, their backs<br>against a boulder. Both were sweating. \u2018If Shagrat himself was to offer me a glass of water, I\u2019d shake his hand,\u2019<br>said Sam.<br>\u2018Don\u2019t say such things!\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018It only makes it<br>worse.\u2019 Then he stretched himself out, dizzy and weary, and<br>he spoke no more for a while. At last with a struggle he got<br>up again. To his amazement he found that Sam was asleep.<br>\u2018Wake up, Sam!\u2019 he said. \u2018Come on! It\u2019s time we made<br>another effort.\u2019<br>Sam scrambled to his feet. \u2018Well I never!\u2019 he said. \u2018I<br>must have dropped off. It\u2019s a long time, Mr. Frodo, since<br>I had a proper sleep, and my eyes just closed down on<br>their own.\u2019<br>Frodo now led the way, northward as near as he could<br>guess, among the stones and boulders lying thick at the<br>bottom of the great ravine. But presently he stopped again.<br>\u2018It\u2019s no good, Sam,\u2019 he said. \u2018I can\u2019t manage it. This mailshirt, I mean. Not in my present state. Even my mithril-coat<br>seemed heavy when I was tired. This is far heavier. And<br>what\u2019s the use of it? We shan\u2019t win through by fighting.\u2019<br>\u2018But we may have some to do,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018And there\u2019s<br>the land of shadow 1201<br>knives and stray arrows. That Gollum isn\u2019t dead, for one<br>thing. I don\u2019t like to think of you with naught but a bit of<br>leather between you and a stab in the dark.\u2019<br>\u2018Look here, Sam dear lad,\u2019 said Frodo: \u2018I am tired, weary,<br>I haven\u2019t a hope left. But I have to go on trying to get to the<br>Mountain, as long as I can move. The Ring is enough. This<br>extra weight is killing me. It must go. But don\u2019t think I\u2019m<br>ungrateful. I hate to think of the foul work you must have<br>had among the bodies to find it for me.\u2019<br>\u2018Don\u2019t talk about it, Mr. Frodo. Bless you! I\u2019d carry you<br>on my back, if I could. Let it go then!\u2019<br>Frodo laid aside his cloak and took off the orc-mail and<br>flung it away. He shivered a little. \u2018What I really need is<br>something warm,\u2019 he said. \u2018It\u2019s gone cold, or else I\u2019ve caught<br>a chill.\u2019<br>\u2018You can have my cloak, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam. He unslung<br>his pack and took out the elven-cloak. \u2018How\u2019s this, Mr.<br>Frodo?\u2019 he said. \u2018You wrap that orc-rag close round you, and<br>put the belt outside it. Then this can go over all. It don\u2019t look<br>quite orc-fashion, but it\u2019ll keep you warmer; and I daresay<br>it\u2019ll keep you from harm better than any other gear. It was<br>made by the Lady.\u2019<br>Frodo took the cloak and fastened the brooch. \u2018That\u2019s<br>better!\u2019 he said. \u2018I feel much lighter. I can go on now. But<br>this blind dark seems to be getting into my heart. As I lay<br>in prison, Sam, I tried to remember the Brandywine, and<br>Woody End, and The Water running through the mill at<br>Hobbiton. But I can\u2019t see them now.\u2019<br>\u2018There now, Mr. Frodo, it\u2019s you that\u2019s talking of water this<br>time!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018If only the Lady could see us or hear us, I\u2019d<br>say to her: \u2018\u2018Your Ladyship, all we want is light and water:<br>just clean water and plain daylight, better than any jewels,<br>begging your pardon.\u2019\u2019 But it\u2019s a long way to Lo\u00b4rien.\u2019 Sam<br>sighed and waved his hand towards the heights of the Ephel<br>Du\u00b4ath, now only to be guessed as a deeper blackness against<br>the black sky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1202 the return of the king<br>They started off again. They had not gone far when Frodo<br>paused. \u2018There\u2019s a Black Rider over us,\u2019 he said. \u2018I can feel<br>it. We had better keep still for a while.\u2019<br>Crouched under a great boulder they sat facing back westward and did not speak for some time. Then Frodo breathed<br>a sigh of relief. \u2018It\u2019s passed,\u2019 he said. They stood up, and then<br>they both stared in wonder. Away to their left, southward,<br>against a sky that was turning grey, the peaks and high ridges<br>of the great range began to appear dark and black, visible<br>shapes. Light was growing behind them. Slowly it crept<br>towards the North. There was battle far above in the high<br>spaces of the air. The billowing clouds of Mordor were being<br>driven back, their edges tattering as a wind out of the living<br>world came up and swept the fumes and smokes towards the<br>dark land of their home. Under the lifting skirts of the dreary<br>canopy dim light leaked into Mordor like pale morning<br>through the grimed window of a prison.<br>\u2018Look at it, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Look at it! The wind\u2019s<br>changed. Something\u2019s happening. He\u2019s not having it all his<br>own way. His darkness is breaking up out in the world there.<br>I wish I could see what is going on!\u2019<br>It was the morning of the fifteenth of March, and over the<br>Vale of Anduin the Sun was rising above the eastern shadow,<br>and the south-west wind was blowing. The\u00b4oden lay dying on<br>the Pelennor Fields.<br>As Frodo and Sam stood and gazed, the rim of light spread<br>all along the line of the Ephel Du\u00b4ath, and then they saw a<br>shape, moving at a great speed out of the West, at first only<br>a black speck against the glimmering strip above the mountain-tops, but growing, until it plunged like a bolt into the<br>dark canopy and passed high above them. As it went it sent<br>out a long shrill cry, the voice of a Nazgu\u02c6l; but this cry no<br>longer held any terror for them: it was a cry of woe and<br>dismay, ill tidings for the Dark Tower. The Lord of the<br>Ringwraiths had met his doom.<br>\u2018What did I tell you? Something\u2019s happening!\u2019 cried Sam.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018The war\u2019s going well,\u2019\u2019 said Shagrat; but Gorbag he wasn\u2019t<br>the land of shadow 1203<br>so sure. And he was right there too. Things are looking up,<br>Mr. Frodo. Haven\u2019t you got some hope now?\u2019<br>\u2018Well no, not much, Sam,\u2019 Frodo sighed. \u2018That\u2019s away<br>beyond the mountains. We\u2019re going east not west. And I\u2019m<br>so tired. And the Ring is so heavy, Sam. And I begin to see<br>it in my mind all the time, like a great wheel of fire.\u2019<br>Sam\u2019s quick spirits sank again at once. He looked at his<br>master anxiously, and he took his hand. \u2018Come, Mr. Frodo!\u2019<br>he said. \u2018I\u2019ve got one thing I wanted: a bit of light. Enough<br>to help us, and yet I guess it\u2019s dangerous too. Try a bit<br>further, and then we\u2019ll lie close and have a rest. But take a<br>morsel to eat now, a bit of the Elves\u2019 food; it may hearten<br>you.\u2019<br>Sharing a wafer of lembas, and munching it as best they<br>could with their parched mouths, Frodo and Sam plodded<br>on. The light, though no more than a grey dusk, was now<br>enough for them to see that they were deep in the valley<br>between the mountains. It sloped up gently northward, and<br>at its bottom went the bed of a now dry and withered stream.<br>Beyond its stony course they saw a beaten path that wound<br>its way under the feet of the westward cliffs. Had they known,<br>they could have reached it quicker, for it was a track that left<br>the main Morgul-road at the western bridge-end and went<br>down by a long stair cut in the rock to the valley\u2019s bottom. It<br>was used by patrols or by messengers going swiftly to lesser<br>posts and strongholds north-away, between Cirith Ungol and<br>the narrows of Isenmouthe, the iron jaws of Carach Angren.<br>It was perilous for the hobbits to use such a path, but they<br>needed speed, and Frodo felt that he could not face the toil<br>of scrambling among the boulders or in the trackless glens of<br>the Morgai. And he judged that northward was, maybe, the<br>way that their hunters would least expect them to take. The<br>road east to the plain, or the pass back westward, those they<br>would first search most thoroughly. Only when he was well<br>north of the Tower did he mean to turn and seek for some<br>way to take him east, east on the last desperate stage of his<br>1204 the return of the king<br>journey. So now they crossed the stony bed and took to the<br>orc-path, and for some time they marched along it. The cliffs<br>at their left were overhung, and they could not be seen from<br>above; but the path made many bends, and at each bend they<br>gripped their sword-hilts and went forward cautiously.<br>The light grew no stronger, for Orodruin was still belching<br>forth a great fume that, beaten upwards by the opposing airs,<br>mounted higher and higher, until it reached a region above<br>the wind and spread in an immeasurable roof, whose central<br>pillar rose out of the shadows beyond their view. They had<br>trudged for more than an hour when they heard a sound<br>that brought them to a halt. Unbelievable, but unmistakable.<br>Water trickling. Out of a gully on the left, so sharp and narrow<br>that it looked as if the black cliff had been cloven by some<br>huge axe, water came dripping down: the last remains, maybe, of some sweet rain gathered from sunlit seas, but ill-fated<br>to fall at last upon the walls of the Black Land and wander fruitless down into the dust. Here it came out of the rock in a<br>little falling streamlet, and flowed across the path, and turning<br>south ran away swiftly to be lost among the dead stones.<br>Sam sprang towards it. \u2018If ever I see the Lady again, I will<br>tell her!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Light and now water!\u2019 Then he stopped.<br>\u2018Let me drink first, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018All right, but there\u2019s room enough for two.\u2019<br>\u2018I didn\u2019t mean that,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018I mean: if it\u2019s poisonous,<br>or something that will show its badness quick, well, better me<br>than you, master, if you understand me.\u2019<br>\u2018I do. But I think we\u2019ll trust our luck together, Sam; or our<br>blessing. Still, be careful now, if it\u2019s very cold!\u2019<br>The water was cool but not icy, and it had an unpleasant<br>taste, at once bitter and oily, or so they would have said at<br>home. Here it seemed beyond all praise, and beyond fear or<br>prudence. They drank their fill, and Sam replenished his<br>water-bottle. After that Frodo felt easier, and they went on<br>for several miles, until the broadening of the road and the<br>beginnings of a rough wall along its edge warned them that<br>they were drawing near to another orc-hold.<br>the land of shadow 1205<br>\u2018This is where we turn aside, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018And we<br>must turn east.\u2019 He sighed as he looked at the gloomy ridges<br>across the valley. \u2018I have just about enough strength left to<br>find some hole away up there. And then I must rest a little.\u2019<br>The river-bed was now some way below the path. They<br>scrambled down to it, and began to cross it. To their surprise<br>they came upon dark pools fed by threads of water trickling<br>down from some source higher up the valley. Upon its outer<br>marges under the westward mountains Mordor was a dying<br>land, but it was not yet dead. And here things still grew,<br>harsh, twisted, bitter, struggling for life. In the glens of the<br>Morgai on the other side of the valley low scrubby trees<br>lurked and clung, coarse grey grass-tussocks fought with the<br>stones, and withered mosses crawled on them; and everywhere great writhing, tangled brambles sprawled. Some had<br>long stabbing thorns, some hooked barbs that rent like knives.<br>The sullen shrivelled leaves of a past year hung on them,<br>grating and rattling in the sad airs, but their maggot-ridden<br>buds were only just opening. Flies, dun or grey, or black,<br>marked like orcs with a red eye-shaped blotch, buzzed and<br>stung; and above the briar-thickets clouds of hungry midges<br>danced and reeled.<br>\u2018Orc-gear\u2019s no good,\u2019 said Sam waving his arms. \u2018I wish<br>I\u2019d got an orc\u2019s hide!\u2019<br>At last Frodo could go no further. They had climbed up a<br>narrow shelving ravine, but they still had a long way to go<br>before they could even come in sight of the last craggy ridge.<br>\u2018I must rest now, Sam, and sleep if I can,\u2019 said Frodo. He<br>looked about, but there seemed nowhere even for an animal<br>to crawl into in this dismal country. At length, tired out, they<br>slunk under a curtain of brambles that hung down like a mat<br>over a low rock-face.<br>There they sat and made such a meal as they could. Keeping back the precious lembas for the evil days ahead, they ate<br>the half of what remained in Sam\u2019s bag of Faramir\u2019s provision: some dried fruit, and a small slip of cured meat; and<br>1206 the return of the king<br>they sipped some water. They had drunk again from the<br>pools in the valley, but they were very thirsty again. There<br>was a bitter tang in the air of Mordor that dried the mouth.<br>When Sam thought of water even his hopeful spirit quailed.<br>Beyond the Morgai there was the dreadful plain of Gorgoroth<br>to cross.<br>\u2018Now you go to sleep first, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 he said. \u2018It\u2019s getting<br>dark again. I reckon this day is nearly over.\u2019<br>Frodo sighed and was asleep almost before the words were<br>spoken. Sam struggled with his own weariness, and he took<br>Frodo\u2019s hand; and there he sat silent till deep night fell. Then<br>at last, to keep himself awake, he crawled from the hidingplace and looked out. The land seemed full of creaking and<br>cracking and sly noises, but there was no sound of voice or<br>of foot. Far above the Ephel Du\u00b4ath in the West the night-sky<br>was still dim and pale. There, peeping among the cloudwrack above a dark tor high up in the mountains, Sam saw a<br>white star twinkle for a while. The beauty of it smote his<br>heart, as he looked up out of the forsaken land, and hope<br>returned to him. For like a shaft, clear and cold, the thought<br>pierced him that in the end the Shadow was only a small and<br>passing thing: there was light and high beauty for ever beyond<br>its reach. His song in the Tower had been defiance rather<br>than hope; for then he was thinking of himself. Now, for a<br>moment, his own fate, and even his master\u2019s, ceased to<br>trouble him. He crawled back into the brambles and laid<br>himself by Frodo\u2019s side, and putting away all fear he cast<br>himself into a deep untroubled sleep.<br>They woke together, hand in hand. Sam was almost fresh,<br>ready for another day; but Frodo sighed. His sleep had been<br>uneasy, full of dreams of fire, and waking brought him no<br>comfort. Still his sleep had not been without all healing virtue:<br>he was stronger, more able to bear his burden one stage<br>further. They did not know the time, nor how long they had<br>slept; but after a morsel of food and a sip of water they went<br>on up the ravine, until it ended in a sharp slope of screes<br>the land of shadow 1207<br>and sliding stones. There the last living things gave up their<br>struggle; the tops of the Morgai were grassless, bare, jagged,<br>barren as a slate.<br>After much wandering and search they found a way that<br>they could climb, and with a last hundred feet of clawing<br>scramble they were up. They came to a cleft between two<br>dark crags, and passing through found themselves on the<br>very edge of the last fence of Mordor. Below them, at the<br>bottom of a fall of some fifteen hundred feet, lay the inner<br>plain stretching away into a formless gloom beyond their<br>sight. The wind of the world blew now from the West, and<br>the great clouds were lifted high, floating away eastward; but<br>still only a grey light came to the dreary fields of Gorgoroth.<br>There smokes trailed on the ground and lurked in hollows,<br>and fumes leaked from fissures in the earth.<br>Still far away, forty miles at least, they saw Mount Doom,<br>its feet founded in ashen ruin, its huge cone rising to a great<br>height, where its reeking head was swathed in cloud. Its fires<br>were now dimmed, and it stood in smouldering slumber, as<br>threatening and dangerous as a sleeping beast. Behind it there<br>hung a vast shadow, ominous as a thunder-cloud, the veils<br>of Barad-du\u02c6r that was reared far away upon a long spur<br>of the Ashen Mountains thrust down from the North. The<br>Dark Power was deep in thought, and the Eye turned inward,<br>pondering tidings of doubt and danger: a bright sword, and<br>a stern and kingly face it saw, and for a while it gave little<br>thought to other things; and all its great stronghold, gate<br>on gate, and tower on tower, was wrapped in a brooding<br>gloom.<br>Frodo and Sam gazed out in mingled loathing and wonder<br>on this hateful land. Between them and the smoking mountain, and about it north and south, all seemed ruinous and<br>dead, a desert burned and choked. They wondered how the<br>Lord of this realm maintained and fed his slaves and his<br>armies. Yet armies he had. As far as their eyes could reach,<br>along the skirts of the Morgai and away southward, there<br>were camps, some of tents, some ordered like small towns.<br>1208 the return of the king<br>One of the largest of these was right below them. Barely a<br>mile out into the plain it clustered like some huge nest of<br>insects, with straight dreary streets of huts and long low drab<br>buildings. About it the ground was busy with folk going<br>to and fro; a wide road ran from it south-east to join the<br>Morgul-way, and along it many lines of small black shapes<br>were hurrying.<br>\u2018I don\u2019t like the look of things at all,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Pretty<br>hopeless, I call it \u2013 saving that where there\u2019s such a lot of folk<br>there must be wells or water, not to mention food. And these<br>are Men not Orcs, or my eyes are all wrong.\u2019<br>Neither he nor Frodo knew anything of the great slaveworked fields away south in this wide realm, beyond the<br>fumes of the Mountain by the dark sad waters of Lake<br>Nu\u00b4rnen; nor of the great roads that ran away east and south<br>to tributary lands, from which the soldiers of the Tower<br>brought long waggon-trains of goods and booty and fresh<br>slaves. Here in the northward regions were the mines and<br>forges, and the musterings of long-planned war; and here the<br>Dark Power, moving its armies like pieces on the board, was<br>gathering them together. Its first moves, the first feelers of its<br>strength, had been checked upon its western line, southward<br>and northward. For the moment it withdrew them, and<br>brought up new forces, massing them about Cirith Gorgor<br>for an avenging stroke. And if it had also been its purpose to<br>defend the Mountain against all approach, it could scarcely<br>have done more.<br>\u2018Well!\u2019 Sam went on. \u2018Whatever they have to eat and drink,<br>we can\u2019t get it. There\u2019s no way down that I can see. And we<br>couldn\u2019t cross all that open country crawling with enemies,<br>even if we did get down.\u2019<br>\u2018Still we shall have to try,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018It\u2019s no worse than<br>I expected. I never hoped to get across. I can\u2019t see any hope<br>of it now. But I\u2019ve still got to do the best I can. At present<br>that is to avoid being captured as long as possible. So we<br>must still go northwards, I think, and see what it is like where<br>the open plain is narrower.\u2019<br>the land of shadow 1209<br>\u2018I guess what it\u2019ll be like,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Where it\u2019s narrower<br>the Orcs and Men will just be packed closer. You\u2019ll see,<br>Mr. Frodo.\u2019<br>\u2018I dare say I shall, if we ever get so far,\u2019 said Frodo and<br>turned away.<br>They soon found that it was impossible to make their way<br>along the crest of the Morgai, or anywhere along its higher<br>levels, pathless as they were and scored with deep ghylls. In<br>the end they were forced to go back down the ravine that<br>they had climbed and seek for a way along the valley. It was<br>rough going, for they dared not cross over to the path on the<br>westward side. After a mile or more they saw, huddled in a<br>hollow at the cliff\u2019s foot, the orc-hold that they had guessed<br>was near at hand: a wall and a cluster of stone huts set about<br>the dark mouth of a cave. There was no movement to be<br>seen, but the hobbits crept by cautiously, keeping as much<br>as they could to the thorn-brakes that grew thickly at this<br>point along both sides of the old water-course.<br>They went two or three miles further, and the orc-hold<br>was hidden from sight behind them; but they had hardly<br>begun to breathe more freely again when harsh and loud they<br>heard orc-voices. Quickly they slunk out of sight behind a<br>brown and stunted bush. The voices drew nearer. Presently<br>two orcs came into view. One was clad in ragged brown and<br>was armed with a bow of horn; it was of a small breed,<br>black-skinned, with wide and snuffling nostrils: evidently a<br>tracker of some kind. The other was a big fighting-orc, like<br>those of Shagrat\u2019s company, bearing the token of the Eye.<br>He also had a bow at his back and carried a short broadheaded spear. As usual they were quarrelling, and being of<br>different breeds they used the Common Speech after their<br>fashion.<br>Hardly twenty paces from where the hobbits lurked the<br>small orc stopped. \u2018Nar!\u2019 it snarled. \u2018I\u2019m going home.\u2019 It<br>pointed across the valley to the orc-hold. \u2018No good wearing<br>my nose out on stones any more. There\u2019s not a trace left, I<br>1210 the return of the king<br>say. I\u2019ve lost the scent through giving way to you. It went up<br>into the hills, not along the valley, I tell you.\u2019<br>\u2018Not much use are you, you little snufflers?\u2019 said the big<br>orc. \u2018I reckon eyes are better than your snotty noses.\u2019<br>\u2018Then what have you seen with them?\u2019 snarled the other.<br>\u2018Garn! You don\u2019t even know what you\u2019re looking for.\u2019<br>\u2018Whose blame\u2019s that?\u2019 said the soldier. \u2018Not mine. That<br>comes from Higher Up. First they say it\u2019s a great Elf in bright<br>armour, then it\u2019s a sort of small dwarf-man, then it must be<br>a pack of rebel Uruk-hai; or maybe it\u2019s all the lot together.\u2019<br>\u2018Ar!\u2019 said the tracker. \u2018They\u2019ve lost their heads, that\u2019s what<br>it is. And some of the bosses are going to lose their skins too,<br>I guess, if what I hear is true: Tower raided and all, and<br>hundreds of your lads done in, and prisoner got away. If<br>that\u2019s the way you fighters go on, small wonder there\u2019s bad<br>news from the battles.\u2019<br>\u2018Who says there\u2019s bad news?\u2019 shouted the soldier.<br>\u2018Ar! Who says there isn\u2019t?\u2019<br>\u2018That\u2019s cursed rebel-talk, and I\u2019ll stick you, if you don\u2019t<br>shut it down, see?\u2019<br>\u2018All right, all right!\u2019 said the tracker. \u2018I\u2019ll say no more and<br>go on thinking. But what\u2019s the black sneak got to do with it<br>all? That gobbler with the flapping hands?\u2019<br>\u2018I don\u2019t know. Nothing, maybe. But he\u2019s up to no good,<br>nosing around, I\u2019ll wager. Curse him! No sooner had he<br>slipped us and run off than word came he\u2019s wanted alive,<br>wanted quick.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, I hope they get him and put him through it,\u2019 growled<br>the tracker. \u2018He messed up the scent back there, pinching<br>that cast-off mail-shirt that he found, and paddling all round<br>the place before I could get there.\u2019<br>\u2018It saved his life anyhow,\u2019 said the soldier. \u2018Why, before I<br>knew he was wanted I shot him, as neat as neat, at fifty paces<br>right in the back; but he ran on.\u2019<br>\u2018Garn! You missed him,\u2019 said the tracker. \u2018First you shoot<br>wild, then you run too slow, and then you send for the poor<br>trackers. I\u2019ve had enough of you.\u2019 He loped off.<br>the land of shadow 1211<br>\u2018You come back,\u2019 shouted the soldier, \u2018or I\u2019ll report you!\u2019<br>\u2018Who to? Not to your precious Shagrat. He won\u2019t be<br>captain any more.\u2019<br>\u2018I\u2019ll give your name and number to the Nazgu\u02c6l,\u2019 said the<br>soldier lowering his voice to a hiss. \u2018One of them\u2019s in charge<br>at the Tower now.\u2019<br>The other halted, and his voice was full of fear and rage.<br>\u2018You cursed peaching sneakthief!\u2019 he yelled. \u2018You can\u2019t do<br>your job, and you can\u2019t even stick by your own folk. Go to<br>your filthy Shriekers, and may they freeze the flesh off you!<br>If the enemy doesn\u2019t get them first. They\u2019ve done in Number<br>One, I\u2019ve heard, and I hope it\u2019s true!\u2019<br>The big orc, spear in hand, leapt after him. But the tracker,<br>springing behind a stone, put an arrow in his eye as he ran<br>up, and he fell with a crash. The other ran off across the<br>valley and disappeared.<br>For a while the hobbits sat in silence. At length Sam stirred.<br>\u2018Well, I call that neat as neat,\u2019 he said. \u2018If this nice friendliness<br>would spread about in Mordor, half our trouble would be<br>over.\u2019<br>\u2018Quietly, Sam,\u2019 Frodo whispered. \u2018There may be others<br>about. We have evidently had a very narrow escape, and the<br>hunt was hotter on our tracks than we guessed. But that is<br>the spirit of Mordor, Sam; and it has spread to every corner<br>of it. Orcs have always behaved like that, or so all tales say,<br>when they are on their own. But you can\u2019t get much hope<br>out of it. They hate us far more, altogether and all the time.<br>If those two had seen us, they would have dropped all their<br>quarrel until we were dead.\u2019<br>There was another long silence. Sam broke it again, but<br>with a whisper this time. \u2018Did you hear what they said about<br>that gobbler, Mr. Frodo? I told you Gollum wasn\u2019t dead yet,<br>didn\u2019t I?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I remember. And I wondered how you knew,\u2019 said<br>Frodo. \u2018Well, come now! I think we had better not move out<br>from here again, until it has gone quite dark. So you shall tell<br>1212 the return of the king<br>me how you know, and all about what happened. If you can<br>do it quietly.\u2019<br>\u2018I\u2019ll try,\u2019 said Sam, \u2018but when I think of that Stinker I get<br>so hot I could shout.\u2019<br>There the hobbits sat under the cover of the thorny bush,<br>while the drear light of Mordor faded slowly into a deep and<br>starless night; and Sam spoke into Frodo\u2019s ear all that he<br>could find words for of Gollum\u2019s treacherous attack, the<br>horror of Shelob, and his own adventures with the orcs.<br>When he had finished, Frodo said nothing but took Sam\u2019s<br>hand and pressed it. At length he stirred.<br>\u2018Well, I suppose we must be going on again,\u2019 he said. \u2018I<br>wonder how long it will be before we really are caught and<br>all the toiling and the slinking will be over, and in vain.\u2019 He<br>stood up. \u2018It\u2019s dark, and we cannot use the Lady\u2019s glass. Keep<br>it safe for me, Sam. I have nowhere to keep it now, except in<br>my hand, and I shall need both hands in the blind night. But<br>Sting I give to you. I have got an orc-blade, but I do not think<br>it will be my part to strike any blow again.\u2019<br>It was difficult and dangerous moving in the night in the<br>pathless land; but slowly and with much stumbling the two<br>hobbits toiled on hour by hour northward along the eastern<br>edge of the stony valley. When a grey light crept back over<br>the western heights, long after day had opened in the lands<br>beyond, they went into hiding again and slept a little, turn by<br>turn. In his times of waking Sam was busy with thoughts of<br>food. At last when Frodo roused himself and spoke of eating<br>and making ready for yet another effort, he asked the question<br>that was troubling him most.<br>\u2018Begging your pardon, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 he said, \u2018but have you<br>any notion how far there is still to go?\u2019<br>\u2018No, not any clear notion, Sam,\u2019 Frodo answered. \u2018In<br>Rivendell before I set out I was shown a map of Mordor that<br>was made before the Enemy came back here; but I only<br>remember it vaguely. I remember clearest that there was a<br>place in the north where the western range and the northern<br>the land of shadow 1213<br>range send out spurs that nearly meet. That must be twenty<br>leagues at least from the bridge back by the Tower. It might<br>be a good point at which to cross. But of course, if we get<br>there, we shall be further than we were from the Mountain,<br>sixty miles from it, I should think. I guess that we have gone<br>about twelve leagues north from the bridge now. Even if all<br>goes well, I could hardly reach the Mountain in a week. I am<br>afraid, Sam, that the burden will get very heavy, and I shall<br>go still slower as we get nearer.\u2019<br>Sam sighed. \u2018That\u2019s just as I feared,\u2019 he said. \u2018Well, to say<br>nothing of water, we\u2019ve got to eat less, Mr. Frodo, or else<br>move a bit quicker, at any rate while we\u2019re still in this valley.<br>One more bite and all the food\u2019s ended, save the Elves\u2019<br>waybread.\u2019<br>\u2018I\u2019ll try and be a bit quicker, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo, drawing a<br>deep breath. \u2018Come on then! Let\u2019s start another march!\u2019<br>It was not yet quite dark again. They plodded along, on<br>into the night. The hours passed in a weary stumbling trudge<br>with a few brief halts. At the first hint of grey light under the<br>skirts of the canopy of shadow they hid themselves again in<br>a dark hollow under an overhanging stone.<br>Slowly the light grew, until it was clearer than it yet had<br>been. A strong wind from the West was now driving the<br>fumes of Mordor from the upper airs. Before long the hobbits<br>could make out the shape of the land for some miles about<br>them. The trough between the mountains and the Morgai<br>had steadily dwindled as it climbed upwards, and the inner<br>ridge was now no more than a shelf in the steep faces of the<br>Ephel Du\u00b4ath; but to the east it fell as sheerly as ever down<br>into Gorgoroth. Ahead the water-course came to an end in<br>broken steps of rock; for out from the main range there<br>sprang a high barren spur, thrusting eastward like a wall.<br>To meet it there stretched out from the grey and misty<br>northern range of Ered Lithui a long jutting arm; and between the ends there was a narrow gap: Carach Angren, the<br>Isenmouthe, beyond which lay the deep dale of Udu\u02c6n. In<br>1214 the return of the king<br>that dale behind the Morannon were the tunnels and deep<br>armouries that the servants of Mordor had made for the<br>defence of the Black Gate of their land; and there now their<br>Lord was gathering in haste great forces to meet the onslaught<br>of the Captains of the West. Upon the out-thrust spurs forts<br>and towers were built, and watch-fires burned; and all across<br>the gap an earth-wall had been raised, and a deep trench<br>delved that could be crossed only by a single bridge.<br>A few miles north, high up in the angle where the western<br>spur branched away from the main range, stood the old castle<br>of Durthang, now one of the many orc-holds that clustered<br>about the dale of Udu\u02c6n. A road, already visible in the growing<br>light, came winding down from it, until only a mile or two<br>from where the hobbits lay it turned east and ran along a<br>shelf cut in the side of the spur, and so went down into the<br>plain, and on to the Isenmouthe.<br>To the hobbits as they looked out it seemed that all their<br>journey north had been useless. The plain to their right was<br>dim and smoky, and they could see there neither camps nor<br>troops moving; but all that region was under the vigilance of<br>the forts of Carach Angren.<br>\u2018We have come to a dead end, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018If we go<br>on, we shall only come up to that orc-tower, but the only<br>road to take is that road that comes down from it \u2013 unless<br>we go back. We can\u2019t climb up westward, or climb down<br>eastward.\u2019<br>\u2018Then we must take the road, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018We<br>must take it and chance our luck, if there is any luck in<br>Mordor. We might as well give ourselves up as wander about<br>any more, or try to go back. Our food won\u2019t last. We\u2019ve got<br>to make a dash for it!\u2019<br>\u2018All right, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Lead me! As long as you\u2019ve<br>got any hope left. Mine is gone. But I can\u2019t dash, Sam. I\u2019ll<br>just plod along after you.\u2019<br>\u2018Before you start any more plodding, you need sleep and<br>food, Mr. Frodo. Come and take what you can get of them!\u2019<br>He gave Frodo water and an additional wafer of the way-<br>the land of shadow 1215<br>bread, and he made a pillow of his cloak for his master\u2019s<br>head. Frodo was too weary to debate the matter, and Sam<br>did not tell him that he had drunk the last drop of their water,<br>and eaten Sam\u2019s share of the food as well as his own. When<br>Frodo was asleep Sam bent over him and listened to his<br>breathing and scanned his face. It was lined and thin, and yet<br>in sleep it looked content and unafraid. \u2018Well, here goes,<br>Master!\u2019 Sam muttered to himself. \u2018I\u2019ll have to leave you for<br>a bit and trust to luck. Water we must have, or we\u2019ll get no<br>further.\u2019<br>Sam crept out, and flitting from stone to stone with more<br>than hobbit-care, he went down to the water-course, and<br>then followed it for some way as it climbed north, until he<br>came to the rock-steps where long ago, no doubt, its spring<br>had come gushing down in a little waterfall. All now seemed<br>dry and silent; but refusing to despair Sam stooped and<br>listened, and to his delight he caught the sound of trickling.<br>Clambering a few steps up he found a tiny stream of dark<br>water that came out from the hill-side and filled a little bare<br>pool, from which again it spilled, and vanished then under<br>the barren stones.<br>Sam tasted the water, and it seemed good enough. Then<br>he drank deeply, refilled the bottle, and turned to go back.<br>At that moment he caught a glimpse of a black form or<br>shadow flitting among the rocks away near Frodo\u2019s hidingplace. Biting back a cry, he leapt down from the spring and<br>ran, jumping from stone to stone. It was a wary creature,<br>difficult to see, but Sam had little doubt about it: he longed<br>to get his hands on its neck. But it heard him coming and<br>slipped quickly away. Sam thought he saw a last fleeting<br>glimpse of it, peering back over the edge of the eastward<br>precipice, before it ducked and disappeared.<br>\u2018Well, luck did not let me down,\u2019 muttered Sam, \u2018but that<br>was a near thing! Isn\u2019t it enough to have orcs by the thousand<br>without that stinking villain coming nosing round? I wish he<br>had been shot!\u2019 He sat down by Frodo and did not rouse<br>him; but he did not dare to go to sleep himself. At last when<br>1216 the return of the king<br>he felt his eyes closing and knew that his struggle to keep<br>awake could not go on much longer, he wakened Frodo<br>gently.<br>\u2018That Gollum\u2019s about again, I\u2019m afraid, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 he<br>said. \u2018Leastways, if it wasn\u2019t him, then there\u2019s two of him. I<br>went away to find some water and spied him nosing round<br>just as I turned back. I reckon it isn\u2019t safe for us both to sleep<br>together, and begging your pardon, but I can\u2019t hold up my<br>lids much longer.\u2019<br>\u2018Bless you, Sam!\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Lie down and take your<br>proper turn! But I\u2019d rather have Gollum than orcs. At any<br>rate he won\u2019t give us away to them \u2013 not unless he\u2019s caught<br>himself.\u2019<br>\u2018But he might do a bit of robbery and murder on his own,\u2019<br>growled Sam. \u2018Keep your eyes open, Mr. Frodo! There\u2019s a<br>bottle full of water. Drink up. We can fill it again when we<br>go on.\u2019 With that Sam plunged into sleep.<br>Light was fading again when he woke. Frodo sat propped<br>against the rock behind, but he had fallen asleep. The waterbottle was empty. There was no sign of Gollum.<br>Mordor-dark had returned, and the watch-fires on the<br>heights burned fierce and red, when the hobbits set out again<br>on the most dangerous stage of all their journey. They went<br>first to the little spring, and then climbing warily up they<br>came to the road at the point where it swung east towards<br>the Isenmouthe twenty miles away. It was not a broad road,<br>and it had no wall or parapet along the edge, and as it ran on<br>the sheer drop from its brink became deeper and deeper. The<br>hobbits could hear no movements, and after listening for a<br>while they set off eastward at a steady pace.<br>After doing some twelve miles, they halted. A short way<br>back the road had bent a little northward and the stretch that<br>they had passed over was now screened from sight. This<br>proved disastrous. They rested for some minutes and then<br>went on; but they had not taken many steps when suddenly<br>in the stillness of the night they heard the sound that all along<br>the land of shadow 1217<br>they had secretly dreaded: the noise of marching feet. It was<br>still some way behind them, but looking back they could see<br>the twinkle of torches coming round the bend less than a mile<br>away, and they were moving fast: too fast for Frodo to escape<br>by flight along the road ahead.<br>\u2018I feared it, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018We\u2019ve trusted to luck, and<br>it has failed us. We\u2019re trapped.\u2019 He looked wildly up at the<br>frowning wall, where the road-builders of old had cut the<br>rock sheer for many fathoms above their heads. He ran to<br>the other side and looked over the brink into a dark pit of<br>gloom. \u2018We\u2019re trapped at last!\u2019 he said. He sank to the ground<br>beneath the wall of rock and bowed his head.<br>\u2018Seems so,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Well, we can but wait and see.\u2019 And<br>with that he sat down beside Frodo under the shadow of the<br>cliff.<br>They did not have to wait long. The orcs were going at a<br>great pace. Those in the foremost files bore torches. On they<br>came, red flames in the dark, swiftly growing. Now Sam too<br>bowed his head, hoping that it would hide his face when the<br>torches reached them; and he set their shields before their<br>knees to hide their feet.<br>\u2018If only they are in a hurry and will let a couple of tired<br>soldiers alone and pass on!\u2019 he thought.<br>And so it seemed that they would. The leading orcs came<br>loping along, panting, holding their heads down. They were<br>a gang of the smaller breeds being driven unwilling to their<br>Dark Lord\u2019s wars; all they cared for was to get the march<br>over and escape the whip. Beside them, running up and down<br>the line, went two of the large fierce uruks, cracking lashes<br>and shouting. File after file passed, and the tell-tale torchlight<br>was already some way ahead. Sam held his breath. Now more<br>than half the line had gone by. Then suddenly one of the<br>slave-drivers spied the two figures by the road-side. He<br>flicked a whip at them and yelled: \u2018Hi, you! Get up!\u2019 They did<br>not answer, and with a shout he halted the whole company.<br>\u2018Come on, you slugs!\u2019 he cried. \u2018This is no time for slouching.\u2019 He took a step towards them, and even in the gloom he<br>1218 the return of the king<br>recognized the devices on their shields. \u2018Deserting, eh?\u2019 he<br>snarled. \u2018Or thinking of it? All your folk should have been<br>inside Udu\u02c6n before yesterday evening. You know that. Up<br>you get and fall in, or I\u2019ll have your numbers and report you.\u2019<br>They struggled to their feet, and keeping bent, limping like<br>footsore soldiers, they shuffled back towards the rear of the<br>line. \u2018No, not at the rear!\u2019 the slave-driver shouted. \u2018Three<br>files up. And stay there, or you\u2019ll know it, when I come down<br>the line!\u2019 He sent his long whip-lash cracking over their heads;<br>then with another crack and a yell he started the company<br>off again at a brisk trot.<br>It was hard enough for poor Sam, tired as he was; but for<br>Frodo it was a torment, and soon a nightmare. He set his teeth<br>and tried to stop his mind from thinking, and he struggled on.<br>The stench of the sweating orcs about him was stifling, and<br>he began to gasp with thirst. On, on they went, and he bent<br>all his will to draw his breath and to make his legs keep going;<br>and yet to what evil end he toiled and endured he did not<br>dare to think. There was no hope of falling out unseen. Now<br>and again the orc-driver fell back and jeered at them.<br>\u2018There now!\u2019 he laughed, flicking at their legs. \u2018Where<br>there\u2019s a whip there\u2019s a will, my slugs. Hold up! I\u2019d give you<br>a nice freshener now, only you\u2019ll get as much lash as your<br>skins will carry when you come in late to your camp. Do you<br>good. Don\u2019t you know we\u2019re at war?\u2019<br>They had gone some miles, and the road was at last running down a long slope into the plain, when Frodo\u2019s strength<br>began to give out and his will wavered. He lurched and<br>stumbled. Desperately Sam tried to help him and hold him<br>up, though he felt that he could himself hardly stay the pace<br>much longer. At any moment now he knew that the end<br>would come: his master would faint or fall, and all would be<br>discovered, and their bitter efforts be in vain. \u2018I\u2019ll have that<br>big slave-driving devil anyway,\u2019 he thought.<br>Then just as he was putting his hand to the hilt of his<br>sword, there came an unexpected relief. They were out on<br>the land of shadow 1219<br>the plain now and drawing near the entrance to Udu\u02c6n. Some<br>way in front of it, before the gate at the bridge-end, the road<br>from the west converged with others coming from the south,<br>and from Barad-du\u02c6r. Along all the roads troops were moving;<br>for the Captains of the West were advancing and the Dark<br>Lord was speeding his forces north. So it chanced that several<br>companies came together at the road-meeting, in the dark<br>beyond the light of the watch-fires on the wall. At once there<br>was great jostling and cursing as each troop tried to get first<br>to the gate and the ending of their march. Though the drivers<br>yelled and plied their whips, scuffles broke out and some<br>blades were drawn. A troop of heavy-armed uruks from<br>Barad-du\u02c6r charged into the Durthang line and threw them<br>into confusion.<br>Dazed as he was with pain and weariness, Sam woke up,<br>grasped quickly at his chance, and threw himself to the<br>ground, dragging Frodo down with him. Orcs fell over them,<br>snarling and cursing. Slowly on hand and knee the hobbits<br>crawled away out of the turmoil, until at last unnoticed they<br>dropped over the further edge of the road. It had a high kerb<br>by which troop-leaders could guide themselves in black night<br>or fog, and it was banked up some feet above the level of the<br>open land.<br>They lay still for a while. It was too dark to seek for cover,<br>if indeed there was any to find; but Sam felt that they ought<br>at least to get further away from the highways and out of the<br>range of torchlight.<br>\u2018Come on, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 he whispered. \u2018One more crawl,<br>and then you can lie still.\u2019<br>With a last despairing effort Frodo raised himself on his<br>hands, and struggled on for maybe twenty yards. Then he<br>pitched down into a shallow pit that opened unexpectedly<br>before them, and there he lay like a dead thing.<br>Chapter 3<br>MOUNT DOOM<br>Sam put his ragged orc-cloak under his master\u2019s head, and<br>covered them both with the grey robe of Lo\u00b4rien; and as he<br>did so his thoughts went out to that fair land, and to the<br>Elves, and he hoped that the cloth woven by their hands<br>might have some virtue to keep them hidden beyond all hope<br>in this wilderness of fear. He heard the scuffling and cries die<br>down as the troops passed on through the Isenmouthe. It<br>seemed that in the confusion and the mingling of many companies of various kinds they had not been missed, not yet at<br>any rate.<br>Sam took a sip of water, but pressed Frodo to drink, and<br>when his master had recovered a little he gave him a whole<br>wafer of their precious waybread and made him eat it. Then,<br>too worn out even to feel much fear, they stretched themselves out. They slept a little in uneasy fits; for their sweat<br>grew chill on them, and the hard stones bit them, and they<br>shivered. Out of the north from the Black Gate through<br>Cirith Gorgor there flowed whispering along the ground a<br>thin cold air.<br>In the morning a grey light came again, for in the high<br>regions the West Wind still blew, but down on the stones<br>behind the fences of the Black Land the air seemed almost<br>dead, chill and yet stifling. Sam looked up out of the hollow.<br>The land all about was dreary, flat and drab-hued. On the<br>roads nearby nothing was moving now; but Sam feared the<br>watchful eyes on the wall of the Isenmouthe, no more than a<br>furlong away northward. South-eastward, far off like a dark<br>standing shadow, loomed the Mountain. Smokes were pouring from it, and while those that rose into the upper air trailed<br>away eastward, great rolling clouds floated down its sides and<br>mount doom 1221<br>spread over the land. A few miles to the north-east the foothills of the Ashen Mountains stood like sombre grey ghosts,<br>behind which the misty northern heights rose like a line of<br>distant cloud hardly darker than the lowering sky.<br>Sam tried to guess the distances and to decide what way<br>they ought to take. \u2018It looks every step of fifty miles,\u2019 he<br>muttered gloomily, staring at the threatening mountain, \u2018and<br>that\u2019ll take a week, if it takes a day, with Mr. Frodo as he is.\u2019<br>He shook his head, and as he worked things out, slowly a<br>new dark thought grew in his mind. Never for long had hope<br>died in his staunch heart, and always until now he had taken<br>some thought for their return. But the bitter truth came home<br>to him at last: at best their provision would take them to their<br>goal; and when the task was done, there they would come to<br>an end, alone, houseless, foodless in the midst of a terrible<br>desert. There could be no return.<br>\u2018So that was the job I felt I had to do when I started,\u2019<br>thought Sam: \u2018to help Mr. Frodo to the last step and then<br>die with him? Well, if that is the job then I must do it. But I<br>would dearly like to see Bywater again, and Rosie Cotton and<br>her brothers, and the Gaffer and Marigold and all. I can\u2019t<br>think somehow that Gandalf would have sent Mr. Frodo<br>on this errand, if there hadn\u2019t a\u2019 been any hope of his ever<br>coming back at all. Things all went wrong when he went<br>down in Moria. I wish he hadn\u2019t. He would have done<br>something.\u2019<br>But even as hope died in Sam, or seemed to die, it was<br>turned to a new strength. Sam\u2019s plain hobbit-face grew stern,<br>almost grim, as the will hardened in him, and he felt through<br>all his limbs a thrill, as if he was turning into some creature<br>of stone and steel that neither despair nor weariness nor<br>endless barren miles could subdue.<br>With a new sense of responsibility he brought his eyes back<br>to the ground near at hand, studying the next move. As the<br>light grew a little he saw to his surprise that what from a<br>distance had seemed wide and featureless flats were in fact<br>all broken and tumbled. Indeed the whole surface of the<br>1222 the return of the king<br>plains of Gorgoroth was pocked with great holes, as if, while<br>it was still a waste of soft mud, it had been smitten with a<br>shower of bolts and huge slingstones. The largest of these<br>holes were rimmed with ridges of broken rock, and broad<br>fissures ran out from them in all directions. It was a land in<br>which it would be possible to creep from hiding to hiding,<br>unseen by all but the most watchful eyes: possible at least for<br>one who was strong and had no need for speed. For the<br>hungry and worn, who had far to go before life failed, it had<br>an evil look.<br>Thinking of all these things Sam went back to his master.<br>He had no need to rouse him. Frodo was lying on his back<br>with eyes open, staring at the cloudy sky. \u2018Well, Mr. Frodo,\u2019<br>said Sam, \u2018I\u2019ve been having a look round and thinking a bit.<br>There\u2019s nothing on the roads, and we\u2019d best be getting away<br>while there\u2019s a chance. Can you manage it?\u2019<br>\u2018I can manage it,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018I must.\u2019<br>Once more they started, crawling from hollow to hollow,<br>flitting behind such cover as they could find, but moving<br>always in a slant towards the foothills of the northern range.<br>But as they went the most easterly of the roads followed<br>them, until it ran off, hugging the skirts of the mountains,<br>away into a wall of black shadow far ahead. Neither man nor<br>orc now moved along its flat grey stretches; for the Dark<br>Lord had almost completed the movement of his forces, and<br>even in the fastness of his own realm he sought the secrecy<br>of night, fearing the winds of the world that had turned<br>against him, tearing aside his veils, and troubled with tidings<br>of bold spies that had passed through his fences.<br>The hobbits had gone a few weary miles when they halted.<br>Frodo seemed nearly spent. Sam saw that he could not<br>go much further in this fashion, crawling, stooping, now<br>picking a doubtful way very slowly, now hurrying at a<br>stumbling run.<br>\u2018I\u2019m going back on to the road while the light lasts, Mr.<br>Frodo,\u2019 he said. \u2018Trust to luck again! It nearly failed us last<br>mount doom 1223<br>time, but it didn\u2019t quite. A steady pace for a few more miles,<br>and then a rest.\u2019<br>He was taking a far greater risk than he knew; but Frodo<br>was too much occupied with his burden and with the struggle<br>in his mind to debate, and almost too hopeless to care. They<br>climbed on to the causeway and trudged along, down the<br>hard cruel road that led to the Dark Tower itself. But their<br>luck held, and for the rest of that day they met no living or<br>moving thing; and when night fell they vanished into the<br>darkness of Mordor. All the land now brooded as at the<br>coming of a great storm: for the Captains of the West had<br>passed the Cross-roads and set flames in the deadly fields of<br>Imlad Morgul.<br>So the desperate journey went on, as the Ring went south<br>and the banners of the kings rode north. For the hobbits each<br>day, each mile, was more bitter than the one before, as their<br>strength lessened and the land became more evil. They met<br>no enemies by day. At times by night, as they cowered or<br>drowsed uneasily in some hiding beside the road, they heard<br>cries and the noise of many feet or the swift passing of some<br>cruelly ridden steed. But far worse than all such perils was<br>the ever-approaching threat that beat upon them as they<br>went: the dreadful menace of the Power that waited, brooding<br>in deep thought and sleepless malice behind the dark veil<br>about its Throne. Nearer and nearer it drew, looming blacker,<br>like the oncoming of a wall of night at the last end of the<br>world.<br>There came at last a dreadful nightfall; and even as the<br>Captains of the West drew near to the end of the living lands,<br>the two wanderers came to an hour of blank despair. Four<br>days had passed since they had escaped from the orcs, but<br>the time lay behind them like an ever-darkening dream. All<br>this last day Frodo had not spoken, but had walked halfbowed, often stumbling, as if his eyes no longer saw the way<br>before his feet. Sam guessed that among all their pains he<br>bore the worst, the growing weight of the Ring, a burden on<br>the body and a torment to his mind. Anxiously Sam had<br>1224 the return of the king<br>noted how his master\u2019s left hand would often be raised as if<br>to ward off a blow, or to screen his shrinking eyes from a<br>dreadful Eye that sought to look in them. And sometimes his<br>right hand would creep to his breast, clutching, and then<br>slowly, as the will recovered mastery, it would be withdrawn.<br>Now as the blackness of night returned Frodo sat, his head<br>between his knees, his arms hanging wearily to the ground<br>where his hands lay feebly twitching. Sam watched him, till<br>night covered them both and hid them from one another. He<br>could no longer find any words to say; and he turned to his<br>own dark thoughts. As for himself, though weary and under<br>a shadow of fear, he still had some strength left. The lembas<br>had a virtue without which they would long ago have lain<br>down to die. It did not satisfy desire, and at times Sam\u2019s<br>mind was filled with the memories of food, and the longing<br>for simple bread and meats. And yet this waybread of the<br>Elves had a potency that increased as travellers relied on it<br>alone and did not mingle it with other foods. It fed the will,<br>and it gave strength to endure, and to master sinew and limb<br>beyond the measure of mortal kind. But now a new decision<br>must be made. They could not follow this road any longer;<br>for it went on eastward into the great Shadow, but the Mountain now loomed upon their right, almost due south, and they<br>must turn towards it. Yet still before it there stretched a wide<br>region of fuming, barren, ash-ridden land.<br>\u2018Water, water!\u2019 muttered Sam. He had stinted himself, and<br>in his parched mouth his tongue seemed thick and swollen;<br>but for all his care they now had very little left, perhaps half<br>his bottle, and maybe there were still days to go. All would<br>long ago have been spent, if they had not dared to follow the<br>orc-road. For at long intervals on that highway cisterns had<br>been built for the use of troops sent in haste through the<br>waterless regions. In one Sam had found some water left,<br>stale, muddied by the orcs, but still sufficient for their desperate case. Yet that was now a day ago. There was no hope<br>of any more.<br>At last wearied with his cares Sam drowsed, leaving the<br>mount doom 1225<br>morrow till it came; he could do no more. Dream and waking<br>mingled uneasily. He saw lights like gloating eyes, and dark<br>creeping shapes, and he heard noises as of wild beasts or the<br>dreadful cries of tortured things; and he would start up to<br>find the world all dark and only empty blackness all about<br>him. Once only, as he stood and stared wildly round, did it<br>seem that, though now awake, he could still see pale lights<br>like eyes; but soon they flickered and vanished.<br>The hateful night passed slowly and reluctantly. Such daylight as followed was dim; for here as the Mountain drew<br>near the air was ever mirky, while out from the Dark Tower<br>there crept the veils of Shadow that Sauron wove about himself. Frodo was lying on his back not moving. Sam stood<br>beside him, reluctant to speak, and yet knowing that the word<br>now lay with him: he must set his master\u2019s will to work<br>for another effort. At length, stooping and caressing Frodo\u2019s<br>brow, he spoke in his ear.<br>\u2018Wake up, Master!\u2019 he said. \u2018Time for another start.\u2019<br>As if roused by a sudden bell, Frodo rose quickly, and<br>stood up and looked away southwards; but when his eyes<br>beheld the Mountain and the desert he quailed again.<br>\u2018I can\u2019t manage it, Sam,\u2019 he said. \u2018It is such a weight to<br>carry, such a weight.\u2019<br>Sam knew before he spoke, that it was vain, and that such<br>words might do more harm than good, but in his pity he<br>could not keep silent. \u2018Then let me carry it a bit for you,<br>Master,\u2019 he said. \u2018You know I would, and gladly, as long as<br>I have any strength.\u2019<br>A wild light came into Frodo\u2019s eyes. \u2018Stand away! Don\u2019t<br>touch me!\u2019 he cried. \u2018It is mine, I say. Be off!\u2019 His hand<br>strayed to his sword-hilt. But then quickly his voice changed.<br>\u2018No, no, Sam,\u2019 he said sadly. \u2018But you must understand. It is<br>my burden, and no one else can bear it. It is too late now,<br>Sam dear. You can\u2019t help me in that way again. I am almost<br>in its power now. I could not give it up, and if you tried to<br>take it I should go mad.\u2019<br>1226 the return of the king<br>Sam nodded. \u2018I understand,\u2019 he said. \u2018But I\u2019ve been thinking, Mr. Frodo, there\u2019s other things we might do without.<br>Why not lighten the load a bit? We\u2019re going that way now,<br>as straight as we can make it.\u2019 He pointed to the Mountain.<br>\u2018It\u2019s no good taking anything we\u2019re not sure to need.\u2019<br>Frodo looked again towards the Mountain. \u2018No,\u2019 he said,<br>\u2018we shan\u2019t need much on that road. And at its end nothing.\u2019<br>Picking up his orc-shield he flung it away and threw his<br>helmet after it. Then pulling off the grey cloak he undid the<br>heavy belt and let it fall to the ground, and the sheathed<br>sword with it. The shreds of the black cloak he tore off and<br>scattered.<br>\u2018There, I\u2019ll be an orc no more,\u2019 he cried, \u2018and I\u2019ll bear no<br>weapon, fair or foul. Let them take me, if they will!\u2019<br>Sam did likewise, and put aside his orc-gear; and he took<br>out all the things in his pack. Somehow each of them had<br>become dear to him, if only because he had borne them<br>so far with so much toil. Hardest of all it was to part with<br>his cooking-gear. Tears welled in his eyes at the thought of<br>casting it away.<br>\u2018Do you remember that bit of rabbit, Mr. Frodo?\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018And our place under the warm bank in Captain Faramir\u2019s<br>country, the day I saw an oliphaunt?\u2019<br>\u2018No, I am afraid not, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018At least, I know<br>that such things happened, but I cannot see them. No taste<br>of food, no feel of water, no sound of wind, no memory of<br>tree or grass or flower, no image of moon or star are left to<br>me. I am naked in the dark, Sam, and there is no veil between<br>me and the wheel of fire. I begin to see it even with my<br>waking eyes, and all else fades.\u2019<br>Sam went to him and kissed his hand. \u2018Then the sooner<br>we\u2019re rid of it, the sooner to rest,\u2019 he said haltingly, finding<br>no better words to say. \u2018Talking won\u2019t mend nothing,\u2019 he<br>muttered to himself, as he gathered up all the things that they<br>had chosen to cast away. He was not willing to leave them<br>lying open in the wilderness for any eyes to see. \u2018Stinker<br>picked up that orc-shirt, seemingly, and he isn\u2019t going to add<br>mount doom 1227<br>a sword to it. His hands are bad enough when empty. And<br>he isn\u2019t going to mess with my pans!\u2019 With that he carried all<br>the gear away to one of the many gaping fissures that scored<br>the land and threw them in. The clatter of his precious pans<br>as they fell down into the dark was like a death-knell to his<br>heart.<br>He came back to Frodo, and then of his elven-rope he cut<br>a short piece to serve his master as a girdle and bind the grey<br>cloak close about his waist. The rest he carefully coiled and<br>put back in his pack. Beside that he kept only the remnants<br>of their waybread and the water-bottle, and Sting still hanging<br>by his belt; and hidden away in a pocket of his tunic next his<br>breast the phial of Galadriel and the little box that she gave<br>him for his own.<br>Now at last they turned their faces to the Mountain and<br>set out, thinking no more of concealment, bending their<br>weariness and failing wills only to the one task of going on.<br>In the dimness of its dreary day few things even in that land<br>of vigilance could have espied them, save from close at hand.<br>Of all the slaves of the Dark Lord, only the Nazgu\u02c6l could have<br>warned him of the peril that crept, small but indomitable, into<br>the very heart of his guarded realm. But the Nazgu\u02c6l and their<br>black wings were abroad on other errand: they were gathered<br>far away, shadowing the march of the Captains of the West,<br>and thither the thought of the Dark Tower was turned.<br>That day it seemed to Sam that his master had found some<br>new strength, more than could be explained by the small<br>lightening of the load that he had to carry. In the first marches<br>they went further and faster than he had hoped. The land<br>was rough and hostile, and yet they made much progress,<br>and ever the Mountain drew nearer. But as the day wore on<br>and all too soon the dim light began to fail, Frodo stooped<br>again, and began to stagger, as if the renewed effort had<br>squandered his remaining strength.<br>At their last halt he sank down and said: \u2018I\u2019m thirsty, Sam,\u2019<br>and did not speak again. Sam gave him a mouthful of water;<br>1228 the return of the king<br>only one more mouthful remained. He went without himself;<br>and now as once more the night of Mordor closed over them,<br>through all his thoughts there came the memory of water;<br>and every brook or stream or fount that he had ever seen,<br>under green willow-shades or twinkling in the sun, danced<br>and rippled for his torment behind the blindness of his eyes.<br>He felt the cool mud about his toes as he paddled in the Pool<br>at Bywater with Jolly Cotton and Tom and Nibs, and their<br>sister Rosie. \u2018But that was years ago,\u2019 he sighed, \u2018and far<br>away. The way back, if there is one, goes past the Mountain.\u2019<br>He could not sleep and he held a debate with himself.<br>\u2018Well, come now, we\u2019ve done better than you hoped,\u2019 he said<br>sturdily. \u2018Began well anyway. I reckon we crossed half the<br>distance before we stopped. One more day will do it.\u2019 And<br>then he paused.<br>\u2018Don\u2019t be a fool, Sam Gamgee,\u2019 came an answer in his<br>own voice. \u2018He won\u2019t go another day like that, if he moves at<br>all. And you can\u2019t go on much longer giving him all the water<br>and most of the food.\u2019<br>\u2018I can go on a good way though, and I will.\u2019<br>\u2018Where to?\u2019<br>\u2018To the Mountain, of course.\u2019<br>\u2018But what then, Sam Gamgee, what then? When you get<br>there, what are you going to do? He won\u2019t be able to do<br>anything for himself.\u2019<br>To his dismay Sam realized that he had not got an answer<br>to this. He had no clear idea at all. Frodo had not spoken<br>much to him of his errand, and Sam only knew vaguely that<br>the Ring had somehow to be put into the fire. \u2018The Cracks<br>of Doom,\u2019 he muttered, the old name rising to his mind.<br>\u2018Well, if Master knows how to find them, I don\u2019t.\u2019<br>\u2018There you are!\u2019 came the answer. \u2018It\u2019s all quite useless. He<br>said so himself. You are the fool, going on hoping and toiling.<br>You could have lain down and gone to sleep together days<br>ago, if you hadn\u2019t been so dogged. But you\u2019ll die just the<br>same, or worse. You might just as well lie down now and<br>give it up. You\u2019ll never get to the top anyway.\u2019<br>mount doom 1229<br>\u2018I\u2019ll get there, if I leave everything but my bones behind,\u2019<br>said Sam. \u2018And I\u2019ll carry Mr. Frodo up myself, if it breaks<br>my back and heart. So stop arguing!\u2019<br>At that moment Sam felt a tremor in the ground beneath<br>him, and he heard or sensed a deep remote rumble as of<br>thunder imprisoned under the earth. There was a brief red<br>flame that flickered under the clouds and died away. The<br>Mountain too slept uneasily.<br>The last stage of their journey to Orodruin came, and it<br>was a torment greater than Sam had ever thought that he<br>could bear. He was in pain, and so parched that he could no<br>longer swallow even a mouthful of food. It remained dark, not<br>only because of the smokes of the Mountain: there seemed<br>to be a storm coming up, and away to the south-east there<br>was a shimmer of lightnings under the black skies. Worst of<br>all, the air was full of fumes; breathing was painful and difficult, and a dizziness came on them, so that they staggered<br>and often fell. And yet their wills did not yield, and they<br>struggled on.<br>The Mountain crept up ever nearer, until, if they lifted<br>their heavy heads, it filled all their sight, looming vast before<br>them: a huge mass of ash and slag and burned stone, out of<br>which a sheer-sided cone was raised into the clouds. Before<br>the daylong dusk ended and true night came again they had<br>crawled and stumbled to its very feet.<br>With a gasp Frodo cast himself on the ground. Sam sat by<br>him. To his surprise he felt tired but lighter, and his head<br>seemed clear again. No more debates disturbed his mind. He<br>knew all the arguments of despair and would not listen to<br>them. His will was set, and only death would break it. He<br>felt no longer either desire or need of sleep, but rather of<br>watchfulness. He knew that all the hazards and perils were<br>now drawing together to a point: the next day would be a<br>day of doom, the day of final effort or disaster, the last gasp.<br>But when would it come? The night seemed endless and<br>timeless, minute after minute falling dead and adding up to<br>1230 the return of the king<br>no passing hour, bringing no change. Sam began to wonder<br>if a second darkness had begun and no day would ever<br>reappear. At last he groped for Frodo\u2019s hand. It was cold and<br>trembling. His master was shivering.<br>\u2018I didn\u2019t ought to have left my blanket behind,\u2019 muttered<br>Sam; and lying down he tried to comfort Frodo with his arms<br>and body. Then sleep took him, and the dim light of the last<br>day of their quest found them side by side. The wind had<br>fallen the day before as it shifted from the West, and now it<br>came from the North and began to rise; and slowly the light<br>of the unseen Sun filtered down into the shadows where the<br>hobbits lay.<br>\u2018Now for it! Now for the last gasp!\u2019 said Sam as he struggled<br>to his feet. He bent over Frodo, rousing him gently. Frodo<br>groaned; but with a great effort of will he staggered up; and<br>then he fell upon his knees again. He raised his eyes with<br>difficulty to the dark slopes of Mount Doom towering above<br>him, and then pitifully he began to crawl forward on his<br>hands.<br>Sam looked at him and wept in his heart, but no tears came<br>to his dry and stinging eyes. \u2018I said I\u2019d carry him, if it broke<br>my back,\u2019 he muttered, \u2018and I will!\u2019<br>\u2018Come, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 he cried. \u2018I can\u2019t carry it for you, but<br>I can carry you and it as well. So up you get! Come on, Mr.<br>Frodo dear! Sam will give you a ride. Just tell him where to<br>go, and he\u2019ll go.\u2019<br>As Frodo clung upon his back, arms loosely about his neck,<br>legs clasped firmly under his arms, Sam staggered to his feet;<br>and then to his amazement he felt the burden light. He had<br>feared that he would have barely strength to lift his master<br>alone, and beyond that he had expected to share in the dreadful dragging weight of the accursed Ring. But it was not so.<br>Whether because Frodo was so worn by his long pains,<br>wound of knife, and venomous sting, and sorrow, fear, and<br>homeless wandering, or because some gift of final strength<br>was given to him, Sam lifted Frodo with no more difficulty<br>mount doom 1231<br>than if he were carrying a hobbit-child pig-a-back in some<br>romp on the lawns or hayfields of the Shire. He took a deep<br>breath and started off.<br>They had reached the Mountain\u2019s foot on its northern side,<br>and a little to the westward; there its long grey slopes, though<br>broken, were not sheer. Frodo did not speak, and so Sam<br>struggled on as best he could, having no guidance but the<br>will to climb as high as might be before his strength gave out<br>and his will broke. On he toiled, up and up, turning this way<br>and that to lessen the slope, often stumbling forward, and at<br>the last crawling like a snail with a heavy burden on its back.<br>When his will could drive him no further, and his limbs gave<br>way, he stopped and laid his master gently down.<br>Frodo opened his eyes and drew a breath. It was easier to<br>breathe up here above the reeks that coiled and drifted down<br>below. \u2018Thank you, Sam,\u2019 he said in a cracked whisper. \u2018How<br>far is there to go?\u2019<br>\u2018I don\u2019t know,\u2019 said Sam, \u2018because I don\u2019t know where<br>we\u2019re going.\u2019<br>He looked back, and then he looked up; and he was amazed<br>to see how far his last effort had brought him. The Mountain<br>standing ominous and alone had looked taller than it was.<br>Sam saw now that it was less lofty than the high passes of the<br>Ephel Du\u00b4ath which he and Frodo had scaled. The confused<br>and tumbled shoulders of its great base rose for maybe three<br>thousand feet above the plain, and above them was reared<br>half as high again its tall central cone, like a vast oast or<br>chimney capped with a jagged crater. But already Sam was<br>more than half way up the base, and the plain of Gorgoroth<br>was dim below him, wrapped in fume and shadow. As he<br>looked up he would have given a shout, if his parched throat<br>had allowed him; for amid the rugged humps and shoulders<br>above him he saw plainly a path or road. It climbed like a<br>rising girdle from the west and wound snakelike about the<br>Mountain, until before it went round out of view it reached<br>the foot of the cone upon its eastern side.<br>1232 the return of the king<br>Sam could not see the course immediately above him,<br>where it was lowest, for a steep slope went up from where he<br>stood; but he guessed that if he could only struggle on just a<br>little way further up, they would strike this path. A gleam of<br>hope returned to him. They might conquer the Mountain<br>yet. \u2018Why, it might have been put there a-purpose!\u2019 he said<br>to himself. \u2018If it wasn\u2019t there, I\u2019d have to say I was beaten in<br>the end.\u2019<br>The path was not put there for the purposes of Sam. He<br>did not know it, but he was looking at Sauron\u2019s Road from<br>Barad-du\u02c6r to the Sammath Naur, the Chambers of Fire. Out<br>from the Dark Tower\u2019s huge western gate it came over a<br>deep abyss by a vast bridge of iron, and then passing into the<br>plain it ran for a league between two smoking chasms, and<br>so reached a long sloping causeway that led up on to the<br>Mountain\u2019s eastern side. Thence, turning and encircling all<br>its wide girth from south to north, it climbed at last, high in<br>the upper cone, but still far from the reeking summit, to a<br>dark entrance that gazed back east straight to the Window of<br>the Eye in Sauron\u2019s shadow-mantled fortress. Often blocked<br>or destroyed by the tumults of the Mountain\u2019s furnaces,<br>always that road was repaired and cleared again by the<br>labours of countless orcs.<br>Sam drew a deep breath. There was a path, but how he<br>was to get up the slope to it he did not know. First he must<br>ease his aching back. He lay flat beside Frodo for a while.<br>Neither spoke. Slowly the light grew. Suddenly a sense of<br>urgency which he did not understand came to Sam. It was<br>almost as if he had been called: \u2018Now, now, or it will be too<br>late!\u2019 He braced himself and got up. Frodo also seemed to<br>have felt the call. He struggled to his knees.<br>\u2018I\u2019ll crawl, Sam,\u2019 he gasped.<br>So foot by foot, like small grey insects, they crept up the<br>slope. They came to the path and found that it was broad,<br>paved with broken rubble and beaten ash. Frodo clambered<br>on to it, and then moved as if by some compulsion he turned<br>slowly to face the East. Far off the shadows of Sauron hung;<br>mount doom 1233<br>but torn by some gust of wind out of the world, or else moved<br>by some great disquiet within, the mantling clouds swirled,<br>and for a moment drew aside; and then he saw, rising black,<br>blacker and darker than the vast shades amid which it stood,<br>the cruel pinnacles and iron crown of the topmost tower<br>of Barad-du\u02c6r. One moment only it stared out, but as from<br>some great window immeasurably high there stabbed northward a flame of red, the flicker of a piercing Eye; and then<br>the shadows were furled again and the terrible vision was<br>removed. The Eye was not turned to them: it was gazing<br>north to where the Captains of the West stood at bay, and<br>thither all its malice was now bent, as the Power moved to<br>strike its deadly blow; but Frodo at that dreadful glimpse fell<br>as one stricken mortally. His hand sought the chain about<br>his neck.<br>Sam knelt by him. Faint, almost inaudibly, he heard Frodo<br>whispering: \u2018Help me, Sam! Help me, Sam! Hold my hand!<br>I can\u2019t stop it.\u2019 Sam took his master\u2019s hands and laid them<br>together, palm to palm, and kissed them; and then he held<br>them gently between his own. The thought came suddenly<br>to him: \u2018He\u2019s spotted us! It\u2019s all up, or it soon will be. Now,<br>Sam Gamgee, this is the end of ends.\u2019<br>Again he lifted Frodo and drew his hands down to his own<br>breast, letting his master\u2019s legs dangle. Then he bowed his<br>head and struggled off along the climbing road. It was not as<br>easy a way to take as it had looked at first. By fortune the<br>fires that had poured forth in the great turmoils when Sam<br>stood upon Cirith Ungol had flowed down mainly on the<br>southern and western slopes, and the road on this side was<br>not blocked. Yet in many places it had crumbled away or was<br>crossed by gaping rents. After climbing eastward for some<br>time it bent back upon itself at a sharp angle and went westward for a space. There at the bend it was cut deep through<br>a crag of old weathered stone once long ago vomited from<br>the Mountain\u2019s furnaces. Panting under his load Sam turned<br>the bend; and even as he did so, out of the corner of his eye,<br>he had a glimpse of something falling from the crag, like a<br>1234 the return of the king<br>small piece of black stone that had toppled off as he passed.<br>A sudden weight smote him and he crashed forward, tearing the backs of his hands that still clasped his master\u2019s. Then<br>he knew what had happened, for above him as he lay he<br>heard a hated voice.<br>\u2018Wicked masster!\u2019 it hissed. \u2018Wicked masster cheats us;<br>cheats Sme\u00b4agol, gollum. He musstn\u2019t go that way. He<br>musstn\u2019t hurt Preciouss. Give it to Sme\u00b4agol, yess, give it to<br>us! Give it to uss!\u2019<br>With a violent heave Sam rose up. At once he drew his<br>sword; but he could do nothing. Gollum and Frodo were<br>locked together. Gollum was tearing at his master, trying to<br>get at the chain and the Ring. This was probably the only<br>thing that could have roused the dying embers of Frodo\u2019s<br>heart and will: an attack, an attempt to wrest his treasure<br>from him by force. He fought back with a sudden fury that<br>amazed Sam, and Gollum also. Even so things might have<br>gone far otherwise, if Gollum himself had remained unchanged; but whatever dreadful paths, lonely and hungry and<br>waterless, he had trodden, driven by a devouring desire and<br>a terrible fear, they had left grievous marks on him. He was a<br>lean, starved, haggard thing, all bones and tight-drawn sallow<br>skin. A wild light flamed in his eyes, but his malice was no<br>longer matched by his old griping strength. Frodo flung him<br>off and rose up quivering.<br>\u2018Down, down!\u2019 he gasped, clutching his hand to his breast,<br>so that beneath the cover of his leather shirt he clasped the<br>Ring. \u2018Down, you creeping thing, and out of my path! Your<br>time is at an end. You cannot betray me or slay me now.\u2019<br>Then suddenly, as before under the eaves of the Emyn<br>Muil, Sam saw these two rivals with other vision. A crouching<br>shape, scarcely more than the shadow of a living thing, a<br>creature now wholly ruined and defeated, yet filled with a<br>hideous lust and rage; and before it stood stern, untouchable<br>now by pity, a figure robed in white, but at its breast it held<br>a wheel of fire. Out of the fire there spoke a commanding<br>voice.<br>mount doom 1235<br>\u2018Begone, and trouble me no more! If you touch me ever<br>again, you shall be cast yourself into the Fire of Doom.\u2019<br>The crouching shape backed away, terror in its blinking<br>eyes, and yet at the same time insatiable desire.<br>Then the vision passed and Sam saw Frodo standing, hand<br>on breast, his breath coming in great gasps, and Gollum at<br>his feet, resting on his knees with his wide-splayed hands<br>upon the ground.<br>\u2018Look out!\u2019 cried Sam. \u2018He\u2019ll spring!\u2019 He stepped forward,<br>brandishing his sword. \u2018Quick, Master!\u2019 he gasped. \u2018Go on!<br>Go on! No time to lose. I\u2019ll deal with him. Go on!\u2019<br>Frodo looked at him as if at one now far away. \u2018Yes, I must<br>go on,\u2019 he said. \u2018Farewell, Sam! This is the end at last. On<br>Mount Doom doom shall fall. Farewell!\u2019 He turned and went<br>on, walking slowly but erect, up the climbing path.<br>\u2018Now!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018At last I can deal with you!\u2019 He leaped<br>forward with drawn blade ready for battle. But Gollum did<br>not spring. He fell flat upon the ground and whimpered.<br>\u2018Don\u2019t kill us,\u2019 he wept. \u2018Don\u2019t hurt us with nassty cruel<br>steel! Let us live, yes, live just a little longer. Lost lost! We\u2019re<br>lost. And when Precious goes we\u2019ll die, yes, die into the dust.\u2019<br>He clawed up the ashes of the path with his long fleshless<br>fingers. \u2018Dusst!\u2019 he hissed.<br>Sam\u2019s hand wavered. His mind was hot with wrath and<br>the memory of evil. It would be just to slay this treacherous,<br>murderous creature, just and many times deserved; and also<br>it seemed the only safe thing to do. But deep in his heart<br>there was something that restrained him: he could not strike<br>this thing lying in the dust, forlorn, ruinous, utterly wretched.<br>He himself, though only for a little while, had borne the Ring,<br>and now dimly he guessed the agony of Gollum\u2019s shrivelled<br>mind and body, enslaved to that Ring, unable to find peace<br>or relief ever in life again. But Sam had no words to express<br>what he felt.<br>\u2018Oh, curse you, you stinking thing!\u2019 he said. \u2018Go away!<br>Be off! I don\u2019t trust you, not as far as I could kick you;<br>1236 the return of the king<br>but be off. Or I shall hurt you, yes, with nasty cruel steel.\u2019<br>Gollum got up on all fours, and backed away for several<br>paces, and then he turned, and as Sam aimed a kick at him<br>he fled away down the path. Sam gave no more heed to him.<br>He suddenly remembered his master. He looked up the path<br>and could not see him. As fast as he could he trudged up the<br>road. If he had looked back, he might have seen not far below<br>Gollum turn again, and then with a wild light of madness<br>glaring in his eyes come, swiftly but warily, creeping on<br>behind, a slinking shadow among the stones.<br>The path climbed on. Soon it bent again and with a last<br>eastward course passed in a cutting along the face of the cone<br>and came to the dark door in the Mountain\u2019s side, the door<br>of the Sammath Naur. Far away now rising towards the South<br>the sun, piercing the smokes and haze, burned ominous, a<br>dull bleared disc of red; but all Mordor lay about the Mountain like a dead land, silent, shadow-folded, waiting for some<br>dreadful stroke.<br>Sam came to the gaping mouth and peered in. It was dark<br>and hot, and a deep rumbling shook the air. \u2018Frodo! Master!\u2019<br>he called. There was no answer. For a moment he stood, his<br>heart beating with wild fears, and then he plunged in. A<br>shadow followed him.<br>At first he could see nothing. In his great need he drew out<br>once more the phial of Galadriel, but it was pale and cold in<br>his trembling hand and threw no light into that stifling dark.<br>He was come to the heart of the realm of Sauron and the<br>forges of his ancient might, greatest in Middle-earth; all other<br>powers were here subdued. Fearfully he took a few uncertain<br>steps in the dark, and then all at once there came a flash of<br>red that leaped upward, and smote the high black roof. Then<br>Sam saw that he was in a long cave or tunnel that bored into<br>the Mountain\u2019s smoking cone. But only a short way ahead<br>its floor and the walls on either side were cloven by a great<br>fissure, out of which the red glare came, now leaping up, now<br>dying down into darkness; and all the while far below there<br>mount doom 1237<br>was a rumour and a trouble as of great engines throbbing<br>and labouring.<br>The light sprang up again, and there on the brink of the<br>chasm, at the very Crack of Doom, stood Frodo, black against<br>the glare, tense, erect, but still as if he had been turned to<br>stone.<br>\u2018Master!\u2019 cried Sam.<br>Then Frodo stirred and spoke with a clear voice, indeed<br>with a voice clearer and more powerful than Sam had ever<br>heard him use, and it rose above the throb and turmoil of<br>Mount Doom, ringing in the roof and walls.<br>\u2018I have come,\u2019 he said. \u2018But I do not choose now to do<br>what I came to do. I will not do this deed. The Ring is mine!\u2019<br>And suddenly, as he set it on his finger, he vanished from<br>Sam\u2019s sight. Sam gasped, but he had no chance to cry out,<br>for at that moment many things happened.<br>Something struck Sam violently in the back, his legs were<br>knocked from under him and he was flung aside, striking his<br>head against the stony floor, as a dark shape sprang over him.<br>He lay still and for a moment all went black.<br>And far away, as Frodo put on the Ring and claimed it for<br>his own, even in Sammath Naur the very heart of his realm,<br>the Power in Barad-du\u02c6r was shaken, and the Tower trembled<br>from its foundations to its proud and bitter crown. The Dark<br>Lord was suddenly aware of him, and his Eye piercing all<br>shadows looked across the plain to the door that he had made;<br>and the magnitude of his own folly was revealed to him in a<br>blinding flash, and all the devices of his enemies were at last<br>laid bare. Then his wrath blazed in consuming flame, but his<br>fear rose like a vast black smoke to choke him. For he knew<br>his deadly peril and the thread upon which his doom now<br>hung.<br>From all his policies and webs of fear and treachery, from<br>all his stratagems and wars his mind shook free; and throughout his realm a tremor ran, his slaves quailed, and his armies<br>halted, and his captains suddenly steerless, bereft of will,<br>wavered and despaired. For they were forgotten. The whole<br>1238 the return of the king<br>mind and purpose of the Power that wielded them was now<br>bent with overwhelming force upon the Mountain. At his<br>summons, wheeling with a rending cry, in a last desperate<br>race there flew, faster than the winds, the Nazgu\u02c6l, the Ringwraiths, and with a storm of wings they hurtled southwards<br>to Mount Doom.<br>Sam got up. He was dazed, and blood streaming from his<br>head dripped in his eyes. He groped forward, and then he<br>saw a strange and terrible thing. Gollum on the edge of the<br>abyss was fighting like a mad thing with an unseen foe. To<br>and fro he swayed, now so near the brink that almost he<br>tumbled in, now dragging back, falling to the ground, rising,<br>and falling again. And all the while he hissed but spoke no<br>words.<br>The fires below awoke in anger, the red light blazed, and<br>all the cavern was filled with a great glare and heat. Suddenly<br>Sam saw Gollum\u2019s long hands draw upwards to his mouth;<br>his white fangs gleamed, and then snapped as they bit. Frodo<br>gave a cry, and there he was, fallen upon his knees at the<br>chasm\u2019s edge. But Gollum, dancing like a mad thing, held<br>aloft the ring, a finger still thrust within its circle. It shone<br>now as if verily it was wrought of living fire.<br>\u2018Precious, precious, precious!\u2019 Gollum cried. \u2018My Precious!<br>O my Precious!\u2019 And with that, even as his eyes were lifted<br>up to gloat on his prize, he stepped too far, toppled, wavered<br>for a moment on the brink, and then with a shriek he fell.<br>Out of the depths came his last wail Precious, and he was<br>gone.<br>There was a roar and a great confusion of noise. Fires<br>leaped up and licked the roof. The throbbing grew to a great<br>tumult, and the Mountain shook. Sam ran to Frodo and<br>picked him up and carried him out to the door. And there<br>upon the dark threshold of the Sammath Naur, high above<br>the plains of Mordor, such wonder and terror came on him<br>that he stood still forgetting all else, and gazed as one turned<br>to stone.<br>mount doom 1239<br>A brief vision he had of swirling cloud, and in the midst<br>of it towers and battlements, tall as hills, founded upon a<br>mighty mountain-throne above immeasurable pits; great<br>courts and dungeons, eyeless prisons sheer as cliffs, and<br>gaping gates of steel and adamant: and then all passed.<br>Towers fell and mountains slid; walls crumbled and melted,<br>crashing down; vast spires of smoke and spouting steams<br>went billowing up, up, until they toppled like an overwhelming wave, and its wild crest curled and came foaming down<br>upon the land. And then at last over the miles between there<br>came a rumble, rising to a deafening crash and roar; the earth<br>shook, the plain heaved and cracked, and Orodruin reeled.<br>Fire belched from its riven summit. The skies burst into<br>thunder seared with lightning. Down like lashing whips fell a<br>torrent of black rain. And into the heart of the storm, with a<br>cry that pierced all other sounds, tearing the clouds asunder,<br>the Nazgu\u02c6l came, shooting like flaming bolts, as caught in<br>the fiery ruin of hill and sky they crackled, withered, and<br>went out.<br>\u2018Well, this is the end, Sam Gamgee,\u2019 said a voice by his<br>side. And there was Frodo, pale and worn, and yet himself<br>again; and in his eyes there was peace now, neither strain of<br>will, nor madness, nor any fear. His burden was taken away.<br>There was the dear master of the sweet days in the Shire.<br>\u2018Master!\u2019 cried Sam, and fell upon his knees. In all that<br>ruin of the world for the moment he felt only joy, great joy.<br>The burden was gone. His master had been saved; he was<br>himself again, he was free. And then Sam caught sight of the<br>maimed and bleeding hand.<br>\u2018Your poor hand!\u2019 he said. \u2018And I have nothing to bind it<br>with, or comfort it. I would have spared him a whole hand<br>of mine rather. But he\u2019s gone now beyond recall, gone for<br>ever.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018But do you remember Gandalf\u2019s words:<br>Even Gollum may have something yet to do? But for him, Sam,<br>I could not have destroyed the Ring. The Quest would have<br>1240 the return of the king<br>been in vain, even at the bitter end. So let us forgive him!<br>For the Quest is achieved, and now all is over. I am glad you<br>are here with me. Here at the end of all things, Sam.\u2019<br>Chapter 4<br>THE FIELD OF CORMALLEN<br>All about the hills the hosts of Mordor raged. The Captains<br>of the West were foundering in a gathering sea. The sun<br>gleamed red, and under the wings of the Nazgu\u02c6l the shadows<br>of death fell dark upon the earth. Aragorn stood beneath his<br>banner, silent and stern, as one lost in thought of things long<br>past or far away; but his eyes gleamed like stars that shine<br>the brighter as the night deepens. Upon the hill-top stood<br>Gandalf, and he was white and cold and no shadow fell on<br>him. The onslaught of Mordor broke like a wave on the<br>beleaguered hills, voices roaring like a tide amid the wreck<br>and crash of arms.<br>As if to his eyes some sudden vision had been given,<br>Gandalf stirred; and he turned, looking back north where the<br>skies were pale and clear. Then he lifted up his hands and<br>cried in a loud voice ringing above the din: The Eagles<br>are coming! And many voices answered crying: The Eagles are<br>coming! The Eagles are coming! The hosts of Mordor looked<br>up and wondered what this sign might mean.<br>There came Gwaihir the Windlord, and Landroval his<br>brother, greatest of all the Eagles of the North, mightiest of<br>the descendants of old Thorondor, who built his eyries in the<br>inaccessible peaks of the Encircling Mountains when Middleearth was young. Behind them in long swift lines came all<br>their vassals from the northern mountains, speeding on a<br>gathering wind. Straight down upon the Nazgu\u02c6l they bore,<br>stooping suddenly out of the high airs, and the rush of their<br>wide wings as they passed over was like a gale.<br>But the Nazgu\u02c6l turned and fled, and vanished into<br>Mordor\u2019s shadows, hearing a sudden terrible call out of the<br>Dark Tower; and even at that moment all the hosts of Mordor<br>1242 the return of the king<br>trembled, doubt clutched their hearts, their laughter failed,<br>their hands shook and their limbs were loosed. The Power<br>that drove them on and filled them with hate and fury was<br>wavering, its will was removed from them; and now looking<br>in the eyes of their enemies they saw a deadly light and were<br>afraid.<br>Then all the Captains of the West cried aloud, for their<br>hearts were filled with a new hope in the midst of darkness.<br>Out from the beleaguered hills knights of Gondor, Riders<br>of Rohan, Du\u00b4nedain of the North, close-serried companies,<br>drove against their wavering foes, piercing the press with the<br>thrust of bitter spears. But Gandalf lifted up his arms and<br>called once more in a clear voice:<br>\u2018Stand, Men of the West! Stand and wait! This is the hour<br>of doom.\u2019<br>And even as he spoke the earth rocked beneath their feet.<br>Then rising swiftly up, far above the Towers of the Black<br>Gate, high above the mountains, a vast soaring darkness<br>sprang into the sky, flickering with fire. The earth groaned<br>and quaked. The Towers of the Teeth swayed, tottered, and<br>fell down; the mighty rampart crumbled; the Black Gate was<br>hurled in ruin; and from far away, now dim, now growing,<br>now mounting to the clouds, there came a drumming rumble,<br>a roar, a long echoing roll of ruinous noise.<br>\u2018The realm of Sauron is ended!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018The Ringbearer has fulfilled his Quest.\u2019 And as the Captains gazed<br>south to the Land of Mordor, it seemed to them that, black<br>against the pall of cloud, there rose a huge shape of shadow,<br>impenetrable, lightning-crowned, filling all the sky. Enormous it reared above the world, and stretched out towards<br>them a vast threatening hand, terrible but impotent: for even<br>as it leaned over them, a great wind took it, and it was all<br>blown away, and passed; and then a hush fell.<br>The Captains bowed their heads; and when they looked<br>up again, behold! their enemies were flying and the power of<br>the field of cormallen 1243<br>Mordor was scattering like dust in the wind. As when<br>death smites the swollen brooding thing that inhabits their<br>crawling hill and holds them all in sway, ants will wander<br>witless and purposeless and then feebly die, so the creatures<br>of Sauron, orc or troll or beast spell-enslaved, ran hither<br>and thither mindless; and some slew themselves, or cast<br>themselves in pits, or fled wailing back to hide in holes<br>and dark lightless places far from hope. But the Men of<br>Rhu\u02c6n and of Harad, Easterling and Southron, saw the ruin<br>of their war and the great majesty and glory of the Captains<br>of the West. And those that were deepest and longest in evil<br>servitude, hating the West, and yet were men proud and bold,<br>in their turn now gathered themselves for a last stand of<br>desperate battle. But the most part fled eastward as they<br>could; and some cast their weapons down and sued for<br>mercy.<br>Then Gandalf, leaving all such matters of battle and command to Aragorn and the other lords, stood upon the hill-top<br>and called; and down to him came the great eagle, Gwaihir<br>the Windlord, and stood before him.<br>\u2018Twice you have borne me, Gwaihir my friend,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018Thrice shall pay for all, if you are willing. You will<br>not find me a burden much greater than when you bore me<br>from Zirakzigil, where my old life burned away.\u2019<br>\u2018I would bear you,\u2019 answered Gwaihir, \u2018whither you will,<br>even were you made of stone.\u2019<br>\u2018Then come, and let your brother go with us, and some<br>other of your folk who is most swift! For we have need of<br>speed greater than any wind, outmatching the wings of the<br>Nazgu\u02c6l.\u2019<br>\u2018The North Wind blows, but we shall outfly it,\u2019 said<br>Gwaihir. And he lifted up Gandalf and sped away south, and<br>with him went Landroval, and Meneldor young and swift.<br>And they passed over Udu\u02c6n and Gorgoroth and saw all the<br>land in ruin and tumult beneath them, and before them<br>Mount Doom blazing, pouring out its fire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1244 the return of the king<br>\u2018I am glad that you are here with me,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Here at<br>the end of all things, Sam.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I am with you, Master,\u2019 said Sam, laying Frodo\u2019s<br>wounded hand gently to his breast. \u2018And you\u2019re with me.<br>And the journey\u2019s finished. But after coming all that way I<br>don\u2019t want to give up yet. It\u2019s not like me, somehow, if you<br>understand.\u2019<br>\u2018Maybe not, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo; \u2018but it\u2019s like things are in<br>the world. Hopes fail. An end comes. We have only a little<br>time to wait now. We are lost in ruin and downfall, and there<br>is no escape.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, Master, we could at least go further from this<br>dangerous place here, from this Crack of Doom, if that\u2019s its<br>name. Now couldn\u2019t we? Come, Mr. Frodo, let\u2019s go down<br>the path at any rate!\u2019<br>\u2018Very well, Sam. If you wish to go, I\u2019ll come,\u2019 said Frodo;<br>and they rose and went slowly down the winding road; and<br>even as they passed towards the Mountain\u2019s quaking feet, a<br>great smoke and steam belched from the Sammath Naur,<br>and the side of the cone was riven open, and a huge fiery<br>vomit rolled in slow thunderous cascade down the eastern<br>mountain-side.<br>Frodo and Sam could go no further. Their last strength of<br>mind and body was swiftly ebbing. They had reached a low<br>ashen hill piled at the Mountain\u2019s foot; but from it there was<br>no more escape. It was an island now, not long to endure,<br>amid the torment of Orodruin. All about it the earth gaped,<br>and from deep rifts and pits smoke and fumes leaped up.<br>Behind them the Mountain was convulsed. Great rents<br>opened in its side. Slow rivers of fire came down the long<br>slopes towards them. Soon they would be engulfed. A rain<br>of hot ash was falling.<br>They stood now; and Sam still holding his master\u2019s hand<br>caressed it. He sighed. \u2018What a tale we have been in, Mr.<br>Frodo, haven\u2019t we?\u2019 he said. \u2018I wish I could hear it told! Do<br>you think they\u2019ll say: Now comes the story of Nine-fingered<br>Frodo and the Ring of Doom? And then everyone will hush,<br>the field of cormallen 1245<br>like we did, when in Rivendell they told us the tale of Beren<br>One-hand and the Great Jewel. I wish I could hear it! And I<br>wonder how it will go on after our part.\u2019<br>But even while he spoke so, to keep fear away until the<br>very last, his eyes still strayed north, north into the eye of the<br>wind, to where the sky far off was clear, as the cold blast,<br>rising to a gale, drove back the darkness and the ruin of the<br>clouds.<br>And so it was that Gwaihir saw them with his keen farseeing eyes, as down the wild wind he came, and daring the<br>great peril of the skies he circled in the air: two small dark<br>figures, forlorn, hand in hand upon a little hill, while the<br>world shook under them, and gasped, and rivers of fire drew<br>near. And even as he espied them and came swooping down,<br>he saw them fall, worn out, or choked with fumes and heat,<br>or stricken down by despair at last, hiding their eyes from<br>death.<br>Side by side they lay; and down swept Gwaihir, and down<br>came Landroval and Meneldor the swift; and in a dream, not<br>knowing what fate had befallen them, the wanderers were<br>lifted up and borne far away out of the darkness and the fire.<br>When Sam awoke, he found that he was lying on some<br>soft bed, but over him gently swayed wide beechen boughs,<br>and through their young leaves sunlight glimmered, green<br>and gold. All the air was full of a sweet mingled scent.<br>He remembered that smell: the fragrance of Ithilien. \u2018Bless<br>me!\u2019 he mused. \u2018How long have I been asleep?\u2019 For the scent<br>had borne him back to the day when he had lit his little fire<br>under the sunny bank; and for the moment all else between<br>was out of waking memory. He stretched and drew a deep<br>breath. \u2018Why, what a dream I\u2019ve had!\u2019 he muttered. \u2018I am<br>glad to wake!\u2019 He sat up and then he saw that Frodo was<br>lying beside him, and slept peacefully, one hand behind his<br>head, and the other resting upon the coverlet. It was the right<br>hand, and the third finger was missing.<br>1246 the return of the king<br>Full memory flooded back, and Sam cried aloud: \u2018It wasn\u2019t<br>a dream! Then where are we?\u2019<br>And a voice spoke softly behind him: \u2018In the land of<br>Ithilien, and in the keeping of the King; and he awaits you.\u2019<br>With that Gandalf stood before him, robed in white, his<br>beard now gleaming like pure snow in the twinkling of the<br>leafy sunlight. \u2018Well, Master Samwise, how do you feel?\u2019<br>he said.<br>But Sam lay back, and stared with open mouth, and for a<br>moment, between bewilderment and great joy, he could not<br>answer. At last he gasped: \u2018Gandalf! I thought you were dead!<br>But then I thought I was dead myself. Is everything sad going<br>to come untrue? What\u2019s happened to the world?\u2019<br>\u2018A great Shadow has departed,\u2019 said Gandalf, and then he<br>laughed, and the sound was like music, or like water in a<br>parched land; and as he listened the thought came to Sam<br>that he had not heard laughter, the pure sound of merriment,<br>for days upon days without count. It fell upon his ears like<br>the echo of all the joys he had ever known. But he himself<br>burst into tears. Then, as a sweet rain will pass down a wind<br>of spring and the sun will shine out the clearer, his tears<br>ceased, and his laughter welled up, and laughing he sprang<br>from his bed.<br>\u2018How do I feel?\u2019 he cried. \u2018Well, I don\u2019t know how<br>to say it. I feel, I feel\u2019 \u2013 he waved his arms in the air \u2013 \u2018I<br>feel like spring after winter, and sun on the leaves; and<br>like trumpets and harps and all the songs I have ever heard!\u2019<br>He stopped and he turned towards his master. \u2018But how\u2019s<br>Mr. Frodo?\u2019 he said. \u2018Isn\u2019t it a shame about his poor<br>hand? But I hope he\u2019s all right otherwise. He\u2019s had a cruel<br>time.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I am all right otherwise,\u2019 said Frodo, sitting up and<br>laughing in his turn. \u2018I fell asleep again waiting for you, Sam,<br>you sleepy-head. I was awake early this morning, and now it<br>must be nearly noon.\u2019<br>\u2018Noon?\u2019 said Sam, trying to calculate. \u2018Noon of what<br>day?\u2019<br>the field of cormallen 1247<br>\u2018The fourteenth of the New Year,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018or if you<br>like, the eighth day of April in the Shire-reckoning.* But<br>in Gondor the New Year will always now begin upon the<br>twenty-fifth of March when Sauron fell, and when you were<br>brought out of the fire to the King. He has tended you, and<br>now he awaits you. You shall eat and drink with him. When<br>you are ready I will lead you to him.\u2019<br>\u2018The King?\u2019 said Sam. \u2018What king, and who is he?\u2019<br>\u2018The King of Gondor and Lord of the Western Lands,\u2019<br>said Gandalf; \u2018and he has taken back all his ancient realm.<br>He will ride soon to his crowning, but he waits for you.\u2019<br>\u2018What shall we wear?\u2019 said Sam; for all he could see was<br>the old and tattered clothes that they had journeyed in, lying<br>folded on the ground beside their beds.<br>\u2018The clothes that you wore on your way to Mordor,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf. \u2018Even the orc-rags that you bore in the black land,<br>Frodo, shall be preserved. No silks and linens, nor any<br>armour or heraldry could be more honourable. But later I<br>will find some other clothes, perhaps.\u2019<br>Then he held out his hands to them, and they saw that one<br>shone with light. \u2018What have you got there?\u2019 Frodo cried.<br>\u2018Can it be\u2014\u2014?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I have brought your two treasures. They were found<br>on Sam when you were rescued, the Lady Galadriel\u2019s gifts:<br>your glass, Frodo, and your box, Sam. You will be glad to<br>have these safe again.\u2019<br>When they were washed and clad, and had eaten a light<br>meal, the Hobbits followed Gandalf. They stepped out of the<br>beech-grove in which they had lain, and passed on to a long<br>green lawn, glowing in sunshine, bordered by stately darkleaved trees laden with scarlet blossom. Behind them they<br>could hear the sound of falling water, and a stream ran down<br>before them between flowering banks, until it came to a<br>greenwood at the lawn\u2019s foot and passed then on under an<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There were thirty days in March (or Rethe) in the Shire calendar.<br>1248 the return of the king<br>archway of trees, through which they saw the shimmer of<br>water far away.<br>As they came to the opening in the wood, they were surprised to see knights in bright mail and tall guards in silver<br>and black standing there, who greeted them with honour<br>and bowed before them. And then one blew a long trumpet,<br>and they went on through the aisle of trees beside the singing stream. So they came to a wide green land, and beyond<br>it was a broad river in a silver haze, out of which rose a<br>long wooded isle, and many ships lay by its shores. But<br>on the field where they now stood a great host was drawn<br>up, in ranks and companies glittering in the sun. And as the<br>Hobbits approached swords were unsheathed, and spears<br>were shaken, and horns and trumpets sang, and men cried<br>with many voices and in many tongues:<br>\u2018Long live the Halflings! Praise them with great praise!<br>Cuio i Pheriain anann! Aglar\u2019ni Pheriannath!<br>Praise them with great praise, Frodo and Samwise!<br>Daur a Berhael, Conin en Annu\u02c6n! Eglerio!<br>Praise them!<br>Eglerio!<br>A laita te, laita te! Andave laituvalmet!<br>Praise them!<br>Cormacolindor, a laita ta\u00b4rienna!<br>Praise them! The Ring-bearers, praise them with great<br>praise!\u2019<br>And so the red blood blushing in their faces and their eyes<br>shining with wonder, Frodo and Sam went forward and saw<br>that amidst the clamorous host were set three high-seats built<br>of green turves. Behind the seat upon the right floated, white<br>on green, a great horse running free; upon the left was a<br>banner, silver upon blue, a ship swan-prowed faring on the<br>sea; but behind the highest throne in the midst of all a great<br>standard was spread in the breeze, and there a white tree<br>flowered upon a sable field beneath a shining crown and<br>the field of cormallen 1249<br>seven glittering stars. On the throne sat a mail-clad man, a<br>great sword was laid across his knees, but he wore no helm.<br>As they drew near he rose. And then they knew him, changed<br>as he was, so high and glad of face, kingly, lord of Men,<br>dark-haired with eyes of grey.<br>Frodo ran to meet him, and Sam followed close behind.<br>\u2018Well, if this isn\u2019t the crown of all!\u2019 he said. \u2018Strider, or I\u2019m<br>still asleep!\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, Sam, Strider,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018It is a long way, is it<br>not, from Bree, where you did not like the look of me? A<br>long way for us all, but yours has been the darkest road.\u2019<br>And then to Sam\u2019s surprise and utter confusion he bowed<br>his knee before them; and taking them by the hand, Frodo<br>upon his right and Sam upon his left, he led them to the<br>throne, and setting them upon it, he turned to the men and<br>captains who stood by and spoke, so that his voice rang over<br>all the host, crying:<br>\u2018Praise them with great praise!\u2019<br>And when the glad shout had swelled up and died away<br>again, to Sam\u2019s final and complete satisfaction and pure joy,<br>a minstrel of Gondor stood forth, and knelt, and begged leave<br>to sing. And behold! he said:<br>\u2018Lo! lords and knights and men of valour unashamed,<br>kings and princes, and fair people of Gondor, and Riders of<br>Rohan, and ye sons of Elrond, and Du\u00b4nedain of the North,<br>and Elf and Dwarf, and greathearts of the Shire, and all free<br>folk of the West, now listen to my lay. For I will sing to you<br>of Frodo of the Nine Fingers and the Ring of Doom.\u2019<br>And when Sam heard that he laughed aloud for sheer<br>delight, and he stood up and cried: \u2018O great glory and<br>splendour! And all my wishes have come true!\u2019 And then<br>he wept.<br>And all the host laughed and wept, and in the midst of<br>their merriment and tears the clear voice of the minstrel<br>rose like silver and gold, and all men were hushed. And he<br>sang to them, now in the elven-tongue, now in the speech<br>of the West, until their hearts, wounded with sweet words,<br>1250 the return of the king<br>overflowed, and their joy was like swords, and they passed in<br>thought out to regions where pain and delight flow together<br>and tears are the very wine of blessedness.<br>And at the last, as the Sun fell from the noon and the<br>shadows of the trees lengthened, he ended. \u2018Praise them<br>with great praise!\u2019 he said and knelt. And then Aragorn<br>stood up, and all the host arose, and they passed to pavilions<br>made ready, to eat and drink and make merry while the day<br>lasted.<br>Frodo and Sam were led apart and brought to a tent, and<br>there their old raiment was taken off, but folded and set<br>aside with honour; and clean linen was given to them. Then<br>Gandalf came and in his arms, to the wonder of Frodo, he<br>bore the sword and the elven-cloak and the mithril-coat that<br>had been taken from him in Mordor. For Sam he brought a<br>coat of gilded mail, and his elven-cloak all healed of the soils<br>and hurts that it had suffered; and then he laid before them<br>two swords.<br>\u2018I do not wish for any sword,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018Tonight at least you should wear one,\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>Then Frodo took the small sword that had belonged to<br>Sam, and had been laid at his side in Cirith Ungol. \u2018Sting I<br>gave to you Sam,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018No, master! Mr. Bilbo gave it to you, and it goes with<br>his silver coat; he would not wish anyone else to wear it<br>now.\u2019<br>Frodo gave way; and Gandalf, as if he were their esquire,<br>knelt and girt the sword-belts about them, and then rising he<br>set circlets of silver upon their heads. And when they were<br>arrayed they went to the great feast; and they sat at the King\u2019s<br>table with Gandalf, and King E\u00b4 omer of Rohan, and the<br>Prince Imrahil and all the chief captains; and there also were<br>Gimli and Legolas.<br>But when, after the Standing Silence, wine was brought<br>there came in two esquires to serve the kings; or so they<br>seemed to be: one was clad in the silver and sable of the<br>the field of cormallen 1251<br>Guards of Minas Tirith, and the other in white and green.<br>But Sam wondered what such young boys were doing in an<br>army of mighty men. Then suddenly as they drew near and<br>he could see them plainly, he exclaimed:<br>\u2018Why, look Mr. Frodo! Look here! Well, if it isn\u2019t Pippin.<br>Mr. Peregrin Took I should say, and Mr. Merry! How they<br>have grown! Bless me! But I can see there\u2019s more tales to tell<br>than ours.\u2019<br>\u2018There are indeed,\u2019 said Pippin turning towards him. \u2018And<br>we\u2019ll begin telling them, as soon as this feast is ended. In the<br>meantime you can try Gandalf. He\u2019s not so close as he used<br>to be, though he laughs now more than he talks. For the<br>present Merry and I are busy. We are knights of the City and<br>of the Mark, as I hope you observe.\u2019<br>At last the glad day ended; and when the Sun was gone<br>and the round Moon rode slowly above the mists of Anduin<br>and flickered through the fluttering leaves, Frodo and Sam<br>sat under the whispering trees amid the fragrance of fair<br>Ithilien; and they talked deep into the night with Merry and<br>Pippin and Gandalf, and after a while Legolas and Gimli<br>joined them. There Frodo and Sam learned much of all that<br>had happened to the Company after their fellowship was<br>broken on the evil day at Parth Galen by Rauros Falls; and<br>still there was always more to ask and more to tell.<br>Orcs, and talking trees, and leagues of grass, and galloping riders, and glittering caves, and white towers and golden<br>halls, and battles, and tall ships sailing, all these passed before<br>Sam\u2019s mind until he felt bewildered. But amidst all these<br>wonders he returned always to his astonishment at the size<br>of Merry and Pippin; and he made them stand back to back<br>with Frodo and himself. He scratched his head. \u2018Can\u2019t understand it at your age!\u2019 he said. \u2018But there it is: you\u2019re three<br>inches taller than you ought to be, or I\u2019m a dwarf.\u2019<br>\u2018That you certainly are not,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018But what did I<br>say? Mortals cannot go drinking ent-draughts and expect no<br>more to come of them than of a pot of beer.\u2019<br>1252 the return of the king<br>\u2018Ent-draughts?\u2019 said Sam. \u2018There you go about Ents again;<br>but what they are beats me. Why, it will take weeks before<br>we get all these things sized up!\u2019<br>\u2018Weeks indeed,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018And then Frodo will have to<br>be locked up in a tower in Minas Tirith and write it all down.<br>Otherwise he will forget half of it, and poor old Bilbo will be<br>dreadfully disappointed.\u2019<br>At length Gandalf rose. \u2018The hands of the King are hands<br>of healing, dear friends,\u2019 he said. \u2018But you went to the very<br>brink of death ere he recalled you, putting forth all his power,<br>and sent you into the sweet forgetfulness of sleep. And though<br>you have indeed slept long and blessedly, still it is now time<br>to sleep again.\u2019<br>\u2018And not only Sam and Frodo here,\u2019 said Gimli, \u2018but you<br>too, Pippin. I love you, if only because of the pains you have<br>cost me, which I shall never forget. Nor shall I forget finding<br>you on the hill of the last battle. But for Gimli the Dwarf you<br>would have been lost then. But at least I know now the look<br>of a hobbit\u2019s foot, though it be all that can be seen under a<br>heap of bodies. And when I heaved that great carcase off<br>you, I made sure you were dead. I could have torn out my<br>beard. And it is only a day yet since you were first up and<br>abroad again. To bed now you go. And so shall I.\u2019<br>\u2018And I,\u2019 said Legolas, \u2018shall walk in the woods of this fair<br>land, which is rest enough. In days to come, if my Elven-lord<br>allows, some of our folk shall remove hither; and when we<br>come it shall be blessed, for a while. For a while: a month, a<br>life, a hundred years of Men. But Anduin is near, and Anduin<br>leads down to the Sea. To the Sea!<br>To the Sea, to the Sea! The white gulls are crying,<br>The wind is blowing, and the white foam is flying.<br>West, west away, the round sun is falling.<br>Grey ship, grey ship, do you hear them calling,<br>The voices of my people that have gone before me?<br>I will leave, I will leave the woods that bore me;<br>the field of cormallen 1253<br>For our days are ending and our years failing.<br>I will pass the wide waters lonely sailing.<br>Long are the waves on the Last Shore falling,<br>Sweet are the voices in the Lost Isle calling,<br>In Eresse\u00a8a, in Elvenhome that no man can discover,<br>Where the leaves fall not: land of my people for ever!\u2019<br>And so singing Legolas went away down the hill.<br>Then the others also departed, and Frodo and Sam went<br>to their beds and slept. And in the morning they rose again<br>in hope and peace; and they spent many days in Ithilien. For<br>the Field of Cormallen, where the host was now encamped,<br>was near to Henneth Annu\u02c6n, and the stream that flowed from<br>its falls could be heard in the night as it rushed down through<br>its rocky gate, and passed through the flowery meads into the<br>tides of Anduin by the Isle of Cair Andros. The hobbits<br>wandered here and there visiting again the places that they<br>had passed before; and Sam hoped always in some shadow<br>of the woods or secret glade to catch, maybe, a glimpse of<br>the great Oliphaunt. And when he learned that at the siege<br>of Gondor there had been a great number of these beasts but<br>that they were all destroyed, he thought it a sad loss.<br>\u2018Well, one can\u2019t be everywhere at once, I suppose,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018But I missed a lot, seemingly.\u2019<br>In the meanwhile the host made ready for the return to<br>Minas Tirith. The weary rested and the hurt were healed.<br>For some had laboured and fought much with the remnants<br>of the Easterlings and Southrons, until all were subdued.<br>And, latest of all, those returned who had passed into Mordor<br>and destroyed the fortresses in the north of the land.<br>But at the last when the month of May was drawing near<br>the Captains of the West set out again; and they went aboard<br>ship with all their men, and they sailed from Cair Andros<br>down Anduin to Osgiliath; and there they remained for one<br>day; and the day after they came to the green fields of the<br>1254 the return of the king<br>Pelennor and saw again the white towers under tall Mindolluin, the City of the Men of Gondor, last memory of Westernesse, that had passed through the darkness and fire to a new<br>day.<br>And there in the midst of the fields they set up their pavilions and awaited the morning; for it was the Eve of May,<br>and the King would enter his gates with the rising of the Sun.<br>Chapter 5<br>THE STEWARD AND THE K ING<br>Over the city of Gondor doubt and great dread had hung.<br>Fair weather and clear sun had seemed but a mockery to men<br>whose days held little hope, and who looked each morning<br>for news of doom. Their lord was dead and burned, dead lay<br>the King of Rohan in their citadel, and the new king that had<br>come to them in the night was gone again to a war with<br>powers too dark and terrible for any might or valour to conquer. And no news came. After the host left Morgul Vale and<br>took the northward road beneath the shadow of the mountains no messenger had returned nor any rumour of what<br>was passing in the brooding East.<br>When the Captains were but two days gone, the Lady<br>E\u00b4 owyn bade the women who tended her to bring her raiment,<br>and she would not be gainsaid, but rose; and when they had<br>clothed her and set her arm in a sling of linen, she went to<br>the Warden of the Houses of Healing.<br>\u2018Sir,\u2019 she said, \u2018I am in great unrest, and I cannot lie longer<br>in sloth.\u2019<br>\u2018Lady,\u2019 he answered, \u2018you are not yet healed, and I was<br>commanded to tend you with especial care. You should not<br>have risen from your bed for seven days yet, or so I was<br>bidden. I beg you to go back.\u2019<br>\u2018I am healed,\u2019 she said, \u2018healed at least in body, save my<br>left arm only, and that is at ease. But I shall sicken anew, if<br>there is naught that I can do. Are there no tidings of war?<br>The women can tell me nothing.\u2019<br>\u2018There are no tidings,\u2019 said the Warden, \u2018save that the<br>Lords have ridden to Morgul Vale; and men say that the new<br>captain out of the North is their chief. A great lord is that,<br>and a healer; and it is a thing passing strange to me that the<br>1256 the return of the king<br>healing hand should also wield the sword. It is not thus in<br>Gondor now, though once it was so, if old tales be true. But<br>for long years we healers have only sought to patch the rents<br>made by the men of swords. Though we should still have<br>enough to do without them: the world is full enough of hurts<br>and mischances without wars to multiply them.\u2019<br>\u2018It needs but one foe to breed a war, not two, Master<br>Warden,\u2019 answered E\u00b4 owyn. \u2018And those who have not swords<br>can still die upon them. Would you have the folk of Gondor<br>gather you herbs only, when the Dark Lord gathers armies?<br>And it is not always good to be healed in body. Nor is it always<br>evil to die in battle, even in bitter pain. Were I permitted, in<br>this dark hour I would choose the latter.\u2019<br>The Warden looked at her. Tall she stood there, her eyes<br>bright in her white face, her right hand clenched as she turned<br>and gazed out of his window that opened to the East. He<br>sighed and shook his head. After a pause she turned to him<br>again.<br>\u2018Is there no deed to do?\u2019 she said. \u2018Who commands in this<br>City?\u2019<br>\u2018I do not rightly know,\u2019 he answered. \u2018Such things are not<br>my care. There is a marshal over the Riders of Rohan; and<br>the Lord Hu\u00b4rin, I am told, commands the men of Gondor.<br>But the Lord Faramir is by right the Steward of the City.\u2019<br>\u2018Where can I find him?\u2019<br>\u2018In this house, lady. He was sorely hurt, but is now set<br>again on the way to health. But I do not know\u2014\u2014\u2019<br>\u2018Will you not bring me to him? Then you will know.\u2019<br>The Lord Faramir was walking alone in the garden of<br>the Houses of Healing, and the sunlight warmed him, and<br>he felt life run new in his veins; but his heart was heavy,<br>and he looked out over the walls eastward. And coming, the<br>Warden spoke his name, and he turned and saw the Lady<br>E\u00b4 owyn of Rohan; and he was moved with pity, for he saw<br>that she was hurt, and his clear sight perceived her sorrow<br>and unrest.<br>the steward and the king 1257<br>\u2018My lord,\u2019 said the Warden, \u2018here is the Lady E\u00b4 owyn of<br>Rohan. She rode with the king and was sorely hurt, and<br>dwells now in my keeping. But she is not content, and she<br>wishes to speak to the Steward of the City.\u2019<br>\u2018Do not misunderstand him, lord,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn. \u2018It is not<br>lack of care that grieves me. No houses could be fairer, for<br>those who desire to be healed. But I cannot lie in sloth, idle,<br>caged. I looked for death in battle. But I have not died, and<br>battle still goes on.\u2019<br>At a sign from Faramir, the Warden bowed and departed.<br>\u2018What would you have me do, lady?\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018I also am<br>a prisoner of the healers.\u2019 He looked at her, and being a man<br>whom pity deeply stirred, it seemed to him that her loveliness<br>amid her grief would pierce his heart. And she looked at him<br>and saw the grave tenderness in his eyes, and yet knew, for<br>she was bred among men of war, that here was one whom<br>no Rider of the Mark would outmatch in battle.<br>\u2018What do you wish?\u2019 he said again. \u2018If it lies in my power,<br>I will do it.\u2019<br>\u2018I would have you command this Warden, and bid him let<br>me go,\u2019 she said; but though her words were still proud, her<br>heart faltered, and for the first time she doubted herself. She<br>guessed that this tall man, both stern and gentle, might think<br>her merely wayward, like a child that has not the firmness of<br>mind to go on with a dull task to the end.<br>\u2018I myself am in the Warden\u2019s keeping,\u2019 answered Faramir.<br>\u2018Nor have I yet taken up my authority in the City. But had I<br>done so, I should still listen to his counsel, and should not<br>cross his will in matters of his craft, unless in some great<br>need.\u2019<br>\u2018But I do not desire healing,\u2019 she said. \u2018I wish to ride to<br>war like my brother E\u00b4 omer, or better like The\u00b4oden the king,<br>for he died and has both honour and peace.\u2019<br>\u2018It is too late, lady, to follow the Captains, even if you had<br>the strength,\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018But death in battle may come to<br>us all yet, willing or unwilling. You will be better prepared to<br>face it in your own manner, if while there is still time you do<br>1258 the return of the king<br>as the Healer commanded. You and I, we must endure with<br>patience the hours of waiting.\u2019<br>She did not answer, but as he looked at her it seemed to<br>him that something in her softened, as though a bitter frost<br>were yielding at the first faint presage of spring. A tear sprang<br>in her eye and fell down her cheek, like a glistening rain-drop.<br>Her proud head drooped a little. Then quietly, more as if<br>speaking to herself than to him: \u2018But the healers would have<br>me lie abed seven days yet,\u2019 she said. \u2018And my window does<br>not look eastward.\u2019 Her voice was now that of a maiden<br>young and sad.<br>Faramir smiled, though his heart was filled with pity. \u2018Your<br>window does not look eastward?\u2019 he said. \u2018That can be<br>amended. In this I will command the Warden. If you will stay<br>in this house in our care, lady, and take your rest, then you<br>shall walk in this garden in the sun, as you will; and you shall<br>look east, whither all our hopes have gone. And here you will<br>find me, walking and waiting, and also looking east. It would<br>ease my care, if you would speak to me, or walk at whiles<br>with me.\u2019<br>Then she raised her head and looked him in the eyes again;<br>and a colour came in her pale face. \u2018How should I ease your<br>care, my lord?\u2019 she said. \u2018And I do not desire the speech of<br>living men.\u2019<br>\u2018Would you have my plain answer?\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018I would.\u2019<br>\u2018Then, E\u00b4 owyn of Rohan, I say to you that you are beautiful.<br>In the valleys of our hills there are flowers fair and bright,<br>and maidens fairer still; but neither flower nor lady have I<br>seen till now in Gondor so lovely, and so sorrowful. It may<br>be that only a few days are left ere darkness falls upon our<br>world, and when it comes I hope to face it steadily; but it<br>would ease my heart, if while the Sun yet shines, I could see<br>you still. For you and I have both passed under the wings of<br>the Shadow, and the same hand drew us back.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas, not me, lord!\u2019 she said. \u2018Shadow lies on me still. Look<br>not to me for healing! I am a shieldmaiden and my hand is<br>the steward and the king 1259<br>ungentle. But I thank you for this at least, that I need not<br>keep to my chamber. I will walk abroad by the grace of the<br>Steward of the City.\u2019 And she did him a courtesy and walked<br>back to the house. But Faramir for a long while walked alone<br>in the garden, and his glance now strayed rather to the house<br>than to the eastward walls.<br>When he returned to his chamber he called for the Warden,<br>and heard all that he could tell of the Lady of Rohan.<br>\u2018But I doubt not, lord,\u2019 said the Warden, \u2018that you would<br>learn more from the Halfling that is with us; for he was in<br>the riding of the king, and with the Lady at the end, they<br>say.\u2019<br>And so Merry was sent to Faramir, and while that day<br>lasted they talked long together, and Faramir learned much,<br>more even than Merry put into words; and he thought that<br>he understood now something of the grief and unrest of<br>E\u00b4 owyn of Rohan. And in the fair evening Faramir and Merry<br>walked in the garden, but she did not come.<br>But in the morning, as Faramir came from the Houses, he<br>saw her, as she stood upon the walls; and she was clad all in<br>white, and gleamed in the sun. And he called to her, and she<br>came down, and they walked on the grass or sat under a<br>green tree together, now in silence, now in speech. And each<br>day after they did likewise. And the Warden looking from his<br>window was glad in heart, for he was a healer, and his care<br>was lightened; and certain it was that, heavy as was the dread<br>and foreboding of those days upon the hearts of men, still<br>these two of his charges prospered and grew daily in strength.<br>And so the fifth day came since the Lady E\u00b4 owyn went first<br>to Faramir; and they stood now together once more upon the<br>walls of the City and looked out. No tidings had yet come,<br>and all hearts were darkened. The weather, too, was bright<br>no longer. It was cold. A wind that had sprung up in the<br>night was blowing now keenly from the North, and it was<br>rising; but the lands about looked grey and drear.<br>They were clad in warm raiment and heavy cloaks, and<br>1260 the return of the king<br>over all the Lady E\u00b4 owyn wore a great blue mantle of the<br>colour of deep summer-night, and it was set with silver stars<br>about hem and throat. Faramir had sent for this robe and<br>had wrapped it about her; and he thought that she looked<br>fair and queenly indeed as she stood there at his side. The<br>mantle was wrought for his mother, Finduilas of Amroth,<br>who died untimely, and was to him but a memory of loveliness in far days and of his first grief; and her robe seemed to<br>him raiment fitting for the beauty and sadness of E\u00b4 owyn.<br>But she now shivered beneath the starry mantle, and she<br>looked northward, above the grey hither lands, into the eye<br>of the cold wind where far away the sky was hard and clear.<br>\u2018What do you look for, E\u00b4 owyn?\u2019 said Faramir.<br>\u2018Does not the Black Gate lie yonder?\u2019 said she. \u2018And must<br>he not now be come thither? It is seven days since he rode<br>away.\u2019<br>\u2018Seven days,\u2019 said Faramir. \u2018But think not ill of me, if I say<br>to you: they have brought me both a joy and a pain that I<br>never thought to know. Joy to see you; but pain, because now<br>the fear and doubt of this evil time are grown dark indeed.<br>E\u00b4 owyn, I would not have this world end now, or lose so soon<br>what I have found.\u2019<br>\u2018Lose what you have found, lord?\u2019 she answered; but she<br>looked at him gravely and her eyes were kind. \u2018I know not<br>what in these days you have found that you could lose. But<br>come, my friend, let us not speak of it! Let us not speak at<br>all! I stand upon some dreadful brink, and it is utterly dark<br>in the abyss before my feet, but whether there is any light<br>behind me I cannot tell. For I cannot turn yet. I wait for some<br>stroke of doom.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, we wait for the stroke of doom,\u2019 said Faramir. And<br>they said no more; and it seemed to them as they stood upon<br>the wall that the wind died, and the light failed, and the Sun<br>was bleared, and all sounds in the City or in the lands about<br>were hushed: neither wind, nor voice, nor bird-call, nor rustle<br>of leaf, nor their own breath could be heard; the very beating<br>of their hearts was stilled. Time halted.<br>the steward and the king 1261<br>And as they stood so, their hands met and clasped, though<br>they did not know it. And still they waited for they knew not<br>what. Then presently it seemed to them that above the ridges<br>of the distant mountains another vast mountain of darkness<br>rose, towering up like a wave that should engulf the world,<br>and about it lightnings flickered; and then a tremor ran<br>through the earth, and they felt the walls of the City quiver.<br>A sound like a sigh went up from all the lands about them;<br>and their hearts beat suddenly again.<br>\u2018It reminds me of Nu\u00b4menor,\u2019 said Faramir, and wondered<br>to hear himself speak.<br>\u2018Of Nu\u00b4menor?\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn.<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Faramir, \u2018of the land of Westernesse that foundered, and of the great dark wave climbing over the green<br>lands and above the hills, and coming on, darkness unescapable. I often dream of it.\u2019<br>\u2018Then you think that the Darkness is coming?\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn.<br>\u2018Darkness Unescapable?\u2019 And suddenly she drew close to<br>him.<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Faramir, looking into her face. \u2018It was but a<br>picture in the mind. I do not know what is happening. The<br>reason of my waking mind tells me that great evil has befallen<br>and we stand at the end of days. But my heart says nay; and<br>all my limbs are light, and a hope and joy are come to me<br>that no reason can deny. E\u00b4 owyn, E\u00b4 owyn, White Lady of<br>Rohan, in this hour I do not believe that any darkness will<br>endure!\u2019 And he stooped and kissed her brow.<br>And so they stood on the walls of the City of Gondor, and<br>a great wind rose and blew, and their hair, raven and golden,<br>streamed out mingling in the air. And the Shadow departed,<br>and the Sun was unveiled, and light leaped forth; and the<br>waters of Anduin shone like silver, and in all the houses of<br>the City men sang for the joy that welled up in their hearts<br>from what source they could not tell.<br>And before the Sun had fallen far from the noon out of<br>the East there came a great Eagle flying, and he bore tidings<br>beyond hope from the Lords of the West, crying:<br>1262 the return of the king<br>Sing now, ye people of the Tower of Anor,<br>for the Realm of Sauron is ended for ever,<br>and the Dark Tower is thrown down.<br>Sing and rejoice, ye people of the Tower of Guard,<br>for your watch hath not been in vain,<br>and the Black Gate is broken,<br>and your King hath passed through,<br>and he is victorious.<br>Sing and be glad, all ye children of the West,<br>for your King shall come again,<br>and he shall dwell among you<br>all the days of your life.<br>And the Tree that was withered shall be renewed,<br>and he shall plant it in the high places,<br>and the City shall be blessed.<br>Sing all ye people!<br>And the people sang in all the ways of the City.<br>The days that followed were golden, and Spring and Summer joined and made revel together in the fields of Gondor.<br>And tidings now came by swift riders from Cair Andros of<br>all that was done, and the City made ready for the coming of<br>the King. Merry was summoned and rode away with the<br>wains that took store of goods to Osgiliath and thence by ship<br>to Cair Andros; but Faramir did not go, for now being healed<br>he took upon him his authority and the Stewardship, although<br>it was only for a little while, and his duty was to prepare for<br>one who should replace him.<br>And E\u00b4 owyn did not go, though her brother sent word<br>begging her to come to the field of Cormallen. And Faramir<br>wondered at this, but he saw her seldom, being busy with<br>many matters; and she dwelt still in the Houses of Healing<br>the steward and the king 1263<br>and walked alone in the garden, and her face grew pale again,<br>and it seemed that in all the City she only was ailing and<br>sorrowful. And the Warden of the Houses was troubled, and<br>he spoke to Faramir.<br>Then Faramir came and sought her, and once more they<br>stood on the walls together; and he said to her: \u2018E\u00b4 owyn, why<br>do you tarry here, and do not go to the rejoicing in Cormallen<br>beyond Cair Andros, where your brother awaits you?\u2019<br>And she said: \u2018Do you not know?\u2019<br>But he answered: \u2018Two reasons there may be, but which<br>is true, I do not know.\u2019<br>And she said: \u2018I do not wish to play at riddles. Speak<br>plainer!\u2019<br>\u2018Then if you will have it so, lady,\u2019 he said: \u2018you do not go,<br>because only your brother called for you, and to look on the<br>Lord Aragorn, Elendil\u2019s heir, in his triumph would now bring<br>you no joy. Or because I do not go, and you desire still to be<br>near me. And maybe for both these reasons, and you yourself<br>cannot choose between them. E\u00b4 owyn, do you not love me,<br>or will you not?\u2019<br>\u2018I wished to be loved by another,\u2019 she answered. \u2018But I<br>desire no man\u2019s pity.\u2019<br>\u2018That I know,\u2019 he said. \u2018You desired to have the love of<br>the Lord Aragorn. Because he was high and puissant, and<br>you wished to have renown and glory and to be lifted far<br>above the mean things that crawl on the earth. And as a great<br>captain may to a young soldier he seemed to you admirable.<br>For so he is, a lord among men, the greatest that now is. But<br>when he gave you only understanding and pity, then you<br>desired to have nothing, unless a brave death in battle. Look<br>at me, E\u00b4 owyn!\u2019<br>And E\u00b4 owyn looked at Faramir long and steadily; and<br>Faramir said: \u2018Do not scorn pity that is the gift of a gentle<br>heart, E\u00b4 owyn! But I do not offer you my pity. For you are a<br>lady high and valiant and have yourself won renown that<br>shall not be forgotten; and you are a lady beautiful, I deem,<br>beyond even the words of the elven-tongue to tell. And I<br>1264 the return of the king<br>love you. Once I pitied your sorrow. But now, were you<br>sorrowless, without fear or any lack, were you the blissful<br>Queen of Gondor, still I would love you. E\u00b4 owyn, do you not<br>love me?\u2019<br>Then the heart of E\u00b4 owyn changed, or else at last she understood it. And suddenly her winter passed, and the sun shone<br>on her.<br>\u2018I stand in Minas Anor, the Tower of the Sun,\u2019 she said;<br>\u2018and behold! the Shadow has departed! I will be a shieldmaiden no longer, nor vie with the great Riders, nor take joy<br>only in the songs of slaying. I will be a healer, and love all<br>things that grow and are not barren.\u2019 And again she looked<br>at Faramir. \u2018No longer do I desire to be a queen,\u2019 she said.<br>Then Faramir laughed merrily. \u2018That is well,\u2019 he said; \u2018for<br>I am not a king. Yet I will wed with the White Lady of Rohan,<br>if it be her will. And if she will, then let us cross the River<br>and in happier days let us dwell in fair Ithilien and there make<br>a garden. All things will grow with joy there, if the White<br>Lady comes.\u2019<br>\u2018Then must I leave my own people, man of Gondor?\u2019 she<br>said. \u2018And would you have your proud folk say of you:<br>\u2018\u2018There goes a lord who tamed a wild shieldmaiden of the<br>North! Was there no woman of the race of Nu\u00b4menor to<br>choose?\u2019\u2019 \u2019<br>\u2018I would,\u2019 said Faramir. And he took her in his arms and<br>kissed her under the sunlit sky, and he cared not that they<br>stood high upon the walls in the sight of many. And many<br>indeed saw them and the light that shone about them as they<br>came down from the walls and went hand in hand to the<br>Houses of Healing.<br>And to the Warden of the Houses Faramir said: \u2018Here is<br>the Lady E\u00b4 owyn of Rohan, and now she is healed.\u2019<br>And the Warden said: \u2018Then I release her from my charge<br>and bid her farewell, and may she suffer never hurt nor<br>sickness again. I commend her to the care of the Steward of<br>the City, until her brother returns.\u2019<br>But E\u00b4 owyn said: \u2018Yet now that I have leave to depart, I<br>the steward and the king 1265<br>would remain. For this House has become to me of all dwellings the most blessed.\u2019 And she remained there until King<br>E\u00b4 omer came.<br>All things were now made ready in the City; and there was<br>great concourse of people, for the tidings had gone out into<br>all parts of Gondor, from Min-Rimmon even to Pinnath<br>Gelin and the far coasts of the sea; and all that could come<br>to the City made haste to come. And the City was filled again<br>with women and fair children that returned to their homes<br>laden with flowers; and from Dol Amroth came the harpers<br>that harped most skilfully in all the land; and there were<br>players upon viols and upon flutes and upon horns of silver,<br>and clear-voiced singers from the vales of Lebennin.<br>At last an evening came when from the walls the pavilions<br>could be seen upon the field, and all night lights were burning<br>as men watched for the dawn. And when the sun rose in the<br>clear morning above the mountains in the East, upon which<br>shadows lay no more, then all the bells rang, and all the<br>banners broke and flowed in the wind; and upon the White<br>Tower of the citadel the standard of the Stewards, bright<br>argent like snow in the sun, bearing no charge nor device,<br>was raised over Gondor for the last time.<br>Now the Captains of the West led their host towards the<br>City, and folk saw them advance in line upon line, flashing<br>and glinting in the sunrise and rippling like silver. And so<br>they came before the Gateway and halted a furlong from the<br>walls. As yet no gates had been set up again, but a barrier<br>was laid across the entrance to the City, and there stood men<br>at arms in silver and black with long swords drawn. Before<br>the barrier stood Faramir the Steward, and Hu\u00b4rin Warden of<br>the Keys, and other captains of Gondor, and the Lady E\u00b4 owyn<br>of Rohan with Elfhelm the Marshal and many knights of the<br>Mark; and upon either side of the Gate was a great press<br>of fair people in raiment of many colours and garlands of<br>flowers.<br>So now there was a wide space before the walls of Minas<br>1266 the return of the king<br>Tirith, and it was hemmed in upon all sides by the knights<br>and the soldiers of Gondor and of Rohan, and by the people<br>of the City and of all parts of the land. A hush fell upon all<br>as out from the host stepped the Du\u00b4nedain in silver and grey;<br>and before them came walking slow the Lord Aragorn. He<br>was clad in black mail girt with silver, and he wore a long<br>mantle of pure white clasped at the throat with a great jewel<br>of green that shone from afar; but his head was bare save for<br>a star upon his forehead bound by a slender fillet of silver.<br>With him were E\u00b4 omer of Rohan, and the Prince Imrahil, and<br>Gandalf robed all in white, and four small figures that many<br>men marvelled to see.<br>\u2018Nay, cousin! they are not boys,\u2019 said Ioreth to her kinswoman from Imloth Melui, who stood beside her. \u2018Those are<br>Periain, out of the far country of the Halflings, where they<br>are princes of great fame, it is said. I should know, for I had<br>one to tend in the Houses. They are small, but they are<br>valiant. Why, cousin, one of them went with only his esquire<br>into the Black Country and fought with the Dark Lord all by<br>himself, and set fire to his Tower, if you can believe it. At<br>least that is the tale in the City. That will be the one that<br>walks with our Elfstone. They are dear friends, I hear. Now<br>he is a marvel, the Lord Elfstone: not too soft in his speech,<br>mind you, but he has a golden heart, as the saying is; and he<br>has the healing hands. \u2018\u2018The hands of the king are the hands<br>of a healer\u2019\u2019, I said; and that was how it was all discovered.<br>And Mithrandir, he said to me: \u2018\u2018Ioreth, men will long<br>remember your words\u2019\u2019, and\u2014\u2014\u2019<br>But Ioreth was not permitted to continue the instruction<br>of her kinswoman from the country, for a single trumpet<br>rang, and a dead silence followed. Then forth from the Gate<br>went Faramir with Hu\u00b4rin of the Keys, and no others, save<br>that behind them walked four men in the high helms and<br>armour of the Citadel, and they bore a great casket of black<br>lebethron bound with silver.<br>Faramir met Aragorn in the midst of those there assembled,<br>and he knelt, and said: \u2018The last Steward of Gondor begs<br>the steward and the king 1267<br>leave to surrender his office.\u2019 And he held out a white rod;<br>but Aragorn took the rod and gave it back, saying: \u2018That<br>office is not ended, and it shall be thine and thy heirs\u2019 as long<br>as my line shall last. Do now thy office!\u2019<br>Then Faramir stood up and spoke in a clear voice: \u2018Men<br>of Gondor, hear now the Steward of this Realm! Behold! one<br>has come to claim the kingship again at last. Here is Aragorn<br>son of Arathorn, chieftain of the Du\u00b4nedain of Arnor, Captain<br>of the Host of the West, bearer of the Star of the North,<br>wielder of the Sword Reforged, victorious in battle, whose<br>hands bring healing, the Elfstone, Elessar of the line of<br>Valandil, Isildur\u2019s son, Elendil\u2019s son of Nu\u00b4menor. Shall he be<br>king and enter into the City and dwell there?\u2019<br>And all the host and all the people cried yea with one voice.<br>And Ioreth said to her kinswoman: \u2018This is just a ceremony<br>such as we have in the City, cousin; for he has already<br>entered, as I was telling you; and he said to me\u2014\u2014\u2019 And<br>then again she was obliged to silence, for Faramir spoke<br>again.<br>\u2018Men of Gondor, the loremasters tell that it was the custom<br>of old that the king should receive the crown from his father<br>ere he died; or if that might not be, that he should go alone<br>and take it from the hands of his father in the tomb where he<br>was laid. But since things must now be done otherwise, using<br>the authority of the Steward, I have today brought hither<br>from Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen the crown of Ea\u00a8rnur the last king, whose<br>days passed in the time of our longfathers of old.\u2019<br>Then the guards stepped forward, and Faramir opened the<br>casket, and he held up an ancient crown. It was shaped like<br>the helms of the Guards of the Citadel, save that it was loftier,<br>and it was all white, and the wings at either side were wrought<br>of pearl and silver in the likeness of the wings of a sea-bird,<br>for it was the emblem of kings who came over the Sea; and<br>seven gems of adamant were set in the circlet, and upon its<br>summit was set a single jewel the light of which went up like<br>a flame.<br>Then Aragorn took the crown and held it up and said:<br>1268 the return of the king<br>Et Ea\u00a8rello Endorenna utu\u00b4lien. Sinome maruvan ar Hildinyar<br>tenn\u2019 Ambar-metta!<br>And those were the words that Elendil spoke when he came<br>up out of the Sea on the wings of the wind: \u2018Out of the Great<br>Sea to Middle-earth I am come. In this place will I abide, and<br>my heirs, unto the ending of the world.\u2019<br>Then to the wonder of many Aragorn did not put the<br>crown upon his head, but gave it back to Faramir, and said:<br>\u2018By the labour and valour of many I have come into my<br>inheritance. In token of this I would have the Ring-bearer<br>bring the crown to me, and let Mithrandir set it upon my<br>head, if he will; for he has been the mover of all that has been<br>accomplished, and this is his victory.\u2019<br>Then Frodo came forward and took the crown from<br>Faramir and bore it to Gandalf; and Aragorn knelt, and<br>Gandalf set the White Crown upon his head, and said:<br>\u2018Now come the days of the King, and may they be blessed<br>while the thrones of the Valar endure!\u2019<br>But when Aragorn arose all that beheld him gazed in<br>silence, for it seemed to them that he was revealed to them<br>now for the first time. Tall as the sea-kings of old, he stood<br>above all that were near; ancient of days he seemed and yet<br>in the flower of manhood; and wisdom sat upon his brow,<br>and strength and healing were in his hands, and a light was<br>about him. And then Faramir cried:<br>\u2018Behold the King!\u2019<br>And in that moment all the trumpets were blown, and<br>the King Elessar went forth and came to the barrier, and<br>Hu\u00b4rin of the Keys thrust it back; and amid the music of<br>harp and of viol and of flute and the singing of clear voices<br>the King passed through the flower-laden streets, and came<br>to the Citadel, and entered in; and the banner of the Tree<br>and the Stars was unfurled upon the topmost tower, and<br>the reign of King Elessar began, of which many songs have<br>told.<br>In his time the City was made more fair than it had ever<br>been, even in the days of its first glory; and it was filled with<br>the steward and the king 1269<br>trees and with fountains, and its gates were wrought of mithril<br>and steel, and its streets were paved with white marble; and<br>the Folk of the Mountain laboured in it, and the Folk of the<br>Wood rejoiced to come there; and all was healed and made<br>good, and the houses were filled with men and women and<br>the laughter of children, and no window was blind nor any<br>courtyard empty; and after the ending of the Third Age of<br>the world into the new age it preserved the memory and the<br>glory of the years that were gone.<br>In the days that followed his crowning the King sat on<br>his throne in the Hall of the Kings and pronounced his judgements. And embassies came from many lands and peoples,<br>from the East and the South, and from the borders of<br>Mirkwood, and from Dunland in the west. And the King<br>pardoned the Easterlings that had given themselves up, and<br>sent them away free, and he made peace with the peoples of<br>Harad; and the slaves of Mordor he released and gave to<br>them all the lands about Lake Nu\u00b4rnen to be their own. And<br>there were brought before him many to receive his praise and<br>reward for their valour; and last the captain of the Guard<br>brought to him Beregond to be judged.<br>And the King said to Beregond: \u2018Beregond, by your sword<br>blood was spilled in the Hallows, where that is forbidden.<br>Also you left your post without leave of Lord or of Captain.<br>For these things, of old, death was the penalty. Now therefore<br>I must pronounce your doom.<br>\u2018All penalty is remitted for your valour in battle, and still<br>more because all that you did was for the love of the<br>Lord Faramir. Nonetheless you must leave the Guard of<br>the Citadel, and you must go forth from the City of Minas<br>Tirith.\u2019<br>Then the blood left Beregond\u2019s face, and he was stricken<br>to the heart and bowed his head. But the King said:<br>\u2018So it must be, for you are appointed to the White Company, the Guard of Faramir, Prince of Ithilien, and you shall<br>be its captain and dwell in Emyn Arnen in honour and peace,<br>1270 the return of the king<br>and in the service of him for whom you risked all, to save<br>him from death.\u2019<br>And then Beregond, perceiving the mercy and justice of the<br>King, was glad, and kneeling kissed his hand, and departed in<br>joy and content. And Aragorn gave to Faramir Ithilien to be<br>his princedom, and bade him dwell in the hills of Emyn<br>Arnen within sight of the City.<br>\u2018For,\u2019 said he, \u2018Minas Ithil in Morgul Vale shall be utterly<br>destroyed, and though it may in time to come be made clean,<br>no man may dwell there for many long years.\u2019<br>And last of all Aragorn greeted E\u00b4 omer of Rohan, and they<br>embraced, and Aragorn said: \u2018Between us there can be no<br>word of giving or taking, nor of reward; for we are brethren.<br>In happy hour did Eorl ride from the North, and never has<br>any league of peoples been more blessed, so that neither has<br>ever failed the other, nor shall fail. Now, as you know, we<br>have laid The\u00b4oden the Renowned in a tomb in the Hallows,<br>and there he shall lie for ever among the Kings of Gondor, if<br>you will. Or if you desire it, we will come to Rohan and bring<br>him back to rest with his own people.\u2019<br>And E\u00b4 omer answered: \u2018Since the day when you rose before<br>me out of the green grass of the downs I have loved you, and<br>that love shall not fail. But now I must depart for a while to<br>my own realm, where there is much to heal and set in order.<br>But as for the Fallen, when all is made ready we will return<br>for him; but here let him sleep a while.\u2019<br>And E\u00b4 owyn said to Faramir: \u2018Now I must go back to my<br>own land and look on it once again, and help my brother in<br>his labour; but when one whom I long loved as father is laid<br>at last to rest, I will return.\u2019<br>So the glad days passed; and on the eighth day of May the<br>Riders of Rohan made ready, and rode off by the North-way,<br>and with them went the sons of Elrond. All the road was<br>lined with people to do them honour and praise them, from<br>the Gate of the City to the walls of the Pelennor. Then all<br>others that dwelt afar went back to their homes rejoicing; but<br>the steward and the king 1271<br>in the City there was labour of many willing hands to rebuild<br>and renew and to remove all the scars of war and the memory<br>of the darkness.<br>The hobbits still remained in Minas Tirith, with Legolas<br>and Gimli; for Aragorn was loth for the fellowship to be<br>dissolved. \u2018At last all such things must end,\u2019 he said, \u2018but I<br>would have you wait a little while longer: for the end of the<br>deeds that you have shared in has not yet come. A day draws<br>near that I have looked for in all the years of my manhood,<br>and when it comes I would have my friends beside me.\u2019 But<br>of that day he would say no more.<br>In those days the Companions of the Ring dwelt together<br>in a fair house with Gandalf, and they went to and fro as they<br>wished. And Frodo said to Gandalf: \u2018Do you know what this<br>day is that Aragorn speaks of ? For we are happy here, and I<br>don\u2019t wish to go; but the days are running away, and Bilbo<br>is waiting; and the Shire is my home.\u2019<br>\u2018As for Bilbo,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018he is waiting for the same<br>day, and he knows what keeps you. And as for the passing<br>of the days, it is now only May and high summer is not yet<br>in; and though all things may seem changed, as if an age of<br>the world had gone by, yet to the trees and the grass it is less<br>than a year since you set out.\u2019<br>\u2018Pippin,\u2019 said Frodo, \u2018didn\u2019t you say that Gandalf was less<br>close than of old? He was weary of his labours then, I think.<br>Now he is recovering.\u2019<br>And Gandalf said: \u2018Many folk like to know beforehand<br>what is to be set on the table; but those who have laboured<br>to prepare the feast like to keep their secret; for wonder makes<br>the words of praise louder. And Aragorn himself waits for a<br>sign.\u2019<br>There came a day when Gandalf could not be found, and<br>the Companions wondered what was going forward. But<br>Gandalf took Aragorn out from the City by night, and he<br>brought him to the southern feet of Mount Mindolluin; and<br>there they found a path made in ages past that few now dared<br>1272 the return of the king<br>to tread. For it led up on to the mountain to a high hallow<br>where only the kings had been wont to go. And they went up<br>by steep ways, until they came to a high field below the<br>snows that clad the lofty peaks, and it looked down over the<br>precipice that stood behind the City. And standing there they<br>surveyed the lands, for the morning was come; and they saw<br>the towers of the City far below them like white pencils<br>touched by the sunlight, and all the Vale of Anduin was like<br>a garden, and the Mountains of Shadow were veiled in a<br>golden mist. Upon the one side their sight reached to the<br>grey Emyn Muil, and the glint of Rauros was like a star<br>twinkling far off; and upon the other side they saw the River<br>like a ribbon laid down to Pelargir, and beyond that was a<br>light on the hem of the sky that spoke of the Sea.<br>And Gandalf said: \u2018This is your realm, and the heart of the<br>greater realm that shall be. The Third Age of the world is<br>ended, and the new age is begun; and it is your task to order<br>its beginning and to preserve what may be preserved. For<br>though much has been saved, much must now pass away;<br>and the power of the Three Rings also is ended. And all the<br>lands that you see, and those that lie round about them, shall<br>be dwellings of Men. For the time comes of the Dominion<br>of Men, and the Elder Kindred shall fade or depart.\u2019<br>\u2018I know it well, dear friend,\u2019 said Aragorn; \u2018but I would still<br>have your counsel.\u2019<br>\u2018Not for long now,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018The Third Age was my<br>age. I was the Enemy of Sauron; and my work is finished. I<br>shall go soon. The burden must lie now upon you and your<br>kindred.\u2019<br>\u2018But I shall die,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018For I am a mortal man, and<br>though being what I am and of the race of the West<br>unmingled, I shall have life far longer than other men, yet<br>that is but a little while; and when those who are now in the<br>wombs of women are born and have grown old, I too shall<br>grow old. And who then shall govern Gondor and those who<br>look to this City as to their queen, if my desire be not granted?<br>The Tree in the Court of the Fountain is still withered and<br>the steward and the king 1273<br>barren. When shall I see a sign that it will ever be otherwise?\u2019<br>\u2018Turn your face from the green world, and look where all<br>seems barren and cold!\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>Then Aragorn turned, and there was a stony slope behind<br>him running down from the skirts of the snow; and as he<br>looked he was aware that alone there in the waste a growing<br>thing stood. And he climbed to it, and saw that out of the<br>very edge of the snow there sprang a sapling tree no more<br>than three foot high. Already it had put forth young leaves<br>long and shapely, dark above and silver beneath, and upon<br>its slender crown it bore one small cluster of flowers whose<br>white petals shone like the sunlit snow.<br>Then Aragorn cried: \u2018Ye\u00b4! utu\u00b4vienyes! I have found it! Lo!<br>here is a scion of the Eldest of Trees! But how comes it here?<br>For it is not itself yet seven years old.\u2019<br>And Gandalf coming looked at it, and said: \u2018Verily this is<br>a sapling of the line of Nimloth the fair; and that was a<br>seedling of Galathilion, and that a fruit of Telperion of many<br>names, Eldest of Trees. Who shall say how it comes here in<br>the appointed hour? But this is an ancient hallow, and ere<br>the kings failed or the Tree withered in the court, a fruit must<br>have been set here. For it is said that, though the fruit of the<br>Tree comes seldom to ripeness, yet the life within may then<br>lie sleeping through many long years, and none can foretell<br>the time in which it will awake. Remember this. For if ever a<br>fruit ripens, it should be planted, lest the line die out of the<br>world. Here it has lain hidden on the mountain, even as the<br>race of Elendil lay hidden in the wastes of the North. Yet<br>the line of Nimloth is older far than your line, King Elessar.\u2019<br>Then Aragorn laid his hand gently to the sapling, and lo!<br>it seemed to hold only lightly to the earth, and it was removed<br>without hurt; and Aragorn bore it back to the Citadel. Then<br>the withered tree was uprooted, but with reverence; and they<br>did not burn it, but laid it to rest in the silence of Rath<br>D\u0131\u00b4nen. And Aragorn planted the new tree in the court by the<br>fountain, and swiftly and gladly it began to grow; and when<br>the month of June entered in it was laden with blossom.<br>1274 the return of the king<br>\u2018The sign has been given,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018and the day is<br>not far off.\u2019 And he set watchmen upon the walls.<br>It was the day before Midsummer when messengers came<br>from Amon D\u0131\u02c6n to the City, and they said that there was a<br>riding of fair folk out of the North, and they drew near now<br>to the walls of the Pelennor. And the King said: \u2018At last they<br>have come. Let all the City be made ready!\u2019<br>Upon the very Eve of Midsummer, when the sky was<br>blue as sapphire and white stars opened in the East, but the<br>West was still golden, and the air was cool and fragrant, the<br>riders came down the North-way to the gates of Minas Tirith.<br>First rode Elrohir and Elladan with a banner of silver, and<br>then came Glorfindel and Erestor and all the household of<br>Rivendell, and after them came the Lady Galadriel and<br>Celeborn, Lord of Lothlo\u00b4rien, riding upon white steeds and<br>with them many fair folk of their land, grey-cloaked with<br>white gems in their hair; and last came Master Elrond, mighty<br>among Elves and Men, bearing the sceptre of Annu\u00b4minas,<br>and beside him upon a grey palfrey rode Arwen his daughter,<br>Evenstar of her people.<br>And Frodo when he saw her come glimmering in the<br>evening, with stars on her brow and a sweet fragrance about<br>her, was moved with great wonder, and he said to Gandalf:<br>\u2018At last I understand why we have waited! This is the ending.<br>Now not day only shall be beloved, but night too shall be<br>beautiful and blessed and all its fear pass away!\u2019<br>Then the King welcomed his guests, and they alighted;<br>and Elrond surrendered the sceptre, and laid the hand of his<br>daughter in the hand of the King, and together they went up<br>into the High City, and all the stars flowered in the sky. And<br>Aragorn the King Elessar wedded Arwen Undo\u00b4miel in the<br>City of the Kings upon the day of Midsummer, and the tale<br>of their long waiting and labours was come to fulfilment.<br>Chapter 6<br>MANY PARTINGS<br>When the days of rejoicing were over at last the Companions<br>thought of returning to their own homes. And Frodo went to<br>the King as he was sitting with the Queen Arwen by the<br>fountain, and she sang a song of Valinor, while the Tree grew<br>and blossomed. They welcomed Frodo and rose to greet him;<br>and Aragorn said:<br>\u2018I know what you have come to say, Frodo: you wish to<br>return to your own home. Well, dearest friend, the tree grows<br>best in the land of its sires; but for you in all the lands of the<br>West there will ever be a welcome. And though your people<br>have had little fame in the legends of the great, they will now<br>have more renown than many wide realms that are no more.\u2019<br>\u2018It is true that I wish to go back to the Shire,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018But first I must go to Rivendell. For if there could be anything wanting in a time so blessed, I missed Bilbo; and I was<br>grieved when among all the household of Elrond I saw that<br>he was not come.\u2019<br>\u2018Do you wonder at that, Ring-bearer?\u2019 said Arwen. \u2018For<br>you know the power of that thing which is now destroyed;<br>and all that was done by that power is now passing away. But<br>your kinsman possessed this thing longer than you. He is<br>ancient in years now, according to his kind; and he awaits<br>you, for he will not again make any long journey save one.\u2019<br>\u2018Then I beg leave to depart soon,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018In seven days we will go,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018For we shall ride<br>with you far on the road, even as far as the country of Rohan.<br>In three days now E\u00b4 omer will return hither to bear The\u00b4oden<br>back to rest in the Mark, and we shall ride with him to honour<br>the fallen. But now before you go I will confirm the words<br>that Faramir spoke to you, and you are made free for ever of<br>1276 the return of the king<br>the realm of Gondor; and all your companions likewise. And<br>if there were any gifts that I could give to match with your<br>deeds you should have them; but whatever you desire you<br>shall take with you, and you shall ride in honour and arrayed<br>as princes of the land.\u2019<br>But the Queen Arwen said: \u2018A gift I will give you. For I<br>am the daughter of Elrond. I shall not go with him now when<br>he departs to the Havens; for mine is the choice of Lu\u00b4thien,<br>and as she so have I chosen, both the sweet and the bitter.<br>But in my stead you shall go, Ring-bearer, when the time<br>comes, and if you then desire it. If your hurts grieve you still<br>and the memory of your burden is heavy, then you may pass<br>into the West, until all your wounds and weariness are healed.<br>But wear this now in memory of Elfstone and Evenstar with<br>whom your life has been woven!\u2019<br>And she took a white gem like a star that lay upon her<br>breast hanging upon a silver chain, and she set the chain<br>about Frodo\u2019s neck. \u2018When the memory of the fear and the<br>darkness troubles you,\u2019 she said, \u2018this will bring you aid.\u2019<br>In three days, as the King had said, E\u00b4 omer of Rohan came<br>riding to the City, and with him came an e\u00b4ored of the fairest<br>knights of the Mark. He was welcomed; and when they sat<br>all at table in Merethrond, the Great Hall of Feasts, he beheld<br>the beauty of the ladies that he saw and was filled with great<br>wonder. And before he went to his rest he sent for Gimli the<br>Dwarf, and he said to him: \u2018Gimli Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son, have you your<br>axe ready?\u2019<br>\u2018Nay, lord,\u2019 said Gimli, \u2018but I can speedily fetch it, if there<br>be need.\u2019<br>\u2018You shall judge,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018For there are certain rash<br>words concerning the Lady in the Golden Wood that lie still<br>between us. And now I have seen her with my eyes.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, lord,\u2019 said Gimli, \u2018and what say you now?\u2019<br>\u2018Alas!\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018I will not say that she is the fairest lady<br>that lives.\u2019<br>\u2018Then I must go for my axe,\u2019 said Gimli.<br>many partings 1277<br>\u2018But first I will plead this excuse,\u2019 said E\u00b4 omer. \u2018Had I seen<br>her in other company, I would have said all that you could<br>wish. But now I will put Queen Arwen Evenstar first, and I<br>am ready to do battle on my own part with any who deny<br>me. Shall I call for my sword?\u2019<br>Then Gimli bowed low. \u2018Nay, you are excused for my<br>part, lord,\u2019 he said. \u2018You have chosen the Evening; but my<br>love is given to the Morning. And my heart forebodes that<br>soon it will pass away for ever.\u2019<br>At last the day of departure came, and a great and fair<br>company made ready to ride north from the City. Then the<br>kings of Gondor and Rohan went to the Hallows and they<br>came to the tombs in Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen, and they bore away King<br>The\u00b4oden upon a golden bier, and passed through the City in<br>silence. Then they laid the bier upon a great wain with Riders<br>of Rohan all about it and his banner borne before; and Merry<br>being The\u00b4oden\u2019s esquire rode upon the wain and kept the<br>arms of the king.<br>For the other Companions steeds were furnished according<br>to their stature; and Frodo and Samwise rode at Aragorn\u2019s<br>side, and Gandalf rode upon Shadowfax, and Pippin rode<br>with the knights of Gondor; and Legolas and Gimli as ever<br>rode together upon Arod.<br>In that riding went also Queen Arwen, and Celeborn and<br>Galadriel with their folk, and Elrond and his sons; and the<br>princes of Dol Amroth and of Ithilien, and many captains<br>and knights. Never had any king of the Mark such company<br>upon the road as went with The\u00b4oden Thengel\u2019s son to the<br>land of his home.<br>Without haste and at peace they passed into Ano\u00b4rien, and<br>they came to the Grey Wood under Amon D\u0131\u02c6n; and there<br>they heard a sound as of drums beating in the hills, though<br>no living thing could be seen. Then Aragorn let the trumpets<br>be blown; and heralds cried:<br>\u2018Behold, the King Elessar is come! The Forest of Dru\u00b4adan<br>he gives to Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n and to his folk, to be their own<br>1278 the return of the king<br>for ever; and hereafter let no man enter it without their leave!\u2019<br>Then the drums rolled loudly, and were silent.<br>At length after fifteen days of journey the wain of King<br>The\u00b4oden passed through the green fields of Rohan and came<br>to Edoras; and there they all rested. The Golden Hall was<br>arrayed with fair hangings and it was filled with light, and<br>there was held the highest feast that it had known since the<br>days of its building. For after three days the Men of the Mark<br>prepared the funeral of The\u00b4oden; and he was laid in a house<br>of stone with his arms and many other fair things that he had<br>possessed, and over him was raised a great mound, covered<br>with green turves of grass and of white evermind. And now<br>there were eight mounds on the east-side of the Barrowfield.<br>Then the Riders of the King\u2019s House upon white horses<br>rode round about the barrow and sang together a song of<br>The\u00b4oden Thengel\u2019s son that Gle\u00b4owine his minstrel made,<br>and he made no other song after. The slow voices of the<br>Riders stirred the hearts even of those who did not know the<br>speech of that people; but the words of the song brought a<br>light to the eyes of the folk of the Mark as they heard again<br>afar the thunder of the hooves of the North and the voice of<br>Eorl crying above the battle upon the Field of Celebrant; and<br>the tale of the kings rolled on, and the horn of Helm was loud<br>in the mountains, until the Darkness came and King The\u00b4oden<br>arose and rode through the Shadow to the fire, and died in<br>splendour, even as the Sun, returning beyond hope, gleamed<br>upon Mindolluin in the morning.<br>Out of doubt, out of dark, to the day\u2019s rising<br>he rode singing in the sun, sword unsheathing.<br>Hope he rekindled, and in hope ended;<br>over death, over dread, over doom lifted<br>out of loss, out of life, unto long glory.<br>But Merry stood at the foot of the green mound, and he<br>wept, and when the song was ended he arose and cried:<br>many partings 1279<br>\u2018The\u00b4oden King, The\u00b4oden King! Farewell! As a father you<br>were to me, for a little while. Farewell!\u2019<br>When the burial was over and the weeping of women was<br>stilled, and The\u00b4oden was left at last alone in his barrow, then<br>folk gathered to the Golden Hall for the great feast and put<br>away sorrow; for The\u00b4oden had lived to full years and ended<br>in honour no less than the greatest of his sires. And when the<br>time came that in the custom of the Mark they should drink<br>to the memory of the kings, E\u00b4 owyn Lady of Rohan came<br>forth, golden as the sun and white as snow, and she bore a<br>filled cup to E\u00b4 omer.<br>Then a minstrel and loremaster stood up and named all<br>the names of the Lords of the Mark in their order: Eorl the<br>Young; and Brego builder of the Hall; and Aldor brother of<br>Baldor the hapless; and Fre\u00b4a, and Fre\u00b4awine, and Goldwine,<br>and De\u00b4or, and Gram; and Helm who lay hid in Helm\u2019s Deep<br>when the Mark was overrun; and so ended the nine mounds<br>of the west-side, for in that time the line was broken, and<br>after came the mounds of the east-side: Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f, Helm\u2019s sisterson, and Le\u00b4ofa, and Walda, and Folca, and Folcwine, and<br>Fengel, and Thengel, and The\u00b4oden the latest. And when<br>The\u00b4oden was named E\u00b4 omer drained the cup. Then E\u00b4 owyn<br>bade those that served to fill the cups, and all there assembled<br>rose and drank to the new king, crying: \u2018Hail, E\u00b4 omer, King<br>of the Mark!\u2019<br>At the last when the feast drew to an end E\u00b4 omer arose and<br>said: \u2018Now this is the funeral feast of The\u00b4oden the King; but<br>I will speak ere we go of tidings of joy, for he would not<br>grudge that I should do so, since he was ever a father to<br>E\u00b4 owyn my sister. Hear then all my guests, fair folk of many<br>realms, such as have never before been gathered in this hall!<br>Faramir, Steward of Gondor, and Prince of Ithilien, asks that<br>E\u00b4 owyn Lady of Rohan should be his wife, and she grants<br>it full willing. Therefore they shall be trothplighted before<br>you all.\u2019<br>And Faramir and E\u00b4 owyn stood forth and set hand in hand;<br>1280 the return of the king<br>and all there drank to them and were glad. \u2018Thus,\u2019 said<br>E\u00b4 omer, \u2018is the friendship of the Mark and of Gondor bound<br>with a new bond, and the more do I rejoice.\u2019<br>\u2018No niggard are you, E\u00b4 omer,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018to give thus<br>to Gondor the fairest thing in your realm!\u2019<br>Then E\u00b4 owyn looked in the eyes of Aragorn, and she said:<br>\u2018Wish me joy, my liege-lord and healer!\u2019<br>And he answered: \u2018I have wished thee joy ever since first I<br>saw thee. It heals my heart to see thee now in bliss.\u2019<br>When the feast was over, those who were to go took leave<br>of King E\u00b4 omer. Aragorn and his knights, and the people of<br>Lo\u00b4rien and of Rivendell, made ready to ride; but Faramir<br>and Imrahil remained at Edoras; and Arwen Evenstar remained also, and she said farewell to her brethren. None saw<br>her last meeting with Elrond her father, for they went<br>up into the hills and there spoke long together, and bitter<br>was their parting that should endure beyond the ends of the<br>world.<br>At the last before the guests set out E\u00b4 omer and E\u00b4 owyn<br>came to Merry, and they said: \u2018Farewell now, Meriadoc of<br>the Shire and Holdwine of the Mark! Ride to good fortune,<br>and ride back soon to our welcome!\u2019<br>And E\u00b4 omer said: \u2018Kings of old would have laden you with<br>gifts that a wain could not bear for your deeds upon the fields<br>of Mundburg; and yet you will take naught, you say, but the<br>arms that were given to you. This I suffer, for indeed I have<br>no gift that is worthy; but my sister begs you to receive this<br>small thing, as a memorial of Dernhelm and of the horns of<br>the Mark at the coming of the morning.\u2019<br>Then E\u00b4 owyn gave to Merry an ancient horn, small but<br>cunningly wrought all of fair silver with a baldric of green;<br>and wrights had engraven upon it swift horsemen riding in a<br>line that wound about it from the tip to the mouth; and there<br>were set runes of great virtue.<br>\u2018This is an heirloom of our house,\u2019 said E\u00b4 owyn. \u2018It was<br>made by the Dwarves, and came from the hoard of Scatha<br>many partings 1281<br>the Worm. Eorl the Young brought it from the North. He<br>that blows it at need shall set fear in the hearts of his enemies<br>and joy in the hearts of his friends, and they shall hear him<br>and come to him.\u2019<br>Then Merry took the horn, for it could not be refused, and<br>he kissed E\u00b4 owyn\u2019s hand; and they embraced him, and so they<br>parted for that time.<br>Now the guests were ready, and they drank the stirrup-cup,<br>and with great praise and friendship they departed, and came<br>at length to Helm\u2019s Deep, and there they rested two days.<br>Then Legolas repaid his promise to Gimli and went with him<br>to the Glittering Caves; and when they returned he was silent,<br>and would say only that Gimli alone could find fit words to<br>speak of them. \u2018And never before has a Dwarf claimed a<br>victory over an Elf in a contest of words,\u2019 said he. \u2018Now<br>therefore let us go to Fangorn and set the score right!\u2019<br>From Deeping-coomb they rode to Isengard, and saw how<br>the Ents had busied themselves. All the stone-circle had been<br>thrown down and removed, and the land within was made<br>into a garden filled with orchards and trees, and a stream<br>ran through it; but in the midst of all there was a lake of<br>clear water, and out of it the Tower of Orthanc rose still,<br>tall and impregnable, and its black rock was mirrored in the<br>pool.<br>For a while the travellers sat where once the old gates of<br>Isengard had stood, and there were now two tall trees like<br>sentinels at the beginning of a green-bordered path that ran<br>towards Orthanc; and they looked in wonder at the work that<br>had been done, but no living thing could they see far or near.<br>But presently they heard a voice calling hoom-hom, hoom-hom;<br>and there came Treebeard striding down the path to greet<br>them with Quickbeam at his side.<br>\u2018Welcome to the Treegarth of Orthanc!\u2019 he said. \u2018I knew<br>that you were coming, but I was at work up the valley; there<br>is much still to be done. But you have not been idle either<br>away in the south and the east, I hear; and all that I hear is<br>1282 the return of the king<br>good, very good.\u2019 Then Treebeard praised all their deeds, of<br>which he seemed to have full knowledge; and at last he<br>stopped and looked long at Gandalf.<br>\u2018Well, come now!\u2019 he said. \u2018You have proved mightiest,<br>and all your labours have gone well. Where now would you<br>be going? And why do you come here?\u2019<br>\u2018To see how your work goes, my friend,\u2019 said Gandalf,<br>\u2018and to thank you for your aid in all that has been achieved.\u2019<br>\u2018Hoom, well, that is fair enough,\u2019 said Treebeard; \u2018for to be<br>sure Ents have played their part. And not only in dealing with<br>that, hoom, that accursed tree-slayer that dwelt here. For there<br>was a great inrush of those, bura\u00b4rum, those evileyed-blackhanded -bowlegged-flinthearted-clawfingered &#8211; foulbelliedblood-thirsty, morimaite-sincahonda, hoom, well, since you are<br>hasty folk and their full name is as long as years of torment,<br>those vermin of orcs; and they came over the River and down<br>from the North and all round the wood of Laurelindo\u00b4renan,<br>which they could not get into, thanks to the Great ones who<br>are here.\u2019 He bowed to the Lord and Lady of Lo\u00b4rien.<br>\u2018And these same foul creatures were more than surprised<br>to meet us out on the Wold, for they had not heard of us<br>before; though that might be said also of better folk. And not<br>many will remember us, for not many escaped us alive, and<br>the River had most of those. But it was well for you, for if<br>they had not met us, then the king of the grassland would<br>not have ridden far, and if he had there would have been no<br>home to return to.\u2019<br>\u2018We know it well,\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018and never shall it be<br>forgotten in Minas Tirith or in Edoras.\u2019<br>\u2018Never is too long a word even for me,\u2019 said Treebeard.<br>\u2018Not while your kingdoms last, you mean; but they will have<br>to last long indeed to seem long to Ents.\u2019<br>\u2018The New Age begins,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018and in this age it<br>may well prove that the kingdoms of Men shall outlast you,<br>Fangorn my friend. But now come tell me: what of the task<br>that I set you? How is Saruman? Is he not weary of Orthanc<br>many partings 1283<br>yet? For I do not suppose that he will think you have<br>improved the view from his windows.\u2019<br>Treebeard gave Gandalf a long look, almost a cunning<br>look, Merry thought. \u2018Ah!\u2019 he said. \u2018I thought you would<br>come to that. Weary of Orthanc? Very weary at last; but not<br>so weary of his tower as he was weary of my voice. Hoom! I<br>gave him some long tales, or at least what might be thought<br>long in your speech.\u2019<br>\u2018Then why did he stay to listen? Did you go into Orthanc?\u2019<br>asked Gandalf.<br>\u2018Hoom, no, not into Orthanc!\u2019 said Treebeard. \u2018But he came<br>to his window and listened, because he could not get news<br>in any other way, and though he hated the news, he was<br>greedy to have it; and I saw that he heard it all. But I added<br>a great many things to the news that it was good for him to<br>think of. He grew very weary. He always was hasty. That was<br>his ruin.\u2019<br>\u2018I observe, my good Fangorn,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018that with<br>great care you say dwelt, was, grew. What about is? Is he<br>dead?\u2019<br>\u2018No, not dead, so far as I know,\u2019 said Treebeard. \u2018But he<br>is gone. Yes, he is gone seven days. I let him go. There<br>was little left of him when he crawled out, and as for that<br>worm-creature of his, he was like a pale shadow. Now do<br>not tell me, Gandalf, that I promised to keep him safe; for<br>I know it. But things have changed since then. And I kept<br>him until he was safe, safe from doing any more harm. You<br>should know that above all I hate the caging of live things,<br>and I will not keep even such creatures as these caged beyond great need. A snake without fangs may crawl where<br>he will.\u2019<br>\u2018You may be right,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018but this snake had still<br>one tooth left, I think. He had the poison of his voice, and I<br>guess that he persuaded you, even you Treebeard, knowing<br>the soft spot in your heart. Well, he is gone, and there is no<br>more to be said. But the Tower of Orthanc now goes back<br>1284 the return of the king<br>to the King, to whom it belongs. Though maybe he will not<br>need it.\u2019<br>\u2018That will be seen later,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018But I will give to<br>Ents all this valley to do with as they will, so long as they<br>keep a watch upon Orthanc and see that none enter it without<br>my leave.\u2019<br>\u2018It is locked,\u2019 said Treebeard. \u2018I made Saruman lock it and<br>give me the keys. Quickbeam has them.\u2019<br>Quickbeam bowed like a tree bending in the wind and<br>handed to Aragorn two great black keys of intricate shape,<br>joined by a ring of steel. \u2018Now I thank you once more,\u2019 said<br>Aragorn, \u2018and I bid you farewell. May your forest grow again<br>in peace. When this valley is filled there is room and to spare<br>west of the mountains, where once you walked long ago.\u2019<br>Treebeard\u2019s face became sad. \u2018Forests may grow,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018Woods may spread. But not Ents. There are no Entings.\u2019<br>\u2018Yet maybe there is now more hope in your search,\u2019 said<br>Aragorn. \u2018Lands will lie open to you eastward that have long<br>been closed.\u2019<br>But Treebeard shook his head and said: \u2018It is far to go.<br>And there are too many Men there in these days. But I am<br>forgetting my manners! Will you stay here and rest a while?<br>And maybe there are some that would be pleased to pass<br>through Fangorn Forest and so shorten their road home?\u2019 He<br>looked at Celeborn and Galadriel.<br>But all save Legolas said that they must now take their<br>leave and depart either south or west. \u2018Come, Gimli!\u2019 said<br>Legolas. \u2018Now by Fangorn\u2019s leave I will visit the deep places<br>of the Entwood and see such trees as are nowhere else to be<br>found in Middle-earth. You shall come with me and keep<br>your word; and thus we will journey on together to our own<br>lands in Mirkwood and beyond.\u2019 To this Gimli agreed,<br>though with no great delight, it seemed.<br>\u2018Here then at last comes the ending of the Fellowship of<br>the Ring,\u2019 said Aragorn. \u2018Yet I hope that ere long you will<br>return to my land with the help that you promised.\u2019<br>\u2018We will come, if our own lords allow it,\u2019 said Gimli. \u2018Well,<br>many partings 1285<br>farewell, my hobbits! You should come safe to your own<br>homes now, and I shall not be kept awake for fear of your<br>peril. We will send word when we may, and some of us may<br>yet meet at times; but I fear that we shall not all be gathered<br>together ever again.\u2019<br>Then Treebeard said farewell to each of them in turn, and<br>he bowed three times slowly and with great reverence to<br>Celeborn and Galadriel. \u2018It is long, long since we met by<br>stock or by stone, A vanimar, vanima\u00b4lion nostari!\u2019 he said. \u2018It<br>is sad that we should meet only thus at the ending. For the<br>world is changing: I feel it in the water, I feel it in the earth,<br>and I smell it in the air. I do not think we shall meet again.\u2019<br>And Celeborn said: \u2018I do not know, Eldest.\u2019 But Galadriel<br>said: \u2018Not in Middle-earth, nor until the lands that lie under<br>the wave are lifted up again. Then in the willow-meads of<br>Tasarinan we may meet in the Spring. Farewell!\u2019<br>Last of all Merry and Pippin said good-bye to the old Ent,<br>and he grew gayer as he looked at them. \u2018Well, my merry<br>folk,\u2019 he said, \u2018will you drink another draught with me before<br>you go?\u2019<br>\u2018Indeed we will,\u2019 they said, and he took them aside into the<br>shade of one of the trees, and there they saw that a great<br>stone jar had been set. And Treebeard filled three bowls, and<br>they drank; and they saw his strange eyes looking at them<br>over the rim of his bowl. \u2018Take care, take care!\u2019 he said. \u2018For<br>you have already grown since I saw you last.\u2019 And they<br>laughed and drained their bowls.<br>\u2018Well, good-bye!\u2019 he said. \u2018And don\u2019t forget that if you hear<br>any news of the Entwives in your land, you will send word<br>to me.\u2019 Then he waved his great hands to all the company<br>and went off into the trees.<br>The travellers now rode with more speed, and they made<br>their way towards the Gap of Rohan; and Aragorn took leave<br>of them at last close to that very place where Pippin had<br>looked into the Stone of Orthanc. The Hobbits were grieved<br>1286 the return of the king<br>at this parting; for Aragorn had never failed them and he had<br>been their guide through many perils.<br>\u2018I wish we could have a Stone that we could see all our<br>friends in,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018and that we could speak to them<br>from far away!\u2019<br>\u2018Only one now remains that you could use,\u2019 answered<br>Aragorn; \u2018for you would not wish to see what the Stone of<br>Minas Tirith would show you. But the Palant\u0131\u00b4r of Orthanc<br>the King will keep, to see what is passing in his realm, and<br>what his servants are doing. For do not forget, Peregrin Took,<br>that you are a knight of Gondor, and I do not release you<br>from your service. You are going now on leave, but I may<br>recall you. And remember, dear friends of the Shire, that my<br>realm lies also in the North, and I shall come there one day.\u2019<br>Then Aragorn took leave of Celeborn and Galadriel; and<br>the Lady said to him: \u2018Elfstone, through darkness you have<br>come to your hope, and have now all your desire. Use well<br>the days!\u2019<br>But Celeborn said: \u2018Kinsman, farewell! May your doom be<br>other than mine, and your treasure remain with you to the<br>end!\u2019<br>With that they parted, and it was then the time of sunset;<br>and when after a while they turned and looked back, they<br>saw the King of the West sitting upon his horse with his<br>knights about him; and the falling Sun shone upon them and<br>made all their harness to gleam like red gold, and the white<br>mantle of Aragorn was turned to a flame. Then Aragorn took<br>the green stone and held it up, and there came a green fire<br>from his hand.<br>Soon the dwindling company, following the Isen, turned<br>west and rode through the Gap into the waste lands beyond,<br>and then they turned northwards, and passed over the<br>borders of Dunland. The Dunlendings fled and hid themselves, for they were afraid of Elvish folk, though few indeed<br>ever came to their country; but the travellers did not heed<br>them, for they were still a great company and were well<br>many partings 1287<br>provided with all that they needed; and they went on their<br>way at their leisure, setting up their tents when they would.<br>On the sixth day since their parting from the King they<br>journeyed through a wood climbing down from the hills at<br>the feet of the Misty Mountains that now marched on their<br>right hand. As they came out again into the open country at<br>sundown they overtook an old man leaning on a staff, and<br>he was clothed in rags of grey or dirty white, and at his heels<br>went another beggar, slouching and whining.<br>\u2018Well Saruman!\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Where are you going?\u2019<br>\u2018What is that to you?\u2019 he answered. \u2018Will you still order my<br>goings, and are you not content with my ruin?\u2019<br>\u2018You know the answers,\u2019 said Gandalf: \u2018no and no. But in<br>any case the time of my labours now draws to an end. The<br>King has taken on the burden. If you had waited at Orthanc,<br>you would have seen him, and he would have shown you<br>wisdom and mercy.\u2019<br>\u2018Then all the more reason to have left sooner,\u2019 said<br>Saruman; \u2018for I desire neither of him. Indeed if you wish for<br>an answer to your first question, I am seeking a way out of<br>his realm.\u2019<br>\u2018Then once more you are going the wrong way,\u2019 said<br>Gandalf, \u2018and I see no hope in your journey. But will you<br>scorn our help? For we offer it to you.\u2019<br>\u2018To me?\u2019 said Saruman. \u2018Nay, pray do not smile at me! I<br>prefer your frowns. And as for the Lady here, I do not trust<br>her: she always hated me, and schemed for your part. I do<br>not doubt that she has brought you this way to have the<br>pleasure of gloating over my poverty. Had I been warned of<br>your pursuit, I would have denied you the pleasure.\u2019<br>\u2018Saruman,\u2019 said Galadriel, \u2018we have other errands and other<br>cares that seem to us more urgent than hunting for you. Say<br>rather that you are overtaken by good fortune; for now you<br>have a last chance.\u2019<br>\u2018If it be truly the last, I am glad,\u2019 said Saruman; \u2018for I shall<br>be spared the trouble of refusing it again. All my hopes are<br>ruined, but I would not share yours. If you have any.\u2019<br>1288 the return of the king<br>For a moment his eyes kindled. \u2018Go!\u2019 he said. \u2018I did not<br>spend long study on these matters for naught. You have<br>doomed yourselves, and you know it. And it will afford me<br>some comfort as I wander to think that you pulled down your<br>own house when you destroyed mine. And now, what ship<br>will bear you back across so wide a sea?\u2019 he mocked. \u2018It will<br>be a grey ship, and full of ghosts.\u2019 He laughed, but his voice<br>was cracked and hideous.<br>\u2018Get up, you idiot!\u2019 he shouted to the other beggar, who<br>had sat down on the ground; and he struck him with his staff.<br>\u2018Turn about! If these fine folk are going our way, then we<br>will take another. Get on, or I\u2019ll give you no crust for your<br>supper!\u2019<br>The beggar turned and slouched past whimpering: \u2018Poor<br>old Gr\u0131\u00b4ma! Poor old Gr\u0131\u00b4ma! Always beaten and cursed. How<br>I hate him! I wish I could leave him!\u2019<br>\u2018Then leave him!\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>But Wormtongue only shot a glance of his bleared eyes full<br>of terror at Gandalf, and then shuffled quickly past behind<br>Saruman. As the wretched pair passed by the company they<br>came to the hobbits, and Saruman stopped and stared at<br>them; but they looked at him with pity.<br>\u2018So you have come to gloat too, have you, my urchins?\u2019 he<br>said. \u2018You don\u2019t care what a beggar lacks, do you? For you<br>have all you want, food and fine clothes, and the best weed<br>for your pipes. Oh yes, I know! I know where it comes from.<br>You would not give a pipeful to a beggar, would you?\u2019<br>\u2018I would, if I had any,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018You can have what I have got left,\u2019 said Merry, \u2018if you will<br>wait a moment.\u2019 He got down and searched in the bag at his<br>saddle. Then he handed to Saruman a leather pouch. \u2018Take<br>what there is,\u2019 he said. \u2018You are welcome to it; it came from<br>the flotsam of Isengard.\u2019<br>\u2018Mine, mine, yes and dearly bought!\u2019 cried Saruman,<br>clutching at the pouch. \u2018This is only a repayment in token;<br>for you took more, I\u2019ll be bound. Still, a beggar must be<br>grateful, if a thief returns him even a morsel of his own. Well,<br>many partings 1289<br>it will serve you right when you come home, if you find things<br>less good in the Southfarthing than you would like. Long<br>may your land be short of leaf!\u2019<br>\u2018Thank you!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018In that case I will have my pouch<br>back, which is not yours and has journeyed far with me.<br>Wrap the weed in a rag of your own.\u2019<br>\u2018One thief deserves another,\u2019 said Saruman, and turned his<br>back on Merry, and kicked Wormtongue, and went away<br>towards the wood.<br>\u2018Well, I like that!\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Thief indeed! What of our<br>claim for waylaying, wounding, and orc-dragging us through<br>Rohan?\u2019<br>\u2018Ah!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018And bought he said. How, I wonder?<br>And I didn\u2019t like the sound of what he said about the Southfarthing. It\u2019s time we got back.\u2019<br>\u2018I\u2019m sure it is,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018But we can\u2019t go any quicker, if<br>we are to see Bilbo. I am going to Rivendell first, whatever<br>happens.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I think you had better do that,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018But<br>alas for Saruman! I fear nothing more can be made of him.<br>He has withered altogether. All the same, I am not sure that<br>Treebeard is right: I fancy he could do some mischief still in<br>a small mean way.\u2019<br>Next day they went on into northern Dunland, where no<br>men now dwelt, though it was a green and pleasant country.<br>September came in with golden days and silver nights, and<br>they rode at ease until they reached the Swanfleet river, and<br>found the old ford, east of the falls where it went down<br>suddenly into the lowlands. Far to the west in a haze lay<br>the meres and eyots through which it wound its way to the<br>Greyflood: there countless swans housed in a land of reeds.<br>So they passed into Eregion, and at last a fair morning<br>dawned, shimmering above gleaming mists; and looking from<br>their camp on a low hill the travellers saw away in the east<br>the Sun catching three peaks that thrust up into the sky<br>through floating clouds: Caradhras, Celebdil, and Fanuidhol.<br>They were near to the Gates of Moria.<br>1290 the return of the king<br>Here now for seven days they tarried, for the time was at<br>hand for another parting which they were loth to make. Soon<br>Celeborn and Galadriel and their folk would turn eastward,<br>and so pass by the Redhorn Gate and down the Dimrill<br>Stair to the Silverlode and to their own country. They had<br>journeyed thus far by the west-ways, for they had much to<br>speak of with Elrond and with Gandalf, and here they lingered still in converse with their friends. Often long after the<br>hobbits were wrapped in sleep they would sit together under<br>the stars, recalling the ages that were gone and all their joys<br>and labours in the world, or holding council, concerning the<br>days to come. If any wanderer had chanced to pass, little<br>would he have seen or heard, and it would have seemed to<br>him only that he saw grey figures, carved in stone, memorials<br>of forgotten things now lost in unpeopled lands. For they did<br>not move or speak with mouth, looking from mind to mind;<br>and only their shining eyes stirred and kindled as their<br>thoughts went to and fro.<br>But at length all was said, and they parted again for a while,<br>until it was time for the Three Rings to pass away. Quickly<br>fading into the stones and the shadows the grey-cloaked<br>people of Lo\u00b4rien rode towards the mountains; and those who<br>were going to Rivendell sat on the hill and watched, until<br>there came out of the gathering mist a flash; and then they<br>saw no more. Frodo knew that Galadriel had held aloft her<br>ring in token of farewell.<br>Sam turned away and sighed: \u2018I wish I was going back to<br>Lo\u00b4rien!\u2019<br>At last one evening they came over the high moors, suddenly as to travellers it always seemed, to the brink of the<br>deep valley of Rivendell and saw far below the lamps shining<br>in Elrond\u2019s house. And they went down and crossed the<br>bridge and came to the doors, and all the house was filled<br>with light and song for joy at Elrond\u2019s homecoming.<br>First of all, before they had eaten or washed or even<br>shed their cloaks, the hobbits went in search of Bilbo. They<br>found him all alone in his little room. It was littered with<br>many partings 1291<br>papers and pens and pencils; but Bilbo was sitting in a chair<br>before a small bright fire. He looked very old, but peaceful,<br>and sleepy.<br>He opened his eyes and looked up as they came in. \u2018Hullo,<br>hullo!\u2019 he said. \u2018So you\u2019ve come back? And tomorrow\u2019s my<br>birthday, too. How clever of you! Do you know, I shall be<br>one hundred and twenty-nine? And in one year more, if I am<br>spared, I shall equal the Old Took. I should like to beat him;<br>but we shall see.\u2019<br>After the celebration of Bilbo\u2019s birthday the four hobbits<br>stayed in Rivendell for some days, and they sat much with<br>their old friend, who spent most of his time now in his room,<br>except at meals. For these he was still very punctual as a rule,<br>and he seldom failed to wake up in time for them. Sitting<br>round the fire they told him in turn all that they could remember of their journeys and adventures. At first he pretended to<br>take some notes; but he often fell asleep; and when he woke<br>he would say: \u2018How splendid! How wonderful! But where<br>were we?\u2019 Then they went on with the story from the point<br>where he had begun to nod.<br>The only part that seemed really to rouse him and hold his<br>attention was the account of the crowning and marriage of<br>Aragorn. \u2018I was invited to the wedding, of course,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018And I have waited for it long enough. But somehow, when<br>it came to it, I found I had so much to do here; and packing<br>is such a bother.\u2019<br>When nearly a fortnight had passed Frodo looked out of<br>his window and saw that there had been a frost in the night,<br>and the cobwebs were like white nets. Then suddenly he knew<br>that he must go, and say good-bye to Bilbo. The weather was<br>still calm and fair, after one of the most lovely summers that<br>people could remember; but October had come, and it must<br>break soon and begin to rain and blow again. And there was<br>still a very long way to go. Yet it was not really the thought<br>of the weather that stirred him. He had a feeling that it was<br>1292 the return of the king<br>time he went back to the Shire. Sam shared it. Only the night<br>before he had said:<br>\u2018Well, Mr. Frodo, we\u2019ve been far and seen a deal, and yet<br>I don\u2019t think we\u2019ve found a better place than this. There\u2019s<br>something of everything here, if you understand me: the Shire<br>and the Golden Wood and Gondor and kings\u2019 houses and<br>inns and meadows and mountains all mixed. And yet, somehow, I feel we ought to be going soon. I\u2019m worried about my<br>gaffer, to tell you the truth.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, something of everything, Sam, except the Sea,\u2019 Frodo<br>had answered; and he repeated it now to himself: \u2018Except<br>the Sea.\u2019<br>That day Frodo spoke to Elrond, and it was agreed that<br>they should leave the next morning. To their delight Gandalf<br>said: \u2018I think I shall come too. At least as far as Bree. I want<br>to see Butterbur.\u2019<br>In the evening they went to say good-bye to Bilbo. \u2018Well,<br>if you must go, you must,\u2019 he said. \u2018I am sorry. I shall miss<br>you. It is nice just to know that you are about the place. But<br>I am getting very sleepy.\u2019 Then he gave Frodo his mithril-coat<br>and Sting, forgetting that he had already done so; and he<br>gave him also three books of lore that he had made at various<br>times, written in his spidery hand, and labelled on their red<br>backs: Translations from the Elvish, by B.B.<br>To Sam he gave a little bag of gold. \u2018Almost the last drop<br>of the Smaug vintage,\u2019 he said. \u2018May come in useful, if you<br>think of getting married, Sam.\u2019 Sam blushed.<br>\u2018I have nothing much to give to you young fellows,\u2019 he said<br>to Merry and Pippin, \u2018except good advice.\u2019 And when he had<br>given them a fair sample of this, he added a last item in<br>Shire-fashion: \u2018Don\u2019t let your heads get too big for your hats!<br>But if you don\u2019t finish growing up soon, you are going to<br>find hats and clothes expensive.\u2019<br>\u2018But if you want to beat the Old Took,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018I<br>don\u2019t see why we shouldn\u2019t try and beat the Bullroarer.\u2019<br>Bilbo laughed, and he produced out of a pocket two beautiful pipes with pearl mouth-pieces and bound with fine-<br>many partings 1293<br>wrought silver. \u2018Think of me when you smoke them!\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018The Elves made them for me, but I don\u2019t smoke now.\u2019 And<br>then suddenly he nodded and went to sleep for a little; and<br>when he woke up again he said: \u2018Now where were we? Yes,<br>of course, giving presents. Which reminds me: what\u2019s become<br>of my ring, Frodo, that you took away?\u2019<br>\u2018I have lost it, Bilbo dear,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018I got rid of it, you<br>know.\u2019<br>\u2018What a pity!\u2019 said Bilbo. \u2018I should have liked to see it again.<br>But no, how silly of me! That\u2019s what you went for, wasn\u2019t it:<br>to get rid of it? But it is all so confusing, for such a lot of<br>other things seem to have got mixed up with it: Aragorn\u2019s<br>affairs, and the White Council, and Gondor, and the Horsemen, and Southrons, and oliphaunts \u2013 did you really see one,<br>Sam? \u2013 and caves and towers and golden trees, and goodness<br>knows what besides.<br>\u2018I evidently came back by much too straight a road from<br>my trip. I think Gandalf might have shown me round a bit.<br>But then the auction would have been over before I got back,<br>and I should have had even more trouble than I did. Anyway<br>it\u2019s too late now; and really I think it\u2019s much more comfortable<br>to sit here and hear about it all. The fire\u2019s very cosy here,<br>and the food\u2019s very good, and there are Elves when you want<br>them. What more could one want?<br>The Road goes ever on and on<br>Out from the door where it began.<br>Now far ahead the Road has gone,<br>Let others follow it who can!<br>Let them a journey new begin,<br>But I at last with weary feet<br>Will turn towards the lighted inn,<br>My evening-rest and sleep to meet.\u2019<br>And as Bilbo murmured the last words his head dropped<br>on his chest and he slept soundly.<br>1294 the return of the king<br>The evening deepened in the room, and the firelight<br>burned brighter; and they looked at Bilbo as he slept and saw<br>that his face was smiling. For some time they sat in silence;<br>and then Sam looking round at the room and the shadows<br>flickering on the walls, said softly:<br>\u2018I don\u2019t think, Mr. Frodo, that he\u2019s done much writing<br>while we\u2019ve been away. He won\u2019t ever write our story now.\u2019<br>At that Bilbo opened an eye, almost as if he had heard.<br>Then he roused himself. \u2018You see, I am getting so sleepy,\u2019 he<br>said. \u2018And when I have time to write, I only really like writing<br>poetry. I wonder, Frodo my dear fellow, if you would very<br>much mind tidying things up a bit before you go? Collect all<br>my notes and papers, and my diary too, and take them with<br>you, if you will. You see, I haven\u2019t much time for the selection<br>and the arrangement and all that. Get Sam to help, and when<br>you\u2019ve knocked things into shape, come back, and I\u2019ll run<br>over it. I won\u2019t be too critical.\u2019<br>\u2018Of course I\u2019ll do it!\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018And of course I\u2019ll come<br>back soon: it won\u2019t be dangerous any more. There is a real<br>king now, and he will soon put the roads in order.\u2019<br>\u2018Thank you, my dear fellow!\u2019 said Bilbo. \u2018That really is a<br>very great relief to my mind.\u2019 And with that he fell asleep<br>again.<br>The next day Gandalf and the hobbits took leave of Bilbo<br>in his room, for it was cold out of doors; and then they said<br>farewell to Elrond and all his household.<br>As Frodo stood upon the threshold, Elrond wished him a<br>fair journey, and blessed him, and he said:<br>\u2018I think, Frodo, that maybe you will not need to come back,<br>unless you come very soon. For about this time of the year,<br>when the leaves are gold before they fall, look for Bilbo in<br>the woods of the Shire. I shall be with him.\u2019<br>These words no one else heard, and Frodo kept them to<br>himself.<br>Chapter 7<br>HOMEWARD BOUND<br>At last the hobbits had their faces turned towards home. They<br>were eager now to see the Shire again; but at first they rode<br>only slowly, for Frodo had been ill at ease. When they came<br>to the Ford of Bruinen, he had halted, and seemed loth to<br>ride into the stream; and they noted that for a while his eyes<br>appeared not to see them or things about him. All that day<br>he was silent. It was the sixth of October.<br>\u2018Are you in pain, Frodo?\u2019 said Gandalf quietly as he rode<br>by Frodo\u2019s side.<br>\u2018Well, yes I am,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018It is my shoulder. The wound<br>aches, and the memory of darkness is heavy on me. It was a<br>year ago today.\u2019<br>\u2018Alas! there are some wounds that cannot be wholly cured,\u2019<br>said Gandalf.<br>\u2018I fear it may be so with mine,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018There is no<br>real going back. Though I may come to the Shire, it will not<br>seem the same; for I shall not be the same. I am wounded<br>with knife, sting, and tooth, and a long burden. Where shall<br>I find rest?\u2019<br>Gandalf did not answer.<br>By the end of the next day the pain and unease had passed,<br>and Frodo was merry again, as merry as if he did not remember the blackness of the day before. After that the journey<br>went well, and the days went quickly by; for they rode at<br>leisure, and often they lingered in the fair woodlands where<br>the leaves were red and yellow in the autumn sun. At length<br>they came to Weathertop; and it was then drawing towards<br>evening and the shadow of the hill lay dark on the road. Then<br>Frodo begged them to hasten, and he would not look towards<br>1296 the return of the king<br>the hill, but rode through its shadow with head bowed and<br>cloak drawn close about him. That night the weather<br>changed, and a wind came from the West laden with rain,<br>and it blew loud and chill, and the yellow leaves whirled like<br>birds in the air. When they came to the Chetwood already<br>the boughs were almost bare, and a great curtain of rain<br>veiled Bree-hill from their sight.<br>So it was that near the end of a wild and wet evening in<br>the last days of October the five travellers rode up the climbing road and came to the South-gate of Bree. It was locked<br>fast; and the rain blew in their faces, and in the darkening<br>sky low clouds went hurrying by, and their hearts sank a little,<br>for they had expected more welcome.<br>When they had called many times, at last the Gate-keeper<br>came out, and they saw that he carried a great cudgel. He<br>looked at them with fear and suspicion; but when he saw that<br>Gandalf was there, and that his companions were hobbits, in<br>spite of their strange gear, then he brightened and wished<br>them welcome.<br>\u2018Come in!\u2019 he said, unlocking the gate. \u2018We won\u2019t stay for<br>news out here in the cold and the wet, a ruffianly evening.<br>But old Barley will no doubt give you a welcome at The Pony,<br>and there you\u2019ll hear all there is to hear.\u2019<br>\u2018And there you\u2019ll hear later all that we say, and more,\u2019<br>laughed Gandalf. \u2018How is Harry?\u2019<br>The Gate-keeper scowled. \u2018Gone,\u2019 he said. \u2018But you\u2019d best<br>ask Barliman. Good evening!\u2019<br>\u2018Good evening to you!\u2019 they said, and passed through;<br>and then they noticed that behind the hedge at the roadside a long low hut had been built, and a number of men<br>had come out and were staring at them over the fence. When<br>they came to Bill Ferny\u2019s house they saw that the hedge<br>there was tattered and unkempt, and the windows were all<br>boarded up.<br>\u2018Do you think you killed him with that apple, Sam?\u2019 said<br>Pippin.<br>\u2018I\u2019m not so hopeful, Mr. Pippin,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018But I\u2019d like to<br>homeward bound 1297<br>know what became of that poor pony. He\u2019s been on my mind<br>many a time, and the wolves howling and all.\u2019<br>At last they came to The Prancing Pony, and that at least<br>looked outwardly unchanged; and there were lights behind<br>the red curtains in the lower windows. They rang the bell,<br>and Nob came to the door, and opened it a crack and peeped<br>through; and when he saw them standing under the lamp he<br>gave a cry of surprise.<br>\u2018Mr. Butterbur! Master!\u2019 he shouted. \u2018They\u2019ve come back!\u2019<br>\u2018Oh have they? I\u2019ll learn them,\u2019 came Butterbur\u2019s voice,<br>and out he came with a rush, and he had a club in his hand.<br>But when he saw who they were he stopped short, and the<br>black scowl on his face changed to wonder and delight.<br>\u2018Nob, you woolly-pated ninny!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Can\u2019t you give<br>old friends their names? You shouldn\u2019t go scaring me like<br>that, with times as they are. Well, well! And where have you<br>come from? I never expected to see any of you folk again,<br>and that\u2019s a fact: going off into the Wild with that Strider,<br>and all those Black Men about. But I\u2019m right glad to see<br>you, and none more than Gandalf. Come in! Come in! The<br>same rooms as before? They\u2019re free. Indeed most rooms are<br>empty these days, as I\u2019ll not hide from you, for you\u2019ll find it<br>out soon enough. And I\u2019ll see what can be done about supper,<br>as soon as may be; but I\u2019m short-handed at present. Hey,<br>Nob you slowcoach! Tell Bob! Ah, but there I\u2019m forgetting,<br>Bob\u2019s gone: goes home to his folk at nightfall now. Well, take<br>the guests\u2019 ponies to the stables, Nob! And you\u2019ll be taking<br>your horse to his stable yourself, Gandalf, I don\u2019t doubt. A<br>fine beast, as I said when I first set eyes on him. Well, come<br>in! Make yourselves at home!\u2019<br>Mr. Butterbur had at any rate not changed his manner<br>of talking, and still seemed to live in his old breathless<br>bustle. And yet there was hardly anybody about, and all<br>was quiet; from the Common Room there came a low murmur of no more than two or three voices. And seen closer in<br>the light of two candles that he lit and carried before them<br>1298 the return of the king<br>the landlord\u2019s face looked rather wrinkled and careworn.<br>He led them down the passage to the parlour that they had<br>used on that strange night more than a year ago; and they<br>followed him, a little disquieted, for it seemed plain to them<br>that old Barliman was putting a brave face on some trouble.<br>Things were not what they had been. But they said nothing,<br>and waited.<br>As they expected Mr. Butterbur came to the parlour after<br>supper to see if all had been to their liking. As indeed it had:<br>no change for the worse had yet come upon the beer or the<br>victuals at The Pony, at any rate. \u2018Now I won\u2019t make so<br>bold as to suggest you should come to the Common Room<br>tonight,\u2019 said Butterbur. \u2018You\u2019ll be tired; and there isn\u2019t many<br>folk there this evening, anyway. But if you could spare me<br>half an hour before you go to your beds, I would dearly like<br>to have some talk with you, quiet-like by ourselves.\u2019<br>\u2018That is just what we should like, too,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018We<br>are not tired. We have been taking things easy. We were wet,<br>cold and hungry, but all that you have cured. Come, sit down!<br>And if you have any pipe-weed, we\u2019ll bless you.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, if you\u2019d called for anything else, I\u2019d have been happier,\u2019 said Butterbur. \u2018That\u2019s just a thing that we\u2019re short of,<br>seeing how we\u2019ve only got what we grow ourselves, and that\u2019s<br>not enough. There\u2019s none to be had from the Shire these<br>days. But I\u2019ll do what I can.\u2019<br>When he came back he brought them enough to last them<br>for a day or two, a wad of uncut leaf. \u2018Southlinch,\u2019 he said,<br>\u2018and the best we have; but not the match of Southfarthing,<br>as I\u2019ve always said, though I\u2019m all for Bree in most matters,<br>begging your pardon.\u2019<br>They put him in a large chair by the wood-fire, and<br>Gandalf sat on the other side of the hearth, and the hobbits<br>in low chairs between them; and then they talked for many<br>times half an hour, and exchanged all such news as Mr.<br>Butterbur wished to hear or give. Most of the things which<br>they had to tell were a mere wonder and bewilderment to<br>their host, and far beyond his vision; and they brought forth<br>homeward bound 1299<br>few comments other than: \u2018You don\u2019t say,\u2019 often repeated in<br>defiance of the evidence of Mr. Butterbur\u2019s own ears. \u2018You<br>don\u2019t say, Mr. Baggins, or is it Mr. Underhill? I\u2019m getting so<br>mixed up. You don\u2019t say, Master Gandalf! Well I never!<br>Who\u2019d have thought it in our times!\u2019<br>But he did say much on his own account. Things were<br>far from well, he would say. Business was not even fair, it<br>was downright bad. \u2018No one comes nigh Bree now from<br>Outside,\u2019 he said. \u2018And the inside folks, they stay at home<br>mostly and keep their doors barred. It all comes of those<br>newcomers and gangrels that began coming up the Greenway<br>last year, as you may remember; but more came later. Some<br>were just poor bodies running away from trouble; but most<br>were bad men, full o\u2019 thievery and mischief. And there was<br>trouble right here in Bree, bad trouble. Why, we had a real<br>set-to, and there were some folk killed, killed dead! If you\u2019ll<br>believe me.\u2019<br>\u2018I will indeed,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018How many?\u2019<br>\u2018Three and two,\u2019 said Butterbur, referring to the big folk<br>and the little. \u2018There was poor Mat Heathertoes, and Rowlie<br>Appledore, and little Tom Pickthorn from over the Hill; and<br>Willie Banks from up-away, and one of the Underhills from<br>Staddle: all good fellows, and they\u2019re missed. And Harry<br>Goatleaf that used to be on the West-gate, and that Bill Ferny,<br>they came in on the strangers\u2019 side, and they\u2019ve gone off with<br>them; and it\u2019s my belief they let them in. On the night of the<br>fight, I mean. And that was after we showed them the gates<br>and pushed them out: before the year\u2019s end, that was; and<br>the fight was early in the New Year, after the heavy snow<br>we had.<br>\u2018And now they\u2019re gone for robbers and live outside, hiding<br>in the woods beyond Archet, and out in the wilds north-away.<br>It\u2019s like a bit of the bad old times tales tell of, I say. It isn\u2019t<br>safe on the road and nobody goes far, and folk lock up early.<br>We have to keep watchers all round the fence and put a lot<br>of men on the gates at nights.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, no one troubled us,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018and we came along<br>1300 the return of the king<br>slowly, and kept no watch. We thought we\u2019d left all trouble<br>behind us.\u2019<br>\u2018Ah, that you haven\u2019t, Master, more\u2019s the pity,\u2019 said<br>Butterbur. \u2018But it\u2019s no wonder they left you alone. They<br>wouldn\u2019t go for armed folk, with swords and helmets and<br>shields and all. Make them think twice, that would. And I<br>must say it put me aback a bit when I saw you.\u2019<br>Then the hobbits suddenly realized that people had looked<br>at them with amazement not out of surprise at their return<br>so much as in wonder at their gear. They themselves had<br>become so used to warfare and to riding in well-arrayed<br>companies that they had quite forgotten that the bright mail<br>peeping from under their cloaks, and the helms of Gondor<br>and the Mark, and the fair devices on their shields, would<br>seem outlandish in their own country. And Gandalf, too, was<br>now riding on his tall grey horse, all clad in white with a<br>great mantle of blue and silver over all, and the long sword<br>Glamdring at his side.<br>Gandalf laughed. \u2018Well, well,\u2019 he said, \u2018if they are afraid of<br>just five of us, then we have met worse enemies on our travels.<br>But at any rate they will give you peace at night while we<br>stay.\u2019<br>\u2018How long will that be?\u2019 said Butterbur. \u2018I\u2019ll not deny we<br>should be glad to have you about for a bit. You see, we\u2019re<br>not used to such troubles; and the Rangers have all gone<br>away, folk tell me. I don\u2019t think we\u2019ve rightly understood till<br>now what they did for us. For there\u2019s been worse than robbers<br>about. Wolves were howling round the fences last winter.<br>And there\u2019s dark shapes in the woods, dreadful things that<br>it makes the blood run cold to think of. It\u2019s been very<br>disturbing, if you understand me.\u2019<br>\u2018I expect it has,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Nearly all lands have been<br>disturbed these days, very disturbed. But cheer up, Barliman!<br>You have been on the edge of very great troubles, and I am<br>only glad to hear that you have not been deeper in. But better<br>times are coming. Maybe, better than any you remember.<br>The Rangers have returned. We came back with them. And<br>homeward bound 1301<br>there is a king again, Barliman. He will soon be turning his<br>mind this way.<br>\u2018Then the Greenway will be opened again, and his messengers will come north, and there will be comings and goings,<br>and the evil things will be driven out of the waste-lands.<br>Indeed the waste in time will be waste no longer, and there<br>will be people and fields where once there was wilderness.\u2019<br>Mr. Butterbur shook his head. \u2018If there\u2019s a few decent<br>respectable folk on the roads, that won\u2019t do no harm,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018But we don\u2019t want no more rabble and ruffians. And we don\u2019t<br>want no outsiders at Bree, nor near Bree at all. We want to<br>be let alone. I don\u2019t want a whole crowd o\u2019 strangers camping<br>here and settling there and tearing up the wild country.\u2019<br>\u2018You will be let alone, Barliman,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018There is<br>room enough for realms between Isen and Greyflood, or<br>along the shore-lands south of the Brandywine, without anyone living within many days\u2019 ride of Bree. And many folk<br>used to dwell away north, a hundred miles or more from<br>here, at the far end of the Greenway: on the North Downs<br>or by Lake Evendim.\u2019<br>\u2018Up away by Deadmen\u2019s Dike?\u2019 said Butterbur, looking<br>even more dubious. \u2018That\u2019s haunted land, they say. None<br>but a robber would go there.\u2019<br>\u2018The Rangers go there,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Deadmen\u2019s Dike,<br>you say. So it has been called for long years; but its right<br>name, Barliman, is Fornost Erain, Norbury of the Kings.<br>And the King will come there again one day; and then you\u2019ll<br>have some fair folk riding through.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, that sounds more hopeful, I\u2019ll allow,\u2019 said Butterbur.<br>\u2018And it will be good for business, no doubt. So long as he<br>lets Bree alone.\u2019<br>\u2018He will,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018He knows it and loves it.\u2019<br>\u2018Does he now?\u2019 said Butterbur looking puzzled. \u2018Though<br>I\u2019m sure I don\u2019t know why he should, sitting in his big chair<br>up in his great castle, hundreds of miles away. And drinking<br>wine out of a golden cup, I shouldn\u2019t wonder. What\u2019s The<br>Pony to him, or mugs o\u2019 beer? Not but what my beer\u2019s good,<br>1302 the return of the king<br>Gandalf. It\u2019s been uncommon good, since you came in the<br>autumn of last year and put a good word on it. And that\u2019s<br>been a comfort in trouble, I will say.\u2019<br>\u2018Ah!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018But he says your beer is always good.\u2019<br>\u2018He says?\u2019<br>\u2018Of course he does. He\u2019s Strider. The chief of the Rangers.<br>Haven\u2019t you got that into your head yet?\u2019<br>It went in at last, and Butterbur\u2019s face was a study in<br>wonder. The eyes in his broad face grew round, and his<br>mouth opened wide, and he gasped. \u2018Strider!\u2019 he exclaimed<br>when he got back his breath. \u2018Him with a crown and all and<br>a golden cup! Well, what are we coming to?\u2019<br>\u2018Better times, for Bree at any rate,\u2019 said Gandalf.<br>\u2018I hope so, I\u2019m sure,\u2019 said Butterbur. \u2018Well, this has been<br>the nicest chat I\u2019ve had in a month of Mondays. And I\u2019ll not<br>deny that I\u2019ll sleep easier tonight and with a lighter heart.<br>You\u2019ve given me a powerful lot to think over, but I\u2019ll put that<br>off until tomorrow. I\u2019m for bed, and I\u2019ve no doubt you\u2019ll be<br>glad of your beds too. Hey, Nob!\u2019 he called, going to the<br>door. \u2018Nob, you slowcoach!\u2019<br>\u2018Nob!\u2019 he said to himself, slapping his forehead. \u2018Now what<br>does that remind me of ?\u2019<br>\u2018Not another letter you\u2019ve forgotten, I hope, Mr.<br>Butterbur?\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018Now, now, Mr. Brandybuck, don\u2019t go reminding me of<br>that! But there, you\u2019ve broken my thought. Now where was<br>I? Nob, stables, ah! that was it. I\u2019ve something that belongs<br>to you. If you recollect Bill Ferny and the horsethieving: his<br>pony as you bought, well, it\u2019s here. Come back all of itself, it<br>did. But where it had been to you know better than me. It<br>was as shaggy as an old dog and as lean as a clothes-rail, but<br>it was alive. Nob\u2019s looked after it.\u2019<br>\u2018What! My Bill?\u2019 cried Sam. \u2018Well, I was born lucky, whatever my gaffer may say. There\u2019s another wish come true!<br>Where is he?\u2019 Sam would not go to bed until he had visited<br>Bill in his stable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">homeward bound 1303<br>The travellers stayed in Bree all the next day, and Mr.<br>Butterbur could not complain of his business next evening at<br>any rate. Curiosity overcame all fears, and his house was<br>crowded. For a while out of politeness the hobbits visited the<br>Common Room in the evening and answered a good many<br>questions. Bree memories being retentive, Frodo was asked<br>many times if he had written his book.<br>\u2018Not yet,\u2019 he answered. \u2018I am going home now to put my<br>notes in order.\u2019 He promised to deal with the amazing events<br>at Bree, and so give a bit of interest to a book that appeared<br>likely to treat mostly of the remote and less important affairs<br>\u2018away south\u2019.<br>Then one of the younger folk called for a song. But at that<br>a hush fell, and he was frowned down, and the call was not<br>repeated. Evidently there was no wish for any uncanny events<br>in the Common Room again.<br>No trouble by day, nor any sound by night, disturbed the<br>peace of Bree while the travellers remained there; but the<br>next morning they got up early, for as the weather was still<br>rainy they wished to reach the Shire before night, and it was<br>a long ride. The Bree folk were all out to see them off, and<br>were in merrier mood than they had been for a year; and<br>those who had not seen the strangers in all their gear before<br>gaped with wonder at them: at Gandalf with his white beard,<br>and the light that seemed to gleam from him, as if his blue<br>mantle was only a cloud over sunshine; and at the four<br>hobbits like riders upon errantry out of almost forgotten tales.<br>Even those who had laughed at all the talk about the King<br>began to think there might be some truth in it.<br>\u2018Well, good luck on your road, and good luck to your<br>homecoming!\u2019 said Mr. Butterbur. \u2018I should have warned<br>you before that all\u2019s not well in the Shire neither, if what<br>we hear is true. Funny goings on, they say. But one thing<br>drives out another, and I was full of my own troubles. But if<br>I may be so bold, you\u2019ve come back changed from your<br>travels, and you look now like folk as can deal with troubles<br>out of hand. I don\u2019t doubt you\u2019ll soon set all to rights. Good<br>1304 the return of the king<br>luck to you! And the oftener you come back the better I\u2019ll be<br>pleased.\u2019<br>They wished him farewell and rode away, and passed<br>through the West-gate and on towards the Shire. Bill the<br>pony was with them, and as before he had a good deal of<br>baggage, but he trotted along beside Sam and seemed well<br>content.<br>\u2018I wonder what old Barliman was hinting at,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018I can guess some of it,\u2019 said Sam gloomily. \u2018What I saw in<br>the Mirror: trees cut down and all, and my old gaffer turned<br>out of the Row. I ought to have hurried back quicker.\u2019<br>\u2018And something\u2019s wrong with the Southfarthing evidently,\u2019<br>said Merry. \u2018There\u2019s a general shortage of pipe-weed.\u2019<br>\u2018Whatever it is,\u2019 said Pippin, \u2018Lotho will be at the bottom<br>of it: you can be sure of that.\u2019<br>\u2018Deep in, but not at the bottom,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018You have<br>forgotten Saruman. He began to take an interest in the Shire<br>before Mordor did.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, we\u2019ve got you with us,\u2019 said Merry, \u2018so things will<br>soon be cleared up.\u2019<br>\u2018I am with you at present,\u2019 said Gandalf, \u2018but soon I shall<br>not be. I am not coming to the Shire. You must settle its<br>affairs yourselves; that is what you have been trained for. Do<br>you not yet understand? My time is over: it is no longer my<br>task to set things to rights, nor to help folk to do so. And as<br>for you, my dear friends, you will need no help. You are<br>grown up now. Grown indeed very high; among the great<br>you are, and I have no longer any fear at all for any of you.<br>\u2018But if you would know, I am turning aside soon. I am<br>going to have a long talk with Bombadil: such a talk as I have<br>not had in all my time. He is a moss-gatherer, and I have<br>been a stone doomed to rolling. But my rolling days are<br>ending, and now we shall have much to say to one another.\u2019<br>In a little while they came to the point on the East Road<br>where they had taken leave of Bombadil; and they hoped and<br>homeward bound 1305<br>half expected to see him standing there to greet them as they<br>went by. But there was no sign of him; and there was a grey<br>mist on the Barrow-downs southwards, and a deep veil over<br>the Old Forest far away.<br>They halted and Frodo looked south wistfully. \u2018I should<br>dearly like to see the old fellow again,\u2019 he said. \u2018I wonder how<br>he is getting on?\u2019<br>\u2018As well as ever, you may be sure,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018Quite<br>untroubled; and I should guess, not much interested in anything that we have done or seen, unless perhaps in our visits<br>to the Ents. There may be a time later for you to go and see<br>him. But if I were you, I should press on now for home, or<br>you will not come to the Brandywine Bridge before the gates<br>are locked.\u2019<br>\u2018But there aren\u2019t any gates,\u2019 said Merry, \u2018not on the Road;<br>you know that quite well. There\u2019s the Buckland Gate, of<br>course; but they\u2019ll let me through that at any time.\u2019<br>\u2018There weren\u2019t any gates, you mean,\u2019 said Gandalf. \u2018I think<br>you will find some now. And you might have more trouble<br>even at the Buckland Gate than you think. But you\u2019ll manage<br>all right. Good-bye, dear friends! Not for the last time, not<br>yet. Good-bye!\u2019<br>He turned Shadowfax off the Road, and the great horse<br>leaped the green dike that here ran beside it; and then at a<br>cry from Gandalf he was gone, racing towards the Barrowdowns like a wind from the North.<br>\u2018Well here we are, just the four of us that started out<br>together,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018We have left all the rest behind, one<br>after another. It seems almost like a dream that has slowly<br>faded.\u2019<br>\u2018Not to me,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018To me it feels more like falling<br>asleep again.\u2019<br>Chapter 8<br>THE SCOURING OF THE SHIRE<br>It was after nightfall when, wet and tired, the travellers came<br>at last to the Brandywine, and they found the way barred. At<br>either end of the Bridge there was a great spiked gate; and<br>on the further side of the river they could see that some new<br>houses had been built: two-storeyed with narrow straightsided windows, bare and dimly lit, all very gloomy and unShirelike.<br>They hammered on the outer gate and called, but there<br>was at first no answer; and then to their surprise someone<br>blew a horn, and the lights in the windows went out. A voice<br>shouted in the dark:<br>\u2018Who\u2019s that? Be off! You can\u2019t come in. Can\u2019t you read<br>the notice: No admittance between sundown and sunrise?\u2019<br>\u2018Of course we can\u2019t read the notice in the dark,\u2019 Sam<br>shouted back. \u2018And if hobbits of the Shire are to be kept out<br>in the wet on a night like this, I\u2019ll tear down your notice when<br>I find it.\u2019<br>At that a window slammed, and a crowd of hobbits with<br>lanterns poured out of the house on the left. They opened<br>the further gate, and some came over the bridge. When they<br>saw the travellers they seemed frightened.<br>\u2018Come along!\u2019 said Merry, recognizing one of the hobbits.<br>\u2018If you don\u2019t know me, Hob Hayward, you ought to. I am<br>Merry Brandybuck, and I should like to know what all this is<br>about, and what a Bucklander like you is doing here. You<br>used to be on the Hay Gate.\u2019<br>\u2018Bless me! It\u2019s Master Merry, to be sure, and all dressed<br>up for fighting!\u2019 said old Hob. \u2018Why, they said you was dead!<br>Lost in the Old Forest by all accounts. I\u2019m pleased to see you<br>alive after all!\u2019<br>the scouring of the shire 1307<br>\u2018Then stop gaping at me through the bars, and open the<br>gate!\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018I\u2019m sorry, Master Merry, but we have orders.\u2019<br>\u2018Whose orders?\u2019<br>\u2018The Chief\u2019s up at Bag End.\u2019<br>\u2018Chief ? Chief ? Do you mean Mr. Lotho?\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018I suppose so, Mr. Baggins; but we have to say just \u2018\u2018the<br>Chief\u2019\u2019 nowadays.\u2019<br>\u2018Do you indeed!\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Well, I am glad he has<br>dropped the Baggins at any rate. But it is evidently high time<br>that the family dealt with him and put him in his place.\u2019<br>A hush fell on the hobbits beyond the gate. \u2018It won\u2019t do<br>no good talking that way,\u2019 said one. \u2018He\u2019ll get to hear of it.<br>And if you make so much noise, you\u2019ll wake the Chief\u2019s Big<br>Man.\u2019<br>\u2018We shall wake him up in a way that will surprise him,\u2019<br>said Merry. \u2018If you mean that your precious Chief has been<br>hiring ruffians out of the wild, then we\u2019ve not come back too<br>soon.\u2019 He sprang from his pony, and seeing the notice in the<br>light of the lanterns, he tore it down and threw it over the<br>gate. The hobbits backed away and made no move to open<br>it. \u2018Come on, Pippin!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Two is enough.\u2019<br>Merry and Pippin climbed the gate, and the hobbits<br>fled. Another horn sounded. Out of the bigger house on the<br>right a large heavy figure appeared against a light in the<br>doorway.<br>\u2018What\u2019s all this,\u2019 he snarled as he came forward. \u2018Gatebreaking? You clear out, or I\u2019ll break your filthy little necks!\u2019<br>Then he stopped, for he had caught the gleam of swords.<br>\u2018Bill Ferny,\u2019 said Merry, \u2018if you don\u2019t open that gate in ten<br>seconds, you\u2019ll regret it. I shall set steel to you, if you don\u2019t<br>obey. And when you have opened the gates you will go<br>through them and never return. You are a ruffian and a<br>highway-robber.\u2019<br>Bill Ferny flinched and shuffled to the gate and unlocked<br>it. \u2018Give me the key!\u2019 said Merry. But the ruffian flung it at<br>his head and then darted out into the darkness. As he passed<br>1308 the return of the king<br>the ponies one of them let fly with his heels and just caught<br>him as he ran. He went off with a yelp into the night and was<br>never heard of again.<br>\u2018Neat work, Bill,\u2019 said Sam, meaning the pony.<br>\u2018So much for your Big Man,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018We\u2019ll see<br>the Chief later. In the meantime we want a lodging for the<br>night, and as you seem to have pulled down the Bridge<br>Inn and built this dismal place instead, you\u2019ll have to put<br>us up.\u2019<br>\u2018I am sorry, Mr. Merry,\u2019 said Hob, \u2018but it isn\u2019t allowed.\u2019<br>\u2018What isn\u2019t allowed?\u2019<br>\u2018Taking in folk off-hand like, and eating extra food, and all<br>that,\u2019 said Hob.<br>\u2018What\u2019s the matter with the place?\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Has it<br>been a bad year, or what? I thought it had been a fine summer<br>and harvest.\u2019<br>\u2018Well no, the year\u2019s been good enough,\u2019 said Hob. \u2018We<br>grows a lot of food, but we don\u2019t rightly know what becomes<br>of it. It\u2019s all these \u2018\u2018gatherers\u2019\u2019 and \u2018\u2018sharers\u2019\u2019, I reckon, going<br>round counting and measuring and taking off to storage.<br>They do more gathering than sharing, and we never see most<br>of the stuff again.\u2019<br>\u2018Oh come!\u2019 said Pippin yawning. \u2018This is all too tiresome<br>for me tonight. We\u2019ve got food in our bags. Just give us a<br>room to lie down in. It\u2019ll be better than many places I have<br>seen.\u2019<br>The hobbits at the gate still seemed ill at ease, evidently<br>some rule or other was being broken; but there was no gainsaying four such masterful travellers, all armed, and two of<br>them uncommonly large and strong-looking. Frodo ordered<br>the gates to be locked again. There was some sense at any<br>rate in keeping a guard, while ruffians were still about. Then<br>the four companions went into the hobbit guard-house and<br>made themselves as comfortable as they could. It was a bare<br>and ugly place, with a mean little grate that would not allow<br>a good fire. In the upper rooms were little rows of hard beds,<br>the scouring of the shire 1309<br>and on every wall there was a notice and a list of Rules.<br>Pippin tore them down. There was no beer and very little<br>food, but with what the travellers brought and shared out<br>they all made a fair meal; and Pippin broke Rule 4 by putting<br>most of next day\u2019s allowance of wood on the fire.<br>\u2018Well now, what about a smoke, while you tell us what has<br>been happening in the Shire?\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018There isn\u2019t no pipe-weed now,\u2019 said Hob; \u2018at least only<br>for the Chief\u2019s men. All the stocks seem to have gone. We<br>do hear that waggon-loads of it went away down the old road<br>out of the Southfarthing, over Sarn Ford way. That would<br>be the end o\u2019 last year, after you left. But it had been going<br>away quietly before that, in a small way. That Lotho\u2014\u2014\u2019<br>\u2018Now you shut up, Hob Hayward!\u2019 cried several of the<br>others. \u2018You know talk o\u2019 that sort isn\u2019t allowed. The Chief<br>will hear of it, and we\u2019ll all be in trouble.\u2019<br>\u2018He wouldn\u2019t hear naught, if some of you here weren\u2019t<br>sneaks,\u2019 rejoined Hob hotly.<br>\u2018All right, all right!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018That\u2019s quite enough. I don\u2019t<br>want to hear no more. No welcome, no beer, no smoke, and<br>a lot of rules and orc-talk instead. I hoped to have a rest, but<br>I can see there\u2019s work and trouble ahead. Let\u2019s sleep and<br>forget it till morning!\u2019<br>The new \u2018Chief\u2019 evidently had means of getting news. It<br>was a good forty miles from the Bridge to Bag End, but<br>someone made the journey in a hurry. So Frodo and his<br>friends soon discovered.<br>They had not made any definite plans, but had vaguely<br>thought of going down to Crickhollow together first, and<br>resting there a bit. But now, seeing what things were like,<br>they decided to go straight to Hobbiton. So the next day they<br>set out along the Road and jogged along steadily. The wind<br>had dropped but the sky was grey. The land looked rather<br>sad and forlorn; but it was after all the first of November and<br>the fag-end of autumn. Still there seemed an unusual amount<br>of burning going on, and smoke rose from many points round<br>1310 the return of the king<br>about. A great cloud of it was going up far away in the<br>direction of the Woody End.<br>As evening fell they were drawing near to Frogmorton, a<br>village right on the Road, about twenty-two miles from the<br>Bridge. There they meant to stay the night; The Floating Log<br>at Frogmorton was a good inn. But as they came to the east<br>end of the village they met a barrier with a large board saying<br>no road; and behind it stood a large band of Shirriffs with<br>staves in their hands and feathers in their caps, looking both<br>important and rather scared.<br>\u2018What\u2019s all this?\u2019 said Frodo, feeling inclined to laugh.<br>\u2018This is what it is, Mr. Baggins,\u2019 said the leader of the<br>Shirriffs, a two-feather hobbit: \u2018You\u2019re arrested for Gatebreaking, and Tearing up of Rules, and Assaulting Gatekeepers, and Trespassing, and Sleeping in Shire-buildings<br>without Leave, and Bribing Guards with Food.\u2019<br>\u2018And what else?\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018That\u2019ll do to go on with,\u2019 said the Shirriff-leader.<br>\u2018I can add some more, if you\u2019d like it,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Calling<br>your Chief Names, Wishing to punch his Pimply Face, and<br>Thinking you Shirriffs look a lot of Tom-fools.\u2019<br>\u2018There now, Mister, that\u2019ll do. It\u2019s the Chief\u2019s orders that<br>you\u2019re to come along quiet. We\u2019re going to take you to<br>Bywater and hand you over to the Chief\u2019s Men; and when<br>he deals with your case you can have your say. But if you<br>don\u2019t want to stay in the Lockholes any longer than you need,<br>I should cut the say short, if I was you.\u2019<br>To the discomfiture of the Shirriffs Frodo and his companions all roared with laughter. \u2018Don\u2019t be absurd!\u2019 said<br>Frodo. \u2018I am going where I please, and in my own time. I<br>happen to be going to Bag End on business, but if you insist<br>on going too, well that is your affair.\u2019<br>\u2018Very well, Mr. Baggins,\u2019 said the leader, pushing the<br>barrier aside. \u2018But don\u2019t forget I\u2019ve arrested you.\u2019<br>\u2018I won\u2019t,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Never. But I may forgive you. Now<br>I am not going any further today, so if you\u2019ll kindly escort<br>me to The Floating Log, I\u2019ll be obliged.\u2019<br>the scouring of the shire 1311<br>\u2018I can\u2019t do that, Mr. Baggins. The inn\u2019s closed. There\u2019s a<br>Shirriff-house at the far end of the village. I\u2019ll take you there.\u2019<br>\u2018All right,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Go on and we\u2019ll follow.\u2019<br>Sam had been looking the Shirriffs up and down and<br>had spotted one that he knew. \u2018Hey, come here Robin<br>Smallburrow!\u2019 he called. \u2018I want a word with you.\u2019<br>With a sheepish glance at his leader, who looked wrathful<br>but did not dare to interfere, Shirriff Smallburrow fell back<br>and walked beside Sam, who got down off his pony.<br>\u2018Look here, Cock-robin!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018You\u2019re Hobbiton-bred<br>and ought to have more sense, coming a-waylaying Mr.<br>Frodo and all. And what\u2019s all this about the inn being closed?\u2019<br>\u2018They\u2019re all closed,\u2019 said Robin. \u2018The Chief doesn\u2019t hold<br>with beer. Leastways that is how it started. But now I reckon<br>it\u2019s his Men that has it all. And he doesn\u2019t hold with folk<br>moving about; so if they will or they must, then they has to<br>go to the Shirriff-house and explain their business.\u2019<br>\u2018You ought to be ashamed of yourself having anything to<br>do with such nonsense,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018You used to like the inside<br>of an inn better than the outside yourself. You were always<br>popping in, on duty or off.\u2019<br>\u2018And so I would be still, Sam, if I could. But don\u2019t be hard<br>on me. What can I do? You know how I went for a Shirriff<br>seven years ago, before any of this began. Gave me a chance<br>of walking round the country and seeing folk, and hearing<br>the news, and knowing where the good beer was. But now<br>it\u2019s different.\u2019<br>\u2018But you can give it up, stop Shirriffing, if it has stopped<br>being a respectable job,\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018We\u2019re not allowed to,\u2019 said Robin.<br>\u2018If I hear not allowed much oftener,\u2019 said Sam, \u2018I\u2019m going<br>to get angry.\u2019<br>\u2018Can\u2019t say as I\u2019d be sorry to see it,\u2019 said Robin lowering his<br>voice. \u2018If we all got angry together something might be done.<br>But it\u2019s these Men, Sam, the Chief\u2019s Men. He sends them<br>round everywhere, and if any of us small folk stand up for<br>1312 the return of the king<br>our rights, they drag him off to the Lockholes. They took<br>old Flourdumpling, old Will Whitfoot the Mayor, first, and<br>they\u2019ve taken a lot more. Lately it\u2019s been getting worse. Often<br>they beat \u2019em now.\u2019<br>\u2018Then why do you do their work for them?\u2019 said Sam<br>angrily. \u2018Who sent you to Frogmorton?\u2019<br>\u2018No one did. We stay here in the big Shirriff-house. We\u2019re<br>the First Eastfarthing Troop now. There\u2019s hundreds of Shirriffs all told, and they want more, with all these new rules.<br>Most of them are in it against their will, but not all. Even in<br>the Shire there are some as like minding other folk\u2019s business<br>and talking big. And there\u2019s worse than that: there\u2019s a few as<br>do spy-work for the Chief and his Men.\u2019<br>\u2018Ah! So that\u2019s how you had news of us, is it?\u2019<br>\u2018That\u2019s right. We aren\u2019t allowed to send by it now, but they<br>use the old Quick Post service, and keep special runners at<br>different points. One came in from Whitfurrows last night<br>with a \u2018\u2018secret message\u2019\u2019, and another took it on from here.<br>And a message came back this afternoon saying you was to<br>be arrested and taken to Bywater, not direct to the Lockholes.<br>The Chief wants to see you at once, evidently.\u2019<br>\u2018He won\u2019t be so eager when Mr. Frodo has finished with<br>him,\u2019 said Sam.<br>The Shirriff-house at Frogmorton was as bad as the<br>Bridge-house. It had only one storey, but it had the same<br>narrow windows, and it was built of ugly pale bricks, badly<br>laid. Inside it was damp and cheerless, and supper was served<br>on a long bare table that had not been scrubbed for weeks.<br>The food deserved no better setting. The travellers were glad<br>to leave the place. It was about eighteen miles to Bywater,<br>and they set off at ten o\u2019clock in the morning. They would<br>have started earlier, only the delay so plainly annoyed the<br>Shirriff-leader. The west wind had shifted northward and it<br>was turning colder, but the rain was gone.<br>It was rather a comic cavalcade that left the village, though<br>the few folk that came out to stare at the \u2018get-up\u2019 of the<br>the scouring of the shire 1313<br>travellers did not seem quite sure whether laughing was<br>allowed. A dozen Shirriffs had been told off as escort to the<br>\u2018prisoners\u2019; but Merry made them march in front, while<br>Frodo and his friends rode behind. Merry, Pippin, and Sam<br>sat at their ease laughing and talking and singing, while the<br>Shirriffs stumped along trying to look stern and important.<br>Frodo, however, was silent and looked rather sad and<br>thoughtful.<br>The last person they passed was a sturdy old gaffer clipping<br>a hedge. \u2018Hullo, hullo!\u2019 he jeered. \u2018Now who\u2019s arrested who?\u2019<br>Two of the Shirriffs immediately left the party and went<br>towards him. \u2018Leader!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Order your fellows back<br>to their places at once, if you don\u2019t want me to deal with<br>them!\u2019<br>The two hobbits at a sharp word from the leader came<br>back sulkily. \u2018Now get on!\u2019 said Merry, and after that the<br>travellers saw to it that their ponies\u2019 pace was quick enough<br>to push the Shirriffs along as fast as they could go. The sun<br>came out, and in spite of the chilly wind they were soon<br>puffing and sweating.<br>At the Three-Farthing Stone they gave it up. They had<br>done nearly fourteen miles with only one rest at noon. It was<br>now three o\u2019clock. They were hungry and very footsore and<br>they could not stand the pace.<br>\u2018Well, come along in your own time!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018We are<br>going on.\u2019<br>\u2018Good-bye, Cock-robin!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018I\u2019ll wait for you outside The Green Dragon, if you haven\u2019t forgotten where that<br>is. Don\u2019t dawdle on the way!\u2019<br>\u2018You\u2019re breaking arrest, that\u2019s what you\u2019re doing,\u2019 said the<br>leader ruefully, \u2018and I can\u2019t be answerable.\u2019<br>\u2018We shall break a good many things yet, and not ask you<br>to answer,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Good luck to you!\u2019<br>The travellers trotted on, and as the sun began to sink<br>towards the White Downs far away on the western horizon<br>they came to Bywater by its wide pool; and there they had<br>1314 the return of the king<br>their first really painful shock. This was Frodo and Sam\u2019s<br>own country, and they found out now that they cared about<br>it more than any other place in the world. Many of the houses<br>that they had known were missing. Some seemed to have<br>been burned down. The pleasant row of old hobbit-holes in<br>the bank on the north side of the Pool were deserted, and<br>their little gardens that used to run down bright to the water\u2019s<br>edge were rank with weeds. Worse, there was a whole line of<br>the ugly new houses all along Pool Side, where the Hobbiton<br>Road ran close to the bank. An avenue of trees had stood<br>there. They were all gone. And looking with dismay up the<br>road towards Bag End they saw a tall chimney of brick in the<br>distance. It was pouring out black smoke into the evening air.<br>Sam was beside himself. \u2018I\u2019m going right on, Mr. Frodo!\u2019<br>he cried. \u2018I\u2019m going to see what\u2019s up. I want to find my<br>gaffer.\u2019<br>\u2018We ought to find out first what we\u2019re in for, Sam,\u2019 said<br>Merry. \u2018I guess that the \u2018\u2018Chief\u2019\u2019 will have a gang of ruffians<br>handy. We had better find someone who will tell us how<br>things are round here.\u2019<br>But in the village of Bywater all the houses and holes were<br>shut, and no one greeted them. They wondered at this, but<br>they soon discovered the reason of it. When they reached<br>The Green Dragon, the last house on the Hobbiton side, now<br>lifeless and with broken windows, they were disturbed to<br>see half a dozen large ill-favoured Men lounging against the<br>inn-wall; they were squint-eyed and sallow-faced.<br>\u2018Like that friend of Bill Ferny\u2019s at Bree,\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018Like many that I saw at Isengard,\u2019 muttered Merry.<br>The ruffians had clubs in their hands and horns by their<br>belts, but they had no other weapons, as far as could be seen.<br>As the travellers rode up they left the wall and walked into<br>the road, blocking the way.<br>\u2018Where d\u2019you think you\u2019re going?\u2019 said one, the largest and<br>most evil-looking of the crew. \u2018There\u2019s no road for you any<br>further. And where are those precious Shirriffs?\u2019<br>the scouring of the shire 1315<br>\u2018Coming along nicely,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018A little footsore, perhaps. We promised to wait for them here.\u2019<br>\u2018Garn, what did I say?\u2019 said the ruffian to his mates. \u2018I told<br>Sharkey it was no good trusting those little fools. Some of<br>our chaps ought to have been sent.\u2019<br>\u2018And what difference would that have made, pray?\u2019 said<br>Merry. \u2018We are not used to footpads in this country, but we<br>know how to deal with them.\u2019<br>\u2018Footpads, eh?\u2019 said the man. \u2018So that\u2019s your tone, is it?<br>Change it, or we\u2019ll change it for you. You little folk are getting<br>too uppish. Don\u2019t you trust too much in the Boss\u2019s kind<br>heart. Sharkey\u2019s come now, and he\u2019ll do what Sharkey says.\u2019<br>\u2018And what may that be?\u2019 said Frodo quietly.<br>\u2018This country wants waking up and setting to rights,\u2019 said<br>the ruffian, \u2018and Sharkey\u2019s going to do it; and make it hard,<br>if you drive him to it. You need a bigger Boss. And you\u2019ll get<br>one before the year is out, if there\u2019s any more trouble. Then<br>you\u2019ll learn a thing or two, you little rat-folk.\u2019<br>\u2018Indeed. I am glad to hear of your plans,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018I am<br>on my way to call on Mr. Lotho, and he may be interested<br>to hear of them too.\u2019<br>The ruffian laughed. \u2018Lotho! He knows all right. Don\u2019t you<br>worry. He\u2019ll do what Sharkey says. Because if a Boss gives<br>trouble, we can change him. See? And if little folks try to<br>push in where they\u2019re not wanted, we can put them out of<br>mischief. See?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I see,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018For one thing, I see that you\u2019re<br>behind the times and the news here. Much has happened<br>since you left the South. Your day is over, and all other<br>ruffians\u2019. The Dark Tower has fallen, and there is a King in<br>Gondor. And Isengard has been destroyed, and your precious<br>master is a beggar in the wilderness. I passed him on the<br>road. The King\u2019s messengers will ride up the Greenway now,<br>not bullies from Isengard.\u2019<br>The man stared at him and smiled. \u2018A beggar in the wilderness!\u2019 he mocked. \u2018Oh, is he indeed? Swagger it, swagger it,<br>my little cock-a-whoop. But that won\u2019t stop us living in this<br>1316 the return of the king<br>fat little country where you have lazed long enough. And\u2019 \u2013<br>he snapped his fingers in Frodo\u2019s face \u2013 \u2018King\u2019s messengers!<br>That for them! When I see one, I\u2019ll take notice, perhaps.\u2019<br>This was too much for Pippin. His thoughts went back to<br>the Field of Cormallen, and here was a squint-eyed rascal<br>calling the Ring-bearer \u2018little cock-a-whoop\u2019. He cast back<br>his cloak, flashed out his sword, and the silver and sable of<br>Gondor gleamed on him as he rode forward.<br>\u2018I am a messenger of the King,\u2019 he said. \u2018You are speaking<br>to the King\u2019s friend, and one of the most renowned in all the<br>lands of the West. You are a ruffian and a fool. Down on<br>your knees in the road and ask pardon, or I will set this troll\u2019s<br>bane in you!\u2019<br>The sword glinted in the westering sun. Merry and Sam<br>drew their swords also and rode up to support Pippin; but<br>Frodo did not move. The ruffians gave back. Scaring Breeland peasants, and bullying bewildered hobbits, had been<br>their work. Fearless hobbits with bright swords and grim<br>faces were a great surprise. And there was a note in the voices<br>of these newcomers that they had not heard before. It chilled<br>them with fear.<br>\u2018Go!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018If you trouble this village again, you will<br>regret it.\u2019 The three hobbits came on, and then the ruffians<br>turned and fled, running away up the Hobbiton Road; but<br>they blew their horns as they ran.<br>\u2018Well, we\u2019ve come back none too soon,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018Not a day too soon. Perhaps too late, at any rate to save<br>Lotho,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Miserable fool, but I am sorry for him.\u2019<br>\u2018Save Lotho? Whatever do you mean?\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018Destroy him, I should say.\u2019<br>\u2018I don\u2019t think you quite understand things, Pippin,\u2019 said<br>Frodo. \u2018Lotho never meant things to come to this pass. He<br>has been a wicked fool, but he\u2019s caught now. The ruffians<br>are on top, gathering, robbing and bullying, and running or<br>ruining things as they like, in his name. And not in his name<br>even for much longer. He\u2019s a prisoner in Bag End now, I<br>expect, and very frightened. We ought to try and rescue him.\u2019<br>the scouring of the shire 1317<br>\u2018Well I am staggered!\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018Of all the ends to our<br>journey that is the very last I should have thought of: to have<br>to fight half-orcs and ruffians in the Shire itself \u2013 to rescue<br>Lotho Pimple!\u2019<br>\u2018Fight?\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Well, I suppose it may come to that.<br>But remember: there is to be no slaying of hobbits, not even<br>if they have gone over to the other side. Really gone over,<br>I mean; not just obeying ruffians\u2019 orders because they are<br>frightened. No hobbit has ever killed another on purpose in<br>the Shire, and it is not to begin now. And nobody is to be<br>killed at all, if it can be helped. Keep your tempers and hold<br>your hands to the last possible moment!\u2019<br>\u2018But if there are many of these ruffians,\u2019 said Merry, \u2018it will<br>certainly mean fighting. You won\u2019t rescue Lotho, or the<br>Shire, just by being shocked and sad, my dear Frodo.\u2019<br>\u2018No,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018It won\u2019t be so easy scaring them a<br>second time. They were taken by surprise. You heard that<br>horn-blowing? Evidently there are other ruffians near at<br>hand. They\u2019ll be much bolder when there\u2019s more of them<br>together. We ought to think of taking cover somewhere for<br>the night. After all we\u2019re only four, even if we are armed.\u2019<br>\u2018I\u2019ve an idea,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Let\u2019s go to old Tom Cotton\u2019s<br>down South Lane! He always was a stout fellow. And he has<br>a lot of lads that were all friends of mine.\u2019<br>\u2018No!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018It\u2019s no good \u2018\u2018getting under cover\u2019\u2019. That<br>is just what people have been doing, and just what these<br>ruffians like. They will simply come down on us in force,<br>corner us, and then drive us out, or burn us in. No, we have<br>got to do something at once.\u2019<br>\u2018Do what?\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018Raise the Shire!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Now! Wake all our people!<br>They hate all this, you can see: all of them except perhaps<br>one or two rascals, and a few fools that want to be important,<br>but don\u2019t at all understand what is really going on. But Shirefolk have been so comfortable so long they don\u2019t know what<br>to do. They just want a match, though, and they\u2019ll go up in<br>fire. The Chief\u2019s Men must know that. They\u2019ll try to stamp<br>1318 the return of the king<br>on us and put us out quick. We\u2019ve only got a very short time.<br>\u2018Sam, you can make a dash for Cotton\u2019s farm, if you like.<br>He\u2019s the chief person round here, and the sturdiest. Come<br>on! I am going to blow the horn of Rohan, and give them all<br>some music they have never heard before.\u2019<br>They rode back to the middle of the village. There Sam<br>turned aside and galloped off down the lane that led south<br>to Cotton\u2019s. He had not gone far when he heard a sudden<br>clear horn-call go up ringing into the sky. Far over hill and<br>field it echoed; and so compelling was that call that Sam<br>himself almost turned and dashed back. His pony reared and<br>neighed.<br>\u2018On, lad! On!\u2019 he cried. \u2018We\u2019ll be going back soon.\u2019<br>Then he heard Merry change the note, and up went the<br>Horn-cry of Buckland, shaking the air.<br>Awake! Awake! Fear, Fire, Foes! Awake!<br>Fire, Foes! Awake!<br>Behind him Sam heard a hubbub of voices and a great din<br>and slamming of doors. In front of him lights sprang out in<br>the gloaming; dogs barked; feet came running. Before he got<br>to the lane\u2019s end there was Farmer Cotton with three of his<br>lads, Young Tom, Jolly, and Nick, hurrying towards him.<br>They had axes in their hands, and barred the way.<br>\u2018Nay! It\u2019s not one of them ruffians,\u2019 Sam heard the farmer<br>say. \u2018It\u2019s a hobbit by the size of it, but all dressed up queer.<br>Hey!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Who are you, and what\u2019s all this to-do?\u2019<br>\u2018It\u2019s Sam, Sam Gamgee. I\u2019ve come back.\u2019<br>Farmer Cotton came up close and stared at him in the<br>twilight. \u2018Well!\u2019 he exclaimed. \u2018The voice is right, and your<br>face is no worse than it was, Sam. But I should a\u2019 passed<br>you in the street in that gear. You\u2019ve been in foreign parts,<br>seemingly. We feared you were dead.\u2019<br>\u2018That I ain\u2019t!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Nor Mr. Frodo. He\u2019s here and<br>his friends. And that\u2019s the to-do. They\u2019re raising the Shire.<br>the scouring of the shire 1319<br>We\u2019re going to clear out these ruffians, and their Chief too.<br>We\u2019re starting now.\u2019<br>\u2018Good, good!\u2019 cried Farmer Cotton. \u2018So it\u2019s begun at last!<br>I\u2019ve been itching for trouble all this year, but folks wouldn\u2019t<br>help. And I\u2019ve had the wife and Rosie to think of. These<br>ruffians don\u2019t stick at nothing. But come on now, lads!<br>Bywater is up! We must be in it!\u2019<br>\u2018What about Mrs. Cotton and Rosie?\u2019 said Sam. \u2018It isn\u2019t<br>safe yet for them to be left all alone.\u2019<br>\u2018My Nibs is with them. But you can go and help him, if<br>you have a mind,\u2019 said Farmer Cotton with a grin. Then he<br>and his sons ran off towards the village.<br>Sam hurried to the house. By the large round door at the<br>top of the steps from the wide yard stood Mrs. Cotton and<br>Rosie, and Nibs in front of them grasping a hay-fork.<br>\u2018It\u2019s me!\u2019 shouted Sam as he trotted up. \u2018Sam Gamgee! So<br>don\u2019t try prodding me, Nibs. Anyway, I\u2019ve a mail-shirt on<br>me.\u2019<br>He jumped down from his pony and went up the steps.<br>They stared at him in silence. \u2018Good evening, Mrs. Cotton!\u2019<br>he said. \u2018Hullo, Rosie!\u2019<br>\u2018Hullo, Sam!\u2019 said Rosie. \u2018Where\u2019ve you been? They said<br>you were dead; but I\u2019ve been expecting you since the spring.<br>You haven\u2019t hurried, have you?\u2019<br>\u2018Perhaps not,\u2019 said Sam abashed. \u2018But I\u2019m hurrying now.<br>We\u2019re setting about the ruffians, and I\u2019ve got to get back to<br>Mr. Frodo. But I thought I\u2019d have a look and see how Mrs.<br>Cotton was keeping, and you, Rosie.\u2019<br>\u2018We\u2019re keeping nicely, thank you,\u2019 said Mrs. Cotton. \u2018Or<br>should be, if it weren\u2019t for these thieving ruffians.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, be off with you!\u2019 said Rosie. \u2018If you\u2019ve been looking<br>after Mr. Frodo all this while, what d\u2019you want to leave him<br>for, as soon as things look dangerous?\u2019<br>This was too much for Sam. It needed a week\u2019s answer, or<br>none. He turned away and mounted his pony. But as he<br>started off, Rosie ran down the steps.<br>\u2018I think you look fine, Sam,\u2019 she said. \u2018Go on now! But<br>1320 the return of the king<br>take care of yourself, and come straight back as soon as you<br>have settled the ruffians!\u2019<br>When Sam got back he found the whole village roused.<br>Already, apart from many younger lads, more than a hundred<br>sturdy hobbits were assembled with axes, and heavy hammers,<br>and long knives, and stout staves; and a few had hunting-bows.<br>More were still coming in from outlying farms.<br>Some of the village-folk had lit a large fire, just to enliven<br>things, and also because it was one of the things forbidden<br>by the Chief. It burned bright as night came on. Others at<br>Merry\u2019s orders were setting up barriers across the road at<br>each end of the village. When the Shirriffs came up to the<br>lower one they were dumbfounded; but as soon as they saw<br>how things were, most of them took off their feathers and<br>joined in the revolt. The others slunk away.<br>Sam found Frodo and his friends by the fire talking to old<br>Tom Cotton, while an admiring crowd of Bywater folk stood<br>round and stared.<br>\u2018Well, what\u2019s the next move?\u2019 said Farmer Cotton.<br>\u2018I can\u2019t say,\u2019 said Frodo, \u2018until I know more. How many of<br>these ruffians are there?\u2019<br>\u2018That\u2019s hard to tell,\u2019 said Cotton. \u2018They moves about and<br>comes and goes. There\u2019s sometimes fifty of them in their<br>sheds up Hobbiton way; but they go out from there roving<br>round, thieving or \u2018\u2018gathering\u2019\u2019 as they call it. Still there\u2019s<br>seldom less than a score round the Boss, as they names him.<br>He\u2019s at Bag End, or was; but he don\u2019t go outside the grounds<br>now. No one\u2019s seen him at all, in fact, for a week or two; but<br>the Men don\u2019t let no one go near.\u2019<br>\u2018Hobbiton\u2019s not their only place, is it?\u2019 said Pippin.<br>\u2018No, more\u2019s the pity,\u2019 said Cotton. \u2018There\u2019s a good few<br>down south in Longbottom and by Sarn Ford, I hear; and<br>some more lurking in the Woody End; and they\u2019ve sheds at<br>Waymeet. And then there\u2019s the Lockholes, as they call \u2019em:<br>the old storage-tunnels at Michel Delving that they\u2019ve made<br>into prisons for those as stand up to them. Still I reckon<br>the scouring of the shire 1321<br>there\u2019s not above three hundred of them in the Shire all told,<br>and maybe less. We can master them, if we stick together.\u2019<br>\u2018Have they got any weapons?\u2019 asked Merry.<br>\u2018Whips, knives, and clubs, enough for their dirty work:<br>that\u2019s all they\u2019ve showed so far,\u2019 said Cotton. \u2018But I dare say<br>they\u2019ve got other gear, if it comes to fighting. Some have<br>bows, anyway. They\u2019ve shot one or two of our folk.\u2019<br>\u2018There you are, Frodo!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018I knew we should<br>have to fight. Well, they started the killing.\u2019<br>\u2018Not exactly,\u2019 said Cotton. \u2018Leastways not the shooting.<br>Tooks started that. You see, your dad, Mr. Peregrin, he\u2019s<br>never had no truck with this Lotho, not from the beginning:<br>said that if anyone was going to play the chief at this time of<br>day, it would be the right Thain of the Shire and no upstart.<br>And when Lotho sent his Men they got no change out of<br>him. Tooks are lucky, they\u2019ve got those deep holes in the<br>Green Hills, the Great Smials and all, and the ruffians can\u2019t<br>come at \u2019em; and they won\u2019t let the ruffians come on their<br>land. If they do, Tooks hunt \u2019em. Tooks shot three for<br>prowling and robbing. After that the ruffians turned nastier.<br>And they keep a pretty close watch on Tookland. No one<br>gets in nor out of it now.\u2019<br>\u2018Good for the Tooks!\u2019 cried Pippin. \u2018But someone is going<br>to get in again, now. I am off to the Smials. Anyone coming<br>with me to Tuckborough?\u2019<br>Pippin rode off with half a dozen lads on ponies. \u2018See you<br>soon!\u2019 he cried. \u2018It\u2019s only fourteen miles or so over the fields.<br>I\u2019ll bring you back an army of Tooks in the morning.\u2019 Merry<br>blew a horn-call after them as they rode off into the gathering<br>night. The people cheered.<br>\u2018All the same,\u2019 said Frodo to all those who stood near, \u2018I<br>wish for no killing; not even of the ruffians, unless it must be<br>done, to prevent them from hurting hobbits.\u2019<br>\u2018All right!\u2019 said Merry. \u2018But we shall be having a visit from<br>the Hobbiton gang any time now, I think. They won\u2019t come<br>just to talk things over. We\u2019ll try to deal with them neatly,<br>but we must be prepared for the worst. Now I\u2019ve got a plan.\u2019<br>1322 the return of the king<br>\u2018Very good,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018You make the arrangements.\u2019<br>Just then some hobbits, who had been sent out towards<br>Hobbiton, came running in. \u2018They\u2019re coming!\u2019 they said. \u2018A<br>score or more. But two have gone off west across country.\u2019<br>\u2018To Waymeet, that\u2019ll be,\u2019 said Cotton, \u2018to fetch more of<br>the gang. Well, it\u2019s fifteen mile each way. We needn\u2019t trouble<br>about them just yet.\u2019<br>Merry hurried off to give orders. Farmer Cotton cleared<br>the street, sending everyone indoors, except the older hobbits<br>who had weapons of some sort. They had not long to wait.<br>Soon they could hear loud voices, and then the tramping of<br>heavy feet. Presently a whole squad of the ruffians came<br>down the road. They saw the barrier and laughed. They did<br>not imagine that there was anything in this little land that<br>would stand up to twenty of their kind together.<br>The hobbits opened the barrier and stood aside. \u2018Thank<br>you!\u2019 the Men jeered. \u2018Now run home to bed before you\u2019re<br>whipped.\u2019 Then they marched along the street shouting: \u2018Put<br>those lights out! Get indoors and stay there! Or we\u2019ll take<br>fifty of you to the Lockholes for a year. Get in! The Boss is<br>losing his temper.\u2019<br>No one paid any heed to their orders; but as the ruffians<br>passed, they closed in quietly behind and followed them.<br>When the Men reached the fire there was Farmer Cotton<br>standing all alone warming his hands.<br>\u2018Who are you, and what d\u2019you think you\u2019re doing?\u2019 said<br>the ruffian-leader.<br>Farmer Cotton looked at him slowly. \u2018I was just going to<br>ask you that,\u2019 he said. \u2018This isn\u2019t your country, and you\u2019re<br>not wanted.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, you\u2019re wanted anyhow,\u2019 said the leader. \u2018We want<br>you. Take him lads! Lockholes for him, and give him something to keep him quiet!\u2019<br>The Men took one step forward and stopped short. There<br>rose a roar of voices all round them, and suddenly they were<br>aware that Farmer Cotton was not all alone. They were surrounded. In the dark on the edge of the firelight stood a ring<br>the scouring of the shire 1323<br>of hobbits that had crept up out of the shadows. There was<br>nearly two hundred of them, all holding some weapon.<br>Merry stepped forward. \u2018We have met before,\u2019 he said to<br>the leader, \u2018and I warned you not to come back here. I warn<br>you again: you are standing in the light and you are covered<br>by archers. If you lay a finger on this farmer, or on anyone<br>else, you will be shot at once. Lay down any weapons that<br>you have!\u2019<br>The leader looked round. He was trapped. But he was not<br>scared, not now with a score of his fellows to back him. He<br>knew too little of hobbits to understand his peril. Foolishly<br>he decided to fight. It would be easy to break out.<br>\u2018At \u2019em, lads!\u2019 he cried. \u2018Let \u2019em have it!\u2019<br>With a long knife in his left hand and a club in the other<br>he made a rush at the ring, trying to burst out back towards<br>Hobbiton. He aimed a savage blow at Merry who stood in<br>his way. He fell dead with four arrows in him.<br>That was enough for the others. They gave in. Their<br>weapons were taken from them, and they were roped<br>together, and marched off to an empty hut that they had built<br>themselves, and there they were tied hand and foot, and<br>locked up under guard. The dead leader was dragged off and<br>buried.<br>\u2018Seems almost too easy after all, don\u2019t it?\u2019 said Cotton. \u2018I<br>said we could master them. But we needed a call. You came<br>back in the nick o\u2019 time, Mr. Merry.\u2019<br>\u2018There\u2019s more to be done still,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018If you\u2019re right<br>in your reckoning, we haven\u2019t dealt with a tithe of them yet.<br>But it\u2019s dark now. I think the next stroke must wait until<br>morning. Then we must call on the Chief.\u2019<br>\u2018Why not now?\u2019 said Sam. \u2018It\u2019s not much more than six<br>o\u2019clock. And I want to see my gaffer. D\u2019you know what\u2019s<br>come of him, Mr. Cotton?\u2019<br>\u2018He\u2019s not too well, and not too bad, Sam,\u2019 said the farmer.<br>\u2018They dug up Bagshot Row, and that was a sad blow to him.<br>He\u2019s in one of them new houses that the Chief\u2019s Men used<br>to build while they still did any work other than burning and<br>1324 the return of the king<br>thieving: not above a mile from the end of Bywater. But he<br>comes around to me, when he gets a chance, and I see he\u2019s<br>better fed than some of the poor bodies. All against The Rules,<br>of course. I\u2019d have had him with me, but that wasn\u2019t allowed.\u2019<br>\u2018Thank\u2019ee indeed, Mr. Cotton, and I\u2019ll never forget it,\u2019 said<br>Sam. \u2018But I want to see him. That Boss and that Sharkey, as<br>they spoke of, they might do a mischief up there before the<br>morning.\u2019<br>\u2018All right, Sam,\u2019 said Cotton. \u2018Choose a lad or two, and<br>go and fetch him to my house. You\u2019ll not have need to go<br>near the old Hobbiton village over Water. My Jolly here will<br>show you.\u2019<br>Sam went off. Merry arranged for look-outs round the<br>village and guards at the barriers during the night. Then<br>he and Frodo went off with Farmer Cotton. They sat with<br>the family in the warm kitchen, and the Cottons asked a few<br>polite questions about their travels, but hardly listened to the<br>answers: they were far more concerned with events in the<br>Shire.<br>\u2018It all began with Pimple, as we call him,\u2019 said Farmer<br>Cotton; \u2018and it began as soon as you\u2019d gone off, Mr. Frodo.<br>He\u2019d funny ideas, had Pimple. Seems he wanted to own<br>everything himself, and then order other folk about. It soon<br>came out that he already did own a sight more than was good<br>for him; and he was always grabbing more, though where he<br>got the money was a mystery: mills and malt-houses and<br>inns, and farms, and leaf-plantations. He\u2019d already bought<br>Sandyman\u2019s mill before he came to Bag End, seemingly.<br>\u2018Of course he started with a lot of property in the Southfarthing which he had from his dad; and it seems he\u2019d been<br>selling a lot o\u2019 the best leaf, and sending it away quietly for a<br>year or two. But at the end o\u2019 last year he began sending<br>away loads of stuff, not only leaf. Things began to get short,<br>and winter coming on, too. Folk got angry, but he had his<br>answer. A lot of Men, ruffians mostly, came with great waggons, some to carry off the goods south-away, and others to<br>the scouring of the shire 1325<br>stay. And more came. And before we knew where we were<br>they were planted here and there all over the Shire, and were<br>felling trees and digging and building themselves sheds and<br>houses just as they liked. At first goods and damage was paid<br>for by Pimple; but soon they began lording it around and<br>taking what they wanted.<br>\u2018Then there was a bit of trouble, but not enough. Old Will<br>the Mayor set off for Bag End to protest, but he never got<br>there. Ruffians laid hands on him and took and locked him<br>up in a hole in Michel Delving, and there he is now. And<br>after that, it would be soon after New Year, there wasn\u2019t no<br>more Mayor, and Pimple called himself Chief Shirriff, or just<br>Chief, and did as he liked; and if anyone got \u2018\u2018uppish\u2019\u2019 as<br>they called it, they followed Will. So things went from bad to<br>worse. There wasn\u2019t no smoke left, save for the Men; and<br>the Chief didn\u2019t hold with beer, save for his Men, and closed<br>all the inns; and everything except Rules got shorter and<br>shorter, unless one could hide a bit of one\u2019s own when the<br>ruffians went round gathering stuff up \u2018\u2018for fair distribution\u2019\u2019:<br>which meant they got it and we didn\u2019t, except for the leavings<br>which you could have at the Shirriff-houses, if you could<br>stomach them. All very bad. But since Sharkey came it\u2019s been<br>plain ruination.\u2019<br>\u2018Who is this Sharkey?\u2019 said Merry. \u2018I heard one of the<br>ruffians speak of him.\u2019<br>\u2018The biggest ruffian o\u2019 the lot, seemingly,\u2019 answered<br>Cotton. \u2018It was about last harvest, end o\u2019 September maybe,<br>that we first heard of him. We\u2019ve never seen him, but he\u2019s<br>up at Bag End; and he\u2019s the real Chief now, I guess. All the<br>ruffians do what he says; and what he says is mostly: hack,<br>burn, and ruin; and now it\u2019s come to killing. There\u2019s no<br>longer even any bad sense in it. They cut down trees and let<br>\u2019em lie, they burn houses and build no more.<br>\u2018Take Sandyman\u2019s mill now. Pimple knocked it down<br>almost as soon as he came to Bag End. Then he brought in<br>a lot o\u2019 dirty-looking Men to build a bigger one and fill it full<br>o\u2019 wheels and outlandish contraptions. Only that fool Ted<br>1326 the return of the king<br>was pleased by that, and he works there cleaning wheels for<br>the Men, where his dad was the Miller and his own master.<br>Pimple\u2019s idea was to grind more and faster, or so he said.<br>He\u2019s got other mills like it. But you\u2019ve got to have grist before<br>you can grind; and there was no more for the new mill to do<br>than for the old. But since Sharkey came they don\u2019t grind no<br>more corn at all. They\u2019re always a-hammering and a-letting<br>out a smoke and a stench, and there isn\u2019t no peace even at<br>night in Hobbiton. And they pour out filth a purpose; they\u2019ve<br>fouled all the lower Water, and it\u2019s getting down into Brandywine. If they want to make the Shire into a desert, they\u2019re<br>going the right way about it. I don\u2019t believe that fool of a<br>Pimple\u2019s behind all this. It\u2019s Sharkey, I say.\u2019<br>\u2018That\u2019s right!\u2019 put in Young Tom. \u2018Why, they even took<br>Pimple\u2019s old ma, that Lobelia, and he was fond of her, if no<br>one else was. Some of the Hobbiton folk, they saw it. She<br>comes down the lane with her old umberella. Some of the<br>ruffians were going up with a big cart.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Where be you a-going?\u2019\u2019 says she.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018To Bag End,\u2019\u2019 says they.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018What for?\u2019\u2019 says she.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018To put up some sheds for Sharkey,\u2019\u2019 says they.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Who said you could?\u2019\u2019 says she.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Sharkey,\u2019\u2019 says they. \u2018\u2018So get out o\u2019 the road, old<br>hagling!\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018I\u2019ll give you Sharkey, you dirty thieving ruffians!\u2019\u2019 says<br>she, and ups with her umberella and goes for the leader, near<br>twice her size. So they took her. Dragged her off to the<br>Lockholes, at her age too. They\u2019ve took others we miss more,<br>but there\u2019s no denying she showed more spirit than most.\u2019<br>Into the middle of this talk came Sam, bursting in with his<br>gaffer. Old Gamgee did not look much older, but he was a<br>little deafer.<br>\u2018Good evening, Mr. Baggins!\u2019 he said. \u2018Glad indeed I am<br>to see you safe back. But I\u2019ve a bone to pick with you, in a<br>manner o\u2019 speaking, if I may make so bold. You didn\u2019t never<br>the scouring of the shire 1327<br>ought to have a\u2019 sold Bag End, as I always said. That\u2019s what<br>started all the mischief. And while you\u2019ve been trapessing in<br>foreign parts, chasing Black Men up mountains from what<br>my Sam says, though what for he don\u2019t make clear, they\u2019ve<br>been and dug up Bagshot Row and ruined my taters!\u2019<br>\u2018I am very sorry, Mr. Gamgee,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018But now I\u2019ve<br>come back, I\u2019ll do my best to make amends.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, you can\u2019t say fairer than that,\u2019 said the Gaffer. \u2018Mr.<br>Frodo Baggins is a real gentlehobbit, I always have said, whatever you may think of some others of the name, begging your<br>pardon. And I hope my Sam\u2019s behaved hisself and given<br>satisfaction?\u2019<br>\u2018Perfect satisfaction, Mr. Gamgee,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Indeed, if<br>you will believe it, he\u2019s now one of the most famous people<br>in all the lands, and they are making songs about his deeds<br>from here to the Sea and beyond the Great River.\u2019 Sam<br>blushed, but he looked gratefully at Frodo, for Rosie\u2019s eyes<br>were shining and she was smiling at him.<br>\u2018It takes a lot o\u2019 believing,\u2019 said the Gaffer, \u2018though I can<br>see he\u2019s been mixing in strange company. What\u2019s come of<br>his weskit? I don\u2019t hold with wearing ironmongery, whether<br>it wears well or no.\u2019<br>Farmer Cotton\u2019s household and all his guests were up early<br>next morning. Nothing had been heard in the night, but more<br>trouble would certainly come before the day was old. \u2018Seems<br>as if none o\u2019 the ruffians were left up at Bag End,\u2019 said<br>Cotton; \u2018but the gang from Waymeet will be along any time<br>now.\u2019<br>After breakfast a messenger from the Tookland rode in.<br>He was in high spirits. \u2018The Thain has raised all our country,\u2019<br>he said, \u2018and the news is going like fire all ways. The ruffians<br>that were watching our land have fled off south, those that<br>escaped alive. The Thain has gone after them, to hold off the<br>big gang down that way; but he\u2019s sent Mr. Peregrin back with<br>all the other folk he can spare.\u2019<br>The next news was less good. Merry, who had been out<br>1328 the return of the king<br>all night, came riding in about ten o\u2019clock. \u2018There\u2019s a big<br>band about four miles away,\u2019 he said. \u2018They\u2019re coming along<br>the road from Waymeet, but a good many stray ruffians have<br>joined up with them. There must be close on a hundred of<br>them; and they\u2019re fire-raising as they come. Curse them!\u2019<br>\u2018Ah! This lot won\u2019t stay to talk, they\u2019ll kill, if they can,\u2019 said<br>Farmer Cotton. \u2018If Tooks don\u2019t come sooner, we\u2019d best get<br>behind cover and shoot without arguing. There\u2019s got to be<br>some fighting before this is settled, Mr. Frodo.\u2019<br>The Tooks did come sooner. Before long they marched<br>in, a hundred strong, from Tuckborough and the Green Hills<br>with Pippin at their head. Merry now had enough sturdy<br>hobbitry to deal with the ruffians. Scouts reported that they<br>were keeping close together. They knew that the countryside<br>had risen against them, and plainly meant to deal with the<br>rebellion ruthlessly, at its centre in Bywater. But however<br>grim they might be, they seemed to have no leader among<br>them who understood warfare. They came on without any<br>precautions. Merry laid his plans quickly.<br>The ruffians came tramping along the East Road, and<br>without halting turned up the Bywater Road, which ran for<br>some way sloping up between high banks with low hedges<br>on top. Round a bend, about a furlong from the main road,<br>they met a stout barrier of old farm-carts upturned. That<br>halted them. At the same moment they became aware that<br>the hedges on both sides, just above their heads, were all<br>lined with hobbits. Behind them other hobbits now pushed<br>out some more waggons that had been hidden in a field,<br>and so blocked the way back. A voice spoke to them from<br>above.<br>\u2018Well, you have walked into a trap,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018Your<br>fellows from Hobbiton did the same, and one is dead and the<br>rest are prisoners. Lay down your weapons! Then go back<br>twenty paces and sit down. Any who try to break out will be<br>shot.\u2019<br>But the ruffians could not now be cowed so easily. A few<br>the scouring of the shire 1329<br>of them obeyed, but were immediately set on by their fellows.<br>A score or more broke back and charged the waggons. Six<br>were shot, but the remainder burst out, killing two hobbits,<br>and then scattering across country in the direction of the<br>Woody End. Two more fell as they ran. Merry blew a loud<br>horn-call, and there were answering calls from a distance.<br>\u2018They won\u2019t get far,\u2019 said Pippin. \u2018All that country is alive<br>with our hunters now.\u2019<br>Behind, the trapped Men in the lane, still about four score,<br>tried to climb the barrier and the banks, and the hobbits were<br>obliged to shoot many of them or hew them with axes. But<br>many of the strongest and most desperate got out on the west<br>side, and attacked their enemies fiercely, being now more<br>bent on killing than escaping. Several hobbits fell, and the<br>rest were wavering, when Merry and Pippin, who were on<br>the east side, came across and charged the ruffians. Merry<br>himself slew the leader, a great squint-eyed brute like a huge<br>orc. Then he drew his forces off, encircling the last remnant<br>of the Men in a wide ring of archers.<br>At last all was over. Nearly seventy of the ruffians lay dead<br>on the field, and a dozen were prisoners. Nineteen hobbits<br>were killed, and some thirty were wounded. The dead ruffians<br>were laden on waggons and hauled off to an old sand-pit<br>nearby and there buried: in the Battle Pit, as it was afterwards<br>called. The fallen hobbits were laid together in a grave on the<br>hill-side, where later a great stone was set up with a garden<br>about it. So ended the Battle of Bywater, 1419, the last battle<br>fought in the Shire, and the only battle since the Greenfields,<br>1147, away up in the Northfarthing. In consequence, though<br>it happily cost very few lives, it has a chapter to itself in the<br>Red Book, and the names of all those who took part were<br>made into a Roll, and learned by heart by Shire-historians.<br>The very considerable rise in the fame and fortune of the<br>Cottons dates from this time; but at the top of the Roll in<br>all accounts stand the names of Captains Meriadoc and<br>Peregrin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1330 the return of the king<br>Frodo had been in the battle, but he had not drawn sword,<br>and his chief part had been to prevent the hobbits in their<br>wrath at their losses, from slaying those of their enemies who<br>threw down their weapons. When the fighting was over, and<br>the later labours were ordered, Merry, Pippin, and Sam<br>joined him, and they rode back with the Cottons. They ate a<br>late midday meal, and then Frodo said with a sigh: \u2018Well, I<br>suppose it is time now that we dealt with the \u2018\u2018Chief\u2019\u2019.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes indeed; the sooner the better,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018And don\u2019t<br>be too gentle! He\u2019s responsible for bringing in these ruffians,<br>and for all the evil they have done.\u2019<br>Farmer Cotton collected an escort of some two dozen<br>sturdy hobbits. \u2018For it\u2019s only a guess that there is no ruffians<br>left at Bag End,\u2019 he said. \u2018We don\u2019t know.\u2019 Then they set out<br>on foot. Frodo, Sam, Merry, and Pippin led the way.<br>It was one of the saddest hours in their lives. The great<br>chimney rose up before them; and as they drew near the old<br>village across the Water, through rows of new mean houses<br>along each side of the road, they saw the new mill in all its<br>frowning and dirty ugliness: a great brick building straddling<br>the stream, which it fouled with a steaming and stinking<br>outflow. All along the Bywater Road every tree had been<br>felled.<br>As they crossed the bridge and looked up the Hill they<br>gasped. Even Sam\u2019s vision in the Mirror had not prepared<br>him for what they saw. The Old Grange on the west side had<br>been knocked down, and its place taken by rows of tarred<br>sheds. All the chestnuts were gone. The banks and hedgerows<br>were broken. Great waggons were standing in disorder in a<br>field beaten bare of grass. Bagshot Row was a yawning sand<br>and gravel quarry. Bag End up beyond could not be seen for<br>a clutter of large huts.<br>\u2018They\u2019ve cut it down!\u2019 cried Sam. \u2018They\u2019ve cut down the<br>Party Tree!\u2019 He pointed to where the tree had stood under<br>which Bilbo had made his Farewell Speech. It was lying<br>lopped and dead in the field. As if this was the last straw Sam<br>burst into tears.<br>the scouring of the shire 1331<br>A laugh put an end to them. There was a surly hobbit<br>lounging over the low wall of the mill-yard. He was grimyfaced and black-handed. \u2018Don\u2019t \u2019ee like it, Sam?\u2019 he sneered.<br>\u2018But you always was soft. I thought you\u2019d gone off in one o\u2019<br>them ships you used to prattle about, sailing, sailing. What<br>d\u2019you want to come back for? We\u2019ve work to do in the Shire<br>now.\u2019<br>\u2018So I see,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018No time for washing, but time for<br>wall-propping. But see here, Master Sandyman, I\u2019ve a score<br>to pay in this village, and don\u2019t you make it any longer with<br>your jeering, or you\u2019ll foot a bill too big for your purse.\u2019<br>Ted Sandyman spat over the wall. \u2018Garn!\u2019 he said. \u2018You<br>can\u2019t touch me. I\u2019m a friend o\u2019 the Boss\u2019s. But he\u2019ll touch<br>you all right, if I have any more of your mouth.\u2019<br>\u2018Don\u2019t waste any more words on the fool, Sam!\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018I hope there are not many more hobbits that have become<br>like this. It would be a worse trouble than all the damage the<br>Men have done.\u2019<br>\u2018You are dirty and insolent, Sandyman,\u2019 said Merry. \u2018And<br>also very much out of your reckoning. We are just going up<br>the Hill to remove your precious Boss. We have dealt with<br>his Men.\u2019<br>Ted gaped, for at that moment he first caught sight of the<br>escort that at a sign from Merry now marched over the<br>bridge. Dashing back into the mill he ran out with a horn and<br>blew it loudly.<br>\u2018Save your breath!\u2019 laughed Merry. \u2018I\u2019ve a better.\u2019 Then<br>lifting up his silver horn he winded it, and its clear call rang<br>over the Hill; and out of the holes and sheds and shabby<br>houses of Hobbiton the hobbits answered, and came pouring<br>out, and with cheers and loud cries they followed the company up the road to Bag End.<br>At the top of the lane the party halted, and Frodo and his<br>friends went on; and they came at last to the once beloved<br>place. The garden was full of huts and sheds, some so near<br>the old westward windows that they cut off all their light.<br>There were piles of refuse everywhere. The door was scarred;<br>1332 the return of the king<br>the bell-chain was dangling loose, and the bell would not<br>ring. Knocking brought no answer. At length they pushed<br>and the door yielded. They went in. The place stank and was<br>full of filth and disorder: it did not appear to have been used<br>for some time.<br>\u2018Where is that miserable Lotho hiding?\u2019 said Merry. They<br>had searched every room and found no living thing save rats<br>and mice. \u2018Shall we turn on the others to search the sheds?\u2019<br>\u2018This is worse than Mordor!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018Much worse in a<br>way. It comes home to you, as they say; because it is home,<br>and you remember it before it was all ruined.\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, this is Mordor,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Just one of its works.<br>Saruman was doing its work all the time, even when he<br>thought he was working for himself. And the same with those<br>that Saruman tricked, like Lotho.\u2019<br>Merry looked round in dismay and disgust. \u2018Let\u2019s get out!\u2019<br>he said. \u2018If I had known all the mischief he had caused, I<br>should have stuffed my pouch down Saruman\u2019s throat.\u2019<br>\u2018No doubt, no doubt! But you did not, and so I am able to<br>welcome you home.\u2019 There standing at the door was<br>Saruman himself, looking well-fed and well-pleased; his eyes<br>gleamed with malice and amusement.<br>A sudden light broke on Frodo. \u2018Sharkey!\u2019 he cried.<br>Saruman laughed. \u2018So you have heard the name, have you?<br>All my people used to call me that in Isengard, I believe. A<br>sign of affection, possibly.* But evidently you did not expect<br>to see me here.\u2019<br>\u2018I did not,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018But I might have guessed. A little<br>mischief in a mean way: Gandalf warned me that you were<br>still capable of it.\u2019<br>\u2018Quite capable,\u2019 said Saruman, \u2018and more than a little. You<br>made me laugh, you hobbit-lordlings, riding along with all<br>those great people, so secure and so pleased with your little<br>selves. You thought you had done very well out of it all, and<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It was probably Orkish in origin: sharku\u02c6, \u2018old man\u2019.<br>the scouring of the shire 1333<br>could now just amble back and have a nice quiet time in the<br>country. Saruman\u2019s home could be all wrecked, and he could<br>be turned out, but no one could touch yours. Oh no! Gandalf<br>would look after your affairs.\u2019<br>Saruman laughed again. \u2018Not he! When his tools have done<br>their task he drops them. But you must go dangling after<br>him, dawdling and talking, and riding round twice as far as<br>you needed. \u2018\u2018Well,\u2019\u2019 thought I, \u2018\u2018if they\u2019re such fools, I will<br>get ahead of them and teach them a lesson. One ill turn<br>deserves another.\u2019\u2019 It would have been a sharper lesson, if<br>only you had given me a little more time and more Men. Still<br>I have already done much that you will find it hard to mend<br>or undo in your lives. And it will be pleasant to think of that<br>and set it against my injuries.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, if that is what you find pleasure in,\u2019 said Frodo, \u2018I<br>pity you. It will be a pleasure of memory only, I fear. Go at<br>once and never return!\u2019<br>The hobbits of the villages had seen Saruman come out of<br>one of the huts, and at once they came crowding up to the<br>door of Bag End. When they heard Frodo\u2019s command, they<br>murmured angrily:<br>\u2018Don\u2019t let him go! Kill him! He\u2019s a villain and a murderer.<br>Kill him!\u2019<br>Saruman looked round at their hostile faces and smiled.<br>\u2018Kill him!\u2019 he mocked. \u2018Kill him, if you think there are enough<br>of you, my brave hobbits!\u2019 He drew himself up and stared at<br>them darkly with his black eyes. \u2018But do not think that when<br>I lost all my goods I lost all my power! Whoever strikes me<br>shall be accursed. And if my blood stains the Shire, it shall<br>wither and never again be healed.\u2019<br>The hobbits recoiled. But Frodo said: \u2018Do not believe him!<br>He has lost all power, save his voice that can still daunt you<br>and deceive you, if you let it. But I will not have him slain. It<br>is useless to meet revenge with revenge: it will heal nothing.<br>Go, Saruman, by the speediest way!\u2019<br>\u2018Worm! Worm!\u2019 Saruman called; and out of a nearby hut<br>came Wormtongue, crawling, almost like a dog. \u2018To the road<br>1334 the return of the king<br>again, Worm!\u2019 said Saruman. \u2018These fine fellows and lordlings are turning us adrift again. Come along!\u2019<br>Saruman turned to go, and Wormtongue shuffled after<br>him. But even as Saruman passed close to Frodo a knife<br>flashed in his hand, and he stabbed swiftly. The blade turned<br>on the hidden mail-coat and snapped. A dozen hobbits, led<br>by Sam, leaped forward with a cry and flung the villain to<br>the ground. Sam drew his sword.<br>\u2018No, Sam!\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018Do not kill him even now. For he<br>has not hurt me. And in any case I do not wish him to be<br>slain in this evil mood. He was great once, of a noble kind<br>that we should not dare to raise our hands against. He is<br>fallen, and his cure is beyond us; but I would still spare him,<br>in the hope that he may find it.\u2019<br>Saruman rose to his feet, and stared at Frodo. There was<br>a strange look in his eyes of mingled wonder and respect and<br>hatred. \u2018You have grown, Halfling,\u2019 he said. \u2018Yes, you have<br>grown very much. You are wise, and cruel. You have robbed<br>my revenge of sweetness, and now I must go hence in bitterness, in debt to your mercy. I hate it and you! Well, I go and<br>I will trouble you no more. But do not expect me to wish you<br>health and long life. You will have neither. But that is not my<br>doing. I merely foretell.\u2019<br>He walked away, and the hobbits made a lane for him to<br>pass; but their knuckles whitened as they gripped on their weapons. Wormtongue hesitated, and then followed his master.<br>\u2018Wormtongue!\u2019 called Frodo. \u2018You need not follow him. I<br>know of no evil you have done to me. You can have rest and<br>food here for a while, until you are stronger and can go your<br>own ways.\u2019<br>Wormtongue halted and looked back at him, half prepared<br>to stay. Saruman turned. \u2018No evil?\u2019 he cackled. \u2018Oh no! Even<br>when he sneaks out at night it is only to look at the stars. But<br>did I hear someone ask where poor Lotho is hiding? You<br>know, don\u2019t you, Worm? Will you tell them?\u2019<br>Wormtongue cowered down and whimpered: \u2018No, no!\u2019<br>\u2018Then I will,\u2019 said Saruman. \u2018Worm killed your Chief, poor<br>the scouring of the shire 1335<br>little fellow, your nice little Boss. Didn\u2019t you, Worm? Stabbed<br>him in his sleep, I believe. Buried him, I hope; though Worm<br>has been very hungry lately. No, Worm is not really nice.<br>You had better leave him to me.\u2019<br>A look of wild hatred came into Wormtongue\u2019s red eyes.<br>\u2018You told me to; you made me do it,\u2019 he hissed.<br>Saruman laughed. \u2018You do what Sharkey says, always,<br>don\u2019t you, Worm? Well, now he says: follow!\u2019 He kicked<br>Wormtongue in the face as he grovelled, and turned and<br>made off. But at that something snapped: suddenly Wormtongue rose up, drawing a hidden knife, and then with a snarl<br>like a dog he sprang on Saruman\u2019s back, jerked his head back,<br>cut his throat, and with a yell ran off down the lane. Before<br>Frodo could recover or speak a word, three hobbit-bows<br>twanged and Wormtongue fell dead.<br>To the dismay of those that stood by, about the body of<br>Saruman a grey mist gathered, and rising slowly to a great<br>height like smoke from a fire, as a pale shrouded figure it<br>loomed over the Hill. For a moment it wavered, looking to<br>the West; but out of the West came a cold wind, and it bent<br>away, and with a sigh dissolved into nothing.<br>Frodo looked down at the body with pity and horror, for<br>as he looked it seemed that long years of death were suddenly<br>revealed in it, and it shrank, and the shrivelled face became<br>rags of skin upon a hideous skull. Lifting up the skirt of the<br>dirty cloak that sprawled beside it, he covered it over, and<br>turned away.<br>\u2018And that\u2019s the end of that,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018A nasty end, and I<br>wish I needn\u2019t have seen it; but it\u2019s a good riddance.\u2019<br>\u2018And the very last end of the War, I hope,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018I hope so,\u2019 said Frodo and sighed. \u2018The very last stroke. But<br>to think that it should fall here, at the very door of Bag End!<br>Among all my hopes and fears at least I never expected that.\u2019<br>\u2018I shan\u2019t call it the end, till we\u2019ve cleared up the mess,\u2019 said<br>Sam gloomily. \u2018And that\u2019ll take a lot of time and work.\u2019<br>Chapter 9<br>THE GREY HAVENS<br>The clearing up certainly needed a lot of work, but it took<br>less time than Sam had feared. The day after the battle Frodo<br>rode to Michel Delving and released the prisoners from the<br>Lockholes. One of the first that they found was poor Fredegar<br>Bolger, Fatty no longer. He had been taken when the ruffians<br>smoked out a band of rebels that he led from their hidings<br>up in the Brockenbores by the hills of Scary.<br>\u2018You would have done better to come with us after all,<br>poor old Fredegar!\u2019 said Pippin, as they carried him out too<br>weak to walk.<br>He opened an eye and tried gallantly to smile. \u2018Who\u2019s this<br>young giant with the loud voice?\u2019 he whispered. \u2018Not little<br>Pippin! What\u2019s your size in hats now?\u2019<br>Then there was Lobelia. Poor thing, she looked very old<br>and thin when they rescued her from a dark and narrow cell.<br>She insisted on hobbling out on her own feet; and she had<br>such a welcome, and there was such clapping and cheering<br>when she appeared, leaning on Frodo\u2019s arm but still clutching<br>her umbrella, that she was quite touched, and drove away in<br>tears. She had never in her life been popular before. But she<br>was crushed by the news of Lotho\u2019s murder, and she would<br>not return to Bag End. She gave it back to Frodo, and went<br>to her own people, the Bracegirdles of Hardbottle.<br>When the poor creature died next spring \u2013 she was after<br>all more than a hundred years old \u2013 Frodo was surprised and<br>much moved: she had left all that remained of her money<br>and of Lotho\u2019s for him to use in helping hobbits made homeless by the troubles. So that feud was ended.<br>Old Will Whitfoot had been in the Lockholes longer than<br>any, and though he had perhaps been treated less harshly<br>the grey havens 1337<br>than some, he needed a lot of feeding up before he could<br>look the part of Mayor; so Frodo agreed to act as his Deputy,<br>until Mr. Whitfoot was in shape again. The only thing that<br>he did as Deputy Mayor was to reduce the Shirriffs to their<br>proper functions and numbers. The task of hunting out the<br>last remnant of the ruffians was left to Merry and Pippin,<br>and it was soon done. The southern gangs, after hearing the<br>news of the Battle of Bywater, fled out of the land and offered<br>little resistance to the Thain. Before the Year\u2019s End the few<br>survivors were rounded up in the woods, and those that<br>surrendered were shown to the borders.<br>Meanwhile the labour of repair went on apace, and Sam<br>was kept very busy. Hobbits can work like bees when the<br>mood and the need comes on them. Now there were thousands of willing hands of all ages, from the small but nimble<br>ones of the hobbit lads and lasses to the well-worn and horny<br>ones of the gaffers and gammers. Before Yule not a brick was<br>left standing of the new Shirriff-houses or of anything that<br>had been built by \u2018Sharkey\u2019s Men\u2019; but the bricks were used<br>to repair many an old hole, to make it snugger and drier.<br>Great stores of goods and food, and beer, were found that<br>had been hidden away by the ruffians in sheds and barns<br>and deserted holes, and especially in the tunnels at Michel<br>Delving and in the old quarries at Scary; so that there was a<br>great deal better cheer that Yule than anyone had hoped for.<br>One of the first things done in Hobbiton, before even the<br>removal of the new mill, was the clearing of the Hill and Bag<br>End, and the restoration of Bagshot Row. The front of the<br>new sand-pit was all levelled and made into a large sheltered<br>garden, and new holes were dug in the southward face, back<br>into the Hill, and they were lined with brick. The Gaffer was<br>restored to Number Three; and he said often and did not<br>care who heard it:<br>\u2018It\u2019s an ill wind as blows nobody no good, as I always say.<br>And All\u2019s well as ends Better!\u2019<br>There was some discussion of the name that the new row<br>should be given. Battle Gardens was thought of, or Better<br>1338 the return of the king<br>Smials. But after a while in sensible hobbit-fashion it was just<br>called New Row. It was a purely Bywater joke to refer to it as<br>Sharkey\u2019s End.<br>The trees were the worst loss and damage, for at Sharkey\u2019s<br>bidding they had been cut down recklessly far and wide over<br>the Shire; and Sam grieved over this more than anything else.<br>For one thing, this hurt would take long to heal, and only his<br>great-grandchildren, he thought, would see the Shire as it<br>ought to be.<br>Then suddenly one day, for he had been too busy for<br>weeks to give a thought to his adventures, he remembered<br>the gift of Galadriel. He brought the box out and showed it<br>to the other Travellers (for so they were now called by everyone), and asked their advice.<br>\u2018I wondered when you would think of it,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018Open it!\u2019<br>Inside it was filled with a grey dust, soft and fine, in the<br>middle of which was a seed, like a small nut with a silver<br>shale. \u2018What can I do with this?\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018Throw it in the air on a breezy day and let it do its work!\u2019<br>said Pippin.<br>\u2018On what?\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018Choose one spot as a nursery, and see what happens to<br>the plants there,\u2019 said Merry.<br>\u2018But I\u2019m sure the Lady would not like me to keep it all for<br>my own garden, now so many folk have suffered,\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018Use all the wits and knowledge you have of your own,<br>Sam,\u2019 said Frodo, \u2018and then use the gift to help your work<br>and better it. And use it sparingly. There is not much here,<br>and I expect every grain has a value.\u2019<br>So Sam planted saplings in all the places where specially<br>beautiful or beloved trees had been destroyed, and he put a<br>grain of the precious dust in the soil at the root of each. He<br>went up and down the Shire in this labour; but if he paid<br>special attention to Hobbiton and Bywater no one blamed<br>him. And at the end he found that he still had a little of the<br>the grey havens 1339<br>dust left; so he went to the Three-Farthing Stone, which is<br>as near the centre of the Shire as no matter, and cast it in the<br>air with his blessing. The little silver nut he planted in the<br>Party Field where the tree had once been; and he wondered<br>what would come of it. All through the winter he remained<br>as patient as he could, and tried to restrain himself from<br>going round constantly to see if anything was happening.<br>Spring surpassed his wildest hopes. His trees began to<br>sprout and grow, as if time was in a hurry and wished to<br>make one year do for twenty. In the Party Field a beautiful<br>young sapling leaped up: it had silver bark and long leaves<br>and burst into golden flowers in April. It was indeed a mallorn,<br>and it was the wonder of the neighbourhood. In after years,<br>as it grew in grace and beauty, it was known far and wide<br>and people would come long journeys to see it: the only<br>mallorn west of the Mountains and east of the Sea, and one<br>of the finest in the world.<br>Altogether 1420 in the Shire was a marvellous year. Not<br>only was there wonderful sunshine and delicious rain, in<br>due times and perfect measure, but there seemed something<br>more: an air of richness and growth, and a gleam of a beauty<br>beyond that of mortal summers that flicker and pass upon<br>this Middle-earth. All the children born or begotten in that<br>year, and there were many, were fair to see and strong, and<br>most of them had a rich golden hair that had before been<br>rare among hobbits. The fruit was so plentiful that young<br>hobbits very nearly bathed in strawberries and cream; and<br>later they sat on the lawns under the plum-trees and ate, until<br>they had made piles of stones like small pyramids or the<br>heaped skulls of a conqueror, and then they moved on. And<br>no one was ill, and everyone was pleased, except those who<br>had to mow the grass.<br>In the Southfarthing the vines were laden, and the yield of<br>\u2018leaf\u2019 was astonishing; and everywhere there was so much<br>corn that at Harvest every barn was stuffed. The Northfarthing barley was so fine that the beer of 1420 malt was long<br>1340 the return of the king<br>remembered and became a byword. Indeed a generation later<br>one might hear an old gaffer in an inn, after a good pint of<br>well-earned ale, put down his mug with a sigh: \u2018Ah! that was<br>proper fourteen-twenty, that was!\u2019<br>Sam stayed at first at the Cottons\u2019 with Frodo; but when<br>the New Row was ready he went with the Gaffer. In addition<br>to all his other labours he was busy directing the cleaning up<br>and restoring of Bag End; but he was often away in the Shire<br>on his forestry work. So he was not at home in early March<br>and did not know that Frodo had been ill. On the thirteenth<br>of that month Farmer Cotton found Frodo lying on his bed;<br>he was clutching a white gem that hung on a chain about his<br>neck and he seemed half in a dream.<br>\u2018It is gone for ever,\u2019 he said, \u2018and now all is dark and<br>empty.\u2019<br>But the fit passed, and when Sam got back on the twentyfifth, Frodo had recovered, and he said nothing about himself.<br>In the meanwhile Bag End had been set in order, and Merry<br>and Pippin came over from Crickhollow bringing back all the<br>old furniture and gear, so that the old hole soon looked very<br>much as it always had done.<br>When all was at last ready Frodo said: \u2018When are you going<br>to move in and join me, Sam?\u2019<br>Sam looked a bit awkward.<br>\u2018There is no need to come yet, if you don\u2019t want to,\u2019 said<br>Frodo. \u2018But you know the Gaffer is close at hand, and he will<br>be very well looked after by Widow Rumble.\u2019<br>\u2018It\u2019s not that, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam, and he went very red.<br>\u2018Well, what is it?\u2019<br>\u2018It\u2019s Rosie, Rose Cotton,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018It seems she didn\u2019t<br>like my going abroad at all, poor lass; but as I hadn\u2019t spoken,<br>she couldn\u2019t say so. And I didn\u2019t speak, because I had a job<br>to do first. But now I have spoken, and she says: \u2018\u2018Well,<br>you\u2019ve wasted a year, so why wait longer?\u2019\u2019 \u2018\u2018Wasted?\u2019\u2019 I says.<br>\u2018\u2018I wouldn\u2019t call it that.\u2019\u2019 Still I see what she means. I feel torn<br>in two, as you might say.\u2019<br>the grey havens 1341<br>\u2018I see,\u2019 said Frodo: \u2018you want to get married, and yet you<br>want to live with me in Bag End too? But my dear Sam, how<br>easy! Get married as soon as you can, and then move in with<br>Rosie. There\u2019s room enough in Bag End for as big a family<br>as you could wish for.\u2019<br>And so it was settled. Sam Gamgee married Rose Cotton<br>in the spring of 1420 (which was also famous for its weddings), and they came and lived at Bag End. And if Sam<br>thought himself lucky, Frodo knew that he was more lucky<br>himself; for there was not a hobbit in the Shire that was<br>looked after with such care. When the labours of repair had<br>all been planned and set going he took to a quiet life, writing<br>a great deal and going through all his notes. He resigned the<br>office of Deputy Mayor at the Free Fair that Midsummer,<br>and dear old Will Whitfoot had another seven years of presiding at Banquets.<br>Merry and Pippin lived together for some time at Crickhollow, and there was much coming and going between<br>Buckland and Bag End. The two young Travellers cut a great<br>dash in the Shire with their songs and their tales and their<br>finery, and their wonderful parties. \u2018Lordly\u2019 folk called them,<br>meaning nothing but good; for it warmed all hearts to see<br>them go riding by with their mail-shirts so bright and their<br>shields so splendid, laughing and singing songs of far away;<br>and if they were now large and magnificent, they were unchanged otherwise, unless they were indeed more fairspoken<br>and more jovial and full of merriment than ever before.<br>Frodo and Sam, however, went back to ordinary attire,<br>except that when there was need they both wore long grey<br>cloaks, finely woven and clasped at the throat with beautiful<br>brooches; and Mr. Frodo wore always a white jewel on a<br>chain that he often would finger.<br>All things now went well, with hope always of becoming<br>still better; and Sam was as busy and as full of delight as even<br>a hobbit could wish. Nothing for him marred that whole<br>year, except for some vague anxiety about his master. Frodo<br>1342 the return of the king<br>dropped quietly out of all the doings of the Shire, and Sam<br>was pained to notice how little honour he had in his own<br>country. Few people knew or wanted to know about his deeds<br>and adventures; their admiration and respect were given<br>mostly to Mr. Meriadoc and Mr. Peregrin and (if Sam had<br>known it) to himself. Also in the autumn there appeared a<br>shadow of old troubles.<br>One evening Sam came into the study and found his master<br>looking very strange. He was very pale and his eyes seemed<br>to see things far away.<br>\u2018What\u2019s the matter, Mr. Frodo?\u2019 said Sam.<br>\u2018I am wounded,\u2019 he answered, \u2018wounded; it will never really<br>heal.\u2019<br>But then he got up, and the turn seemed to pass, and he<br>was quite himself the next day. It was not until afterwards<br>that Sam recalled that the date was October the sixth. Two<br>years before on that day it was dark in the dell under<br>Weathertop.<br>Time went on, and 1421 came in. Frodo was ill again in<br>March, but with a great effort he concealed it, for Sam had<br>other things to think about. The first of Sam and Rosie\u2019s<br>children was born on the twenty-fifth of March, a date that<br>Sam noted.<br>\u2018Well, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 he said. \u2018I\u2019m in a bit of a fix. Rose and<br>me had settled to call him Frodo, with your leave; but it\u2019s not<br>him, it\u2019s her. Though as pretty a maidchild as anyone could<br>hope for, taking after Rose more than me, luckily. So we<br>don\u2019t know what to do.\u2019<br>\u2018Well, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo, \u2018what\u2019s wrong with the old customs? Choose a flower name like Rose. Half the maidchildren<br>in the Shire are called by such names, and what could be<br>better?\u2019<br>\u2018I suppose you\u2019re right, Mr. Frodo,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018I\u2019ve heard<br>some beautiful names on my travels, but I suppose they\u2019re a<br>bit too grand for daily wear and tear, as you might say. The<br>Gaffer, he says: \u2018\u2018Make it short, and then you won\u2019t have to<br>the grey havens 1343<br>cut it short before you can use it.\u2019\u2019 But if it\u2019s to be a flowername, then I don\u2019t trouble about the length: it must be a<br>beautiful flower, because, you see, I think she is very beautiful, and is going to be beautifuller still.\u2019<br>Frodo thought for a moment. \u2018Well, Sam, what about<br>elanor, the sun-star, you remember the little golden flower in<br>the grass of Lothlo\u00b4rien?\u2019<br>\u2018You\u2019re right again, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 said Sam delighted.<br>\u2018That\u2019s what I wanted.\u2019<br>Little Elanor was nearly six months old, and 1421 had<br>passed to its autumn, when Frodo called Sam into the study.<br>\u2018It will be Bilbo\u2019s Birthday on Thursday, Sam,\u2019 he said.<br>\u2018And he will pass the Old Took. He will be a hundred and<br>thirty-one!\u2019<br>\u2018So he will!\u2019 said Sam. \u2018He\u2019s a marvel!\u2019<br>\u2018Well, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo, \u2018I want you to see Rose and find<br>out if she can spare you, so that you and I can go off together.<br>You can\u2019t go far or for a long time now, of course,\u2019 he said a<br>little wistfully.<br>\u2018Well, not very well, Mr. Frodo.\u2019<br>\u2018Of course not. But never mind. You can see me on my<br>way. Tell Rose that you won\u2019t be away very long, not more<br>than a fortnight; and you\u2019ll come back quite safe.\u2019<br>\u2018I wish I could go all the way with you to Rivendell, Mr.<br>Frodo, and see Mr. Bilbo,\u2019 said Sam. \u2018And yet the only place<br>I really want to be in is here. I am that torn in two.\u2019<br>\u2018Poor Sam! It will feel like that, I am afraid,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018But you will be healed. You were meant to be solid and<br>whole, and you will be.\u2019<br>In the next day or two Frodo went through his papers and<br>his writings with Sam, and he handed over his keys. There<br>was a big book with plain red leather covers; its tall pages<br>were now almost filled. At the beginning there were many<br>leaves covered with Bilbo\u2019s thin wandering hand; but most<br>of it was written in Frodo\u2019s firm flowing script. It was divided<br>1344 the return of the king<br>into chapters but Chapter 80 was unfinished, and after that<br>were some blank leaves. The title page had many titles on it,<br>crossed out one after another, so:<br>My Diary. My Unexpected Journey. There and Back Again.<br>And What Happened After.<br>Adventures of Five Hobbits. The Tale of the Great Ring, compiled by Bilbo Baggins from his own observations and the<br>accounts of his friends. What we did in the War of the Ring.<br>Here Bilbo\u2019s hand ended and Frodo had written:<br>the downfall<br>of the<br>lord of the rings<br>and the<br>return of the king<br>(as seen by the Little People; being the memoirs of Bilbo<br>and Frodo of the Shire, supplemented by the accounts of<br>their friends and the learning of the Wise.)<br>Together with extracts from Books of Lore translated by<br>Bilbo in Rivendell.<br>\u2018Why, you have nearly finished it, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 Sam<br>exclaimed. \u2018Well, you have kept at it, I must say.\u2019<br>\u2018I have quite finished, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018The last pages<br>are for you.\u2019<br>On September the twenty-first they set out together, Frodo<br>on the pony that had borne him all the way from Minas<br>Tirith, and was now called Strider; and Sam on his beloved<br>Bill. It was a fair golden morning, and Sam did not ask where<br>they were going: he thought he could guess.<br>They took the Stock Road over the hills and went towards<br>the Woody End, and they let their ponies walk at their leisure.<br>the grey havens 1345<br>They camped in the Green Hills, and on September the<br>twenty-second they rode gently down into the beginning of<br>the trees as afternoon was wearing away.<br>\u2018If that isn\u2019t the very tree you hid behind when the Black<br>Rider first showed up, Mr. Frodo!\u2019 said Sam pointing to the<br>left. \u2018It seems like a dream now.\u2019<br>It was evening, and the stars were glimmering in the eastern<br>sky as they passed the ruined oak and turned and went on<br>down the hill between the hazel-thickets. Sam was silent,<br>deep in his memories. Presently he became aware that Frodo<br>was singing softly to himself, singing the old walking-song,<br>but the words were not quite the same.<br>Still round the corner there may wait<br>A new road or a secret gate;<br>And though I oft have passed them by,<br>A day will come at last when I<br>Shall take the hidden paths that run<br>West of the Moon, East of the Sun.<br>And as if in answer, from down below, coming up the road<br>out of the valley, voices sang:<br>A! Elbereth Gilthoniel!<br>silivren penna m\u0131\u00b4riel<br>o menel aglar elenath,<br>Gilthoniel, A! Elbereth!<br>We still remember, we who dwell<br>In this far land beneath the trees<br>The starlight on the Western Seas.<br>Frodo and Sam halted and sat silent in the soft shadows,<br>until they saw a shimmer as the travellers came towards them.<br>There was Gildor and many fair Elven folk; and there to<br>Sam\u2019s wonder rode Elrond and Galadriel. Elrond wore a<br>mantle of grey and had a star upon his forehead, and a silver<br>1346 the return of the king<br>harp was in his hand, and upon his finger was a ring of gold<br>with a great blue stone, Vilya, mightiest of the Three. But<br>Galadriel sat upon a white palfrey and was robed all in glimmering white, like clouds about the Moon; for she herself<br>seemed to shine with a soft light. On her finger was Nenya,<br>the ring wrought of mithril, that bore a single white stone<br>flickering like a frosty star. Riding slowly behind on a small<br>grey pony, and seeming to nod in his sleep, was Bilbo himself.<br>Elrond greeted them gravely and graciously, and Galadriel<br>smiled upon them. \u2018Well, Master Samwise,\u2019 she said. \u2018I hear<br>and see that you have used my gift well. The Shire shall now<br>be more than ever blessed and beloved.\u2019 Sam bowed, but<br>found nothing to say. He had forgotten how beautiful the<br>Lady was.<br>Then Bilbo woke up and opened his eyes. \u2018Hullo, Frodo!\u2019<br>he said. \u2018Well, I have passed the Old Took today! So that\u2019s<br>settled. And now I think I am quite ready to go on another<br>journey. Are you coming?\u2019<br>\u2018Yes, I am coming,\u2019 said Frodo. \u2018The Ring-bearers should<br>go together.\u2019<br>\u2018Where are you going, Master?\u2019 cried Sam, though at last<br>he understood what was happening.<br>\u2018To the Havens, Sam,\u2019 said Frodo.<br>\u2018And I can\u2019t come.\u2019<br>\u2018No, Sam. Not yet anyway, not further than the Havens.<br>Though you too were a Ring-bearer, if only for a little while.<br>Your time may come. Do not be too sad, Sam. You cannot<br>be always torn in two. You will have to be one and whole,<br>for many years. You have so much to enjoy and to be, and<br>to do.\u2019<br>\u2018But,\u2019 said Sam, and tears started in his eyes, \u2018I thought<br>you were going to enjoy the Shire, too, for years and years,<br>after all you have done.\u2019<br>\u2018So I thought too, once. But I have been too deeply hurt,<br>Sam. I tried to save the Shire, and it has been saved, but not<br>for me. It must often be so, Sam, when things are in danger:<br>some one has to give them up, lose them, so that others may<br>the grey havens 1347<br>keep them. But you are my heir: all that I had and might have<br>had I leave to you. And also you have Rose, and Elanor;<br>and Frodo-lad will come, and Rosie-lass, and Merry, and<br>Goldilocks, and Pippin; and perhaps more that I cannot see.<br>Your hands and your wits will be needed everywhere. You<br>will be the Mayor, of course, as long as you want to be, and<br>the most famous gardener in history; and you will read things<br>out of the Red Book, and keep alive the memory of the age<br>that is gone, so that people will remember the Great Danger<br>and so love their beloved land all the more. And that will<br>keep you as busy and as happy as anyone can be, as long as<br>your part of the Story goes on.<br>\u2018Come now, ride with me!\u2019<br>Then Elrond and Galadriel rode on; for the Third Age was<br>over, and the Days of the Rings were passed, and an end was<br>come of the story and song of those times. With them went<br>many Elves of the High Kindred who would no longer stay<br>in Middle-earth; and among them, filled with a sadness that<br>was yet blessed and without bitterness, rode Sam, and Frodo,<br>and Bilbo, and the Elves delighted to honour them.<br>Though they rode through the midst of the Shire all the<br>evening and all the night, none saw them pass, save the wild<br>creatures; or here and there some wanderer in the dark who<br>saw a swift shimmer under the trees, or a light and shadow<br>flowing through the grass as the Moon went westward. And<br>when they had passed from the Shire, going about the south<br>skirts of the White Downs, they came to the Far Downs, and<br>to the Towers, and looked on the distant Sea; and so they<br>rode down at last to Mithlond, to the Grey Havens in the<br>long firth of Lune.<br>As they came to the gates C\u0131\u00b4rdan the Shipwright came<br>forth to greet them. Very tall he was, and his beard was long,<br>and he was grey and old, save that his eyes were keen as stars;<br>and he looked at them and bowed, and said: \u2018All is now<br>ready.\u2019<br>Then C\u0131\u00b4rdan led them to the Havens, and there was a<br>1348 the return of the king<br>white ship lying, and upon the quay beside a great grey horse<br>stood a figure robed all in white awaiting them. As he turned<br>and came towards them Frodo saw that Gandalf now wore<br>openly on his hand the Third Ring, Narya the Great, and the<br>stone upon it was red as fire. Then those who were to go<br>were glad, for they knew that Gandalf also would take ship<br>with them.<br>But Sam was now sorrowful at heart, and it seemed to him<br>that if the parting would be bitter, more grievous still would<br>be the long road home alone. But even as they stood there,<br>and the Elves were going aboard, and all was being made<br>ready to depart, up rode Merry and Pippin in great haste.<br>And amid his tears Pippin laughed.<br>\u2018You tried to give us the slip once before and failed, Frodo,\u2019<br>he said. \u2018This time you have nearly succeeded, but you have<br>failed again. It was not Sam, though, that gave you away this<br>time, but Gandalf himself!\u2019<br>\u2018Yes,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018for it will be better to ride back three<br>together than one alone. Well, here at last, dear friends, on<br>the shores of the Sea comes the end of our fellowship in<br>Middle-earth. Go in peace! I will not say: do not weep; for<br>not all tears are an evil.\u2019<br>Then Frodo kissed Merry and Pippin, and last of all Sam,<br>and went aboard; and the sails were drawn up, and the wind<br>blew, and slowly the ship slipped away down the long grey<br>firth; and the light of the glass of Galadriel that Frodo bore<br>glimmered and was lost. And the ship went out into the High<br>Sea and passed on into the West, until at last on a night of<br>rain Frodo smelled a sweet fragrance on the air and heard<br>the sound of singing that came over the water. And then it<br>seemed to him that as in his dream in the house of Bombadil,<br>the grey rain-curtain turned all to silver glass and was rolled<br>back, and he beheld white shores and beyond them a far<br>green country under a swift sunrise.<br>But to Sam the evening deepened to darkness as he stood<br>at the Haven; and as he looked at the grey sea he saw only a<br>shadow on the waters that was soon lost in the West. There<br>the grey havens 1349<br>still he stood far into the night, hearing only the sigh and<br>murmur of the waves on the shores of Middle-earth, and the<br>sound of them sank deep into his heart. Beside him stood<br>Merry and Pippin, and they were silent.<br>At last the three companions turned away, and never again<br>looking back they rode slowly homewards; and they spoke no<br>word to one another until they came back to the Shire, but<br>each had great comfort in his friends on the long grey road.<br>At last they rode over the downs and took the East Road,<br>and then Merry and Pippin rode on to Buckland; and already<br>they were singing again as they went. But Sam turned to<br>Bywater, and so came back up the Hill, as day was ending<br>once more. And he went on, and there was yellow light, and<br>fire within; and the evening meal was ready, and he was<br>expected. And Rose drew him in, and set him in his chair,<br>and put little Elanor upon his lap.<br>He drew a deep breath. \u2018Well, I\u2019m back,\u2019 he said.<br>APPENDIX A<br>ANNALS OF THE KINGS AND RULERS<br>Concerning the sources for most of the matter contained in the<br>following Appendices, especially A to D, see the note at the end<br>of the Prologue. The section A III, Durin\u2019s Folk, was probably<br>derived from Gimli the Dwarf, who maintained his friendship<br>with Peregrin and Meriadoc and met them again many times in<br>Gondor and Rohan.<br>The legends, histories, and lore to be found in the sources are<br>very extensive. Only selections from them, in most places much<br>abridged, are here presented. Their principal purpose is to illustrate the War of the Ring and its origins, and to fill up some of<br>the gaps in the main story. The ancient legends of the First Age,<br>in which Bilbo\u2019s chief interest lay, are very briefly referred to,<br>since they concern the ancestry of Elrond and the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean<br>kings and chieftains. Actual extracts from longer annals and tales<br>are placed within quotation marks. Insertions of later date are<br>enclosed in brackets. Notes within quotation marks are found in<br>the sources. Others are editorial.1<br>The dates given are those of the Third Age, unless they are<br>marked S.A. (Second Age) or F.A. (Fourth Age). The Third<br>Age was held to have ended when the Three Rings passed away<br>in September 3021, but for the purposes of records in Gondor<br>F.A.1 began on March 25, 3021. On the equation of the dating<br>of Gondor and Shire Reckoning see Vol. I p. 6 and III pp. 1463\u2013<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In lists the dates following the names of kings and rulers are<br>the dates of their deaths, if only one date is given. The sign \u2020<br>indicates a premature death, in battle or otherwise, though an<br>annal of the event is not always included.<br>1 A few references are given by page to this edition of The Lord of the<br>Rings, and to the hardback 4th (reset 4th edition (1995)) edition of The<br>Hobbit.<br>1352 the return of the king<br>I<br>THE NU\u00b4 MENO\u00b4 REAN KINGS<br>(i)<br>nu\u00b4 menor<br>Fe\u00a8anor was the greatest of the Eldar in arts and lore, but also the<br>proudest and most selfwilled. He wrought the Three Jewels, the<br>Silmarilli, and filled them with the radiance of the Two Trees,<br>Telperion and Laurelin,1 that gave light to the land of the Valar.<br>The Jewels were coveted by Morgoth the Enemy, who stole them<br>and, after destroying the Trees, took them to Middle-earth, and<br>guarded them in his great fortress of Thangorodrim.2 Against<br>the will of the Valar Fe\u00a8anor forsook the Blessed Realm and went<br>in exile to Middle-earth, leading with him a great part of his<br>people; for in his pride he purposed to recover the Jewels from<br>Morgoth by force. Thereafter followed the hopeless war of the<br>Eldar and the Edain against Thangorodrim, in which they were<br>at last utterly defeated. The Edain (Atani) were three peoples of<br>Men who, coming first to the West of Middle-earth and the<br>shores of the Great Sea, became allies of the Eldar against the<br>Enemy.<br>There were three unions of the Eldar and the Edain: Lu\u00b4thien<br>and Beren; Idril and Tuor; Arwen and Aragorn. By the last the<br>long-sundered branches of the Half-elven were reunited and<br>their line was restored.<br>Lu\u00b4thien Tinu\u00b4viel was the daughter of King Thingol Greycloak of Doriath in the First Age, but her mother was Melian of<br>the people of the Valar. Beren was the son of Barahir of the First<br>House of the Edain. Together they wrested a silmaril from the<br>Iron Crown of Morgoth.3 Lu\u00b4thien became mortal and was lost<br>to Elven-kind. Dior was her son. Elwing was his daughter and<br>had in her keeping the silmaril.<br>Idril Celebrindal was the daughter of Turgon, king of the<br>1 Cf. pp. 318; 781; 1273: no likeness remained in Middle-earth of<br>Laurelin the Golden. 2 p. 316; p. 932. 3 p. 253; p. 932.<br>appendix a 1353<br>hidden city of Gondolin.1 Tuor was the son of Huor of the<br>House of Hador, the Third House of the Edain and the most<br>renowned in the wars with Morgoth. Ea\u00a8rendil the Mariner was<br>their son.<br>Ea\u00a8rendil wedded Elwing, and with the power of the silmaril<br>passed the Shadows2 and came to the Uttermost West, and<br>speaking as ambassador of both Elves and Men obtained the<br>help by which Morgoth was overthrown. Ea\u00a8rendil was not permitted to return to mortal lands, and his ship bearing the silmaril<br>was set to sail in the heavens as a star, and a sign of hope to the<br>dwellers in Middle-earth oppressed by the Great Enemy or his<br>servants.3 The silmarilli alone preserved the ancient light of the<br>Two Trees of Valinor before Morgoth poisoned them; but the<br>other two were lost at the end of the First Age. Of these things<br>the full tale, and much else concerning Elves and Men, is told<br>in The Silmarillion.<br>The sons of Ea\u00a8rendil were Elros and Elrond, the Peredhil or<br>Half-elven. In them alone the line of the heroic chieftains of the<br>Edain in the First Age was preserved; and after the fall of Gilgalad4 the lineage of the High-elven Kings was also in Middleearth only represented by their descendants.<br>At the end of the First Age the Valar gave to the Half-elven<br>an irrevocable choice to which kindred they would belong.<br>Elrond chose to be of Elven-kind, and became a master of wisdom. To him therefore was granted the same grace as to those<br>of the High Elves that still lingered in Middle-earth: that when<br>weary at last of the mortal lands they could take ship from the<br>Grey Havens and pass into the Uttermost West; and this grace<br>continued after the change of the world. But to the children of<br>Elrond a choice was also appointed: to pass with him from the<br>circles of the world; or if they remained to become mortal and<br>die in Middle-earth. For Elrond, therefore, all chances of the<br>War of the Ring were fraught with sorrow.5<br>1 The Hobbit, p. 49; The Lord of the Rings, p. 412. 2 pp. 304\u20138. 3 pp. 470\u20134; pp. 932, 942; pp. 1197, 1206. 4 pp. 68, 242\u20133. 5 See pp. 1276, 1280.<br>1354 the return of the king<br>Elros chose to be of Man-kind and remain with the Edain; but<br>a great life-span was granted to him many times that of lesser<br>men.<br>As a reward for their sufferings in the cause against Morgoth,<br>the Valar, the Guardians of the World, granted to the Edain a<br>land to dwell in, removed from the dangers of Middle-earth.<br>Most of them, therefore, set sail over Sea, and guided by the<br>Star of Ea\u00a8rendil came to the great Isle of Elenna, westernmost<br>of all Mortal lands. There they founded the realm of Nu\u00b4menor.<br>There was a tall mountain in the midst of the land, the Meneltarma, and from its summit the farsighted could descry the white<br>tower of the Haven of the Eldar in Eresse\u00a8a. Thence the Eldar<br>came to the Edain and enriched them with knowledge and many<br>gifts; but one command had been laid upon the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans,<br>the \u2018Ban of the Valar\u2019: they were forbidden to sail west out of<br>sight of their own shores or to attempt to set foot on the Undying<br>Lands. For though a long span of life had been granted to them,<br>in the beginning thrice that of lesser Men, they must remain<br>mortal, since the Valar were not permitted to take from them<br>the Gift of Men (or the Doom of Men, as it was afterwards<br>called).<br>Elros was the first King of Nu\u00b4menor, and was afterwards<br>known by the High-elven name Tar-Minyatur. His descendants<br>were long-lived but mortal. Later when they became powerful<br>they begrudged the choice of their forefather, desiring the<br>immortality within the life of the world that was the fate of the<br>Eldar, and murmuring against the Ban. In this way began their<br>rebellion which, under the evil teaching of Sauron, brought about<br>the Downfall of Nu\u00b4menor and the ruin of the ancient world, as<br>is told in the Akallabe\u02c6th.<br>These are the names of the Kings and Queens of Nu\u00b4menor: Elros<br>Tar-Minyatur, Vardamir, Tar-Amandil, Tar-Elendil, TarMeneldur, Tar-Aldarion, Tar-Ancalime\u00a8 (the first Ruling<br>Queen), Tar-Ana\u00b4rion, Tar-Su\u00b4rion, Tar-Telperie\u00a8n (the second<br>Queen), Tar-Minastir, Tar-Ciryatan, Tar-Atanamir the Great,<br>Tar-Ancalimon, Tar-Telemmaite\u00a8, Tar-Vanimelde\u00a8 (the third<br>Queen), Tar-Alcarin, Tar-Calmacil, Tar-Ardamin.<br>appendix a 1355<br>After Ardamin the Kings took the sceptre in names of<br>the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean (or Adu\u02c6naic) tongue: Ar-Adu\u02c6nakho\u02c6r, ArZimratho\u02c6n, Ar-Sakaltho\u02c6r, Ar-Gimilzo\u02c6r, Ar-Inziladu\u02c6n. Inziladu\u02c6n<br>repented of the ways of the Kings and changed his name to<br>Tar-Palantir \u2018The Farsighted\u2019. His daughter should have been<br>the fourth Queen, Tar-M\u0131\u00b4riel, but the King\u2019s nephew usurped<br>the sceptre and became Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n the Golden, last King<br>of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans.<br>In the days of Tar-Elendil the first ships of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>came back to Middle-earth. His elder child was a daughter,<br>Silmarie\u00a8n. Her son was Valandil, first of the Lords of Andu\u00b4nie\u00a8<br>in the west of the land, renowned for their friendship with the<br>Eldar. From him were descended Amandil, the last lord, and his<br>son Elendil the Tall.<br>The sixth King left only one child, a daughter. She became the<br>first Queen; for it was then made a law of the royal house that<br>the eldest child of the King, whether man or woman, should<br>receive the sceptre.<br>The realm of Nu\u00b4menor endured to the end of the Second Age<br>and increased ever in power and splendour; and until half the<br>Age had passed the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans grew also in wisdom and joy.<br>The first sign of the shadow that was to fall upon them appeared<br>in the days of Tar-Minastir, eleventh King. He it was that<br>sent a great force to the aid of Gil-galad. He loved the Eldar<br>but envied them. The Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans had now become great<br>mariners, exploring all the seas eastward, and they began to<br>yearn for the West and the forbidden waters; and the more joyful<br>was their life, the more they began to long for the immortality<br>of the Eldar.<br>Moreover, after Minastir the Kings became greedy of wealth<br>and power. At first the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans had come to Middle-earth<br>as teachers and friends of lesser Men afflicted by Sauron; but<br>now their havens became fortresses, holding wide coastlands<br>in subjection. Atanamir and his successors levied heavy tribute,<br>and the ships of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans returned laden with spoil.<br>It was Tar-Atanamir who first spoke openly against the Ban<br>and declared that the life of the Eldar was his by right. Thus the<br>1356 the return of the king<br>shadow deepened, and the thought of death darkened the hearts<br>of the people. Then the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans became divided: on the<br>one hand were the Kings and those who followed them, and<br>were estranged from the Eldar and the Valar; on the other were<br>the few who called themselves the Faithful. They lived mostly in<br>the west of the land.<br>The Kings and their followers little by little abandoned the<br>use of the Eldarin tongues; and at last the twentieth King took<br>his royal name, in Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean form, calling himself ArAdu\u02c6nakho\u02c6r, \u2018Lord of the West\u2019. This seemed ill-omened to the<br>Faithful, for hitherto they had given that title only to one of the<br>Valar, or to the Elder King himself.1 And indeed Ar-Adu\u02c6nakho\u02c6r<br>began to persecute the Faithful and punished those who used the<br>Elven-tongues openly; and the Eldar came no more to Nu\u00b4menor.<br>The power and wealth of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans nonetheless continued to increase; but their years lessened as their fear of death<br>grew, and their joy departed. Tar-Palantir attempted to amend<br>the evil; but it was too late, and there was rebellion and strife in<br>Nu\u00b4menor. When he died, his nephew, leader of the rebellion,<br>seized the sceptre, and became King Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n. Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n<br>the Golden was the proudest and most powerful of all the Kings,<br>and no less than the kingship of the world was his desire.<br>He resolved to challenge Sauron the Great for the supremacy<br>in Middle-earth, and at length he himself set sail with a great<br>navy, and he landed at Umbar. So great was the might and<br>splendour of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans that Sauron\u2019s own servants<br>deserted him; and Sauron humbled himself, doing homage, and<br>craving pardon. Then Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n in the folly of his pride<br>carried him back as a prisoner to Nu\u00b4menor. It was not long<br>before he had bewitched the King and was master of his counsel;<br>and soon he had turned the hearts of all the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans,<br>except the remnant of the Faithful, back towards the darkness.<br>And Sauron lied to the King, declaring that everlasting life<br>would be his who possessed the Undying Lands, and that the<br>Ban was imposed only to prevent the Kings of Men from surpassing the Valar. \u2018But great Kings take what is their right,\u2019 he<br>said.<br>1 p. 306.<br>appendix a 1357<br>At length Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n listened to this counsel, for he felt the<br>waning of his days and was besotted by the fear of Death. He<br>prepared then the greatest armament that the world had seen,<br>and when all was ready he sounded his trumpets and set sail;<br>and he broke the Ban of the Valar, going up with war to wrest<br>everlasting life from the Lords of the West. But when ArPharazo\u02c6n set foot upon the shores of Aman the Blessed, the<br>Valar laid down their Guardianship and called upon the One,<br>and the world was changed. Nu\u00b4menor was thrown down and<br>swallowed in the Sea, and the Undying Lands were removed<br>for ever from the circles of the world. So ended the glory of<br>Nu\u00b4menor.<br>The last leaders of the Faithful, Elendil and his sons, escaped<br>from the Downfall with nine ships, bearing a seedling of Nimloth, and the Seven Seeing-stones (gifts of the Eldar to their<br>House);1 and they were borne on the wind of a great storm and<br>cast upon the shores of Middle-earth. There they established<br>in the North-west the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean realms in exile, Arnor and<br>Gondor.2 Elendil was the High King and dwelt in the North at<br>Annu\u00b4minas; and the rule in the South was committed to his<br>sons, Isildur and Ana\u00b4rion. They founded there Osgiliath,<br>between Minas Ithil and Minas Anor,3 not far from the confines<br>of Mordor. For this good at least they believed had come out of<br>ruin, that Sauron also had perished.<br>But it was not so. Sauron was indeed caught in the wreck of<br>Nu\u00b4menor, so that the bodily form in which he long had walked<br>perished; but he fled back to Middle-earth, a spirit of hatred<br>borne upon a dark wind. He was unable ever again to assume a<br>form that seemed fair to men, but became black and hideous,<br>and his power thereafter was through terror alone. He re-entered<br>Mordor, and hid there for a time in silence. But his anger was<br>great when he learned that Elendil, whom he most hated, had<br>escaped him, and was now ordering a realm upon his borders.<br>Therefore, after a time he made war upon the Exiles, before<br>they should take root. Orodruin burst once more into flame, and<br>1 p. 779; p. 1273. 2 p. 316. 3 p. 318.<br>1358 the return of the king<br>was named anew in Gondor Amon Amarth, Mount Doom. But<br>Sauron struck too soon, before his own power was rebuilt,<br>whereas the power of Gil-galad had increased in his absence;<br>and in the Last Alliance that was made against him Sauron was<br>overthrown and the One Ring was taken from him.1 So ended<br>the Second Age.<br>(ii)<br>the realms in exile<br>The Northern Line<br>Heirs of Isildur<br>Arnor. Elendil \u2020S.A. 3441, Isildur \u20202, Valandil 249,<br>2 Eldacar<br>339, Arantar 435, Tarcil 515, Tarondor 602, Valandur \u2020652,<br>Elendur 777, Ea\u00a8rendur 861.<br>Arthedain. Amlaith of Fornost3 (eldest son of Ea\u00a8rendur) 946,<br>Beleg 1029, Mallor 1110, Celepharn 1191, Celebrindor 1272,<br>Malvegil 1349,<br>4 Argeleb I \u20201356, Arveleg I 1409, Araphor<br>1589, Argeleb II 1670, Arvegil 1743, Arveleg II 1813, Araval<br>1891, Araphant 1964, Arvedui Last-king \u20201975. End of the<br>North-kingdom.<br>Chieftains. Aranarth (elder son of Arvedui) 2106, Arahael 2177,<br>Aranuir 2247, Aravir 2319, Aragorn I \u20202327, Araglas 2455,<br>Arahad I 2523, Aragost 2588, Aravorn 2654, Arahad II 2719,<br>Arassuil 2784, Arathorn I \u20202848, Argonui 2912, Arador<br>\u20202930, Arathorn II \u20202933, Aragorn II F.A. 120.<br>The Southern Line<br>Heirs of Ana\u00b4rion<br>Kings of Gondor. Elendil, (Isildur and) Ana\u00b4rion \u2020S.A. 3440,<br>Meneldil son of Ana\u00b4rion 158, Cemendur 238, Ea\u00a8rendil 324,<br>1 p. 317. 2 He was the fourth son of Isildur, born in Imladris. His brothers were<br>slain in the Gladden Fields. 3 After Ea\u00a8rendur the Kings no longer took names in High-elven form. 4 After Malvegil, the Kings at Fornost again claimed lordship over<br>the whole of Arnor, and took names with the prefix ar(a) in token of this.<br>appendix a 1359<br>Anardil 411, Ostoher 492, Ro\u00b4mendacil I (Tarostar) \u2020541,<br>Turambar 667, Atanatar I 748, Siriondil 830. Here followed<br>the four \u2018Ship-kings\u2019:<br>Tarannon Falastur 913. He was the first childless king, and<br>was succeeded by the son of his brother Tarciryan. Ea\u00a8rnil<br>I\u2020936, Ciryandil \u20201015, Hyarmendacil I (Ciryaher) 1149.<br>Gondor now reached the height of its power.<br>Atanatar II Alcarin \u2018the Glorious\u2019 1226, Narmacil I 1294.<br>He was the second childless king and was succeeded by his<br>younger brother. Calmacil 1304, Minalcar (regent 1240\u2013<br>1304), crowned as Ro\u00b4mendacil II 1304, died 1366, Valacar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In his time the first disaster of Gondor began, the<br>Kin-strife.<br>Eldacar son of Valacar (at first called Vinitharya) deposed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Castamir the Usurper \u20201447. Eldacar restored, died<br>1490.<br>Aldamir (second son of Eldacar) \u20201540, Hyarmendacil II<br>(Vinyarion) 1621, Minardil \u20201634, Telemnar \u20201636. Telemnar and all his children perished in the plague; he was succeeded by his nephew, the son of Minastan, second son of<br>Minardil. Tarondor 1798, Telumehtar Umbardacil 1850,<br>Narmacil II \u20201856, Calimehtar 1936, Ondoher \u20201944.<br>Ondoher and his two sons were slain in battle. After a year<br>in 1945 the crown was given to the victorious general Ea\u00a8rnil,<br>a descendant of Telumehtar Umbardacil. Ea\u00a8rnil II 2043, Ea\u00a8rnur \u20202050. Here the line of the Kings came to an end, until<br>it was restored by Elessar Telcontar in 3019. The realm was<br>then ruled by the Stewards.<br>Stewards of Gondor. The House of Hu\u00b4rin: Pelendur 1998. He<br>ruled for a year after the fall of Ondoher, and advised Gondor<br>to reject Arvedui\u2019s claim to the crown. Vorondil the Hunter<br>2029.<br>1 Mardil Voronwe\u00a8 \u2018the Steadfast\u2019, the first of the Ruling<br>Stewards. His successors ceased to use High-elven names.<br>1 See p. 988. The wild white kine that were still to be found near the<br>Sea of Rhu\u02c6n were said in legend to be descended from the Kine of<br>Araw, the huntsman of the Valar, who alone of the Valar came often to<br>Middle-earth in the Elder Days. Orome\u00a8 is the High-elven form of his<br>name (p. 1097).<br>1360 the return of the king<br>Ruling Stewards. Mardil 2080, Eradan 2116, Herion 2148, Belegorn 2204, Hu\u00b4rin I 2244, Tu\u00b4rin I 2278, Hador 2395, Barahir<br>2412, Dior 2435, Denethor I 2477, Boromir 2489, Cirion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In his time the Rohirrim came to Calenardhon.<br>Hallas 2605, Hu\u00b4rin II 2628, Belecthor I 2655, Orodreth<br>2685, Ecthelion I 2698, Egalmoth 2743, Beren 2763, Beregond 2811, Belecthor II 2872, Thorondir 2882, Tu\u00b4rin II 2914,<br>Turgon 2953, Ecthelion II 2984, Denethor II. He was the last<br>of the Ruling Stewards, and was followed by his second son<br>Faramir, Lord of Emyn Arnen, Steward to King Elessar,<br>F.A. 82.<br>(iii)<br>eriador, arnor, and the heirs of isildur<br>\u2018Eriador was of old the name of all the lands between the Misty<br>Mountains and the Blue; in the South it was bounded by the<br>Greyflood and the Glanduin that flows into it above Tharbad.<br>\u2018At its greatest Arnor included all Eriador, except the regions<br>beyond the Lune, and the lands east of Greyflood and Loudwater, in which lay Rivendell and Hollin. Beyond the Lune was<br>Elvish country, green and quiet, where no Men went; but<br>Dwarves dwelt, and still dwell, in the east side of the Blue<br>Mountains, especially in those parts south of the Gulf of Lune,<br>where they have mines that are still in use. For this reason they<br>were accustomed to pass east along the Great Road, as they had<br>done for long years before we came to the Shire. At the Grey<br>Havens dwelt C\u0131\u00b4rdan the Shipwright, and some say he dwells<br>there still, until the Last Ship sets sail into the West. In the<br>days of the Kings most of the High Elves that still lingered in<br>Middle-earth dwelt with C\u0131\u00b4rdan or in the seaward lands of Lindon. If any now remain they are few.\u2019<br>The North-kingdom and the Du\u00b4nedain<br>After Elendil and Isildur there were eight High Kings of Arnor.<br>After Ea\u00a8rendur, owing to dissensions among his sons their realm<br>was divided into three: Arthedain, Rhudaur, and Cardolan.<br>Arthedain was in the North-west and included the land between<br>Brandywine and Lune, and also the land north of the Great<br>appendix a 1361<br>Road as far as the Weather Hills. Rhudaur was in the North-east<br>and lay between the Ettenmoors, the Weather Hills, and the<br>Misty Mountains, but included also the Angle between the<br>Hoarwell and the Loudwater. Cardolan was in the South, its<br>bounds being the Brandywine, the Greyflood, and the Great<br>Road.<br>In Arthedain the line of Isildur was maintained and endured,<br>but the line soon perished in Cardolan and Rhudaur. There was<br>often strife between the kingdoms, which hastened the waning<br>of the Du\u00b4nedain. The chief matter of debate was the possession<br>of the Weather Hills and the land westward towards Bree. Both<br>Rhudaur and Cardolan desired to possess Amon Su\u02c6l<br>(Weathertop), which stood on the borders of their realms; for<br>the Tower of Amon Su\u02c6l held the chief Palant\u0131\u00b4r of the North, and<br>the other two were both in the keeping of Arthedain.<br>\u2018It was in the beginning of the reign of Malvegil of Arthedain<br>that evil came to Arnor. For at that time the realm of Angmar<br>arose in the North beyond the Ettenmoors. Its lands lay on both<br>sides of the Mountains, and there were gathered many evil men,<br>and Orcs, and other fell creatures. [The lord of that land was<br>known as the Witch-king, but it was not known until later that<br>he was indeed the chief of the Ringwraiths, who came north with<br>the purpose of destroying the Du\u00b4nedain in Arnor, seeing hope<br>in their disunion, while Gondor was strong.]\u2019<br>In the days of Argeleb son of Malvegil, since no descendants<br>of Isildur remained in the other kingdoms, the kings of Arthedain<br>again claimed the lordship of all Arnor. The claim was resisted<br>by Rhudaur. There the Du\u00b4nedain were few, and power had been<br>seized by an evil lord of the Hillmen, who was in secret league<br>with Angmar. Argeleb therefore fortified the Weather Hills;1 but<br>he was slain in battle with Rhudaur and Angmar.<br>Arveleg son of Argeleb, with the help of Cardolan and Lindon,<br>drove back his enemies from the Hills; and for many years<br>Arthedain and Cardolan held in force a frontier along the<br>Weather Hills, the Great Road, and the lower Hoarwell. It is said<br>that at this time Rivendell was besieged.<br>1 p. 242.<br>1362 the return of the king<br>A great host came out of Angmar in 1409, and crossing the<br>river entered Cardolan and surrounded Weathertop. The Du\u00b4nedain were defeated and Arveleg was slain. The Tower of Amon<br>Su\u02c6l was burned and razed; but the palant\u0131\u00b4r was saved and carried<br>back in retreat to Fornost. Rhudaur was occupied by evil Men<br>subject to Angmar,1 and the Du\u00b4nedain that remained there were<br>slain or fled west. Cardolan was ravaged. Araphor son of Arveleg<br>was not yet full-grown, but he was valiant, and with aid from<br>C\u0131\u00b4rdan he repelled the enemy from Fornost and the North<br>Downs. A remnant of the faithful among the Du\u00b4nedain of Cardolan also held out in Tyrn Gorthad (the Barrow-downs), or<br>took refuge in the Forest behind.<br>It is said that Angmar was for a time subdued by the Elvenfolk<br>coming from Lindon; and from Rivendell, for Elrond brought<br>help over the Mountains out of Lo\u00b4rien. It was at this time that<br>the Stoors that had dwelt in the Angle (between Hoarwell and<br>Loudwater) fled west and south, because of the wars, and the<br>dread of Angmar, and because the land and clime of Eriador,<br>especially in the east, worsened and became unfriendly. Some<br>returned to Wilderland, and dwelt beside the Gladden, becoming<br>a riverside people of fishers.<br>In the days of Argeleb II the plague came into Eriador from<br>the South-east, and most of the people of Cardolan perished,<br>especially in Minhiriath. The Hobbits and all other peoples suffered greatly, but the plague lessened as it passed northwards,<br>and the northern parts of Arthedain were little affected. It was<br>at this time that an end came of the Du\u00b4nedain of Cardolan, and<br>evil spirits out of Angmar and Rhudaur entered into the deserted<br>mounds and dwelt there.<br>\u2018It is said that the mounds of Tyrn Gorthad, as the Barrowdowns were called of old, are very ancient, and that many were<br>built in the days of the old world of the First Age by the forefathers of the Edain, before they crossed the Blue Mountains<br>into Beleriand, of which Lindon is all that now remains. Those<br>hills were therefore revered by the Du\u00b4nedain after their return;<br>and there many of their lords and kings were buried. [Some say<br>1 p. 263.<br>appendix a 1363<br>that the mound in which the Ring-bearer was imprisoned had<br>been the grave of the last prince of Cardolan, who fell in the war<br>of 1409.]\u2019<br>\u2018In 1974 the power of Angmar arose again, and the Witch-king<br>came down upon Arthedain before winter was ended. He captured Fornost, and drove most of the remaining Du\u00b4nedain over<br>the Lune; among them were the sons of the king. But King<br>Arvedui held out upon the North Downs until the last, and then<br>fled north with some of his guard; and they escaped by the<br>swiftness of their horses.<br>\u2018For a while Arvedui hid in the tunnels of the old dwarf-mines<br>near the far end of the Mountains, but he was driven at last by<br>hunger to seek the help of the Lossoth, the Snowmen of Forochel.1 Some of these he found in camp by the seashore; but<br>they did not help the king willingly, for he had nothing to offer<br>them, save a few jewels which they did not value; and they were<br>afraid of the Witch-king, who (they said) could make frost or<br>thaw at his will. But partly out of pity for the gaunt king and his<br>men, and partly out of fear of their weapons, they gave them a<br>little food and built for them snow-huts. There Arvedui was<br>forced to wait, hoping for help from the south; for his horses<br>had perished.<br>\u2018When C\u0131\u00b4rdan heard from Aranarth son of Arvedui of the<br>king\u2019s flight to the north, he at once sent a ship to Forochel to<br>seek for him. The ship came there at last after many days,<br>because of contrary winds, and the mariners saw from afar the<br>little fire of drift-wood which the lost men contrived to keep<br>alight. But the winter was long in loosing its grip that year; and<br>1 These are a strange, unfriendly people, remnant of the Forodwaith,<br>Men of far-off days, accustomed to the bitter colds of the realm of<br>Morgoth. Indeed those colds linger still in that region, though they lie<br>hardly more than a hundred leagues north of the Shire. The Lossoth<br>house in the snow, and it is said that they can run on the ice with<br>bones on their feet, and have carts without wheels. They live mostly,<br>inaccessible to their enemies, on the great Cape of Forochel that shuts<br>off to the north-west the immense bay of that name; but they often camp<br>on the south shores of the bay at the feet of the Mountains.<br>1364 the return of the king<br>though it was then March, the ice was only beginning to break,<br>and lay far out from the shore.<br>\u2018When the Snowmen saw the ship they were amazed and<br>afraid, for they had seen no such ship on the sea within their<br>memories; but they had become now more friendly, and they<br>drew the king and those that survived of his company out over<br>the ice in their sliding carts, as far as they dared. In this way a<br>boat from the ship was able to reach them.<br>\u2018But the Snowmen were uneasy: for they said that they smelled<br>danger in the wind. And the chief of the Lossoth said to Arvedui:<br>\u2018\u2018Do not mount on this sea-monster! If they have them, let the<br>seamen bring us food and other things that we need, and you<br>may stay here till the Witch-king goes home. For in summer his<br>power wanes; but now his breath is deadly, and his cold arm is<br>long.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018But Arvedui did not take his counsel. He thanked him, and<br>at parting gave him his ring, saying: \u2018\u2018This is a thing of worth<br>beyond your reckoning. For its ancientry alone. It has no power,<br>save the esteem in which those hold it who love my house. It will<br>not help you, but if ever you are in need, my kin will ransom it<br>with great store of all that you desire.\u2019\u20191<br>\u2018Yet the counsel of the Lossoth was good, by chance or by<br>foresight; for the ship had not reached the open sea when a great<br>storm of wind arose, and came with blinding snow out of the<br>North; and it drove the ship back upon the ice and piled ice up<br>against it. Even the mariners of C\u0131\u00b4rdan were helpless, and in the<br>night the ice crushed the hull, and the ship foundered. So perished Arvedui Last-king, and with him the palant\u0131\u00b4ri were buried<br>in the sea.2 It was long afterwards that news of the shipwreck of<br>Forochel was learned from the Snowmen.\u2019<br>1 In this way the ring of the House of Isildur was saved; for it was<br>afterwards ransomed by the Du\u00b4nedain. It is said that it was none other<br>than the ring which Felagund of Nargothrond gave to Barahir, and Beren<br>recovered at great peril. 2 These were the Stones of Annu\u00b4minas and Amon Su\u02c6l. The only<br>Stone left in the North was the one in the Tower on Emyn Beraid that<br>looks towards the Gulf of Lune. That was guarded by the Elves, and<br>though we never knew it, it remained there, until C\u0131\u00b4rdan put it aboard<br>Elrond\u2019s ship when he left (pp. 59, 142). But we are told that it was<br>appendix a 1365<br>The Shire-folk survived, though war swept over them and<br>most of them fled into hiding. To the help of the king they sent<br>some archers who never returned; and others went also to the<br>battle in which Angmar was overthrown (of which more is said<br>in the annals of the South). Afterwards in the peace that followed<br>the Shire-folk ruled themselves and prospered. They chose a<br>Thain to take the place of the King, and were content; though<br>for a long time many still looked for the return of the King. But<br>at last that hope was forgotten, and remained only in the saying<br>When the King comes back, used of some good that could not be<br>achieved, or of some evil that could not be amended. The first<br>Shire-thain was one Bucca of the Marish, from whom the<br>Oldbucks claimed descent. He became Thain in 379 of our<br>reckoning (1979).<br>After Arvedui the North-kingdom ended, for the Du\u00b4nedain were<br>now few and all the peoples of Eriador diminished. Yet the line<br>of the kings was continued by the Chieftains of the Du\u00b4nedain,<br>of whom Aranarth son of Arvedui was the first. Arahael his son<br>was fostered in Rivendell, and so were all the sons of the chieftains after him; and there also were kept the heirlooms of their<br>house: the ring of Barahir, the shards of Narsil, the star of Elendil,<br>and the sceptre of Annu\u00b4minas.1<br>unlike the others and not in accord with them; it looked only to the Sea.<br>Elendil set it there so that he could look back with \u2018straight sight\u2019 and<br>see Eresse\u00a8a in the vanished West; but the bent seas below covered<br>Nu\u00b4menor for ever.<br>1 The sceptre was the chief mark of royalty in Nu\u00b4menor, the King<br>tells us; and that was also so in Arnor, whose kings wore no crown, but<br>bore a single white gem, the Elendilmir, Star of Elendil, bound on their<br>brows with a silver fillet (p. 191; pp. 1110, 1127, 1267). In speaking of<br>a crown (pp. 222, 322) Bilbo no doubt referred to Gondor; he seems to<br>have become well acquainted with matters concerning Aragorn\u2019s line.<br>The sceptre of Nu\u00b4menor is said to have perished with Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n.<br>That of Annu\u00b4minas was the silver rod of the Lords of Andu\u00b4nie\u00a8, and<br>is now perhaps the most ancient work of Men\u2019s hands preserved in<br>Middle-earth. It was already more than five thousand years old when<br>Elrond surrendered it to Aragorn (p. 1274). The crown of Gondor was<br>derived from the form of a Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean war-helm. In the beginning it<br>1366 the return of the king<br>\u2018When the kingdom ended the Du\u00b4nedain passed into the<br>shadows and became a secret and wandering people, and their<br>deeds and labours were seldom sung or recorded. Little now is<br>remembered of them since Elrond departed. Although even<br>before the Watchful Peace ended evil things again began to<br>attack Eriador or to invade it secretly, the Chieftains for the most<br>part lived out their long lives. Aragorn I, it is said, was slain by<br>wolves, which ever after remained a peril in Eriador, and are not<br>yet ended. In the days of Arahad I the Orcs, who had, as later<br>appeared, long been secretly occupying strongholds in the Misty<br>Mountains, so as to bar all the passes into Eriador, suddenly<br>revealed themselves. In 2509 Celebr\u0131\u00b4an wife of Elrond was journeying to Lo\u00b4rien when she was waylaid in the Redhorn Pass,<br>and her escort being scattered by the sudden assault of the Orcs,<br>she was seized and carried off. She was pursued and rescued by<br>Elladan and Elrohir, but not before she had suffered torment<br>and had received a poisoned wound.1 She was brought back to<br>Imladris, and though healed in body by Elrond, lost all delight<br>in Middle-earth, and the next year went to the Havens and<br>passed over Sea. And later in the days of Arassuil, Orcs, multiplying again in the Misty Mountains, began to ravage the lands,<br>and the Du\u00b4nedain and the sons of Elrond fought with them. It<br>was at this time that a large band came so far west as to enter<br>the Shire, and were driven off by Bandobras Took.\u20192<br>There were fifteen Chieftains, before the sixteenth and last<br>was born, Aragorn II, who became again King of both Gondor<br>and Arnor. \u2018Our King, we call him; and when he comes north<br>to his house in Annu\u00b4minas restored and stays for a while by<br>Lake Evendim, then everyone in the Shire is glad. But he does<br>not enter this land and binds himself by the law that he has<br>made, that none of the Big People shall pass its borders. But he<br>was indeed a plain helm; and it is said to have been the one that Isildur<br>wore in the Battle of Dagorlad (for the helm of Ana\u00b4rion was crushed by<br>the stone-cast from Barad-du\u02c6r that slew him). But in the days of Atanatar<br>Alcarin this was replaced by the jewelled helm that was used in the<br>crowning of Aragorn. 1 p. 295. 2 p. 7; p. 1329.<br>appendix a 1367<br>rides often with many fair people to the Great Bridge, and there<br>he welcomes his friends, and any others who wish to see him;<br>and some ride away with him and stay in his house as long as<br>they have a mind. Thain Peregrin has been there many times;<br>and so has Master Samwise the Mayor. His daughter Elanor the<br>Fair is one of the maids of Queen Evenstar.\u2019<br>It was the pride and wonder of the Northern Line that, though<br>their power departed and their people dwindled, through all the<br>many generations the succession was unbroken from father to<br>son. Also, though the length of lives of the Du\u00b4nedain grew ever<br>less in Middle-earth, after the ending of their kings the waning<br>was swifter in Gondor; and many of the Chieftains of the North<br>still lived to twice the age of Men, and far beyond the days of<br>even the oldest amongst us. Aragorn indeed lived to be two<br>hundred and ten years old, longer than any of his line since King<br>Arvegil; but in Aragorn Elessar the dignity of the kings of old<br>was renewed.<br>(iv)<br>gondor and the heirs of ana\u00b4 rion<br>There were thirty-one kings in Gondor after Ana\u00b4rion who was<br>slain before the Barad-du\u02c6r. Though war never ceased on their<br>borders, for more than a thousand years the Du\u00b4nedain of the<br>South grew in wealth and power by land and sea, until the reign<br>of Atanatar II, who was called Alcarin, the Glorious. Yet the<br>signs of decay had then already appeared; for the high men of<br>the South married late, and their children were few. The first<br>childless king was Falastur, and the second Narmacil I, the son<br>of Atanatar Alcarin.<br>It was Ostoher the seventh king who rebuilt Minas Anor, where<br>afterwards the kings dwelt in summer rather than in Osgiliath.<br>In his time Gondor was first attacked by wild men out of the<br>East. But Tarostar, his son, defeated them and drove them<br>out, and took the name of Ro\u00b4mendacil \u2018East-victor\u2019. He was,<br>however, later slain in battle with fresh hordes of Easterlings.<br>Turambar his son avenged him, and won much territory<br>eastwards.<br>1368 the return of the king<br>With Tarannon, the twelfth king, began the line of the Shipkings, who built navies and extended the sway of Gondor along<br>the coasts west and south of the Mouths of Anduin. To commemorate his victories as Captain of the Hosts, Tarannon took<br>the crown in the name of Falastur \u2018Lord of the Coasts\u2019.<br>Ea\u00a8rnil I, his nephew, who succeeded him, repaired the ancient<br>haven of Pelargir, and built a great navy. He laid siege by sea<br>and land to Umbar, and took it, and it became a great harbour<br>and fortress of the power of Gondor.1 But Ea\u00a8rnil did not long<br>survive his triumph. He was lost with many ships and men in a<br>great storm off Umbar. Ciryandil his son continued the building<br>of ships; but the Men of the Harad, led by the lords that had<br>been driven from Umbar, came up with great power against that<br>stronghold, and Ciryandil fell in battle in Haradwaith.<br>For many years Umbar was invested, but could not be taken<br>because of the sea-power of Gondor. Ciryaher son of Ciryandil<br>bided his time, and at last when he had gathered strength he<br>came down from the north by sea and by land, and crossing the<br>River Harnen his armies utterly defeated the Men of the Harad,<br>and their kings were compelled to acknowledge the overlordship<br>of Gondor (1050). Ciryaher then took the name of Hyarmendacil<br>\u2018South-victor\u2019.<br>The might of Hyarmendacil no enemy dared to contest during<br>the remainder of his long reign. He was king for one hundred<br>and thirty-four years, the longest reign but one of all the Line of<br>Ana\u00b4rion. In his day Gondor reached the summit of its power.<br>The realm then extended north to the field of Celebrant and the<br>southern eaves of Mirkwood; west to the Greyflood; east to the<br>inland Sea of Rhu\u02c6n; south to the River Harnen, and thence along<br>the coast to the peninsula and haven of Umbar. The Men of the<br>Vales of Anduin acknowledged its authority; and the kings of the<br>Harad did homage to Gondor, and their sons lived as hostages in<br>1 The great cape and land-locked firth of Umbar had been<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean land since days of old; but it was a stronghold of the King\u2019s<br>Men, who were afterwards called the Black Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, corrupted by<br>Sauron, and who hated above all the followers of Elendil. After the fall<br>of Sauron their race swiftly dwindled or became merged with the Men<br>of Middle-earth, but they inherited without lessening their hatred of<br>Gondor. Umbar, therefore, was only taken at great cost.<br>appendix a 1369<br>the court of its King. Mordor was desolate, but was watched<br>over by great fortresses that guarded the passes.<br>So ended the line of the Ship-kings. Atanatar Alcarin son of<br>Hyarmendacil lived in great splendour, so that men said precious<br>stones are pebbles in Gondor for children to play with. But Atanatar<br>loved ease and did nothing to maintain the power that he had<br>inherited, and his two sons were of like temper. The waning of<br>Gondor had already begun before he died, and was doubtless<br>observed by its enemies. The watch upon Mordor was neglected.<br>Nonetheless it was not until the days of Valacar that the first<br>great evil came upon Gondor: the civil war of the Kin-strife, in<br>which great loss and ruin was caused and never fully repaired.<br>Minalcar, son of Calmacil, was a man of great vigour, and in<br>1240 Narmacil, to rid himself of all cares, made him Regent of<br>the realm. From that time onwards he governed Gondor in the<br>name of the kings until he succeeded his father. His chief concern<br>was with the Northmen.<br>These had increased greatly in the peace brought by the power<br>of Gondor. The kings showed them favour, since they were the<br>nearest in kin of lesser Men to the Du\u00b4nedain (being for the most<br>part descendants of those peoples from whom the Edain of old<br>had come); and they gave them wide lands beyond Anduin south<br>of Greenwood the Great, to be a defence against men of the East.<br>For in the past the attacks of the Easterlings had come mostly over<br>the plain between the Inland Sea and the Ash Mountains.<br>In the days of Narmacil I their attacks began again, though at<br>first with little force; but it was learned by the regent that the<br>Northmen did not always remain true to Gondor, and some<br>would join forces with the Easterlings, either out of greed for<br>spoil, or in the furtherance of feuds among their princes. Minalcar therefore in 1248 led out a great force, and between Rhovanion and the Inland Sea he defeated a large army of the<br>Easterlings and destroyed all their camps and settlements east of<br>the Sea. He then took the name of Ro\u00b4mendacil.<br>On his return Ro\u00b4mendacil fortified the west shore of Anduin<br>as far as the inflow of the Limlight, and forbade any stranger to<br>pass down the River beyond the Emyn Muil. He it was that built<br>the pillars of the Argonath at the entrance to Nen Hithoel. But<br>1370 the return of the king<br>since he needed men, and desired to strengthen the bond<br>between Gondor and the Northmen, he took many of them into<br>his service and gave to some high rank in his armies.<br>Ro\u00b4mendacil showed especial favour to Vidugavia, who had<br>aided him in the war. He called himself King of Rhovanion, and<br>was indeed the most powerful of the Northern princes, though<br>his own realm lay between Greenwood and the River Celduin.1<br>In 1250 Ro\u00b4mendacil sent his son Valacar as an ambassador to<br>dwell for a while with Vidugavia and make himself acquainted<br>with the language, manners, and policies of the Northmen. But<br>Valacar far exceeded his father\u2019s designs. He grew to love the<br>Northern lands and people, and he married Vidumavi, daughter<br>of Vidugavia. It was some years before he returned. From this<br>marriage came later the war of the Kin-strife.<br>\u2018For the high men of Gondor already looked askance at the<br>Northmen among them; and it was a thing unheard of before<br>that the heir of the crown, or any son of the King, should wed<br>one of lesser and alien race. There was already rebellion in the<br>southern provinces when King Valacar grew old. His queen had<br>been a fair and noble lady, but short-lived according to the fate<br>of lesser Men, and the Du\u00b4nedain feared that her descendants<br>would prove the same and fall from the majesty of the Kings of<br>Men. Also they were unwilling to accept as lord her son, who<br>though he was now called Eldacar, had been born in an alien<br>country and was named in his youth Vinitharya, a name of his<br>mother\u2019s people.<br>\u2018Therefore when Eldacar succeeded his father there was war<br>in Gondor. But Eldacar did not prove easy to thrust from his<br>heritage. To the lineage of Gondor he added the fearless spirit<br>of the Northmen. He was handsome and valiant, and showed<br>no sign of ageing more swiftly than his father. When the confederates led by descendants of the kings rose against him, he<br>opposed them to the end of his strength. At last he was besieged<br>in Osgiliath, and held it long, until hunger and the greater forces<br>of the rebels drove him out, leaving the city in flames. In that<br>siege and burning the Tower of the Dome of Osgiliath was<br>destroyed, and the palant\u0131\u00b4r was lost in the waters.<br>1 The River Running.<br>appendix a 1371<br>\u2018But Eldacar eluded his enemies, and came to the North, to<br>his kinsfolk in Rhovanion. Many gathered to him there, both of<br>the Northmen in the service of Gondor, and of the Du\u00b4nedain of<br>the northern parts of the realm. For many of the latter had<br>learned to esteem him, and many more came to hate his usurper.<br>This was Castamir, grandson of Calimehtar, younger brother of<br>Ro\u00b4mendacil II. He was not only one of those nearest by blood<br>to the crown, but he had the greatest following of all the rebels; for<br>he was the Captain of Ships, and was supported by the people of<br>the coasts and of the great havens of Pelargir and Umbar.<br>\u2018Castamir had not long sat upon the throne before he proved<br>himself haughty and ungenerous. He was a cruel man, as he had<br>first shown in the taking of Osgiliath. He caused Ornendil son<br>of Eldacar, who was captured, to be put to death; and the slaughter and destruction done in the city at his bidding far exceeded<br>the needs of war. This was remembered in Minas Anor and in<br>Ithilien; and there love for Castamir was further lessened when<br>it became seen that he cared little for the land, and thought only<br>of the fleets, and purposed to remove the king\u2019s seat to Pelargir.<br>\u2018Thus he had been king only ten years, when Eldacar, seeing<br>his time, came with a great army out of the north, and folk<br>flocked to him from Calenardhon and Ano\u00b4rien and Ithilien.<br>There was a great battle in Lebennin at the Crossings of Erui,<br>in which much of the best blood in Gondor was shed. Eldacar<br>himself slew Castamir in combat, and so was avenged for Ornendil; but Castamir\u2019s sons escaped, and with others of their kin<br>and many people of the fleets they held out long at Pelargir.<br>\u2018When they had gathered there all the force that they could<br>(for Eldacar had no ships to beset them by sea) they sailed away,<br>and established themselves at Umbar. There they made a refuge<br>for all the enemies of the king, and a lordship independent of his<br>crown. Umbar remained at war with Gondor for many lives of<br>men, a threat to its coastlands and to all traffic on the sea. It was<br>never again completely subdued until the days of Elessar; and<br>the region of South Gondor became a debatable land between<br>the Corsairs and the Kings.\u2019<br>\u2018The loss of Umbar was grievous to Gondor, not only because<br>the realm was diminished in the south and its hold upon the<br>1372 the return of the king<br>Men of the Harad was loosened, but because it was there that<br>Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n the Golden, last King of Nu\u00b4menor, had landed and<br>humbled the might of Sauron. Though great evil had come after,<br>even the followers of Elendil remembered with pride the coming<br>of the great host of Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n out of the deeps of the Sea;<br>and on the highest hill of the headland above the Haven they<br>had set a great white pillar as a monument. It was crowned with<br>a globe of crystal that took the rays of the Sun and of the Moon<br>and shone like a bright star that could be seen in clear weather<br>even on the coasts of Gondor or far out upon the western sea.<br>So it stood, until after the second arising of Sauron, which now<br>approached, Umbar fell under the domination of his servants,<br>and the memorial of his humiliation was thrown down.\u2019<br>After the return of Eldacar the blood of the kingly house and<br>other houses of the Du\u00b4nedain became more mingled with that<br>of lesser Men. For many of the great had been slain in the<br>Kin-strife; while Eldacar showed favour to the Northmen, by<br>whose help he had regained the crown, and the people of Gondor<br>were replenished by great numbers that came from Rhovanion.<br>This mingling did not at first hasten the waning of the Du\u00b4nedain, as had been feared; but the waning still proceeded, little by<br>little, as it had before. For no doubt it was due above all to<br>Middle-earth itself, and to the slow withdrawing of the gifts of<br>the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans after the downfall of the Land of the Star.<br>Eldacar lived to his two hundred and thirty-fifth year, and was<br>king for fifty-eight years, of which ten were spent in exile.<br>The second and greatest evil came upon Gondor in the reign of<br>Telemnar, the twenty-sixth king, whose father Minardil, son of<br>Eldacar, was slain at Pelargir by the Corsairs of Umbar. (They<br>were led by Angamaite\u00a8 and Sangahyando, the great-grandsons<br>of Castamir.) Soon after a deadly plague came with dark winds<br>out of the East. The King and all his children died, and great<br>numbers of the people of Gondor, especially those that lived in<br>Osgiliath. Then for weariness and fewness of men the watch on<br>the borders of Mordor ceased and the fortresses that guarded<br>the passes were unmanned.<br>Later it was noted that these things happened even as the<br>appendix a 1373<br>Shadow grew deep in Greenwood, and many evil things reappeared, signs of the arising of Sauron. It is true that the<br>enemies of Gondor also suffered, or they might have overwhelmed it in its weakness; but Sauron could wait, and it may<br>well be that the opening of Mordor was what he chiefly desired.<br>When King Telemnar died the White Tree of Minas Anor<br>also withered and died. But Tarondor, his nephew, who succeeded him, replanted a seedling in the citadel. He it was who<br>removed the King\u2019s house permanently to Minas Anor, for Osgiliath was now partly deserted, and began to fall into ruin. Few<br>of those who had fled from the plague into Ithilien or to the<br>western dales were willing to return.<br>Tarondor, coming young to the throne, had the longest reign<br>of all the Kings of Gondor; but he could achieve little more than<br>the reordering of his realm within, and the slow nursing of its<br>strength. But Telumehtar his son, remembering the death of<br>Minardil, and being troubled by the insolence of the Corsairs,<br>who raided his coasts even as far as the Anfalas, gathered his<br>forces and in 1810 took Umbar by storm. In that war the last<br>descendants of Castamir perished, and Umbar was again held<br>for a while by the kings. Telumehtar added to his name the title<br>Umbardacil. But in the new evils that soon befell Gondor Umbar<br>was again lost, and fell into the hands of the Men of the Harad.<br>The third evil was the invasion of the Wainriders, which sapped<br>the waning strength of Gondor in wars that lasted for almost a<br>hundred years. The Wainriders were a people, or a confederacy<br>of many peoples, that came from the East; but they were stronger<br>and better armed than any that had appeared before. They journeyed in great wains, and their chieftains fought in chariots.<br>Stirred up, as was afterwards seen, by the emissaries of Sauron,<br>they made a sudden assault upon Gondor, and King Narmacil<br>II was slain in battle with them beyond Anduin in 1856. The<br>people of eastern and southern Rhovanion were enslaved; and<br>the frontiers of Gondor were for that time withdrawn to the<br>Anduin and the Emyn Muil. [At this time it is thought that the<br>Ringwraiths re-entered Mordor.]<br>Calimehtar, son of Narmacil II, helped by a revolt in Rhovanion, avenged his father with a great victory over the Easterlings<br>1374 the return of the king<br>upon Dagorlad in 1899, and for a while the peril was averted. It<br>was in the reign of Araphant in the North and of Ondoher son<br>of Calimehtar in the South that the two kingdoms again took<br>counsel together after long silence and estrangement. For at last<br>they perceived that some single power and will was directing the<br>assault from many quarters upon the survivors of Nu\u00b4menor. It<br>was at that time that Arvedui heir of Araphant wedded F\u0131\u00b4riel<br>daughter of Ondoher (1940). But neither kingdom was able to<br>send help to the other; for Angmar renewed its attack upon<br>Arthedain at the same time as the Wainriders reappeared in great<br>force.<br>Many of the Wainriders now passed south of Mordor and<br>made alliance with men of Khand and of Near Harad; and in<br>this great assault from north and south, Gondor came near to<br>destruction. In 1944 King Ondoher and both his sons, Artamir<br>and Faramir, fell in battle north of the Morannon, and the enemy<br>poured into Ithilien. But Ea\u00a8rnil, Captain of the Southern Army,<br>won a great victory in South Ithilien and destroyed the army of<br>Harad that had crossed the River Poros. Hastening north, he<br>gathered to him all that he could of the retreating Northern Army<br>and came up against the main camp of the Wainriders, while<br>they were feasting and revelling, believing that Gondor was overthrown and that nothing remained but to take the spoil. Ea\u00a8rnil<br>stormed the camp and set fire to the wains, and drove the enemy<br>in a great rout out of Ithilien. A great part of those who fled<br>before him perished in the Dead Marshes.<br>\u2018On the death of Ondoher and his sons, Arvedui of the Northkingdom claimed the crown of Gondor, as the direct descendant<br>of Isildur, and as the husband of F\u0131\u00b4riel, only surviving child of<br>Ondoher. The claim was rejected. In this Pelendur, the Steward<br>of King Ondoher, played the chief part.<br>\u2018The Council of Gondor answered: \u2018\u2018The crown and royalty<br>of Gondor belongs solely to the heirs of Meneldil, son of Ana\u00b4-<br>rion, to whom Isildur relinquished this realm. In Gondor this<br>heritage is reckoned through the sons only; and we have not<br>heard that the law is otherwise in Arnor.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018To this Arvedui replied: \u2018\u2018Elendil had two sons, of whom<br>Isildur was the elder and the heir of his father. We have heard<br>appendix a 1375<br>that the name of Elendil stands to this day at the head of the<br>line of the Kings of Gondor, since he was accounted the high<br>king of all lands of the Du\u00b4nedain. While Elendil still lived, the<br>conjoint rule in the South was committed to his sons; but when<br>Elendil fell, Isildur departed to take up the high kingship of his<br>father, and committed the rule in the South in like manner to<br>the son of his brother. He did not relinquish his royalty in<br>Gondor, nor intend that the realm of Elendil should be divided<br>for ever.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Moreover, in Nu\u00b4menor of old the sceptre descended to the<br>eldest child of the king, whether man or woman. It is true that<br>the law has not been observed in the lands of exile ever troubled<br>by war; but such was the law of our people, to which we now<br>refer, seeing that the sons of Ondoher died childless.\u2019\u20191<br>\u2018To this Gondor made no answer. The crown was claimed by<br>Ea\u00a8rnil, the victorious captain; and it was granted to him with the<br>approval of all the Du\u00b4nedain in Gondor, since he was of the<br>royal house. He was the son of Siriondil, son of Calimmacil, son<br>of Arciryas brother of Narmacil II. Arvedui did not press his<br>claim; for he had neither the power nor the will to oppose the<br>choice of the Du\u00b4nedain of Gondor; yet the claim was never<br>forgotten by his descendants even when their kingship had<br>passed away. For the time was now drawing near when the<br>North-kingdom would come to an end.<br>\u2018Arvedui was indeed the last king, as his name signifies. It is<br>said that this name was given to him at his birth by Malbeth the<br>Seer, who said to his father: \u2018\u2018Arvedui you shall call him, for he<br>will be the last in Arthedain. Though a choice will come to the<br>Du\u00b4nedain, and if they take the one that seems less hopeful, then<br>your son will change his name and become king of a great realm.<br>If not, then much sorrow and many lives of men shall pass, until<br>the Du\u00b4nedain arise and are united again.\u2019\u2019<br>1 That law was made in Nu\u00b4menor (as we have learned from the King)<br>when Tar-Aldarion, the sixth king, left only one child, a daughter. She<br>became the first Ruling Queen, Tar-Ancalime\u00a8. But the law was otherwise<br>before her time. Tar-Elendil, the fourth king, was succeeded by his son<br>Tar-Meneldur, though his daughter Silmarie\u00a8n was the elder. It was,<br>however, from Silmarie\u00a8n that Elendil was descended.<br>1376 the return of the king<br>\u2018In Gondor also one king only followed Ea\u00a8rnil. It may be that<br>if the crown and the sceptre had been united, then the kingship<br>would have been maintained and much evil averted. But Ea\u00a8rnil<br>was a wise man, and not arrogant, even if, as to most men in<br>Gondor, the realm in Arthedain seemed a small thing, for all the<br>lineage of its lords.<br>\u2018He sent messages to Arvedui announcing that he received the<br>crown of Gondor, according to the laws and the needs of the<br>South-kingdom, \u2018\u2018but I do not forget the royalty of Arnor, nor<br>deny our kinship, nor wish that the realms of Elendil should be<br>estranged. I will send to your aid when you have need, so far as<br>I am able.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018It was, however, long before Ea\u00a8rnil felt himself sufficiently<br>secure to do as he promised. King Araphant continued with<br>dwindling strength to hold off the assaults of Angmar, and<br>Arvedui when he succeeded did likewise; but at last in the<br>autumn of 1973 messages came to Gondor that Arthedain was<br>in great straits, and that the Witch-king was preparing a last<br>stroke against it. Then Ea\u00a8rnil sent his son Ea\u00a8rnur north with a<br>fleet, as swiftly as he could, and with as great strength as he<br>could spare. Too late. Before Ea\u00a8rnur reached the havens of<br>Lindon, the Witch-king had conquered Arthedain and Arvedui<br>had perished.<br>\u2018But when Ea\u00a8rnur came to the Grey Havens there was joy<br>and great wonder among both Elves and Men. So great in<br>draught and so many were his ships that they could scarcely<br>find harbourage, though both the Harlond and the Forlond also<br>were filled; and from them descended an army of power, with<br>munition and provision for a war of great kings. Or so it seemed<br>to the people of the North, though this was but a small sendingforce of the whole might of Gondor. Most of all, the horses<br>were praised, for many of them came from the Vales of Anduin<br>and with them were riders tall and fair, and proud princes of<br>Rhovanion.<br>\u2018Then C\u0131\u00b4rdan summoned all who would come to him, from<br>Lindon or Arnor, and when all was ready the host crossed the<br>Lune and marched north to challenge the Witch-king of Angmar.<br>He was now dwelling, it is said, in Fornost, which he had filled<br>with evil folk, usurping the house and rule of the kings. In his<br>appendix a 1377<br>pride he did not await the onset of his enemies in his stronghold,<br>but went out to meet them, thinking to sweep them, as others<br>before, into the Lune.<br>\u2018But the Host of the West came down on him out of the Hills<br>of Evendim, and there was a great battle on the plain between<br>Nenuial and the North Downs. The forces of Angmar were<br>already giving way and retreating towards Fornost when the<br>main body of the horsemen that had passed round the hills came<br>down from the north and scattered them in a great rout. Then<br>the Witch-king, with all that he could gather from the wreck,<br>fled northwards, seeking his own land of Angmar. Before he<br>could gain the shelter of Carn Du\u02c6m the cavalry of Gondor<br>overtook him with Ea\u00a8rnur riding at their head. At the same time<br>a force under Glorfindel the Elf-lord came up out of Rivendell.<br>Then so utterly was Angmar defeated that not a man nor an orc<br>of that realm remained west of the Mountains.<br>\u2018But it is said that when all was lost suddenly the Witch-king<br>himself appeared, black-robed and black-masked upon a black<br>horse. Fear fell upon all who beheld him; but he singled out<br>the Captain of Gondor for the fullness of his hatred, and<br>with a terrible cry he rode straight upon him. Ea\u00a8rnur would<br>have withstood him; but his horse could not endure that<br>onset, and it swerved and bore him far away before he could<br>master it.<br>\u2018Then the Witch-king laughed, and none that heard it ever<br>forgot the horror of that cry. But Glorfindel rode up then on his<br>white horse, and in the midst of his laughter the Witch-king<br>turned to flight and passed into the shadows. For night came<br>down on the battlefield, and he was lost, and none saw whither<br>he went.<br>\u2018Ea\u00a8rnur now rode back, but Glorfindel, looking into the gathering dark, said: \u2018\u2018Do not pursue him! He will not return to this<br>land. Far off yet is his doom, and not by the hand of man will<br>he fall.\u2019\u2019 These words many remembered; but Ea\u00a8rnur was angry,<br>desiring only to be avenged for his disgrace.<br>\u2018So ended the evil realm of Angmar; and so did Ea\u00a8rnur, Captain of Gondor, earn the chief hatred of the Witch-king; but<br>many years were still to pass before that was revealed.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1378 the return of the king<br>It was thus in the reign of King Ea\u00a8rnil, as later became clear,<br>that the Witch-king escaping from the North came to Mordor,<br>and there gathered the other Ringwraiths, of whom he was the<br>chief. But it was not until 2000 that they issued from Mordor by<br>the Pass of Cirith Ungol and laid siege to Minas Ithil. This they<br>took in 2002, and captured the palant\u0131\u00b4r of the tower. They were<br>not expelled while the Third Age lasted; and Minas Ithil became<br>a place of fear, and was renamed Minas Morgul. Many of the<br>people that still remained in Ithilien deserted it.<br>\u2018Ea\u00a8rnur was a man like his father in valour, but not in wisdom.<br>He was a man of strong body and hot mood; but he would take<br>no wife, for his only pleasure was in fighting, or in the exercise<br>of arms. His prowess was such that none in Gondor could stand<br>against him in those weapon-sports in which he delighted, seeming rather a champion than a captain or king, and retaining his<br>vigour and skill to a later age than was then usual.\u2019<br>When Ea\u00a8rnur received the crown in 2043 the King of Minas<br>Morgul challenged him to single combat, taunting him that he<br>had not dared to stand before him in battle in the North. For<br>that time Mardil the Steward restrained the wrath of the king.<br>Minas Anor, which had become the chief city of the realm since<br>the days of King Telemnar, and the residence of the kings, was<br>now renamed Minas Tirith, as the city ever on guard against the<br>evil of Morgul.<br>Ea\u00a8rnur had held the crown only seven years when the Lord<br>of Morgul repeated his challenge, taunting the king that to the<br>faint heart of his youth he had now added the weakness of age.<br>Then Mardil could no longer restrain him, and he rode with a<br>small escort of knights to the gate of Minas Morgul. None of<br>that riding were ever heard of again. It was believed in Gondor<br>that the faithless enemy had trapped the king, and that he had<br>died in torment in Minas Morgul; but since there were no witnesses of his death, Mardil the Good Steward ruled Gondor in<br>his name for many years.<br>Now the descendants of the kings had become few. Their<br>numbers had been greatly diminished in the Kin-strife; whereas<br>since that time the kings had become jealous and watchful of<br>those near akin. Often those on whom suspicion fell had fled to<br>appendix a 1379<br>Umbar and there joined the rebels; while others had renounced<br>their lineage and taken wives not of Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean blood.<br>So it was that no claimant to the crown could be found who<br>was of pure blood, or whose claim all would allow; and all feared<br>the memory of the Kin-strife, knowing that if any such dissension<br>arose again, then Gondor would perish. Therefore, though the<br>years lengthened, the Steward continued to rule Gondor, and<br>the crown of Elendil lay in the lap of King Ea\u00a8rnil in the Houses<br>of the Dead, where Ea\u00a8rnur had left it.<br>The Stewards<br>The House of the Stewards was called the House of Hu\u00b4rin, for<br>they were descendants of the Steward of King Minardil (1621\u2013<br>34), Hu\u00b4rin of Emyn Arnen, a man of high Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean race.<br>After his day the kings had always chosen their stewards from<br>among his descendants; and after the days of Pelendur the Stewardship became hereditary as a kingship, from father to son or<br>nearest kin.<br>Each new Steward indeed took office with the oath \u2018to hold<br>rod and rule in the name of the king, until he shall return\u2019. But<br>these soon became words of ritual little heeded, for the Stewards<br>exercised all the power of the kings. Yet many in Gondor still<br>believed that a king would indeed return in some time to come;<br>and some remembered the ancient line of the North, which it<br>was rumoured still lived on in the shadows. But against such<br>thoughts the Ruling Stewards hardened their hearts.<br>Nonetheless the Stewards never sat on the ancient throne;<br>and they wore no crown, and held no sceptre. They bore a<br>white rod only as the token of their office; and their banner<br>was white without charge; but the royal banner had been sable,<br>upon which was displayed a white tree in blossom beneath<br>seven stars.<br>After Mardil Voronwe\u00a8, who was reckoned the first of the line,<br>there followed twenty-four Ruling Stewards of Gondor, until the<br>time of Denethor II, the twenty-sixth and last. At first they had<br>quiet, for those were the days of the Watchful Peace, during<br>which Sauron withdrew before the power of the White Council<br>1380 the return of the king<br>and the Ringwraiths remained hidden in Morgul Vale. But from<br>the time of Denethor I, there was never full peace again, and<br>even when Gondor had no great or open war its borders were<br>under constant threat.<br>In the last years of Denethor I the race of uruks, black orcs of<br>great strength, first appeared out of Mordor, and in 2475 they<br>swept across Ithilien and took Osgiliath. Boromir son of<br>Denethor (after whom Boromir of the Nine Walkers was later<br>named) defeated them and regained Ithilien; but Osgiliath was<br>finally ruined, and its great stone-bridge was broken. No people<br>dwelt there afterwards. Boromir was a great captain, and even<br>the Witch-king feared him. He was noble and fair of face, a man<br>strong in body and in will, but he received a Morgul-wound in<br>that war which shortened his days, and he became shrunken<br>with pain and died twelve years after his father.<br>After him began the long rule of Cirion. He was watchful and<br>wary, but the reach of Gondor had grown short, and he could<br>do little more than defend his borders, while his enemies (or the<br>power that moved them) prepared strokes against him that he<br>could not hinder. The Corsairs harried his coasts, but it was in<br>the north that his chief peril lay. In the wide lands of Rhovanion,<br>between Mirkwood and the River Running, a fierce people now<br>dwelt, wholly under the shadow of Dol Guldur. Often they made<br>raids through the forest, until the vale of Anduin south of the<br>Gladden was largely deserted. These Balchoth were constantly<br>increased by others of like kind that came in from the east,<br>whereas the people of Calenardhon had dwindled. Cirion was<br>hard put to it to hold the line of the Anduin.<br>\u2018Foreseeing the storm, Cirion sent north for aid, but over-late;<br>for in that year (2510) the Balchoth, having built many great<br>boats and rafts on the east shores of Anduin, swarmed over the<br>River and swept away the defenders. An army marching up from<br>the south was cut off and driven north over the Limlight, and<br>there it was suddenly attacked by a horde of Orcs from the<br>Mountains and pressed towards the Anduin. Then out of the<br>North there came help beyond hope, and the horns of the Rohirrim were first heard in Gondor. Eorl the Young came with his<br>riders and swept away the enemy, and pursued the Balchoth to<br>the death over the fields of Calenardhon. Cirion granted to Eorl<br>appendix a 1381<br>that land to dwell in, and he swore to Cirion the Oath of Eorl,<br>of friendship at need or at call to the Lords of Gondor.\u2019<br>In the days of Beren, the nineteenth Steward, an even greater<br>peril came upon Gondor. Three great fleets, long prepared,<br>came up from Umbar and the Harad, and assailed the coasts of<br>Gondor in great force; and the enemy made many landings, even<br>as far north as the mouth of the Isen. At the same time the<br>Rohirrim were assailed from the west and the east, and their land<br>was overrun, and they were driven into the dales of the White<br>Mountains. In that year (2758) the Long Winter began with cold<br>and great snows out of the North and the East which lasted for<br>almost five months. Helm of Rohan and both his sons perished<br>in that war; and there was misery and death in Eriador and in<br>Rohan. But in Gondor south of the mountains things were less<br>evil, and before spring came Beregond son of Beren had overcome the invaders. At once he sent aid to Rohan. He was the<br>greatest captain that had arisen in Gondor since Boromir; and<br>when he succeeded his father (2763) Gondor began to recover<br>its strength. But Rohan was slower to be healed of the hurts that<br>it had received. It was for this reason that Beren welcomed<br>Saruman, and gave to him the keys of Orthanc; and from that<br>year on (2759) Saruman dwelt in Isengard.<br>It was in the days of Beregond that the War of the Dwarves and<br>Orcs was fought in the Misty Mountains (2793\u20139), of which only<br>rumour came south, until the Orcs fleeing from Nanduhirion<br>attempted to cross Rohan and establish themselves in the White<br>Mountains. There was fighting for many years in the dales before<br>that danger was ended.<br>When Belecthor II, the twenty-first Steward, died, the White<br>Tree died also in Minas Tirith; but it was left standing \u2018until the<br>King returns\u2019, for no seedling could be found.<br>In the days of Tu\u00b4rin II the enemies of Gondor began to move<br>again; for Sauron was grown again to power and the day of his<br>arising was drawing near. All but the hardiest of its people<br>deserted Ithilien and removed west over Anduin, for the land<br>was infested by Mordor-orcs. It was Tu\u00b4rin that built secret refuges for his soldiers in Ithilien, of which Henneth Annu\u02c6n was<br>1382 the return of the king<br>the longest guarded and manned. He also fortified again the isle<br>of Cair Andros1 to defend Ano\u00b4rien. But his chief peril lay in the<br>south, where the Haradrim had occupied South Gondor, and<br>there was much fighting along the Poros. When Ithilien was<br>invaded in great strength, King Folcwine of Rohan fulfilled the<br>Oath of Eorl and repaid his debt for the aid brought by Beregond,<br>sending many men to Gondor. With their aid Tu\u00b4rin won a<br>victory at the crossing of the Poros; but the sons of Folcwine<br>both fell in the battle. The Riders buried them after the fashion<br>of their people, and they were laid in one mound, for they were<br>twin brothers. Long it stood, Haudh in Gwanu\u02c6r, high upon the<br>shore of the river, and the enemies of Gondor feared to pass it.<br>Turgon followed Tu\u00b4rin, but of his time it is chiefly<br>remembered that two years ere his death, Sauron arose again,<br>and declared himself openly; and he re-entered Mordor long<br>prepared for him. Then the Barad-du\u02c6r was raised once more,<br>and Mount Doom burst into flame, and the last of the folk of<br>Ithilien fled far away. When Turgon died Saruman took Isengard<br>for his own, and fortified it.<br>\u2018Ecthelion II, son of Turgon, was a man of wisdom. With what<br>power was left to him he began to strengthen his realm against<br>the assault of Mordor. He encouraged all men of worth from<br>near or far to enter his service, and to those who proved trustworthy he gave rank and reward. In much that he did he had<br>the aid and advice of a great captain whom he loved above all.<br>Thorongil men called him in Gondor, the Eagle of the Star, for<br>he was swift and keen-eyed, and wore a silver star upon his<br>cloak; but no one knew his true name nor in what land he was<br>born. He came to Ecthelion from Rohan, where he had served<br>the King Thengel, but he was not one of the Rohirrim. He was<br>a great leader of men, by land or by sea, but he departed into<br>the shadows whence he came, before the days of Ecthelion were<br>ended.<br>\u2018Thorongil often counselled Ecthelion that the strength of the<br>1 This name means \u2018Ship of Long-foam\u2019; for the isle was shaped like<br>a great ship, with a high prow pointing north, against which the white<br>foam of Anduin broke on sharp rocks.<br>appendix a 1383<br>rebels in Umbar was a great peril to Gondor, and a threat to the<br>fiefs of the south that would prove deadly, if Sauron moved to<br>open war. At last he got leave of the Steward and gathered a<br>small fleet, and he came to Umbar unlooked for by night, and<br>there burned a great part of the ships of the Corsairs. He himself<br>overthrew the Captain of the Haven in battle upon the quays,<br>and then he withdrew his fleet with small loss. But when they<br>came back to Pelargir, to men\u2019s grief and wonder, he would not<br>return to Minas Tirith, where great honour awaited him.<br>\u2018He sent a message of farewell to Ecthelion, saying: \u2018\u2018Other<br>tasks now call me, lord, and much time and many perils must<br>pass, ere I come again to Gondor, if that be my fate.\u2019\u2019 Though<br>none could guess what those tasks might be, nor what summons<br>he had received, it was known whither he went. For he took<br>boat and crossed over Anduin, and there he said farewell to his<br>companions and went on alone; and when he was last seen his<br>face was towards the Mountains of Shadow.<br>\u2018There was dismay in the City at the departure of Thorongil,<br>and to all men it seemed a great loss, unless it were to Denethor,<br>the son of Ecthelion, a man now ripe for the Stewardship, to<br>which after four years he succeeded on the death of his father.<br>\u2018Denethor II was a proud man, tall, valiant, and more kingly<br>than any man that had appeared in Gondor for many lives of<br>men; and he was wise also, and far-sighted, and learned in lore.<br>Indeed he was as like to Thorongil as to one of nearest kin, and<br>yet was ever placed second to the stranger in the hearts of men<br>and the esteem of his father. At the time many thought that<br>Thorongil had departed before his rival became his master;<br>though indeed Thorongil had never himself vied with Denethor,<br>nor held himself higher than the servant of his father. And in<br>one matter only were their counsels to the Steward at variance:<br>Thorongil often warned Ecthelion not to put trust in Saruman<br>the White in Isengard, but to welcome rather Gandalf the Grey.<br>But there was little love between Denethor and Gandalf; and<br>after the days of Ecthelion there was less welcome for the Grey<br>Pilgrim in Minas Tirith. Therefore later, when all was made<br>clear, many believed that Denethor, who was subtle in mind<br>and looked further and deeper than other men of his day, had<br>1384 the return of the king<br>discovered who this stranger Thorongil in truth was, and suspected that he and Mithrandir designed to supplant him.<br>\u2018When Denethor became Steward (2984) he proved a masterful<br>lord, holding the rule of all things in his own hand. He said little.<br>He listened to counsel, and then followed his own mind. He had<br>married late (2976), taking as wife Finduilas, daughter of Adrahil<br>of Dol Amroth. She was a lady of great beauty and gentle heart,<br>but before twelve years had passed she died. Denethor loved<br>her, in his fashion, more dearly than any other, unless it were<br>the elder of the sons that she bore him. But it seemed to men<br>that she withered in the guarded city, as a flower of the seaward<br>vales set upon a barren rock. The shadow in the east filled her<br>with horror, and she turned her eyes ever south to the sea that<br>she missed.<br>\u2018After her death Denethor became more grim and silent than<br>before, and would sit long alone in his tower deep in thought,<br>foreseeing that the assault of Mordor would come in his time. It<br>was afterwards believed that needing knowledge, but being<br>proud, and trusting in his own strength of will, he dared to look<br>in the palant\u0131\u00b4r of the White Tower. None of the Stewards had<br>dared to do this, nor even the kings Ea\u00a8rnil and Ea\u00a8rnur, after<br>the fall of Minas Ithil when the palant\u0131\u00b4r of Isildur came into the<br>hands of the Enemy; for the Stone of Minas Tirith was the<br>palant\u0131\u00b4r of Ana\u00b4rion, most close in accord with the one that<br>Sauron possessed.<br>\u2018In this way Denethor gained his great knowledge of things<br>that passed in his realm, and far beyond his borders, at which<br>men marvelled; but he bought the knowledge dearly, being aged<br>before his time by his contest with the will of Sauron. Thus<br>pride increased in Denethor together with despair, until he saw<br>in all the deeds of that time only a single combat between the<br>Lord of the White Tower and the Lord of the Barad-du\u02c6r, and<br>mistrusted all others who resisted Sauron, unless they served<br>himself alone.<br>\u2018So time drew on to the War of the Ring, and the sons of<br>Denethor grew to manhood. Boromir, five years the elder,<br>beloved by his father, was like him in face and pride, but in little<br>else. Rather he was a man after the sort of King Ea\u00a8rnur of old,<br>appendix a 1385<br>taking no wife and delighting chiefly in arms; fearless and strong,<br>but caring little for lore, save the tales of old battles. Faramir the<br>younger was like him in looks but otherwise in mind. He read<br>the hearts of men as shrewdly as his father, but what he read<br>moved him sooner to pity than to scorn. He was gentle in bearing, and a lover of lore and of music, and therefore by many in<br>those days his courage was judged less than his brother\u2019s. But it<br>was not so, except that he did not seek glory in danger without<br>a purpose. He welcomed Gandalf at such times as he came to<br>the City, and he learned what he could from his wisdom; and in<br>this as in many other matters he displeased his father.<br>\u2018Yet between the brothers there was great love, and had been<br>since childhood, when Boromir was the helper and protector of<br>Faramir. No jealousy or rivalry had arisen between them since,<br>for their father\u2019s favour or for the praise of men. It did not seem<br>possible to Faramir that anyone in Gondor could rival Boromir,<br>heir of Denethor, Captain of the White Tower; and of like mind<br>was Boromir. Yet it proved otherwise at the test. But of all that<br>befell these three in the War of the Ring much is said elsewhere.<br>And after the War the days of the Ruling Stewards came to an<br>end; for the heir of Isildur and Ana\u00b4rion returned and the kingship<br>was renewed, and the standard of the White Tree flew once<br>more from the Tower of Ecthelion.\u2019<br>(v)<br>here follows a part of the tale<br>of aragorn and arwen<br>\u2018Arador was the grandfather of the King. His son Arathorn<br>sought in marriage Gilraen the Fair, daughter of D\u0131\u00b4rhael, who<br>was himself a descendant of Aranarth. To this marriage D\u0131\u00b4rhael<br>was opposed; for Gilraen was young and had not reached the<br>age at which the women of the Du\u00b4nedain were accustomed to<br>marry.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Moreover,\u2019\u2019 he said, \u2018\u2018Arathorn is a stern man of full age,<br>and will be chieftain sooner than men looked for; yet my heart<br>forebodes that he will be short-lived.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018But Ivorwen, his wife, who was also foresighted, answered:<br>1386 the return of the king<br>\u2018\u2018The more need of haste! The days are darkening before the<br>storm, and great things are to come. If these two wed now, hope<br>may be born for our people; but if they delay, it will not come<br>while this age lasts.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018And it happened that when Arathorn and Gilraen had been<br>married only one year, Arador was taken by hill-trolls in the<br>Coldfells north of Rivendell and was slain; and Arathorn became<br>Chieftain of the Du\u00b4nedain. The next year Gilraen bore him a<br>son, and he was called Aragorn. But Aragorn was only two years<br>old when Arathorn went riding against the Orcs with the sons of<br>Elrond, and he was slain by an orc-arrow that pierced his eye;<br>and so he proved indeed short-lived for one of his race, being<br>but sixty years old when he fell.<br>\u2018Then Aragorn, being now the Heir of Isildur, was taken with<br>his mother to dwell in the house of Elrond; and Elrond took the<br>place of his father and came to love him as a son of his own. But<br>he was called Estel, that is \u2018\u2018Hope\u2019\u2019, and his true name and<br>lineage were kept secret at the bidding of Elrond; for the Wise<br>then knew that the Enemy was seeking to discover the Heir of<br>Isildur, if any remained upon earth.<br>\u2018But when Estel was only twenty years of age, it chanced that<br>he returned to Rivendell after great deeds in the company of the<br>sons of Elrond; and Elrond looked at him and was pleased, for<br>he saw that he was fair and noble and was early come to manhood, though he would yet become greater in body and in mind.<br>That day therefore Elrond called him by his true name, and told<br>him who he was and whose son; and he delivered to him the<br>heirlooms of his house.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Here is the ring of Barahir,\u2019\u2019 he said, \u2018\u2018the token of our<br>kinship from afar; and here also are the shards of Narsil. With<br>these you may yet do great deeds; for I foretell that the span of<br>your life shall be greater than the measure of Men, unless evil<br>befalls you or you fail at the test. But the test will be hard and<br>long. The Sceptre of Annu\u00b4minas I withhold, for you have yet to<br>earn it.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018The next day at the hour of sunset Aragorn walked alone in<br>the woods, and his heart was high within him; and he sang, for<br>he was full of hope and the world was fair. And suddenly even<br>as he sang he saw a maiden walking on a greensward among the<br>appendix a 1387<br>white stems of the birches; and he halted amazed, thinking that<br>he had strayed into a dream, or else that he had received the gift<br>of the Elf-minstrels, who can make the things of which they sing<br>appear before the eyes of those that listen.<br>\u2018For Aragorn had been singing a part of the Lay of Lu\u00b4thien<br>which tells of the meeting of Lu\u00b4thien and Beren in the forest of<br>Neldoreth. And behold! there Lu\u00b4thien walked before his eyes in<br>Rivendell, clad in a mantle of silver and blue, fair as the twilight<br>in Elven-home; her dark hair strayed in a sudden wind, and her<br>brows were bound with gems like stars.<br>\u2018For a moment Aragorn gazed in silence, but fearing that she<br>would pass away and never be seen again, he called to her crying,<br>Tinu\u00b4viel, Tinu\u00b4viel! even as Beren had done in the Elder Days<br>long ago.<br>\u2018Then the maiden turned to him and smiled, and she said:<br>\u2018\u2018Who are you? And why do you call me by that name?\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018And he answered: \u2018\u2018Because I believed you to be indeed<br>Lu\u00b4thien Tinu\u00b4viel, of whom I was singing. But if you are not she,<br>then you walk in her likeness.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018So many have said,\u2019\u2019 she answered gravely. \u2018\u2018Yet her name<br>is not mine. Though maybe my doom will be not unlike hers.<br>But who are you?\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Estel I was called,\u2019\u2019 he said; \u2018\u2018but I am Aragorn, Arathorn\u2019s<br>son, Isildur\u2019s Heir, Lord of the Du\u00b4nedain\u2019\u2019; yet even in the saying<br>he felt that this high lineage, in which his heart had rejoiced, was<br>now of little worth, and as nothing compared to her dignity and<br>loveliness.<br>\u2018But she laughed merrily and said: \u2018\u2018Then we are akin from<br>afar. For I am Arwen Elrond\u2019s daughter, and am named also<br>Undo\u00b4miel.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Often is it seen,\u2019\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018\u2018that in dangerous days men<br>hide their chief treasure. Yet I marvel at Elrond and your brothers;<br>for though I have dwelt in this house from childhood, I have heard<br>no word of you. How comes it that we have never met before?<br>Surely your father has not kept you locked in his hoard?\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018No,\u2019\u2019 she said, and looked up at the Mountains that rose in<br>the east. \u2018\u2018I have dwelt for a time in the land of my mother\u2019s kin,<br>in far Lothlo\u00b4rien. I have but lately returned to visit my father<br>again. It is many years since I walked in Imladris.\u2019\u2019<br>1388 the return of the king<br>\u2018Then Aragorn wondered, for she had seemed of no greater<br>age than he, who had lived yet no more than a score of years<br>in Middle-earth. But Arwen looked in his eyes and said: \u2018\u2018Do<br>not wonder! For the children of Elrond have the life of the<br>Eldar.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018Then Aragorn was abashed, for he saw the elven-light in her<br>eyes and the wisdom of many days; yet from that hour he loved<br>Arwen Undo\u00b4miel daughter of Elrond.<br>\u2018In the days that followed Aragorn fell silent, and his mother<br>perceived that some strange thing had befallen him; and at last<br>he yielded to her questions and told her of the meeting in the<br>twilight of the trees.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018My son,\u2019\u2019 said Gilraen, \u2018\u2018your aim is high, even for the<br>descendant of many kings. For this lady is the noblest and fairest<br>that now walks the earth. And it is not fit that mortal should wed<br>with the Elf-kin.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Yet we have some part in that kinship,\u2019\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018\u2018if<br>the tale of my forefathers is true that I have learned.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018It is true,\u2019\u2019 said Gilraen, \u2018\u2018but that was long ago and in<br>another age of this world, before our race was diminished.<br>Therefore I am afraid; for without the good will of Master Elrond<br>the Heirs of Isildur will soon come to an end. But I do not think<br>that you will have the good will of Elrond in this matter.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Then bitter will my days be, and I will walk in the wild<br>alone,\u2019\u2019 said Aragorn.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018That will indeed be your fate,\u2019\u2019 said Gilraen; but though she<br>had in a measure the foresight of her people, she said no more<br>to him of her foreboding, nor did she speak to anyone of what<br>her son had told her.<br>\u2018But Elrond saw many things and read many hearts. One day,<br>therefore, before the fall of the year he called Aragorn to his<br>chamber, and he said: \u2018\u2018Aragorn, Arathorn\u2019s son, Lord of the<br>Du\u00b4nedain, listen to me! A great doom awaits you, either to rise<br>above the height of all your fathers since the days of Elendil, or<br>to fall into darkness with all that is left of your kin. Many years<br>of trial lie before you. You shall neither have wife, nor bind any<br>woman to you in troth, until your time comes and you are found<br>worthy of it.\u2019\u2019<br>appendix a 1389<br>\u2018Then Aragorn was troubled, and he said: \u2018\u2018Can it be that my<br>mother has spoken of this?\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018No indeed,\u2019\u2019 said Elrond. \u2018\u2018Your own eyes have betrayed<br>you. But I do not speak of my daughter alone. You shall be<br>betrothed to no man\u2019s child as yet. But as for Arwen the Fair,<br>Lady of Imladris and of Lo\u00b4rien, Evenstar of her people, she is<br>of lineage greater than yours, and she has lived in the world<br>already so long that to her you are but as a yearling shoot beside<br>a young birch of many summers. She is too far above you. And<br>so, I think, it may well seem to her. But even if it were not so, and<br>her heart turned towards you, I should still be grieved because of<br>the doom that is laid on us.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018What is that doom?\u2019\u2019 said Aragorn.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018That so long as I abide here, she shall live with the youth of<br>the Eldar,\u2019\u2019 answered Elrond, \u2018\u2018and when I depart, she shall go<br>with me, if she so chooses.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018I see,\u2019\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018\u2018that I have turned my eyes to a<br>treasure no less dear than the treasure of Thingol that Beren<br>once desired. Such is my fate.\u2019\u2019 Then suddenly the foresight of<br>his kindred came to him, and he said: \u2018\u2018But lo! Master Elrond,<br>the years of your abiding run short at last, and the choice must<br>soon be laid on your children, to part either with you or with<br>Middle-earth.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Truly,\u2019\u2019 said Elrond. \u2018\u2018Soon, as we account it, though many<br>years of Men must still pass. But there will be no choice before<br>Arwen, my beloved, unless you, Aragorn, Arathorn\u2019s son, come<br>between us and bring one of us, you or me, to a bitter parting<br>beyond the end of the world. You do not know yet what you<br>desire of me.\u2019\u2019 He sighed, and after a while, looking gravely upon<br>the young man, he said again: \u2018\u2018The years will bring what they<br>will. We will speak no more of this until many have passed. The<br>days darken, and much evil is to come.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018Then Aragorn took leave lovingly of Elrond; and the next day<br>he said farewell to his mother, and to the house of Elrond, and<br>to Arwen, and he went out into the wild. For nearly thirty years<br>he laboured in the cause against Sauron; and he became a friend<br>of Gandalf the Wise, from whom he gained much wisdom. With<br>him he made many perilous journeys, but as the years wore on<br>1390 the return of the king<br>he went more often alone. His ways were hard and long, and he<br>became somewhat grim to look upon, unless he chanced to smile;<br>and yet he seemed to Men worthy of honour, as a king that is in<br>exile, when he did not hide his true shape. For he went in many<br>guises, and won renown under many names. He rode in the host<br>of the Rohirrim, and fought for the Lord of Gondor by land and<br>by sea; and then in the hour of victory he passed out of the<br>knowledge of Men of the West, and went alone far into the East<br>and deep into the South, exploring the hearts of Men, both evil<br>and good, and uncovering the plots and devices of the servants<br>of Sauron.<br>\u2018Thus he became at last the most hardy of living Men, skilled<br>in their crafts and lore, and was yet more than they; for he was<br>elven-wise, and there was a light in his eyes that when they were<br>kindled few could endure. His face was sad and stern because<br>of the doom that was laid on him, and yet hope dwelt ever in<br>the depths of his heart, from which mirth would arise at times<br>like a spring from the rock.<br>\u2018It came to pass that when Aragorn was nine and forty years of<br>age he returned from perils on the dark confines of Mordor,<br>where Sauron now dwelt again and was busy with evil. He was<br>weary and he wished to go back to Rivendell and rest there for<br>a while ere he journeyed into the far countries; and on his way<br>he came to the borders of Lo\u00b4rien and was admitted to the hidden<br>land by the Lady Galadriel.<br>\u2018He did not know it, but Arwen Undo\u00b4miel was also there,<br>dwelling again for a time with the kin of her mother. She was<br>little changed, for the mortal years had passed her by; yet her<br>face was more grave, and her laughter now seldom was heard.<br>But Aragorn was grown to full stature of body and mind, and<br>Galadriel bade him cast aside his wayworn raiment, and she<br>clothed him in silver and white, with a cloak of elven-grey and a<br>bright gem on his brow. Then more than any king of Men he<br>appeared, and seemed rather an Elf-lord from the Isles of the<br>West. And thus it was that Arwen first beheld him again after<br>their long parting; and as he came walking towards her under<br>the trees of Caras Galadhon laden with flowers of gold, her<br>choice was made and her doom appointed.<br>appendix a 1391<br>\u2018Then for a season they wandered together in the glades of<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien, until it was time for him to depart. And on the<br>evening of Midsummer Aragorn, Arathorn\u2019s son, and Arwen<br>daughter of Elrond went to the fair hill, Cerin Amroth, in the<br>midst of the land, and they walked unshod on the undying grass<br>with elanor and niphredil about their feet. And there upon that<br>hill they looked east to the Shadow and west to the Twilight, and<br>they plighted their troth and were glad.<br>\u2018And Arwen said: \u2018\u2018Dark is the Shadow, and yet my heart<br>rejoices; for you, Estel, shall be among the great whose valour<br>will destroy it.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018But Aragorn answered: \u2018\u2018Alas! I cannot foresee it, and how it<br>may come to pass is hidden from me. Yet with your hope I will<br>hope. And the Shadow I utterly reject. But neither, lady, is the<br>Twilight for me; for I am mortal, and if you will cleave to me,<br>Evenstar, then the Twilight you must also renounce.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018And she stood then as still as a white tree, looking into the<br>West, and at last she said: \u2018\u2018I will cleave to you, Du\u00b4nadan, and<br>turn from the Twilight. Yet there lies the land of my people and<br>the long home of all my kin.\u2019\u2019 She loved her father dearly.<br>\u2018When Elrond learned the choice of his daughter, he was silent,<br>though his heart was grieved and found the doom long feared<br>none the easier to endure. But when Aragorn came again to<br>Rivendell he called him to him, and he said:<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018My son, years come when hope will fade, and beyond them<br>little is clear to me. And now a shadow lies between us. Maybe,<br>it has been appointed so, that by my loss the kingship of Men<br>may be restored. Therefore, though I love you, I say to you:<br>Arwen Undo\u00b4miel shall not diminish her life\u2019s grace for less cause.<br>She shall not be the bride of any Man less than the King of both<br>Gondor and Arnor. To me then even our victory can bring only<br>sorrow and parting \u2013 but to you hope of joy for a while. Alas,<br>my son! I fear that to Arwen the Doom of Men may seem hard<br>at the ending.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018So it stood afterwards between Elrond and Aragorn, and they<br>spoke no more of this matter; but Aragorn went forth again to<br>danger and toil. And while the world darkened and fear fell on<br>Middle-earth, as the power of Sauron grew and the Barad-du\u02c6r<br>1392 the return of the king<br>rose ever taller and stronger, Arwen remained in Rivendell, and<br>when Aragorn was abroad, from afar she watched over him in<br>thought; and in hope she made for him a great and kingly standard, such as only one might display who claimed the lordship<br>of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans and the inheritance of Elendil.<br>\u2018After a few years Gilraen took leave of Elrond and returned<br>to her own people in Eriador, and lived alone; and she seldom<br>saw her son again, for he spent many years in far countries. But<br>on a time, when Aragorn had returned to the North, he came to<br>her, and she said to him before he went:<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018This is our last parting, Estel, my son. I am aged by care,<br>even as one of lesser Men; and now that it draws near I cannot<br>face the darkness of our time that gathers upon Middle-earth. I<br>shall leave it soon.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018Aragorn tried to comfort her, saying: \u2018\u2018Yet there may be a<br>light beyond the darkness; and if so, I would have you see it and<br>be glad.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018But she answered only with this linnod:<br>O\u00b4 nen i-Estel Edain, u\u00b4-chebin estel anim,1<br>and Aragorn went away heavy of heart. Gilraen died before the<br>next spring.<br>\u2018Thus the years drew on to the War of the Ring; of which<br>more is told elsewhere: how the means unforeseen was revealed<br>whereby Sauron might be overthrown, and how hope beyond<br>hope was fulfilled. And it came to pass that in the hour of defeat<br>Aragorn came up from the sea and unfurled the standard of<br>Arwen in the battle of the Fields of Pelennor, and in that day he<br>was first hailed as king. And at last when all was done he entered<br>into the inheritance of his fathers and received the crown of<br>Gondor and sceptre of Arnor; and at Midsummer in the year of<br>the Fall of Sauron he took the hand of Arwen Undo\u00b4miel, and<br>they were wedded in the city of the Kings.<br>\u2018The Third Age ended thus in victory and hope; and yet<br>grievous among the sorrows of that Age was the parting of<br>Elrond and Arwen, for they were sundered by the Sea and by a<br>doom beyond the end of the world. When the Great Ring was<br>1 \u2018I gave Hope to the Du\u00b4nedain, I have kept no hope for myself.\u2019<br>appendix a 1393<br>unmade and the Three were shorn of their power, then Elrond<br>grew weary at last and forsook Middle-earth, never to return.<br>But Arwen became as a mortal woman, and yet it was not her<br>lot to die until all that she had gained was lost.<br>\u2018As Queen of Elves and Men she dwelt with Aragorn for<br>six-score years in great glory and bliss; yet at last he felt the<br>approach of old age and knew that the span of his life-days was<br>drawing to an end, long though it had been. Then Aragorn said<br>to Arwen:<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018At last, Lady Evenstar, fairest in this world, and most<br>beloved, my world is fading. Lo! we have gathered, and we have<br>spent, and now the time of payment draws near.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018Arwen knew well what he intended, and long had foreseen it;<br>nonetheless she was overborne by her grief. \u2018\u2018Would you then,<br>lord, before your time leave your people that live by your word?\u2019\u2019<br>she said.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Not before my time,\u2019\u2019 he answered. \u2018\u2018For if I will not go<br>now, then I must soon go perforce. And Eldarion our son is a<br>man full-ripe for kingship.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018Then going to the House of the Kings in the Silent Street,<br>Aragorn laid him down on the long bed that had been prepared<br>for him. There he said farewell to Eldarion, and gave into his<br>hands the winged crown of Gondor and the sceptre of Arnor;<br>and then all left him save Arwen, and she stood alone by his bed.<br>And for all her wisdom and lineage she could not forbear to<br>plead with him to stay yet for a while. She was not yet weary of<br>her days, and thus she tasted the bitterness of the mortality that<br>she had taken upon her.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Lady Undo\u00b4miel,\u2019\u2019 said Aragorn, \u2018\u2018the hour is indeed hard,<br>yet it was made even in that day when we met under the white<br>birches in the garden of Elrond where none now walk. And on<br>the hill of Cerin Amroth when we forsook both the Shadow and<br>the Twilight this doom we accepted. Take counsel with yourself,<br>beloved, and ask whether you would indeed have me wait until<br>I wither and fall from my high seat unmanned and witless. Nay,<br>lady, I am the last of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans and the latest King of<br>the Elder Days; and to me has been given not only a span thrice<br>that of Men of Middle-earth, but also the grace to go at my will,<br>and give back the gift. Now, therefore, I will sleep.<br>1394 the return of the king<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018I speak no comfort to you, for there is no comfort for such<br>pain within the circles of the world. The uttermost choice is<br>before you: to repent and go to the Havens and bear away into<br>the West the memory of our days together that shall there be<br>evergreen but never more than memory; or else to abide the<br>Doom of Men.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Nay, dear lord,\u2019\u2019 she said, \u2018\u2018that choice is long over. There<br>is now no ship that would bear me hence, and I must indeed<br>abide the Doom of Men, whether I will or I nill: the loss and the<br>silence. But I say to you, King of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, not till now<br>have I understood the tale of your people and their fall. As<br>wicked fools I scorned them, but I pity them at last. For if this<br>is indeed, as the Eldar say, the gift of the One to Men, it is bitter<br>to receive.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018So it seems,\u2019\u2019 he said. \u2018\u2018But let us not be overthrown at the<br>final test, who of old renounced the Shadow and the Ring. In<br>sorrow we must go, but not in despair. Behold! we are not bound<br>for ever to the circles of the world, and beyond them is more<br>than memory. Farewell!\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Estel, Estel!\u2019\u2019 she cried, and with that even as he took her<br>hand and kissed it, he fell into sleep. Then a great beauty was<br>revealed in him, so that all who after came there looked on him<br>in wonder; for they saw that the grace of his youth, and the<br>valour of his manhood, and the wisdom and majesty of his age<br>were blended together. And long there he lay, an image of the<br>splendour of the Kings of Men in glory undimmed before the<br>breaking of the world.<br>\u2018But Arwen went forth from the House, and the light of her eyes<br>was quenched, and it seemed to her people that she had become<br>cold and grey as nightfall in winter that comes without a star. Then<br>she said farewell to Eldarion, and to her daughters, and to all whom<br>she had loved; and she went out from the city of Minas Tirith and<br>passed away to the land of Lo\u00b4rien, and dwelt there alone under<br>the fading trees until winter came. Galadriel had passed away and<br>Celeborn also was gone, and the land was silent.<br>\u2018There at last when the mallorn-leaves were falling, but spring<br>had not yet come,1 she laid herself to rest upon Cerin Amroth;<br>1 p. 435.<br>appendix a 1395<br>and there is her green grave, until the world is changed, and all<br>the days of her life are utterly forgotten by men that come after,<br>and elanor and niphredil bloom no more east of the Sea.<br>\u2018Here ends this tale, as it has come to us from the South; and<br>with the passing of Evenstar no more is said in this book of the<br>days of old.\u2019<br>II<br>THE HOUSE OF EORL<br>\u2018Eorl the Young was lord of the Men of E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od. That land lay<br>near the sources of Anduin, between the furthest ranges of the<br>Misty Mountains and the northernmost parts of Mirkwood. The<br>E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od had moved to those regions in the days of King Ea\u00a8rnil<br>II from lands in the vales of Anduin between the Carrock and<br>the Gladden, and they were in origin close akin to the Beornings<br>and the men of the west-eaves of the forest. The forefathers of<br>Eorl claimed descent from kings of Rhovanion, whose realm lay<br>beyond Mirkwood before the invasions of the Wainriders, and<br>thus they accounted themselves kinsmen of the kings of Gondor<br>descended from Eldacar. They loved best the plains, and<br>delighted in horses and in all feats of horsemanship, but there<br>were many men in the middle vales of Anduin in those days,<br>and moreover the shadow of Dol Guldur was lengthening; when<br>therefore they heard of the overthrow of the Witch-king, they<br>sought more room in the North, and drove away the remnants<br>of the people of Angmar on the east side of the Mountains. But<br>in the days of Le\u00b4od, father of Eorl, they had grown to be a<br>numerous people and were again somewhat straitened in the<br>land of their home.<br>\u2018In the two thousand five hundred and tenth year of the Third<br>Age a new peril threatened Gondor. A great host of wild men<br>from the North-east swept over Rhovanion and coming down<br>out of the Brown Lands crossed the Anduin on rafts. At the same<br>time by chance or design the Orcs (who at that time before their<br>war with the Dwarves were in great strength) made a descent from<br>the Mountains. The invaders overran Calenardhon, and Cirion,<br>Steward of Gondor, sent north for help; for there had been long<br>1396 the return of the king<br>friendship between the Men of Anduin\u2019s Vale and the people of<br>Gondor. But in the valley of the River men were now few and<br>scattered, and slow to render such aid as they could. At last<br>tidings came to Eorl of the need of Gondor, and late though it<br>seemed, he set out with a great host of riders.<br>\u2018Thus he came to the battle of the Field of Celebrant, for that<br>was the name of the green land that lay between Silverlode<br>and Limlight. There the northern army of Gondor was in peril.<br>Defeated in the Wold and cut off from the south, it had been<br>driven across the Limlight, and was then suddenly assailed by<br>the Orc-host that pressed it towards the Anduin. All hope was<br>lost when, unlooked for, the Riders came out of the North and<br>broke upon the rear of the enemy. Then the fortunes of battle<br>were reversed, and the enemy was driven with slaughter over<br>Limlight. Eorl led his men in pursuit, and so great was the fear<br>that went before the horsemen of the North that the invaders of<br>the Wold were also thrown into panic, and the Riders hunted<br>them over the plains of Calenardhon.\u2019<br>The people of that region had become few since the Plague,<br>and most of those that remained had been slaughtered by the<br>savage Easterlings. Cirion, therefore, in reward for his aid, gave<br>Calenardhon between Anduin and Isen to Eorl and his people;<br>and they sent north for their wives and children and their goods<br>and settled in that land. They named it anew the Mark of the<br>Riders, and they called themselves the Eorlingas; but in Gondor<br>their land was called Rohan, and its people the Rohirrim (that<br>is, the Horse-lords). Thus Eorl became the first King of the<br>Mark, and he chose for his dwelling a green hill before the feet<br>of the White Mountains that were the south-wall of his land.<br>There the Rohirrim lived afterwards as free men under their own<br>kings and laws, but in perpetual alliance with Gondor.<br>\u2018Many lords and warriors, and many fair and valiant women, are<br>named in the songs of Rohan that still remember the North.<br>Frumgar, they say, was the name of the chieftain who led his<br>people to E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od. Of his son, Fram, they tell that he slew<br>Scatha, the great dragon of Ered Mithrin, and the land had peace<br>from the long-worms afterwards. Thus Fram won great wealth,<br>but was at feud with the Dwarves, who claimed the hoard of<br>appendix a 1397<br>Scatha. Fram would not yield them a penny, and sent to them<br>instead the teeth of Scatha made into a necklace, saying: \u2018\u2018Jewels<br>such as these you will not match in your treasuries, for they are<br>hard to come by.\u2019\u2019 Some say that the Dwarves slew Fram for<br>this insult. There was no great love between E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od and the<br>Dwarves.<br>\u2018Le\u00b4od was the name of Eorl\u2019s father. He was a tamer of wild<br>horses; for there were many at that time in the land. He captured<br>a white foal and it grew quickly to a horse strong, and fair, and<br>proud. No man could tame it. When Le\u00b4od dared to mount it, it<br>bore him away, and at last threw him, and Le\u00b4od\u2019s head struck a<br>rock, and so he died. He was then only two and forty years old,<br>and his son a youth of sixteen.<br>\u2018Eorl vowed that he would avenge his father. He hunted long<br>for the horse, and at last he caught sight of him; and his companions expected that he would try to come within bowshot and<br>kill him. But when they drew near, Eorl stood up and called in<br>a loud voice: \u2018\u2018Come hither, Mansbane, and get a new name!\u2019\u2019<br>To their wonder the horse looked towards Eorl, and came and<br>stood before him, and Eorl said: \u2018\u2018Felaro\u00b4f I name you. You loved<br>your freedom, and I do not blame you for that. But now you<br>owe me a great weregild, and you shall surrender your freedom<br>to me until your life\u2019s end.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018Then Eorl mounted him, and Felaro\u00b4f submitted; and Eorl<br>rode him home without bit or bridle; and he rode him in like<br>fashion ever after. The horse understood all that men said,<br>though he would allow no man but Eorl to mount him. It was<br>upon Felaro\u00b4f that Eorl rode to the Field of Celebrant; for that<br>horse proved as long-lived as Men, and so were his descendants.<br>These were the mearas, who would bear no one but the King of<br>the Mark or his sons, until the time of Shadowfax. Men said of<br>them that Be\u00b4ma (whom the Eldar call Orome\u00a8) must have<br>brought their sire from West over Sea.<br>\u2018Of the Kings of the Mark between Eorl and The\u00b4oden most is<br>said of Helm Hammerhand. He was a grim man of great<br>strength. There was at that time a man named Freca, who<br>claimed descent from King Fre\u00b4awine, though he had, men said,<br>much Dunlendish blood, and was dark-haired. He grew rich and<br>1398 the return of the king<br>powerful, having wide lands on either side of the Adorn.1 Near<br>its source he made himself a stronghold and paid little heed to<br>the king. Helm mistrusted him, but called him to his councils;<br>and he came when it pleased him.<br>\u2018To one of these councils Freca rode with many men, and he<br>asked the hand of Helm\u2019s daughter for his son Wulf. But Helm<br>said: \u2018\u2018You have grown big since you were last here; but it is<br>mostly fat, I guess\u2019\u2019; and men laughed at that, for Freca was wide<br>in the belt.<br>\u2018Then Freca fell in a rage and reviled the king, and said this<br>at the last: \u2018\u2018Old kings that refuse a proffered staff may fall on<br>their knees.\u2019\u2019 Helm answered: \u2018\u2018Come! The marriage of your son<br>is a trifle. Let Helm and Freca deal with it later. Meanwhile the<br>king and his council have matters of moment to consider.\u2019\u2019<br>\u2018When the council was over, Helm stood up and laid his great<br>hand on Freca\u2019s shoulder, saying: \u2018\u2018The king does not permit<br>brawls in his house, but men are freer outside\u2019\u2019; and he forced<br>Freca to walk before him out from Edoras into the field. To<br>Freca\u2019s men that came up he said: \u2018\u2018Be off ! We need no hearers.<br>We are going to speak of a private matter alone. Go and talk to<br>my men!\u2019\u2019 And they looked and saw that the king\u2019s men and his<br>friends far outnumbered them, and they drew back.<br>\u2018 \u2018\u2018Now, Dunlending,\u2019\u2019 said the king, \u2018\u2018you have only Helm to<br>deal with, alone and unarmed. But you have said much already,<br>and it is my turn to speak. Freca, your folly has grown with your<br>belly. You talk of a staff ! If Helm dislikes a crooked staff that<br>is thrust on him, he breaks it. So!\u2019\u2019 With that he smote Freca<br>such a blow with his fist that he fell back stunned, and died soon<br>after.<br>\u2018Helm then proclaimed Freca\u2019s son and near kin the king\u2019s<br>enemies; and they fled, for at once Helm sent many men riding<br>to the west marches.\u2019<br>Four years later (2758) great troubles came to Rohan, and no<br>help could be sent from Gondor, for three fleets of the Corsairs<br>attacked it and there was war on all its coasts. At the same time<br>Rohan was again invaded from the East, and the Dunlendings<br>1 It flows into Isen from the west of Ered Nimrais.<br>appendix a 1399<br>seeing their chance came over the Isen and down from Isengard.<br>It was soon known that Wulf was their leader. They were in<br>great force, for they were joined by enemies of Gondor that<br>landed in the mouths of Lefnui and Isen.<br>The Rohirrim were defeated and their land was overrun; and<br>those who were not slain or enslaved fled to the dales of the<br>mountains. Helm was driven back with great loss from the Crossings of Isen and took refuge in the Hornburg and the ravine<br>behind (which was after known as Helm\u2019s Deep). There he was<br>besieged. Wulf took Edoras and sat in Meduseld and called<br>himself king. There Haleth Helm\u2019s son fell, last of all, defending<br>the doors.<br>\u2018Soon afterwards the Long Winter began, and Rohan lay<br>under snow for nearly five months (November to March, 2758\u2013<br>9). Both the Rohirrim and their foes suffered grievously in the<br>cold, and in the dearth that lasted longer. In Helm\u2019s Deep there<br>was a great hunger after Yule; and being in despair, against the<br>king\u2019s counsel, Ha\u00b4ma his younger son led men out on a sortie<br>and foray, but they were lost in the snow. Helm grew fierce and<br>gaunt for famine and grief; and the dread of him alone was worth<br>many men in the defence of the Burg. He would go out by<br>himself, clad in white, and stalk like a snow-troll into the camps<br>of his enemies, and slay many men with his hands. It was believed<br>that if he bore no weapon no weapon would bite on him. The<br>Dunlendings said that if he could find no food he ate men. That<br>tale lasted long in Dunland. Helm had a great horn, and soon it<br>was marked that before he sallied forth he would blow a blast<br>upon it that echoed in the Deep; and then so great a fear fell on<br>his enemies that instead of gathering to take him or kill him they<br>fled away down the Coomb.<br>\u2018One night men heard the horn blowing, but Helm did not<br>return. In the morning there came a sun-gleam, the first for long<br>days, and they saw a white figure standing still on the Dike,<br>alone, for none of the Dunlendings dared come near. There<br>stood Helm, dead as a stone, but his knees were unbent. Yet<br>men said that the horn was still heard at times in the Deep and<br>the wraith of Helm would walk among the foes of Rohan and<br>kill men with fear.<br>\u2018Soon after the winter broke. Then Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f, son of Hild, Helm\u2019s<br>1400 the return of the king<br>sister, came down out of Dunharrow, to which many had fled;<br>and with a small company of desperate men he surprised Wulf<br>in Meduseld and slew him, and regained Edoras. There were<br>great floods after the snows, and the vale of Entwash became a<br>vast fen. The Eastern invaders perished or withdrew; and there<br>came help at last from Gondor, by the roads both east and<br>west of the mountains. Before the year (2759) was ended the<br>Dunlendings were driven out, even from Isengard; and then<br>Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f became king.<br>\u2018Helm was brought from the Hornburg and laid in the ninth<br>mound. Ever after the white simbelmyne\u00a8 grew there most thickly,<br>so that the mound seemed to be snow-clad. When Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f died<br>a new line of mounds was begun.\u2019<br>The Rohirrim were grievously reduced by war and dearth and<br>loss of cattle and horses; and it was well that no great danger<br>threatened them again for many years, for it was not until<br>the time of King Folcwine that they recovered their former<br>strength.<br>It was at the crowning of Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f that Saruman appeared,<br>bringing gifts, and speaking great praise of the valour of the<br>Rohirrim. All thought him a welcome guest. Soon after he took<br>up his abode in Isengard. For this, Beren, Steward of Gondor,<br>gave him leave, for Gondor still claimed Isengard as a fortress of<br>its realm, and not part of Rohan. Beren also gave into Saruman\u2019s<br>keeping the keys of Orthanc. That tower no enemy had been<br>able to harm or to enter.<br>In this way Saruman began to behave as a lord of Men; for at<br>first he held Isengard as a lieutenant of the Steward and warden<br>of the tower. But Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f was as glad as Beren to have this so,<br>and to know that Isengard was in the hands of a strong friend.<br>A friend he long seemed, and maybe in the beginning he was<br>one in truth. Though afterwards there was little doubt in men\u2019s<br>minds that Saruman went to Isengard in hope to find the Stone<br>still there, and with the purpose of building up a power of his<br>own. Certainly after the last White Council (2953) his designs<br>towards Rohan, though he hid them, were evil. He then took<br>Isengard for his own and began to make it a place of guarded<br>strength and fear, as though to rival the Barad-du\u02c6r. His friends<br>appendix a 1401<br>and servants he drew then from all who hated Gondor and<br>Rohan, whether Men or other creatures more evil.<br>THE KINGS OF THE MARK<br>First Line<br>Year1<br>2485\u20132545 1. Eorl the Young. He was so named because he<br>succeeded his father in youth and remained yellowhaired and ruddy to the end of his days. These<br>were shortened by a renewed attack of the<br>Easterlings. Eorl fell in battle in the Wold, and the<br>first mound was raised. Felaro\u00b4f was laid there also.<br>2512\u201370 2. Brego. He drove the enemy out of the Wold,<br>and Rohan was not attacked again for many years.<br>In 2569 he completed the great hall of Meduseld.<br>At the feast his son Baldor vowed that he would<br>tread \u2018the Paths of the Dead\u2019 and did not return.2<br>Brego died of grief the next year.<br>2544\u20132645 3. Aldor the Old. He was Brego\u2019s second son. He<br>became known as the Old, since he lived to a great<br>age, and was king for 75 years. In his time the<br>Rohirrim increased, and drove out or subdued the<br>last of the Dunlendish people that lingered east of<br>Isen. Harrowdale and other mountain-valleys were<br>settled. Of the next three kings little is said, for<br>Rohan had peace and prospered in their time.<br>2570\u201326594. Fre\u00b4a. Eldest son, but fourth child of Aldor; he<br>was already old when he became king.<br>2594\u20132680 5. Fre\u00b4awine.<br>2619\u201399 6. Goldwine.<br>2644\u20132718 7. De\u00b4or. In his time the Dunlendings raided often<br>over the Isen. In 2710 they occupied the deserted<br>ring of Isengard, and could not be dislodged.<br>1 The dates are given according to the reckoning of Gondor (Third<br>Age). Those in the margin are of birth and death. 2 pp. 1030, 1043.<br>1402 the return of the king<br>2668\u20132741 8. Gram.<br>2691\u201327599. Helm Hammerhand. At the end of his reign<br>Rohan suffered great loss, by invasion and the<br>Long Winter. Helm and his sons Haleth and Ha\u00b4ma<br>perished. Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f, Helm\u2019s sister\u2019s son, became<br>king.<br>Second Line<br>2726\u20132798 10. Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f Hildeson. In his time Saruman came to<br>Isengard, from which the Dunlendings had been<br>driven. The Rohirrim at first profited by his friendship in the days of dearth and weakness that<br>followed.<br>2752\u20132842 11. Brytta. He was called by his people Le\u00b4ofa, for<br>he was loved by all; he was openhanded and a help<br>to all the needy. In his time there was war with<br>Orcs that, driven from the North, sought refuges<br>in the White Mountains.1 When he died it was<br>thought that they had all been hunted out; but it<br>was not so.<br>2780\u20132851 12. Walda. He was king only nine years. He was<br>slain with all his companions when they were<br>trapped by Orcs, as they rode by mountain-paths<br>from Dunharrow.<br>2804\u201364 13. Folca. He was a great hunter, but he vowed<br>to chase no wild beast while there was an Orc left<br>in Rohan. When the last orc-hold was found<br>and destroyed, he went to hunt the great boar<br>of Everholt in the Firien Wood. He slew the<br>boar but died of the tusk-wounds that it gave<br>him.<br>2830\u20132903 14. Folcwine. When he became king the Rohirrim<br>had recovered their strength. He reconquered the<br>west-march (between Adorn and Isen) that Dunlendings had occupied. Rohan had received great<br>help from Gondor in the evil days. When, therefore, he heard that the Haradrim were assailing<br>1 p. 1381.<br>appendix a 1403<br>Gondor with great strength, he sent many men to<br>the help of the Steward. He wished to lead them<br>himself, but was dissuaded, and his twin sons<br>Folcred and Fastred (born 2858) went in his stead.<br>They fell side by side in battle in Ithilien (2885).<br>Tu\u00b4rin II of Gondor sent to Folcwine a rich weregild of gold.<br>2870\u20132953 15. Fengel. He was the third son and fourth child<br>of Folcwine. He is not remembered with praise.<br>He was greedy of food and of gold, and at strife<br>with his marshals, and with his children. Thengel,<br>his third child and only son, left Rohan when he<br>came to manhood and lived long in Gondor, and<br>won honour in the service of Turgon.<br>2905\u201380 16. Thengel. He took no wife until late, but in 2943<br>he wedded Morwen of Lossarnach in Gondor,<br>though she was seventeen years the younger. She<br>bore him three children in Gondor, of whom<br>The\u00b4oden, the second, was his only son. When<br>Fengel died the Rohirrim recalled him, and he<br>returned unwillingly. But he proved a good and<br>wise king; though the speech of Gondor was used<br>in his house, and not all men thought that good.<br>Morwen bore him two more daughters in Rohan;<br>and the last, The\u00b4odwyn, was the fairest, though<br>she came late (2963), the child of his age. Her<br>brother loved her dearly.<br>It was soon after Thengel\u2019s return that Saruman<br>declared himself Lord of Isengard and began to<br>give trouble to Rohan, encroaching on its borders<br>and supporting its enemies.<br>2948\u2013301917. The\u00b4oden. He is called The\u00b4oden Ednew in the<br>lore of Rohan, for he fell into a decline under the<br>spells of Saruman, but was healed by Gandalf, and<br>in the last year of his life arose and led his men to<br>victory at the Hornburg, and soon after to the<br>Fields of Pelennor, the greatest battle of the Age.<br>He fell before the gates of Mundburg. For a while<br>he rested in the land of his birth, among the dead<br>1404 the return of the king<br>Kings of Gondor, but was brought back and laid<br>in the eighth mound of his line at Edoras. Then a<br>new line was begun.<br>Third Line<br>In 2989 The\u00b4odwyn married E\u00b4 omund of Eastfold, the chief Marshal of the Mark. Her son E\u00b4 omer was born in 2991, and her<br>daughter E\u00b4 owyn in 2995. At that time Sauron had arisen again,<br>and the shadow of Mordor reached out to Rohan. Orcs began<br>to raid in the eastern regions and slay or steal horses. Others also<br>came down from the Misty Mountains, many being great uruks<br>in the service of Saruman, though it was long before that was<br>suspected. E\u00b4 omund\u2019s chief charge lay in the east marches; and<br>he was a great lover of horses and hater of Orcs. If news came<br>of a raid he would often ride against them in hot anger, unwarily<br>and with few men. Thus it came about that he was slain in 3002;<br>for he pursued a small band to the borders of the Emyn Muil,<br>and was there surprised by a strong force that lay in wait in the<br>rocks.<br>Not long after The\u00b4odwyn took sick and died to the great grief<br>of the king. Her children he took into his house, calling them<br>son and daughter. He had only one child of his own, The\u00b4odred<br>his son, then twenty-four years old; for the queen Elfhild had<br>died in childbirth, and The\u00b4oden did not wed again. E\u00b4 omer and<br>E\u00b4 owyn grew up at Edoras and saw the dark shadow fall on the<br>halls of The\u00b4oden. E\u00b4 omer was like his fathers before him; but<br>E\u00b4 owyn was slender and tall, with a grace and pride that came to<br>her out of the South from Morwen of Lossarnach, whom the<br>Rohirrim had called Steelsheen.<br>2991\u2013F.A. 63 (3084) E\u00b4 omer E\u00b4 adig. When still young he<br>became a Marshal of the Mark (3017) and was<br>given his father\u2019s charge in the east marches. In<br>the War of the Ring The\u00b4odred fell in battle with<br>Saruman at the Crossings of Isen. Therefore before<br>he died on the Fields of the Pelennor The\u00b4oden<br>named E\u00b4 omer his heir and called him king. In that<br>day E\u00b4 owyn also won renown, for she fought in that<br>appendix a 1405<br>battle, riding in disguise; and was known after in<br>the Mark as the Lady of the Shield-arm.1<br>E\u00b4 omer became a great king, and being young<br>when he succeeded The\u00b4oden he reigned for sixtyfive years, longer than all their kings before him<br>save Aldor the Old. In the War of the Ring he made<br>the friendship of King Elessar, and of Imrahil of<br>Dol Amroth; and he rode often to Gondor. In the<br>last year of the Third Age he wedded Loth\u0131\u00b4riel,<br>daughter of Imrahil. Their son Elfwine the Fair<br>ruled after him.<br>In E\u00b4 omer\u2019s day in the Mark men had peace who wished for<br>it, and the people increased both in the dales and the plains, and<br>their horses multiplied. In Gondor the King Elessar now ruled,<br>and in Arnor also. In all the lands of those realms of old he was<br>king, save in Rohan only; for he renewed to E\u00b4 omer the gift of<br>Cirion, and E\u00b4 omer took again the Oath of Eorl. Often he fulfilled<br>it. For though Sauron had passed, the hatreds and evils that he<br>bred had not died, and the King of the West had many enemies<br>to subdue before the White Tree could grow in peace. And<br>wherever King Elessar went with war King E\u00b4 omer went with<br>him; and beyond the Sea of Rhu\u02c6n and on the far fields of the<br>South the thunder of the cavalry of the Mark was heard, and<br>the White Horse upon Green flew in many winds until E\u00b4 omer<br>grew old.<br>1 For her shield-arm was broken by the mace of the Witch-king; but<br>he was brought to nothing, and thus the words of Glorfindel long before<br>to King Ea\u00a8rnur were fulfilled, that the Witch-king would not fall by the<br>hand of man. For it is said in the songs of the Mark that in this deed<br>E\u00b4 owyn had the aid of The\u00b4oden\u2019s esquire, and that he also was not a<br>Man but a Halfling out of a far country, though E\u00b4 omer gave him honour<br>in the Mark and the name of Holdwine.<br>[This Holdwine was none other than Meriadoc the Magnificent who<br>was Master of Buckland.]<br>1406 the return of the king<br>III<br>DURIN\u2019S FOLK<br>Concerning the beginning of the Dwarves strange tales are told<br>both by the Eldar and by the Dwarves themselves; but since<br>these things lie far back beyond our days little is said of them<br>here. Durin is the name that the Dwarves used for the eldest of<br>the Seven Fathers of their race, and the ancestor of all the kings<br>of the Longbeards.1 He slept alone, until in the deeps of time<br>and the awakening of that people he came to Azanulbizar, and<br>in the caves above Kheled-za\u02c6ram in the east of the Misty Mountains he made his dwelling, where afterwards were the Mines of<br>Moria renowned in song.<br>There he lived so long that he was known far and wide as<br>Durin the Deathless. Yet in the end he died before the Elder<br>Days had passed, and his tomb was in Khazad-du\u02c6m; but his line<br>never failed, and five times an heir was born in his House so like<br>to his Forefather that he received the name of Durin. He was<br>indeed held by the Dwarves to be the Deathless that returned;<br>for they have many strange tales and beliefs concerning themselves and their fate in the world.<br>After the end of the First Age the power and wealth of Khazaddu\u02c6m was much increased; for it was enriched by many people<br>and much lore and craft when the ancient cities of Nogrod and<br>Belegost in the Blue Mountains were ruined at the breaking of<br>Thangorodrim. The power of Moria endured throughout the<br>Dark Years and the dominion of Sauron, for though Eregion<br>was destroyed and the gates of Moria were shut, the halls of<br>Khazad-du\u02c6m were too deep and strong and filled with a people<br>too numerous and valiant for Sauron to conquer from without.<br>Thus its wealth remained long unravished, though its people<br>began to dwindle.<br>It came to pass that in the middle of the Third Age Durin<br>was again its king, being the sixth of that name. The power of<br>Sauron, servant of Morgoth, was then again growing in the<br>world, though the Shadow in the Forest that looked towards<br>1 The Hobbit, p. 50.<br>appendix a 1407<br>Moria was not yet known for what it was. All evil things were<br>stirring. The Dwarves delved deep at that time, seeking beneath<br>Barazinbar for mithril, the metal beyond price that was becoming<br>yearly ever harder to win.1 Thus they roused from sleep2 a thing<br>of terror that, flying from Thangorodrim, had lain hidden at<br>the foundations of the earth since the coming of the Host of the<br>West: a Balrog of Morgoth. Durin was slain by it, and the year<br>after Na\u00b4in I, his son; and then the glory of Moria passed, and its<br>people were destroyed or fled far away.<br>Most of those that escaped made their way into the North, and<br>Thra\u00b4in I, Na\u00b4in\u2019s son, came to Erebor, the Lonely Mountain,<br>near the eastern eaves of Mirkwood, and there he began new<br>works, and became King under the Mountain. In Erebor he<br>found the great jewel, the Arkenstone, Heart of the Mountain.3<br>But Thorin I his son removed and went into the far North<br>to the Grey Mountains, where most of Durin\u2019s folk were now<br>gathering; for those mountains were rich and little explored. But<br>there were dragons in the wastes beyond; and after many years<br>they became strong again and multiplied, and they made war on<br>the Dwarves, and plundered their works. At last Da\u00b4in I, together<br>with Fro\u00b4r his second son, was slain at the doors of his hall by a<br>great cold-drake.<br>Not long after most of Durin\u2019s Folk abandoned the Grey<br>Mountains. Gro\u00b4r, Da\u00b4in\u2019s son, went away with many followers<br>to the Iron Hills; but Thro\u00b4r, Da\u00b4in\u2019s heir, with Borin his father\u2019s<br>brother and the remainder of the people returned to Erebor. To<br>the Great Hall of Thra\u00b4in, Thro\u00b4r brought back the Arkenstone,<br>and he and his folk prospered and became rich, and they had<br>the friendship of all Men that dwelt near. For they made not<br>only things of wonder and beauty but weapons and armour of<br>great worth; and there was great traffic of ore between them and<br>their kin in the Iron Hills. Thus the Northmen who lived between<br>Celduin (River Running) and Carnen (Redwater) became<br>1 p. 413. 2 Or released from prison; it may well be that it had already been<br>awakened by the malice of Sauron. 3 The Hobbit, pp. 207\u20138.<br>1408 the return of the king<br>strong and drove back all enemies from the East; and the<br>Dwarves lived in plenty, and there was feasting and song in the<br>Halls of Erebor.1<br>So the rumour of the wealth of Erebor spread abroad and<br>reached the ears of the dragons, and at last Smaug the Golden,<br>greatest of the dragons of his day, arose and without warning<br>came against King Thro\u00b4r and descended on the Mountain in<br>flames. It was not long before all that realm was destroyed, and<br>the town of Dale nearby was ruined and deserted; but Smaug<br>entered into the Great Hall and lay there upon a bed of gold.<br>From the sack and the burning many of Thro\u00b4r\u2019s kin escaped;<br>and last of all from the halls by a secret door came Thro\u00b4r himself<br>and his son Thra\u00b4in II. They went away south with their family2<br>into long and homeless wandering. With them went also a small<br>company of their kinsmen and faithful followers.<br>Years afterwards Thro\u00b4r, now old, poor, and desperate, gave to<br>his son Thra\u00b4in the one great treasure he still possessed, the last<br>of the Seven Rings, and then he went away with one old companion only, called Na\u00b4r. Of the Ring he said to Thra\u00b4in at their<br>parting:<br>\u2018This may prove the foundation of new fortune for you yet,<br>though that seems unlikely. But it needs gold to breed gold.\u2019<br>\u2018Surely you do not think of returning to Erebor?\u2019 said Thra\u00b4in.<br>\u2018Not at my age,\u2019 said Thro\u00b4r. \u2018Our vengeance on Smaug I<br>bequeath to you and your sons. But I am tired of poverty and<br>the scorn of Men. I go to see what I can find.\u2019 He did not say<br>where.<br>He was a little crazed perhaps with age and misfortune and<br>long brooding on the splendour of Moria in his forefathers\u2019 days;<br>or the Ring, it may be, was turning to evil now that its master<br>was awake, driving him to folly and destruction. From Dunland,<br>1 The Hobbit, p. 22. 2 Among whom were the children of Thra\u00b4in II: Thorin (Oakenshield),<br>Frerin, and D\u0131\u00b4s. Thorin was then a youngster in the reckoning of the<br>Dwarves. It was afterwards learned that more of the Folk under the<br>Mountain had escaped than was at first hoped; but most of these went<br>to the Iron Hills.<br>appendix a 1409<br>where he was then dwelling, he went north with Na\u00b4r, and they<br>crossed the Redhorn Pass and came down into Azanulbizar.<br>When Thro\u00b4r came to Moria the Gate was open. Na\u00b4r begged<br>him to beware, but he took no heed of him, and walked proudly<br>in as an heir that returns. But he did not come back. Na\u00b4r stayed<br>nearby for many days in hiding. One day he heard a loud shout<br>and the blare of a horn, and a body was flung out on the steps.<br>Fearing that it was Thro\u00b4r, he began to creep near, but there<br>came a voice from within the gate:<br>\u2018Come on, beardling! We can see you. But there is no need to<br>be afraid today. We need you as a messenger.\u2019<br>Then Na\u00b4r came up, and found that it was indeed the body of<br>Thro\u00b4r, but the head was severed and lay face downwards. As he<br>knelt there, he heard orc-laughter in the shadows, and the voice<br>said:<br>\u2018If beggars will not wait at the door, but sneak in to try thieving,<br>that is what we do to them. If any of your people poke their foul<br>beards in here again, they will fare the same. Go and tell them<br>so! But if his family wish to know who is now king here, the<br>name is written on his face. I wrote it! I killed him! I am the<br>master!\u2019<br>Then Na\u00b4r turned the head and saw branded on the brow in<br>dwarf-runes so that he could read it the name azog. That name<br>was branded in his heart and in the hearts of all the Dwarves<br>afterwards. Na\u00b4r stooped to take the head, but the voice of Azog1<br>said:<br>\u2018Drop it! Be off ! Here\u2019s your fee, beggar-beard.\u2019 A small bag<br>struck him. It held a few coins of little worth.<br>Weeping, Na\u00b4r fled down the Silverlode; but he looked back<br>once and saw that Orcs had come from the gate and were hacking<br>up the body and flinging the pieces to the black crows.<br>Such was the tale that Na\u00b4r brought back to Thra\u00b4in; and when<br>he had wept and torn his beard he fell silent. Seven days he sat<br>and said no word. Then he stood up and said: \u2018This cannot be<br>borne!\u2019 That was the beginning of the War of the Dwarves and<br>1 Azog was the father of Bolg; see The Hobbit, p. 24.<br>1410 the return of the king<br>the Orcs, which was long and deadly, and fought for the most<br>part in deep places beneath the earth.<br>Thra\u00b4in at once sent messengers bearing the tale, north, east,<br>and west; but it was three years before the Dwarves had mustered<br>their strength. Durin\u2019s Folk gathered all their host, and they were<br>joined by great forces sent from the Houses of other Fathers; for<br>this dishonour to the heir of the Eldest of their race filled them<br>with wrath. When all was ready they assailed and sacked one by<br>one all the strongholds of the Orcs that they could find from<br>Gundabad to the Gladden. Both sides were pitiless, and there<br>was death and cruel deeds by dark and by light. But the Dwarves<br>had the victory through their strength, and their matchless<br>weapons, and the fire of their anger, as they hunted for Azog in<br>every den under mountain.<br>At last all the Orcs that fled before them were gathered inMoria,<br>and the Dwarf-host in pursuit came to Azanulbizar. That was a<br>great vale that lay between the arms of the mountains about the<br>lake of Kheled-za\u02c6ram and had been of old part of the kingdom<br>of Khazad-du\u02c6m. When the Dwarves saw the gate of their ancient<br>mansions upon the hill-side they sent up a great shout like thunder in the valley. But a great host of foes was arrayed on the<br>slopes above them, and out of the gates poured a multitude of<br>Orcs that had been held back by Azog for the last need.<br>At first fortune was against the Dwarves; for it was a dark day<br>of winter without sun, and the Orcs did not waver, and they<br>outnumbered their enemies, and had the higher ground. So began<br>the Battle of Azanulbizar (or Nanduhirion in the Elvish tongue),<br>at the memory of which the Orcs still shudder and the Dwarves<br>weep. The first assault of the vanguard led by Thra\u00b4in was thrown<br>back with loss, and Thra\u00b4in was driven into a wood of great trees<br>that then still grew not far from Kheled-za\u02c6ram. There Frerin his<br>son fell, and Fundin his kinsman, and many others, and both<br>Thra\u00b4in and Thorin were wounded.1 Elsewhere the battle swayed<br>to and fro with great slaughter, until at last the people of the Iron<br>1 It is said that Thorin\u2019s shield was cloven and he cast it away and he<br>hewed off with his axe a branch of an oak and held it in his left hand to<br>ward off the strokes of his foes, or to wield as a club. In this way he got<br>his name.<br>appendix a 1411<br>Hills turned the day. Coming late and fresh to the field the mailed<br>warriors of Na\u00b4in, Gro\u00b4r\u2019s son, drove through the Orcs to the very<br>threshold of Moria, crying \u2018Azog! Azog!\u2019 as they hewed down with<br>their mattocks all who stood in their way.<br>Then Na\u00b4in stood before the Gate and cried with a great voice:<br>\u2018Azog! If you are in come out! Or is the play in the valley too<br>rough?\u2019<br>Thereupon Azog came forth, and he was a great Orc with a<br>huge iron-clad head, and yet agile and strong. With him came<br>many like him, the fighters of his guard, and as they engaged<br>Na\u00b4in\u2019s company he turned to Na\u00b4in, and said:<br>\u2018What? Yet another beggar at my doors? Must I brand you<br>too?\u2019 With that he rushed at Na\u00b4in and they fought. But Na\u00b4in<br>was half blind with rage, and also very weary with battle, whereas<br>Azog was fresh and fell and full of guile. Soon Na\u00b4in made a<br>great stroke with all his strength that remained, but Azog darted<br>aside and kicked Na\u00b4in\u2019s leg, so that the mattock splintered on<br>the stone where he had stood, but Na\u00b4in stumbled forward. Then<br>Azog with a swift swing hewed his neck. His mail-collar withstood the edge, but so heavy was the blow that Na\u00b4in\u2019s neck was<br>broken and he fell.<br>Then Azog laughed, and he lifted up his head to let forth a<br>great yell of triumph; but the cry died in his throat. For he saw<br>that all his host in the valley was in a rout, and the Dwarves went<br>this way and that slaying as they would, and those that could<br>escape from them were flying south, shrieking as they ran. And<br>hard by all the soldiers of his guard lay dead. He turned and fled<br>back towards the Gate.<br>Up the steps after him leaped a Dwarf with a red axe. It was<br>Da\u00b4in Ironfoot, Na\u00b4in\u2019s son. Right before the doors he caught<br>Azog, and there he slew him, and hewed off his head. That was<br>held a great feat, for Da\u00b4in was then only a stripling in the reckoning of the Dwarves. But long life and many battles lay before<br>him, until old but unbowed he fell at last in the War of the Ring.<br>Yet hardy and full of wrath as he was, it is said that when he<br>came down from the Gate he looked grey in the face, as one<br>who has felt great fear.<br>When at last the battle was won the Dwarves that were left<br>1412 the return of the king<br>gathered in Azanulbizar. They took the head of Azog and thrust<br>into its mouth the purse of small money, and then they set it on<br>a stake. But no feast nor song was there that night; for their dead<br>were beyond the count of grief. Barely half of their number, it is<br>said, could still stand or had hope of healing.<br>None the less in the morning Thra\u00b4in stood before them. He had<br>one eye blinded beyond cure, and he was halt with a leg-wound;<br>but he said: \u2018Good! We have the victory. Khazad-du\u02c6m is ours!\u2019<br>But they answered: \u2018Durin\u2019s Heir you may be, but even with<br>one eye you should see clearer. We fought this war for vengeance, and vengeance we have taken. But it is not sweet. If this<br>is victory, then our hands are too small to hold it.\u2019<br>And those who were not of Durin\u2019s Folk said also: \u2018Khazaddu\u02c6m was not our Fathers\u2019 house. What is it to us, unless a hope<br>of treasure? But now, if we must go without the rewards and the<br>weregilds that are owed to us, the sooner we return to our own<br>lands the better pleased we shall be.\u2019<br>Then Thra\u00b4in turned to Da\u00b4in, and said: \u2018But surely my own<br>kin will not desert me?\u2019 \u2018No,\u2019 said Da\u00b4in. \u2018You are the father of<br>our Folk, and we have bled for you, and will again. But we will<br>not enter Khazad-du\u02c6m. You will not enter Khazad-du\u02c6m. Only I<br>have looked through the shadow of the Gate. Beyond the shadow<br>it waits for you still: Durin\u2019s Bane. The world must change and<br>some other power than ours must come before Durin\u2019s Folk<br>walk again in Moria.\u2019<br>So it was that after Azanulbizar the Dwarves dispersed again.<br>But first with great labour they stripped all their dead, so that<br>Orcs should not come and win there a store of weapons and<br>mail. It is said that every Dwarf that went from that battlefield<br>was bowed under a heavy burden. Then they built many pyres<br>and burned all the bodies of their kin. There was a great felling<br>of trees in the valley, which remained bare ever after, and the<br>reek of the burning was seen in Lo\u00b4rien.1<br>1 Such dealings with their dead seemed grievous to the Dwarves, for<br>it was against their use; but to make such tombs as they were accustomed<br>to build (since they will lay their dead only in stone not in earth) would<br>have taken many years. To fire therefore they turned, rather than leave<br>their kin to beast or bird or carrion-orc. But those who fell in Azanulbizar<br>appendix a 1413<br>When the dreadful fires were in ashes the allies went away to<br>their own countries, and Da\u00b4in Ironfoot led his father\u2019s people<br>back to the Iron Hills. Then standing by the great stake, Thra\u00b4in<br>said to Thorin Oakenshield: \u2018Some would think this head dearly<br>bought! At least we have given our kingdom for it. Will you<br>come with me back to the anvil? Or will you beg your bread at<br>proud doors?\u2019<br>\u2018To the anvil,\u2019 answered Thorin. \u2018The hammer will at least<br>keep the arms strong, until they can wield sharper tools again.\u2019<br>So Thra\u00b4in and Thorin with what remained of their following<br>(among whom were Balin and Glo\u00b4in) returned to Dunland, and<br>soon afterwards they removed and wandered in Eriador, until at<br>last they made a home in exile in the east of the Ered Luin<br>beyond the Lune. Of iron were most of the things that they<br>forged in those days, but they prospered after a fashion, and<br>their numbers slowly increased.1 But, as Thro\u00b4r had said, the<br>Ring needed gold to breed gold, and of that or any other precious<br>metal they had little or none.<br>Of this Ring something may be said here. It was believed by the<br>Dwarves of Durin\u2019s Folk to be the first of the Seven that was<br>forged; and they say that it was given to the King of Khazaddu\u02c6m, Durin III, by the Elven-smiths themselves and not by<br>Sauron, though doubtless his evil power was on it, since he had<br>aided in the forging of all the Seven. But the possessors of the<br>Ring did not display it or speak of it, and they seldom surrendered it until near death, so that others did not know for certain<br>where it was bestowed. Some thought that it had remained in<br>Khazad-du\u02c6m, in the secret tombs of the kings, if they had not<br>been discovered and plundered; but among the kindred of<br>Durin\u2019s Heir it was believed (wrongly) that Thro\u00b4r had worn it<br>when he rashly returned there. What then had become of it they<br>did not know. It was not found on the body of Azog.2<br>were honoured in memory, and to this day a Dwarf will say proudly of<br>one of his sires: \u2018he was a burned Dwarf \u2019, and that is enough. 1 They had very few women-folk. D\u0131\u00b4s Thra\u00b4in\u2019s daughter was there.<br>She was the mother of F\u0131\u00b4li and K\u0131\u00b4li, who were born in the Ered Luin.<br>Thorin had no wife. 2 p. 349.<br>1414 the return of the king<br>None the less it may well be, as the Dwarves now believe,<br>that Sauron by his arts had discovered who had this Ring, the<br>last to remain free, and that the singular misfortunes of the heirs<br>of Durin were largely due to his malice. For the Dwarves had<br>proved untameable by this means. The only power over them<br>that the Rings wielded was to inflame their hearts with a greed<br>of gold and precious things, so that if they lacked them all other<br>good things seemed profitless, and they were filled with wrath<br>and desire for vengeance on all who deprived them. But they<br>were made from their beginning of a kind to resist most steadfastly any domination. Though they could be slain or broken,<br>they could not be reduced to shadows enslaved to another<br>will; and for the same reason their lives were not affected by<br>any Ring, to live either longer or shorter because of it. All the<br>more did Sauron hate the possessors and desire to dispossess<br>them.<br>It was therefore perhaps partly by the malice of the Ring that<br>Thra\u00b4in after some years became restless and discontented. The<br>lust for gold was ever in his mind. At last, when he could endure<br>it no longer, he turned his thoughts to Erebor, and resolved to<br>go back there. He said nothing to Thorin of what was in his<br>heart; but with Balin and Dwalin and a few others, he arose and<br>said farewell and departed.<br>Little is known of what happened to him afterwards. It would<br>now seem that as soon as he was abroad with few companions<br>he was hunted by the emissaries of Sauron. Wolves pursued<br>him, Orcs waylaid him, evil birds shadowed his path, and the<br>more he strove to go north the more misfortunes opposed him.<br>There came a dark night when he and his companions were<br>wandering in the land beyond Anduin, and they were driven by<br>a black rain to take shelter under the eaves of Mirkwood. In the<br>morning he was gone from the camp, and his companions called<br>him in vain. They searched for him many days, until at last<br>giving up hope they departed and came at length back to Thorin.<br>Only long after was it learned that Thra\u00b4in had been taken alive<br>and brought to the pits of Dol Guldur. There he was tormented<br>and the Ring taken from him, and there at last he died.<br>So Thorin Oakenshield became the Heir of Durin, but an heir<br>appendix a 1415<br>without hope. When Thra\u00b4in was lost he was ninety-five, a great<br>dwarf of proud bearing; but he seemed content to remain in<br>Eriador. There he laboured long, and trafficked, and gained such<br>wealth as he could; and his people were increased by many of<br>the wandering Folk of Durin who heard of his dwelling in the<br>west and came to him. Now they had fair halls in the mountains,<br>and store of goods, and their days did not seem so hard, though<br>in their songs they spoke ever of the Lonely Mountain far<br>away.<br>The years lengthened. The embers in the heart of Thorin<br>grew hot again, as he brooded on the wrongs of his House and<br>the vengeance upon the Dragon that he had inherited. He<br>thought of weapons and armies and alliances, as his great hammer rang in his forge; but the armies were dispersed and the<br>alliances broken and the axes of his people were few; and a great<br>anger without hope burned him as he smote the red iron on the<br>anvil.<br>But at last there came about by chance a meeting between Gandalf and Thorin that changed all the fortunes of the House of<br>Durin, and led to other and greater ends beside. On a time1<br>Thorin, returning west from a journey, stayed at Bree for the<br>night. There Gandalf was also. He was on his way to the Shire,<br>which he had not visited for some twenty years. He was weary,<br>and thought to rest there for a while.<br>Among many cares he was troubled in mind by the perilous<br>state of the North; because he knew then already that Sauron<br>was plotting war, and intended, as soon as he felt strong enough,<br>to attack Rivendell. But to resist any attempt from the East<br>to regain the lands of Angmar and the northern passes in the<br>mountains there were now only the Dwarves of the Iron Hills.<br>And beyond them lay the desolation of the Dragon. The Dragon<br>Sauron might use with terrible effect. How then could the end<br>of Smaug be achieved?<br>It was even as Gandalf sat and pondered this that Thorin<br>stood before him, and said: \u2018Master Gandalf, I know you only<br>by sight, but now I should be glad to speak with you. For you<br>1 March 15, 2941.<br>1416 the return of the king<br>have often come into my thoughts of late, as if I were bidden to<br>seek you. Indeed I should have done so, if I had known where<br>to find you.\u2019<br>Gandalf looked at him with wonder. \u2018That is strange, Thorin<br>Oakenshield,\u2019 he said. \u2018For I have thought of you also; and<br>though I am on my way to the Shire, it was in my mind that is<br>the way also to your halls.\u2019<br>\u2018Call them so, if you will,\u2019 said Thorin. \u2018They are only poor<br>lodgings in exile. But you would be welcome there, if you would<br>come. For they say that you are wise and know more than any<br>other of what goes on in the world; and I have much on my<br>mind and would be glad of your counsel.\u2019<br>\u2018I will come,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018for I guess that we share one<br>trouble at least. The Dragon of Erebor is on my mind, and I do<br>not think that he will be forgotten by the grandson of Thro\u00b4r.\u2019<br>The story is told elsewhere of what came of that meeting: of the<br>strange plan that Gandalf made for the help of Thorin, and how<br>Thorin and his companions set out from the Shire on the quest<br>of the Lonely Mountain that came to great ends unforeseen.<br>Here only those things are recalled that directly concern Durin\u2019s<br>Folk.<br>The Dragon was slain by Bard of Esgaroth, but there was<br>battle in Dale. For the Orcs came down upon Erebor as soon as<br>they heard of the return of the Dwarves; and they were led by<br>Bolg, son of that Azog whom Da\u00b4in slew in his youth. In that first<br>Battle of Dale, Thorin Oakenshield was mortally wounded; and<br>he died and was laid in a tomb under the Mountain with the<br>Arkenstone upon his breast. There fell also F\u0131\u00b4li and K\u0131\u00b4li, his<br>sister-sons. But Da\u00b4in Ironfoot, his cousin, who came from the<br>Iron Hills to his aid and was also his rightful heir, became then<br>King Da\u00b4in II, and the Kingdom under the Mountain was<br>restored, even as Gandalf had desired. Da\u00b4in proved a great and<br>wise king, and the Dwarves prospered and grew strong again in<br>his day.<br>In the late summer of that same year (2941) Gandalf had at<br>last prevailed upon Saruman and the White Council to attack<br>Dol Guldur, and Sauron retreated and went to Mordor, there<br>to be secure, as he thought, from all his enemies. So it was<br>appendix a 1417<br>that when the War came at last the main assault was turned<br>southwards; yet even so with his far-stretched right hand Sauron<br>might have done great evil in the North, if King Da\u00b4in and King<br>Brand had not stood in his path. Even as Gandalf said afterwards<br>to Frodo and Gimli, when they dwelt together for a time in<br>Minas Tirith. Not long before news had come to Gondor of<br>events far away.<br>\u2018I grieved at the fall of Thorin,\u2019 said Gandalf; \u2018and now we<br>hear that Da\u00b4in has fallen, fighting in Dale again, even while we<br>fought here. I should call that a heavy loss, if it was not a wonder<br>rather that in his great age he could still wield his axe as mightily<br>as they say that he did, standing over the body of King Brand<br>before the Gate of Erebor until the darkness fell.<br>\u2018Yet things might have gone far otherwise and far worse. When<br>you think of the great Battle of the Pelennor, do not forget the<br>battles in Dale and the valour of Durin\u2019s Folk. Think of what<br>might have been. Dragon-fire and savage swords in Eriador,<br>night in Rivendell. There might be no Queen in Gondor. We<br>might now hope to return from the victory here only to ruin<br>and ash. But that has been averted \u2013 because I met Thorin<br>Oakenshield one evening on the edge of spring in Bree. A<br>chance-meeting, as we say in Middle-earth.\u2019<br>D\u0131\u00b4s was the daughter of Thra\u00b4in II. She is the only dwarf-woman<br>named in these histories. It was said by Gimli that there are few<br>dwarf-women, probably no more than a third of the whole<br>people. They seldom walk abroad except at great need. They<br>are in voice and appearance, and in garb if they must go on a<br>journey, so like to the dwarf-men that the eyes and ears of other<br>peoples cannot tell them apart. This has given rise to the foolish<br>opinion among Men that there are no dwarf-women, and that<br>the Dwarves \u2018grow out of stone\u2019.<br>It is because of the fewness of women among them that the<br>kind of the Dwarves increases slowly, and is in peril when they<br>have no secure dwellings. For Dwarves take only one wife or<br>husband each in their lives, and are jealous, as in all matters of<br>their rights. The number of dwarf-men that marry is actually<br>less than one-third. For not all the women take husbands: some<br>desire none; some desire one that they cannot get, and so will<br>1418 the return of the king<br>appendix a 1419<br>have no other. As for the men, very many also do not desire<br>marriage, being engrossed in their crafts.<br>Gimli Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son is renowned, for he was one of the Nine<br>Walkers that set out with the Ring; and he remained in the<br>company of King Elessar throughout the War. He was named<br>Elf-friend because of the great love that grew between him and<br>Legolas, son of King Thranduil, and because of his reverence<br>for the Lady Galadriel.<br>After the fall of Sauron, Gimli brought south a part of the<br>Dwarf-folk of Erebor, and he became Lord of the Glittering<br>Caves. He and his people did great works in Gondor and Rohan.<br>For Minas Tirith they forged gates of mithril and steel to replace<br>those broken by the Witch-king. Legolas his friend also brought<br>south Elves out of Greenwood, and they dwelt in Ithilien, and it<br>became once again the fairest country in all the westlands.<br>But when King Elessar gave up his life Legolas followed at last<br>the desire of his heart and sailed over Sea.<br>Here follows one of the last notes in the Red Book<br>We have heard tell that Legolas took Gimli Glo\u00b4in\u2019s son with him<br>because of their great friendship, greater than any that has been<br>between Elf and Dwarf. If this is true, then it is strange indeed:<br>that a Dwarf should be willing to leave Middle-earth for any<br>love, or that the Eldar should receive him, or that the Lords of<br>the West should permit it. But it is said that Gimli went also out<br>of desire to see again the beauty of Galadriel; and it may be that<br>she, being mighty among the Eldar, obtained this grace for him.<br>More cannot be said of this matter.<br>APPENDIX B<br>THE TALE OF YEARS<br>(chronology of the westlands)<br>The First Age ended with the Great Battle, in which the Host of<br>Valinor broke Thangorodrim1 and overthrew Morgoth. Then<br>most of the Noldor returned into the Far West2 and dwelt in<br>Eresse\u00a8a within sight of Valinor; and many of the Sindar went<br>over Sea also.<br>The Second Age ended with the first overthrow of Sauron,<br>servant of Morgoth, and the taking of the One Ring.<br>The Third Age came to its end in the War of the Ring; but the<br>Fourth Age was not held to have begun until Master Elrond<br>departed, and the time was come for the dominion of Men and<br>the decline of all other \u2018speaking-peoples\u2019 in Middle-earth.3<br>In the Fourth Age the earlier ages were often called the Elder<br>Days; but that name was properly given only to the days before<br>the casting out of Morgoth. The histories of that time are not<br>recorded here.<br>The Second Age<br>These were the dark years for Men of Middle-earth, but the<br>years of the glory of Nu\u00b4menor. Of events in Middle-earth the<br>records are few and brief, and their dates are often uncertain.<br>In the beginning of this age many of the High Elves still<br>remained. Most of these dwelt in Lindon west of the Ered Luin;<br>but before the building of the Barad-du\u02c6r many of the Sindar<br>passed eastward, and some established realms in the forests far<br>away, where their people were mostly Silvan Elves. Thranduil,<br>king in the north of Greenwood the Great, was one of these. In<br>1 p. 316. 2 p. 779, The Hobbit, p. 151. 3 p. 1272.<br>appendix b 1421<br>Lindon north of the Lune dwelt Gil-galad, last heir of the kings<br>of the Noldor in exile. He was acknowledged as High King of<br>the Elves of the West. In Lindon south of the Lune dwelt for a<br>time Celeborn, kinsman of Thingol; his wife was Galadriel,<br>greatest of Elven women. She was sister of Finrod Felagund,<br>Friend-of-Men, once king of Nargothrond, who gave his life to<br>save Beren son of Barahir.<br>Later some of the Noldor went to Eregion, upon the west of<br>the Misty Mountains, and near to the West-gate of Moria. This<br>they did because they learned that mithril had been discovered<br>in Moria.1 The Noldor were great craftsmen and less unfriendly<br>to the Dwarves than the Sindar; but the friendship that grew up<br>between the people of Durin and the Elven-smiths of Eregion<br>was the closest that there has ever been between the two races.<br>Celebrimbor was Lord of Eregion and the greatest of their craftsmen; he was descended from Fe\u00a8anor.<br>Year<br>1 Foundation of the Grey Havens, and of Lindon.<br>32 The Edain reach Nu\u00b4menor.<br>c. 40 Many Dwarves leaving their old cities in Ered Luin go<br>to Moria and swell its numbers.<br>442 Death of Elros Tar-Minyatur.<br>c. 500 Sauron begins to stir again in Middle-earth.<br>521 Birth in Nu\u00b4menor of Silmarie\u00a8n.<br>600 The first ships of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans appear off the<br>coasts.<br>750 Eregion founded by the Noldor.<br>c. 1000 Sauron, alarmed by the growing power of the<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, chooses Mordor as a land to make into a<br>stronghold. He begins the building of Barad-du\u02c6r.<br>1075 Tar-Ancalime\u00a8 becomes the first Ruling Queen of<br>Nu\u00b4menor.<br>1200 Sauron endeavours to seduce the Eldar. Gil-galad<br>refuses to treat with him; but the smiths of Eregion are<br>won over. The Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans begin to make permanent havens.<br>1 p. 413.<br>1422 the return of the king<br>c. 1500 The Elven-smiths instructed by Sauron reach the<br>height of their skill. They begin the forging of the Rings<br>of Power.<br>c. 1590 The Three Rings are completed in Eregion.<br>c. 1600 Sauron forges the One Ring in Orodruin. He completes the Barad-du\u02c6r. Celebrimbor perceives the<br>designs of Sauron.<br>1693 War of the Elves and Sauron begins. The Three Rings<br>are hidden.<br>1695 Sauron\u2019s forces invade Eriador. Gil-galad sends Elrond<br>to Eregion.<br>1697 Eregion laid waste. Death of Celebrimbor. The gates<br>of Moria are shut. Elrond retreats with remnant of the<br>Noldor and founds the refuge of Imladris.<br>1699 Sauron overruns Eriador.<br>1700 Tar-Minastir sends a great navy from Nu\u00b4menor to<br>Lindon. Sauron is defeated.<br>1701 Sauron is driven out of Eriador. The Westlands have<br>peace for a long while.<br>c. 1800 From about this time onward the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans begin<br>to establish dominions on the coasts. Sauron extends his<br>power eastwards. The shadow falls on Nu\u00b4menor.<br>2251 Death of Tar-Atanamir. Tar-Ancalimon takes the<br>sceptre. Rebellion and division of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>begins. About this time the Nazgu\u02c6l or Ringwraiths,<br>slaves of the Nine Rings, first appear.<br>2280 Umbar is made into a great fortress of Nu\u00b4menor.<br>2350 Pelargir is built. It becomes the chief haven of the<br>Faithful Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans.<br>2899 Ar-Adu\u02c6nakho\u02c6r takes the sceptre.<br>3175 Repentance of Tar-Palantir. Civil war in Nu\u00b4menor.<br>3255 Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n the Golden seizes the sceptre.<br>3261 Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n sets sail and lands at Umbar.<br>3262 Sauron is taken as prisoner to Nu\u00b4menor; 3262\u20133310<br>Sauron seduces theKing and corrupts theNu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans.<br>3310 Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n begins the building of the Great<br>Armament.<br>3319 Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n assails Valinor. Downfall of Nu\u00b4menor.<br>Elendil and his sons escape.<br>appendix b 1423<br>3320 Foundations of the Realms in Exile: Arnor and<br>Gondor. The Stones are divided (p. 780). Sauron<br>returns to Mordor.<br>3429 Sauron attacks Gondor, takes Minas Ithil and burns<br>the White Tree. Isildur escapes down Anduin and goes<br>to Elendil in the North. Ana\u00b4rion defends Minas Anor<br>and Osgiliath.<br>3430 The Last Alliance of Elves and Men is formed.<br>3431 Gil-galad and Elendil march east to Imladris.<br>3434 The host of the Alliance crosses the Misty Mountains.<br>Battle of Dagorlad and defeat of Sauron. Siege of<br>Barad-du\u02c6r begins.<br>3440 Ana\u00b4rion slain.<br>3441 Sauron overthrown by Elendil and Gil-galad, who perish. Isildur takes the One Ring. Sauron passes away<br>and the Ringwraiths go into the shadows. The Second<br>Age ends.<br>The Third Age<br>These were the fading years of the Eldar. For long they were at<br>peace, wielding the Three Rings while Sauron slept and the One<br>Ring was lost; but they attempted nothing new, living in memory<br>of the past. The Dwarves hid themselves in deep places,<br>guarding their hoards; but when evil began to stir again and<br>dragons reappeared, one by one their ancient treasures were<br>plundered, and they became a wandering people. Moria for long<br>remained secure, but its numbers dwindled until many of its vast<br>mansions became dark and empty. The wisdom and the life-span<br>of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans also waned as they became mingled with<br>lesser Men.<br>When maybe a thousand years had passed, and the first<br>shadow had fallen on Greenwood the Great, the Istari or Wizards<br>appeared in Middle-earth. It was afterwards said that they came<br>out of the Far West and were messengers sent to contest the<br>power of Sauron, and to unite all those who had the will to resist<br>him; but they were forbidden to match his power with power,<br>or to seek to dominate Elves or Men by force and fear.<br>They came therefore in the shape of Men, though they were<br>1424 the return of the king<br>never young and aged only slowly, and they had many powers<br>of mind and hand. They revealed their true names to few,1 but<br>used such names as were given to them. The two highest of this<br>order (of whom it is said there were five) were called by the<br>Eldar Curun\u0131\u00b4r, \u2018the Man of Skill\u2019, and Mithrandir, \u2018the Grey<br>Pilgrim\u2019, but by Men in the North Saruman and Gandalf. Curun\u0131\u00b4r journeyed often into the East, but dwelt at last in Isengard.<br>Mithrandir was closest in friendship with the Eldar, and wandered mostly in the West, and never made for himself any lasting<br>abode.<br>Throughout the Third Age the guardianship of the Three<br>Rings was known only to those who possessed them. But at the<br>end it became known that they had been held at first by the three<br>greatest of the Eldar: Gil-galad, Galadriel and C\u0131\u00b4rdan. Gil-galad<br>before he died gave his ring to Elrond; C\u0131\u00b4rdan later surrendered<br>his to Mithrandir. For C\u0131\u00b4rdan saw further and deeper than any<br>other in Middle-earth, and he welcomed Mithrandir at the Grey<br>Havens, knowing whence he came and whither he would return.<br>\u2018Take this ring, Master,\u2019 he said, \u2018for your labours will be<br>heavy; but it will support you in the weariness that you have<br>taken upon yourself. For this is the Ring of Fire, and with it you<br>may rekindle hearts in a world that grows chill. But as for me,<br>my heart is with the Sea, and I will dwell by the grey shores until<br>the last ship sails. I will await you.\u2019<br>Year<br>2 Isildur plants a seedling of the White Tree in Minas<br>Anor. He delivers the South-kingdom to Meneldil.<br>Disaster of the Gladden Fields; Isildur and his three<br>elder sons are slain.<br>3 Ohtar brings the shards of Narsil to Imladris.<br>10 Valandil becomes King of Arnor.<br>109 Elrond weds Celebr\u0131\u00b4an, daughter of Celeborn.<br>130 Birth of Elladan and Elrohir, sons of Elrond.<br>241 Birth of Arwen Undo\u00b4miel.<br>420 King Ostoher rebuilds Minas Anor.<br>490 First invasion of Easterlings.<br>1 p. 876.<br>appendix b 1425<br>500 Ro\u00b4mendacil I defeats the Easterlings.<br>541 Ro\u00b4mendacil slain in battle.<br>830 Falastur begins the line of the Ship-kings of Gondor.<br>861 Death of Ea\u00a8rendur, and division of Arnor.<br>933 King Ea\u00a8rnil I takes Umbar, which becomes a fortress<br>of Gondor.<br>936 Ea\u00a8rnil lost at sea.<br>1015 King Ciryandil slain in the siege of Umbar.<br>1050 Hyarmendacil conquers the Harad. Gondor reaches<br>the height of its power. About this time a shadow falls<br>on Greenwood, and men begin to call it Mirkwood.<br>The Periannath are first mentioned in records, with<br>the coming of the Harfoots to Eriador.<br>c. 1100 The Wise (the Istari and the chief Eldar) discover that<br>an evil power has made a stronghold at Dol Guldur. It<br>is thought to be one of the Nazgu\u02c6l.<br>1149 Reign of Atanatar Alcarin begins.<br>c. 1150 The Fallohides enter Eriador. The Stoors come over<br>the Redhorn Pass and move to the Angle, or to<br>Dunland.<br>c. 1300 Evil things begin to multiply again. Orcs increase in<br>the Misty Mountains and attack the Dwarves. The<br>Nazgu\u02c6l reappear. The chief of these comes north to<br>Angmar. The Periannath migrate westward; many<br>settle at Bree.<br>1356 King Argeleb I slain in battle with Rhudaur. About<br>this time the Stoors leave the Angle, and some return<br>to Wilderland.<br>1409 The Witch-king of Angmar invades Arnor. King<br>Arveleg I slain. Fornost and Tyrn Gorthad are<br>defended. The Tower of Amon Su\u02c6l destroyed.<br>1432 King Valacar of Gondor dies, and the civil war of the<br>Kin-strife begins.<br>1437 Burning of Osgiliath and loss of the palant\u0131\u00b4r. Eldacar<br>flees to Rhovanion; his son Ornendil is murdered.<br>1447 Eldacar returns and drives out the usurper Castamir.<br>Battle of the Crossings of Erui. Siege of Pelargir.<br>1448 Rebels escape and seize Umbar.<br>1426 the return of the king<br>1540 King Aldamir slain in war with the Harad and Corsairs of Umbar.<br>1551 Hyarmendacil II defeats the Men of Harad.<br>1601 Many Periannath migrate from Bree, and are granted<br>land beyond Baranduin by Argeleb II.<br>c. 1630 They are joined by Stoors coming up from Dunland.<br>1634 The Corsairs ravage Pelargir and slay King Minardil.<br>1636 The Great Plague devastates Gondor. Death of King<br>Telemnar and his children. The White Tree dies in<br>Minas Anor. The plague spreads north and west, and<br>many parts of Eriador become desolate. Beyond the<br>Baranduin the Periannath survive, but suffer great<br>loss.<br>1640 King Tarondor removes the King\u2019s House to Minas<br>Anor, and plants a seedling of the White Tree. Osgiliath begins to fall into ruin. Mordor is left unguarded.<br>1810 King Telumehtar Umbardacil retakes Umbar and<br>drives out the Corsairs.<br>1851 The attacks of the Wainriders upon Gondor begin.<br>1856 Gondor loses its eastern territories, and Narmacil II<br>falls in battle.<br>1899 King Calimehtar defeats the Wainriders on Dagorlad.<br>1900 Calimehtar builds the White Tower in Minas Anor.<br>1940 Gondor and Arnor renew communications and form<br>an alliance. Arvedui weds F\u0131\u00b4riel daughter of Ondoher<br>of Gondor.<br>1944 Ondoher falls in battle. Ea\u00a8rnil defeats the enemy in<br>South Ithilien. He then wins the Battle of the Camp,<br>and drives Wainriders into the Dead Marshes.<br>Arvedui claims the crown of Gondor.<br>1945 Ea\u00a8rnil II receives the crown.<br>1974 End of the North-kingdom. The Witch-king overruns<br>Arthedain and takes Fornost.<br>1975 Arvedui drowned in the Bay of Forochel. The palant\u0131\u00b4ri of Annu\u00b4minas and Amon Su\u02c6l are lost. Ea\u00a8rnur<br>brings a fleet to Lindon. The Witch-king defeated at<br>the Battle of Fornost, and pursued to the Ettenmoors.<br>He vanishes from the North.<br>1976 Aranarth takes the title of Chieftain of the Du\u00b4nedain.<br>appendix b 1427<br>The heirlooms of Arnor are given into the keeping of<br>Elrond.<br>1977 Frumgar leads the E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od into the North.<br>1979 Bucca of the Marish becomes first Thain of the Shire.<br>1980 The Witch-king comes to Mordor and there gathers<br>the Nazgu\u02c6l. A Balrog appears in Moria, and slays<br>Durin VI.<br>1981 Na\u00b4in I slain. The Dwarves flee from Moria. Many of<br>the Silvan Elves of Lo\u00b4rien flee south. Amroth and<br>Nimrodel are lost.<br>1999 Thra\u00b4in I comes to Erebor and founds a dwarfkingdom \u2018under the Mountain\u2019.<br>2000 The Nazgu\u02c6l issue from Mordor and besiege Minas<br>Ithil.<br>2002 Fall of Minas Ithil, afterwards known as Minas Morgul. The palant\u0131\u00b4r is captured.<br>2043 Ea\u00a8rnur becomes King of Gondor. He is challenged<br>by the Witch-king.<br>2050 The challenge is renewed. Ea\u00a8rnur rides to Minas Morgul and is lost.Mardil becomes the first Ruling Steward.<br>2060 The power of Dol Guldur grows. The Wise fear that<br>it may be Sauron taking shape again.<br>2063 Gandalf goes to Dol Guldur. Sauron retreats and<br>hides in the East. The Watchful Peace begins. The<br>Nazgu\u02c6l remain quiet in Minas Morgul.<br>2210 Thorin I leaves Erebor, and goes north to the Grey<br>Mountains, where most of the remnants of Durin\u2019s<br>Folk are now gathering.<br>2340 Isumbras I becomes thirteenth Thain, and first of the<br>Took line. The Oldbucks occupy the Buckland.<br>2460 The Watchful Peace ends. Sauron returns with<br>increased strength to Dol Guldur.<br>2463 The White Council is formed. About this time De\u00b4agol<br>the Stoor finds the One Ring, and is murdered by<br>Sme\u00b4agol.<br>2470 About this time Sme\u00b4agol-Gollum hides in the Misty<br>Mountains.<br>2475 Attack on Gondor renewed. Osgiliath finally ruined,<br>and its stone-bridge broken.<br>1428 the return of the king<br>c. 2480 Orcs begin to make secret strongholds in the Misty<br>Mountains so as to bar all the passes into Eriador.<br>Sauron begins to people Moria with his creatures.<br>2509 Celebr\u0131\u00b4an, journeying to Lo\u00b4rien, is waylaid in the<br>Redhorn Pass, and receives a poisoned wound.<br>2510 Celebr\u0131\u00b4an departs over Sea. Orcs and Easterlings<br>overrun Calenardhon. Eorl the Young wins the victory of the Field of Celebrant. The Rohirrim settle in<br>Calenardhon.<br>2545 Eorl falls in battle in the Wold.<br>2569 Brego son of Eorl completes the Golden Hall.<br>2570 Baldor son of Brego enters the Forbidden Door and<br>is lost. About this time Dragons reappear in the far<br>North and begin to afflict the Dwarves.<br>2589 Da\u00b4in I slain by a Dragon.<br>2590 Thro\u00b4r returns to Erebor. Gro\u00b4r his brother goes to the<br>Iron Hills.<br>c. 2670 Tobold plants \u2018pipe-weed\u2019 in the Southfarthing.<br>2683 Isengrim II becomes tenth Thain and begins the excavation of Great Smials.<br>2698 Ecthelion I rebuilds the White Tower in Minas Tirith.<br>2740 Orcs renew their invasions of Eriador.<br>2747 Bandobras Took defeats an Orc-band in the Northfarthing.<br>2758 Rohan attacked from west and east and overrun.<br>Gondor attacked by fleets of the Corsairs. Helm of<br>Rohan takes refuge in Helm\u2019s Deep. Wulf seizes<br>Edoras. 2758\u20139: The Long Winter follows. Great suffering and loss of life in Eriador and Rohan. Gandalf<br>comes to the aid of the Shire-folk.<br>2759 Death of Helm. Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f drives out Wulf, and begins<br>second line of Kings of the Mark. Saruman takes up<br>his abode in Isengard.<br>2770 Smaug the Dragon descends on Erebor. Dale destroyed. Thro\u00b4r escapes with Thra\u00b4in II and Thorin II.<br>2790 Thro\u00b4r slain by an Orc in Moria. The Dwarves gather<br>for a war of vengeance. Birth of Gerontius, later<br>known as the Old Took.<br>2793 The War of the Dwarves and Orcs begins.<br>appendix b 1429<br>2799 Battle of Nanduhirion before the East-gate of Moria.<br>Da\u00b4in Ironfoot returns to the Iron Hills. Thra\u00b4in II and<br>his son Thorin wander westwards. They settle in the<br>South of Ered Luin beyond the Shire (2802).<br>2800\u201364 Orcs from the North trouble Rohan. King Walda<br>slain by them (2861).<br>2841 Thra\u00b4in II sets out to revisit Erebor, but is pursued by<br>the servants of Sauron.<br>2845 Thra\u00b4in the Dwarf is imprisoned in Dol Guldur; the<br>last of the Seven Rings is taken from him.<br>2850 Gandalf again enters Dol Guldur, and discovers that<br>its master is indeed Sauron, who is gathering all the<br>Rings and seeking for news of the One, and of Isildur\u2019s Heir. He finds Thra\u00b4in and receives the key of<br>Erebor. Thra\u00b4in dies in Dol Guldur.<br>2851 The White Council meets. Gandalf urges an attack<br>on Dol Guldur. Saruman overrules him.1 Saruman<br>begins to search near the Gladden Fields.<br>2872 Belecthor II of Gondor dies. The White Tree dies,<br>and no seedling can be found. The Dead Tree is left<br>standing.<br>2885 Stirred up by emissaries of Sauron the Haradrim<br>cross the Poros and attack Gondor. The sons of<br>Folcwine of Rohan are slain in the service of Gondor.<br>2890 Bilbo born in the Shire.<br>2901 Most of the remaining inhabitants of Ithilien desert it<br>owing to the attacks of Uruks of Mordor. The secret<br>refuge of Henneth Annu\u02c6n is built.<br>2907 Birth of Gilraen mother of Aragorn II.<br>2911 The Fell Winter. The Baranduin and other rivers<br>are frozen. White Wolves invade Eriador from the<br>North.<br>2912 Great floods devastate Enedwaith and Minhiriath.<br>Tharbad is ruined and deserted.<br>2920 Death of the Old Took.<br>1 It afterwards became clear that Saruman had then begun to desire<br>to possess the One Ring himself, and he hoped that it might reveal itself,<br>seeking its master, if Sauron were let be for a time.<br>1430 the return of the king<br>2929 Arathorn son of Arador of the Du\u00b4nedain weds<br>Gilraen.<br>2930 Arador slain by Trolls. Birth of Denethor II son of<br>Ecthelion II in Minas Tirith.<br>2931 Aragorn son of Arathorn II born on March 1st.<br>2933 Arathorn II slain. Gilraen takes Aragorn to Imladris.<br>Elrond receives him as foster-son and gives him the<br>name Estel (Hope); his ancestry is concealed.<br>2939 Saruman discovers that Sauron\u2019s servants are searching the Anduin near Gladden Fields, and that Sauron<br>therefore has learned of Isildur\u2019s end. He is alarmed,<br>but says nothing to the Council.<br>2941 Thorin Oakenshield and Gandalf visit Bilbo in the<br>Shire. Bilbo meets Sme\u00b4agol-Gollum and finds the<br>Ring. The White Council meets; Saruman agrees to<br>an attack on Dol Guldur, since he now wishes to prevent Sauron from searching the River. Sauron having<br>made his plans abandons Dol Guldur. The Battle of<br>the Five Armies in Dale. Death of Thorin II. Bard of<br>Esgaroth slays Smaug. Da\u00b4in of the Iron Hills becomes<br>King under the Mountain (Da\u00b4in II).<br>2942 Bilbo returns to the Shire with the Ring. Sauron<br>returns in secret to Mordor.<br>2944 Bard rebuilds Dale and becomes King. Gollum leaves<br>the Mountains and begins his search for the \u2018thief \u2019 of<br>the Ring.<br>2948 The\u00b4oden son of Thengel, King of Rohan, born.<br>2949 Gandalf and Balin visit Bilbo in the Shire.<br>2950 Finduilas, daughter of Adrahil of Dol Amroth, born.<br>2951 Sauron declares himself openly and gathers power<br>in Mordor. He begins the rebuilding of Barad-du\u02c6r.<br>Gollum turns towards Mordor. Sauron sends three<br>of the Nazgu\u02c6l to reoccupy Dol Guldur.<br>Elrond reveals to \u2018Estel\u2019 his true name and ancestry,<br>and delivers to him the shards of Narsil. Arwen, newly<br>returned from Lo\u00b4rien, meets Aragorn in the woods<br>of Imladris. Aragorn goes out into the Wild.<br>2953 Last meeting of the White Council. They debate the<br>Rings. Saruman feigns that he has discovered that<br>appendix b 1431<br>the One Ring has passed down Anduin to the Sea.<br>Saruman withdraws to Isengard, which he takes as<br>his own, and fortifies it. Being jealous and afraid of<br>Gandalf he sets spies to watch all his movements; and<br>notes his interest in the Shire. He soon begins to keep<br>agents in Bree and the Southfarthing.<br>2954 Mount Doom bursts into flame again. The last<br>inhabitants of Ithilien flee over Anduin.<br>2956 Aragorn meets Gandalf and their friendship begins.<br>2957\u201380 Aragorn undertakes his great journeys and errantries.<br>As Thorongil he serves in disguise both Thengel of<br>Rohan and Ecthelion II of Gondor.<br>2968 Birth of Frodo.<br>2976 Denethor weds Finduilas of Dol Amroth.<br>2977 Bain son of Bard becomes King of Dale.<br>2978 Birth of Boromir son of Denethor II.<br>2980 Aragorn enters Lo\u00b4rien, and there meets again Arwen<br>Undo\u00b4miel. Aragorn gives her the ring of Barahir, and<br>they plight their troth upon the hill of Cerin Amroth.<br>About this time Gollum reaches the confines of<br>Mordor and becomes acquainted with Shelob.<br>The\u00b4oden becomes King of Rohan. Birth of Samwise.<br>2983 Faramir son of Denethor born.<br>2984 Death of Ecthelion II. Denethor II becomes Steward<br>of Gondor.<br>2988 Finduilas dies young.<br>2989 Balin leaves Erebor and enters Moria.<br>2991 E\u00b4 omer E\u00b4 omund\u2019s son born in Rohan.<br>2994 Balin perishes, and the dwarf-colony is destroyed.<br>2995 E\u00b4 owyn sister of E\u00b4 omer born.<br>c. 3000 The shadow of Mordor lengthens. Saruman dares to<br>use the palant\u0131\u00b4r of Orthanc, but becomes ensnared by<br>Sauron, who has the Ithil-stone. He becomes a traitor<br>to the Council. His spies report that the Shire is being<br>closely guarded by the Rangers.<br>3001 Bilbo\u2019s farewell feast. Gandalf suspects his ring to be<br>the One Ring. The guard on the Shire is doubled.<br>Gandalf seeks for news of Gollum and calls on the<br>help of Aragorn.<br>1432 the return of the king<br>3002 Bilbo becomes a guest of Elrond, and settles in Rivendell.<br>3004 Gandalf visits Frodo in the Shire, and does so at<br>intervals during the next four years.<br>3007 Brand son of Bain becomes King in Dale. Death of<br>Gilraen.<br>3008 In the autumn Gandalf pays his last visit to Frodo.<br>3009 Gandalf and Aragorn renew their hunt for Gollum at<br>intervals during the next eight years, searching in the<br>vales of Anduin, Mirkwood, and Rhovanion to the<br>confines of Mordor. At some time during these years<br>Gollum himself ventured into Mordor, and was captured by Sauron. Elrond sends for Arwen, and she<br>returns to Imladris; the Mountains and all lands eastward are becoming dangerous.<br>3017 Gollum is released from Mordor. He is taken by Aragorn in the Dead Marshes, and brought to Thranduil<br>in Mirkwood. Gandalf visits Minas Tirith and reads<br>the scroll of Isildur.<br>the great years<br>3018<br>April<br>12 Gandalf reaches Hobbiton.<br>June<br>20 Sauron attacks Osgiliath. About the same time Thranduil<br>is attacked, and Gollum escapes.<br>Mid-year\u2019s Day Gandalf meets Radagast.<br>July<br>4 Boromir sets out from Minas Tirith.<br>10 Gandalf imprisoned in Orthanc.<br>appendix b 1433<br>August<br>All trace of Gollum is lost. It is thought that at about<br>this time, being hunted both by the Elves and Sauron\u2019s<br>servants, he took refuge in Moria; but when he had at<br>last discovered the way to the West-gate he could not<br>get out.<br>September<br>18 Gandalf escapes from Orthanc in the early hours. The<br>Black Riders cross the Fords of Isen.<br>19 Gandalf comes to Edoras as a beggar, and is refused<br>admittance.<br>20 Gandalf gains entrance to Edoras. The\u00b4oden commands<br>him to go: \u2018Take any horse, only be gone ere tomorrow<br>is old!\u2019<br>21 Gandalf meets Shadowfax, but the horse will not allow<br>him to come near. He follows Shadowfax far over the<br>fields.<br>22 The Black Riders reach Sarn Ford at evening; they drive<br>off the guard of Rangers. Gandalf overtakes Shadowfax.<br>23 Four Riders enter the Shire before dawn. The others<br>pursue the Rangers eastward, and then return to watch<br>the Greenway. A Black Rider comes to Hobbiton at<br>nightfall. Frodo leaves Bag End. Gandalf having tamed<br>Shadowfax rides from Rohan.<br>24 Gandalf crosses the Isen.<br>26 The Old Forest. Frodo comes to Bombadil.<br>27 Gandalf crosses Greyflood. Second night with<br>Bombadil.<br>28 The Hobbits captured by a Barrow-wight. Gandalf<br>reaches Sarn Ford.<br>29 Frodo reaches Bree at night. Gandalf visits the Gaffer.<br>30 Crickhollow and the Inn at Bree are raided in the early<br>hours. Frodo leaves Bree. Gandalf comes to Crickhollow,<br>and reaches Bree at night.<br>1434 the return of the king<br>October<br>1 Gandalf leaves Bree.<br>3 He is attacked at night on Weathertop.<br>6 The camp under Weathertop attacked at night. Frodo<br>wounded.<br>9 Glorfindel leaves Rivendell.<br>11 He drives the Riders off the Bridge of Mitheithel.<br>13 Frodo crosses the Bridge.<br>18 Glorfindel finds Frodo at dusk. Gandalf reaches Rivendell.<br>20 Escape across the Ford of Bruinen.<br>24 Frodo recovers and wakes. Boromir arrives in Rivendell<br>at night.<br>25 Council of Elrond.<br>December<br>25 The Company of the Ring leaves Rivendell at dusk.<br>3019<br>January<br>8 The Company reach Hollin.<br>11, 12 Snow on Caradhras.<br>13 Attack by Wolves in the early hours. The Company<br>reaches West-gate of Moria at nightfall. Gollum begins<br>to trail the Ring-bearer.<br>14 Night in Hall Twenty-one.<br>15 The Bridge of Khazad-du\u02c6m, and fall of Gandalf. The<br>Company reaches Nimrodel late at night.<br>17 The Company comes to Caras Galadhon at evening.<br>23 Gandalf pursues the Balrog to the peak of Zirakzigil.<br>25 He casts down the Balrog, and passes away. His body<br>lies on the peak.<br>February<br>15 The Mirror of Galadriel. Gandalf returns to life, and lies<br>in a trance.<br>appendix b 1435<br>16 Farewell to Lo\u00b4rien. Gollum in hiding on the west bank<br>observes the departure.<br>17 Gwaihir bears Gandalf to Lo\u00b4rien.<br>23 The boats are attacked at night near Sarn Gebir.<br>25 The Company pass the Argonath and camp at Parth<br>Galen. First Battle of the Fords of Isen; The\u00b4odred son<br>of The\u00b4oden slain.<br>26 Breaking of the Fellowship. Death of Boromir; his horn is<br>heard in Minas Tirith. Meriadoc and Peregrin captured.<br>Frodo and Samwise enter the eastern Emyn Muil. Aragorn sets out in pursuit of the Orcs at evening. E\u00b4 omer<br>hears of the descent of the Orc-band from Emyn Muil.<br>27 Aragorn reaches the west-cliff at sunrise. E\u00b4 omer against<br>The\u00b4oden\u2019s orders sets out from Eastfold about midnight<br>to pursue the Orcs.<br>28 E\u00b4 omer overtakes the Orcs just outside Fangorn Forest.<br>29 Meriadoc and Pippin escape and meet Treebeard. The<br>Rohirrim attack at sunrise and destroy the Orcs. Frodo<br>descends from the Emyn Muil and meets Gollum. Faramir sees the funeral boat of Boromir.<br>30 Entmoot begins. E\u00b4 omer returning to Edoras meets<br>Aragorn.<br>March<br>1 Frodo begins the passage of the Dead Marshes at dawn.<br>Entmoot continues. Aragorn meets Gandalf the White.<br>They set out for Edoras. Faramir leaves Minas Tirith on<br>an errand to Ithilien.<br>2 Frodo comes to the end of the Marshes. Gandalf comes<br>to Edoras and heals The\u00b4oden. The Rohirrim ride west<br>against Saruman. Second Battle of Fords of Isen. Erkenbrand defeated. Entmoot ends in afternoon. The Ents<br>march on Isengard and reach it at night.<br>3 The\u00b4oden retreats to Helm\u2019s Deep. Battle of the Hornburg begins. Ents complete the destruction of Isengard.<br>4 The\u00b4oden and Gandalf set out from Helm\u2019s Deep for<br>Isengard. Frodo reaches the slag-mounds on the edge of<br>the Desolation of the Morannon.<br>1436 the return of the king<br>5 The\u00b4oden reaches Isengard at noon. Parley with Saruman<br>in Orthanc. Winged Nazgu\u02c6l passes over the camp at Dol<br>Baran. Gandalf sets out with Peregrin for Minas Tirith.<br>Frodo hides in sight of the Morannon, and leaves at dusk.<br>6 Aragorn overtaken by the Du\u00b4nedain in the early hours.<br>The\u00b4oden sets out from the Hornburg for Harrowdale.<br>Aragorn sets out later.<br>7 Frodo taken by Faramir to Henneth Annu\u02c6n. Aragorn<br>comes to Dunharrow at nightfall.<br>8 Aragorn takes the \u2018Paths of the Dead\u2019 at daybreak; he<br>reaches Erech at midnight. Frodo leaves Henneth<br>Annu\u02c6n.<br>9 Gandalf reaches Minas Tirith. Faramir leaves Henneth<br>Annu\u02c6n. Aragorn sets out from Erech and comes to<br>Calembel. At dusk Frodo reaches the Morgul-road.<br>The\u00b4oden comes to Dunharrow. Darkness begins to flow<br>out of Mordor.<br>10 The Dawnless Day. The Muster of Rohan: the Rohirrim<br>ride from Harrowdale. Faramir rescued by Gandalf outside the gates of the City. Aragorn crosses Ringlo\u00b4. An<br>army from the Morannon takes Cair Andros and passes<br>into Ano\u00b4rien. Frodo passes the Cross-roads, and sees the<br>Morgul-host set forth.<br>11 Gollum visits Shelob, but seeing Frodo asleep nearly<br>repents. Denethor sends Faramir to Osgiliath. Aragorn<br>reaches Linhir and crosses into Lebennin. Eastern Rohan<br>is invaded from the north. First assault on Lo\u00b4rien.<br>12 Gollum leads Frodo into Shelob\u2019s lair. Faramir retreats<br>to the Causeway Forts. The\u00b4oden camps under MinRimmon. Aragorn drives the enemy towards Pelargir.<br>The Ents defeat the invaders of Rohan.<br>13 Frodo captured by the Orcs of Cirith Ungol. The<br>Pelennor is overrun. Faramir is wounded. Aragorn<br>reaches Pelargir and captures the fleet. The\u00b4oden in Dru\u00b4-<br>adan Forest.<br>14 Samwise finds Frodo in the Tower. Minas Tirith is<br>besieged. The Rohirrim led by the Wild Men come to<br>the Grey Wood.<br>15 In the early hours the Witch-king breaks the Gates of<br>appendix b 1437<br>the City. Denethor burns himself on a pyre. The horns<br>of the Rohirrim are heard at cockcrow. Battle of the<br>Pelennor. The\u00b4oden is slain. Aragorn raises the standard<br>of Arwen. Frodo and Samwise escape and begin their<br>journey north along the Morgai. Battle under the trees<br>in Mirkwood; Thranduil repels the forces of Dol Guldur.<br>Second assault on Lo\u00b4rien.<br>16 Debate of the commanders. Frodo from the Morgai<br>looks out over the camp to Mount Doom.<br>17 Battle of Dale. King Brand and King Da\u00b4in Ironfoot fall.<br>Many Dwarves and Men take refuge in Erebor and are<br>besieged. Shagrat brings Frodo\u2019s cloak, mail-shirt, and<br>sword to Barad-du\u02c6r.<br>18 The Host of the West marches from Minas Tirith. Frodo<br>comes in sight of the Isenmouthe; he is overtaken by<br>Orcs on the road from Durthang to Udu\u02c6n.<br>19 The Host comes to Morgul Vale. Frodo and Samwise<br>escape and begin their journey along the road to the<br>Barad-du\u02c6r.<br>22 The dreadful nightfall. Frodo and Samwise leave the<br>road and turn south to Mount Doom. Third assault on<br>Lo\u00b4rien.<br>23 The Host passes out of Ithilien. Aragorn dismisses the<br>faint-hearted. Frodo and Samwise cast away their arms<br>and gear.<br>24 Frodo and Samwise make their last journey to the feet<br>of Mount Doom. The Host camps in the Desolation of<br>the Morannon.<br>25 The Host is surrounded on the Slag-hills. Frodo and<br>Samwise reach the Sammath Naur. Gollum seizes the<br>Ring and falls in the Cracks of Doom. Downfall of<br>Barad-du\u02c6r and passing of Sauron.<br>After the fall of the Dark Tower and the passing of Sauron the<br>Shadow was lifted from the hearts of all who opposed him, but<br>fear and despair fell upon his servants and allies. Three times<br>Lo\u00b4rien had been assailed from Dol Guldur, but besides the valour of the elven people of that land, the power that dwelt there<br>was too great for any to overcome, unless Sauron had come<br>1438 the return of the king<br>there himself. Though grievous harm was done to the fair woods<br>on the borders, the assaults were driven back; and when the<br>Shadow passed, Celeborn came forth and led the host of Lo\u00b4rien<br>over Anduin in many boats. They took Dol Guldur, and Galadriel threw down its walls and laid bare its pits, and the forest was<br>cleansed.<br>In the North also there had been war and evil. The realm of<br>Thranduil was invaded, and there was long battle under the trees<br>and great ruin of fire; but in the end Thranduil had the victory.<br>And on the day of the New Year of the Elves, Celeborn and<br>Thranduil met in the midst of the forest; and they renamed<br>Mirkwood Eryn Lasgalen, The Wood of Greenleaves. Thranduil<br>took all the northern region as far as the mountains that rise in<br>the forest for his realm; and Celeborn took all the southern wood<br>below the Narrows, and named it East Lo\u00b4rien; all the wide forest<br>between was given to the Beornings and the Woodmen. But<br>after the passing of Galadriel in a few years Celeborn grew weary<br>of his realm and went to Imladris to dwell with the sons of<br>Elrond. In the Greenwood the Silvan Elves remained untroubled,<br>but in Lo\u00b4rien there lingered sadly only a few of its former people,<br>and there was no longer light or song in Caras Galadhon.<br>At the same time as the great armies besieged Minas Tirith a<br>host of the allies of Sauron that had long threatened the borders<br>of King Brand crossed the River Carnen, and Brand was driven<br>back to Dale. There he had the aid of the Dwarves of Erebor;<br>and there was a great battle at the Mountain\u2019s feet. It lasted three<br>days, but in the end both King Brand and King Da\u00b4in Ironfoot<br>were slain, and the Easterlings had the victory. But they could<br>not take the Gate, and many, both Dwarves and Men, took<br>refuge in Erebor, and there withstood a siege.<br>When news came of the great victories in the South, then<br>Sauron\u2019s northern army was filled with dismay; and the besieged<br>came forth and routed them, and the remnant fled into the East<br>and troubled Dale no more. Then Bard II, Brand\u2019s son, became<br>King in Dale, and Thorin III Stonehelm, Da\u00b4in\u2019s son, became<br>King under the Mountain. They sent their ambassadors to the<br>crowning of King Elessar; and their realms remained ever after,<br>appendix b 1439<br>as long as they lasted, in friendship with Gondor; and they were<br>under the crown and protection of the King of the West.<br>the chief days from the fall of barad-du\u02c6 r<br>to the end of the third age 1<br>3019<br>S.R. 1419<br>March 27. Bard II and Thorin III Stonehelm drive the enemy<br>from Dale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"28\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Celeborn crosses Anduin; destruction of Dol Guldur<br>begun.<br>April 6. Meeting of Celeborn and Thranduil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Ring-bearers are honoured on the Field of<br>Cormallen.<br>May 1. Crowning of King Elessar; Elrond and Arwen set out<br>from Rivendell.<br>8.E\u00b4 omer and E\u00b4 owyn depart for Rohan with the sons of<br>Elrond.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elrond and Arwen come to Lo\u00b4rien.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The escort of Arwen leaves Lo\u00b4rien.<br>June 14. The sons of Elrond meet the escort and bring Arwen<br>to Edoras.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They set out for Gondor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>King Elessar finds the sapling of the White Tree.<br>1 Lithe. Arwen comes to the City.<br>Mid-year\u2019s Day. Wedding of Elessar and Arwen.<br>July 18.E\u00b4 omer returns to Minas Tirith.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The funeral escort of King The\u00b4oden sets out.<br>August 7. The escort comes to Edoras.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Funeral of King The\u00b4oden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The guests take leave of King E\u00b4 omer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Treebeard releases Saruman.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They come to Helm\u2019s Deep.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They come to Isengard; they take leave of the King of<br>the West at sunset.<br>1 Months and days are given according to the Shire Calendar.<br>1440 the return of the king<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They overtake Saruman; Saruman turns towards the<br>Shire.<br>September 6. They halt in sight of the Mountains of Moria.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Celeborn and Galadriel depart, the others set out for<br>Rivendell.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They return to Rivendell.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The hundred and twenty-ninth birthday of Bilbo.<br>Saruman comes to the Shire.<br>October 5. Gandalf and the Hobbits leave Rivendell.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They cross the Ford of Bruinen; Frodo feels the first<br>return of pain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They reach Bree at nightfall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They leave Bree. The \u2018Travellers\u2019 come to the Brandywine Bridge at dark.<br>November 1. They are arrested at Frogmorton.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They come to Bywater and rouse the Shire-folk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Battle of Bywater, and Passing of Saruman. End of the<br>War of the Ring.<br>3020<br>S.R. 1420: The Great Year of Plenty<br>March 13. Frodo is taken ill (on the anniversary of his poisoning by Shelob).<br>April 6. The mallorn flowers in the Party Field.<br>May 1. Samwise marries Rose.<br>Mid-year\u2019s Day. Frodo resigns office of mayor, and Will Whitfoot is restored.<br>September 22. Bilbo\u2019s hundred and thirtieth birthday.<br>October 6. Frodo is again ill.<br>3021<br>S.R. 1421: The Last of the Third Age<br>March 13. Frodo is again ill.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Birth of Elanor the Fair,1 daughter of Samwise. On this<br>1 She became known as \u2018the Fair\u2019 because of her beauty; many said<br>that she looked more like an elf-maid than a hobbit. She had golden hair,<br>which had been very rare in the Shire; but two others of Samwise\u2019s<br>daughters were also golden-haired, and so were many of the children<br>born at this time.<br>appendix b 1441<br>day the Fourth Age began in the reckoning of Gondor.<br>September 21. Frodo and Samwise set out from Hobbiton.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They meet the Last Riding of the Keepers of the<br>Rings in Woody End.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They come to the Grey Havens. Frodo and Bilbo<br>depart over Sea with the Three Keepers. The end of the<br>Third Age.<br>October 6. Samwise returns to Bag End.<br>LATER EVENTS CONCERNING<br>THE MEMBERS OF THE FELLOWSHIP<br>OF THE RING<br>s.r.<br>1422 With the beginning of this year the Fourth Age began<br>in the count of years in the Shire; but the numbers of<br>the years of Shire Reckoning were continued.<br>1427 Will Whitfoot resigns. Samwise is elected Mayor of<br>the Shire. Peregrin Took marries Diamond of Long<br>Cleeve. King Elessar issues an edict that Men are not<br>to enter the Shire, and he makes it a Free Land under<br>the protection of the Northern Sceptre.<br>1430 Faramir, son of Peregrin, born.<br>1431 Goldilocks, daughter of Samwise, born.<br>1432 Meriadoc, called the Magnificent, becomes Master of<br>Buckland. Great gifts are sent to him by King E\u00b4 omer<br>and the Lady E\u00b4 owyn of Ithilien.<br>1434 Peregrin becomes the Took and Thain. King Elessar<br>makes the Thain, the Master, and the Mayor Counsellors of the North-kingdom. Master Samwise is elected<br>Mayor for the second time.<br>1436 King Elessar rides north, and dwells for a while by<br>Lake Evendim. He comes to the Brandywine Bridge,<br>and there greets his friends. He gives the Star of the<br>Du\u00b4nedain to Master Samwise, and Elanor is made a<br>maid of honour to Queen Arwen.<br>1441 Master Samwise becomes Mayor for the third time.<br>1442 Master Samwise and his wife and Elanor ride to<br>1442 the return of the king<br>Gondor and stay there for a year. Master Tolman<br>Cotton acts as deputy Mayor.<br>1448 Master Samwise becomes Mayor for the fourth time.<br>1451 Elanor the Fair marries Fastred of Greenholm on the<br>Far Downs.<br>1452 The Westmarch, from the Far Downs to the Tower<br>Hills (Emyn Beraid),1 is added to the Shire by the gift<br>of the King. Many hobbits remove to it.<br>1454 Elfstan Fairbairn, son of Fastred and Elanor, is born.<br>1455 Master Samwise becomes Mayor for the fifth time.<br>1462 Master Samwise becomes Mayor for the sixth time.<br>At his request the Thain makes Fastred Warden of<br>Westmarch. Fastred and Elanor make their dwelling at<br>Undertowers on the Tower Hills, where their descendants, the Fairbairns of the Towers, dwelt for many<br>generations.<br>1463 Faramir Took marries Goldilocks, daughter of<br>Samwise.<br>1469 Master Samwise becomes Mayor for the seventh and<br>last time, being in 1476, at the end of his office, ninetysix years old.<br>1482 Death of Mistress Rose, wife of Master Samwise, on<br>Mid-year\u2019s Day. On September 22 Master Samwise<br>rides out from Bag End. He comes to the Tower Hills,<br>and is last seen by Elanor, to whom he gives the Red<br>Book afterwards kept by the Fairbairns. Among them<br>the tradition is handed down from Elanor that Samwise<br>passed the Towers, and went to the Grey Havens, and<br>passed over Sea, last of the Ring-bearers.<br>1484 In the spring of the year a message came from Rohan<br>to Buckland that King E\u00b4 omer wished to see Master<br>Holdwine once again. Meriadoc was then old (102)<br>but still hale. He took counsel with his friend the<br>Thain, and soon after they handed over their goods<br>and offices to their sons and rode away over the Sarn<br>Ford, and they were not seen again in the Shire. It was<br>heard after that Master Meriadoc came to Edoras and<br>1 p. 9; p. 1364, note 2.<br>appendix b 1443<br>was with King E\u00b4 omer before he died in that autumn.<br>Then he and Thain Peregrin went to Gondor and<br>passed what short years were left to them in that realm,<br>until they died and were laid in Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen among the<br>great of Gondor.<br>1541 In this year1 on March 1st came at last the Passing<br>of King Elessar. It is said that the beds of Meriadoc<br>and Peregrin were set beside the bed of the great king.<br>Then Legolas built a grey ship in Ithilien, and sailed<br>down Anduin and so over Sea; and with him, it is said,<br>went Gimli the Dwarf. And when that ship passed an<br>end was come in Middle-earth of the Fellowship of the<br>Ring.<br>1 Fourth Age (Gondor) 120.<br>APPENDIX C<br>FAMILY TREES<br>The names given in these Trees are only a selection from many.<br>Most of them are either guests at Bilbo\u2019s Farewell Party, or their<br>direct ancestors. The guests at the Party are underlined. A few<br>other names of persons concerned in the events recounted are<br>also given. In addition some genealogical information is provided<br>concerning Samwise the founder of the family of Gardner, later<br>famous and influential.<br>The figures after the names are those of birth (and death<br>where that is recorded). All dates are given according to the<br>Shire-reckoning, calculated from the crossing of the Brandywine<br>by the brothers Marcho and Blanco in the Year 1 of the Shire<br>(Third Age 1601).<br>BOLGER OF BUDGEFORD<br>Gundolpho Bolger<br>1131\u20131230<br>=Alfrida of the Yale<br>Rudolph<br>1178<br>=Cora Goodbody<br>Gundahad<br>1180<br>Gundahar<br>1174\u20131275<br>=Dina Diggle<br>Adalgar<br>1215\u20131314<br>Rudigar<br>1255\u20131348<br>=Belba Baggins<br>Rudibert<br>1260<br>=Amethyst Hornblower<br>Ruby<br>1264<br>=Fosco Baggins<br>Adalbert<br>1301\u20131397<br>Gerda Boffin<br>[Drogo]<br>[FRODO] Filibert<br>1342\u20131443<br>=Poppy Chubb-Baggins<br>Herugar<br>1295\u20131390<br>=Jessamine Boffin<br>Odovacar<br>1336\u20131431<br>=Rosamunda Took<br>Fredegar<br>1380<br>Estella=[MERIADOC]<br>Adaldrida<br>1218<br>=Marmadoc Brandybuck<br>Fastolph<br>1210<br>=Pansy Baggins<br>(various<br>descendants)<br>Gundabald<br>1222<br>=Salvia Brandybuck<br>Theobald<br>1261<br>=Nina Lightfoot<br>Wilibald<br>1304\u20131400<br>=Prisca Baggins<br>Heribald<br>1351<br>Wilimar<br>1347<br>Nora<br>1360<br>1385<br>BOFFIN OF THE YALE<br>Buffo Boffin<br>=Ivy Goodenough<br>Bosco<br>1167\u20131258<br>Otto the Fat<br>1212\u20131300<br>Lavender Grubb<br>(sister of Laura = Mungo Baggins)<br>Hugo<br>1254\u20131345<br>=Donnamira Took<br>Jago<br>1294\u20131386<br>Jessamine<br>1297<br>=Herugar Bolger<br>[Fredegar]<br>Vigo<br>1337\u20131430<br>Folco<br>1378<br>Uffo<br>1257<br>=Sapphira Brockhouse<br>Gruffo<br>1300\u20131399<br>Gerda<br>1304\u20131404<br>=Adalbert Bolger<br>q.v.<br>Griffo<br>1346<br>=Daisy Baggins<br>Tosto<br>1388<br>Rollo<br>1260<br>=Druda Burrows<br>(various<br>descendants)<br>Primrose<br>1265<br>=Blanco Bracegirdle<br>[Lobelia]<br>1318\u20131420<br>=Otho S-Baggins<br>[Lotho S-B.]<br>[Bruno Bracegirdle]<br>1313\u20131410<br>[Hugo Bracegirdle]<br>1350<br>[Hilda]<br>1354<br>[=Seredic Brandybuck]<br>[BILBO]<br>[FRODO]<br>Basso<br>1169<br>reputed to have \u2018gone to sea\u2019 in 1195<br>Briffo<br>1170<br>(removed to Bree 1210)<br>Berylla<br>1172<br>=Balbo Baggins<br>[Mungo] [Largo]<br>APPENDIX D<br>SHIRE CALENDAR<br>FOR USE IN ALL YEARS<br>Every year began on the first day of the week, Saturday, and<br>ended on the last day of the week, Friday. The Mid-year\u2019s Day,<br>and in Leap-years the Overlithe, had no weekday name. The<br>1452 the return of the king<br>Lithe before Mid-year\u2019s Day was called 1 Lithe, and the one<br>after was called 2 Lithe. The Yule at the end of the year was 1<br>Yule, and that at the beginning was 2 Yule. The Overlithe was<br>a day of special holiday, but it did not occur in any of the years<br>important to the history of the Great Ring. It occurred in 1420,<br>the year of the famous harvest and wonderful summer, and the<br>merrymaking in that year is said to have been the greatest in<br>memory or record.<br>THE CALENDARS<br>The Calendar in the Shire differed in several features from ours.<br>The year no doubt was of the same length,1 for long ago as those<br>times are now reckoned in years and lives of men, they were not<br>very remote according to the memory of the Earth. It is recorded<br>by the Hobbits that they had no \u2018week\u2019 when they were still a<br>wandering people, and though they had \u2018months\u2019, governed<br>more or less by the Moon, their keeping of dates and calculations<br>of time were vague and inaccurate. In the west-lands of Eriador,<br>when they had begun to settle down, they adopted the Kings\u2019<br>Reckoning of the Du\u00b4nedain, which was ultimately of Eldarin<br>origin; but the Hobbits of the Shire introduced several minor<br>alterations. This calendar, or \u2018Shire Reckoning\u2019 as it was called,<br>was eventually adopted also in Bree, except for the Shire usage<br>of counting as Year 1 the year of the colonization of the Shire.<br>It is often difficult to discover from old tales and traditions<br>precise information about things which people knew well and<br>took for granted in their own day (such as the names of letters,<br>or of the days of the week, or the names and lengths of months).<br>But owing to their general interest in genealogy, and to the<br>interest in ancient history which the learned amongst them<br>developed after the War of the Ring, the Shire-hobbits seem to<br>have concerned themselves a good deal with dates; and they<br>even drew up complicated tables showing the relations of their<br>own system with others. I am not skilled in these matters, and<br>may have made many errors; but at any rate the chronology of<br>1 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 46 seconds.<br>appendix d 1453<br>the crucial years S.R. 1418, 1419 is so carefully set out in the<br>Red Book that there cannot be much doubt about days and times<br>at that point.<br>It seems clear that the Eldar in Middle-earth, who had, as Samwise remarked, more time at their disposal, reckoned in long<br>periods, and the Quenya word ye\u00b4n, often translated \u2018year\u2019<br>(p. 492), really means 144 of our years. The Eldar preferred to<br>reckon in sixes and twelves as far as possible. A \u2018day\u2019 of the sun<br>they called re\u00b4 and reckoned from sunset to sunset. The ye\u00b4n<br>contained 52,596 days. For ritual rather than practical purposes<br>the Eldar observed a week or enquie\u00a8 of six days; and the ye\u00b4n<br>contained 8,766 of these enquier, reckoned continuously<br>throughout the period.<br>In Middle-earth the Eldar also observed a short period or solar<br>year, called a coranar or \u2018sun-round\u2019 when considered more or<br>less astronomically, but usually called loa \u2018growth\u2019 (especially in<br>the north-western lands) when the seasonal changes in vegetation were primarily considered, as was usual with the Elves generally. The loa was broken up into periods that might be regarded<br>either as long months or short seasons. These no doubt varied<br>in different regions; but the Hobbits only provide information<br>concerning the Calendar of Imladris. In that calendar there were<br>six of these \u2018seasons\u2019, of which the Quenya names were tuile\u00a8,<br>laire\u00a8, ya\u00b4vie\u00a8, quelle\u00a8, hr\u0131\u00b4ve\u00a8, coire\u00a8, which may be translated \u2018spring,<br>summer, autumn, fading, winter, stirring\u2019. The Sindarin names<br>were ethuil, laer, iavas, firith, rh\u0131\u02c6w, echuir. \u2018Fading\u2019 was also called<br>lasse-lanta \u2018leaf-fall\u2019, or in Sindarin narbeleth \u2018sun-waning\u2019.<br>Laire\u00a8 and hr\u0131\u00b4ve\u00a8 each contained 72 days, and the remainder 54<br>each. The loa began with yestare\u00a8, the day immediately before<br>tuile\u00a8, and ended with mettare\u00a8, the day immediately after coire\u00a8.<br>Between ya\u00b4vie\u00a8 and quelle\u00a8 were inserted three enderi or \u2018middledays\u2019. This provided a year of 365 days which was supplemented<br>by doubling the enderi (adding 3 days) in every twelfth year.<br>How any resulting inaccuracy was dealt with is uncertain. If<br>the year was then of the same length as now, the ye\u00b4n would have<br>been more than a day too long. That there was an inaccuracy is<br>shown by a note in the Calendars of the Red Book to the effect<br>that in the \u2018Reckoning of Rivendell\u2019 the last year of every third<br>1454 the return of the king<br>ye\u00b4n was shortened by three days: the doubling of the three enderi<br>due in that year was omitted; \u2018but that has not happened in our<br>time\u2019. Of the adjustment of any remaining inaccuracy there is<br>no record.<br>The Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans altered these arrangements. They divided the<br>loa into shorter periods of more regular length; and they adhered<br>to the custom of beginning the year in mid-winter, which had<br>been used by Men of the North-west from whom they were<br>derived in the First Age. Later they also made their week one of<br>7 days, and they reckoned the day from sunrise (out of the<br>eastern sea) to sunrise.<br>The Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean system, as used in Nu\u00b4menor, and in Arnor<br>and Gondor until the end of the kings, was called Kings\u2019 Reckoning. The normal year had 365 days. It was divided into twelve<br>astar or months, of which ten had 30 days and two had 31. The<br>long astar were those on either side of the Mid-year, approximately our June and July. The first day of the year was called<br>yestare\u00a8, the middle day (183rd) was called loe\u00a8nde\u00a8, and the last<br>day mettare\u00a8; these 3 days belonged to no month. In every fourth<br>year, except the last of a century (haranye\u00a8), two enderi or \u2018middledays\u2019 were substituted for the loe\u00a8nde\u00a8.<br>In Nu\u00b4menor calculation started with S.A. 1. The Deficit caused<br>by deducting 1 day from the last year of a century was not<br>adjusted until the last year of a millennium, leaving a millennial<br>deficit of 4 hours, 46 minutes, 40 seconds. This addition was<br>made in Nu\u00b4menor in S.A. 1000, 2000, 3000. After the Downfall<br>in S.A. 3319 the system was maintained by the exiles, but it was<br>much dislocated by the beginning of the Third Age with a new<br>numeration: S.A. 3442 became T.A. 1. By making T.A. 4 a leap<br>year instead of T.A. 3 (S.A. 3444) 1 more short year of only 365<br>days was intruded causing a deficit of 5 hours, 48 minutes, 46<br>seconds. The millennial additions were made 441 years late: in<br>T.A. 1000 (S.A. 4441) and 2000 (S.A. 5441). To reduce the<br>errors so caused, and the accumulation of the millennial deficits,<br>Mardil the Steward issued a revised calendar to take effect in<br>T.A. 2060, after a special addition of 2 days to 2059 (S.A.<br>5500), which concluded 5\u00bd millennia since the beginning of the<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean system. But this still left about 8 hours deficit.<br>appendix d 1455<br>Hador to 2360 added 1 day though this deficiency had not quite<br>reached that amount. After that no more adjustments were made.<br>(In T.A. 3000 with the threat of imminent war such matters<br>were neglected.) By the end of the Third Age, after 660 more<br>years, the Deficit had not yet amounted to 1 day.<br>The Revised Calendar introduced by Mardil was called Stewards\u2019 Reckoning and was adopted eventually by most of the users<br>of the Westron language, except the Hobbits. The months were<br>all of 30 days, and 2 days outside the months were introduced:<br>1 between the third and fourth months (March, April), and 1<br>between the ninth and tenth (September, October). These 5<br>days outside the months, yestare\u00a8, tuile\u00b4re\u00a8, loe\u00a8nde\u00a8, ya\u00b4vie\u00b4re\u00a8, and mettare\u00a8, were holidays.<br>The Hobbits were conservative and continued to use a form of<br>Kings\u2019 Reckoning adapted to fit their own customs. Their months<br>were all equal and had 30 days each; but they had 3 Summerdays,<br>called in the Shire the Lithe or the Lithedays, between June and<br>July. The last day of the year and the first of the next year were<br>called the Yuledays. The Yuledays and the Lithedays remained<br>outside the months, so that January 1 was the second and not<br>the first day of the year. Every fourth year, except in the last<br>year of the century,1 there were four Lithedays. The Lithedays<br>and the Yuledays were the chief holidays and times of feasting.<br>The additional Litheday was added after Mid-year\u2019s Day, and<br>so the 184th day of the Leap-years was called Overlithe and was<br>a day of special merrymaking. In full Yuletide was six days long,<br>including the last three and first three days of each year.<br>The Shire-folk introduced one small innovation of their own<br>(eventually also adopted in Bree), which they called Shirereform. They found the shifting of the weekday names in relation<br>to dates from year to year untidy and inconvenient. So in the<br>time of Isengrim II they arranged that the odd day which put<br>the succession out, should have no weekday name. After that<br>Mid-year\u2019s Day (and the Overlithe) was known only by its name<br>1 In the Shire, in which Year 1 corresponded with T.A. 1601. In Bree<br>in which Year 1 corresponded with T.A. 1300 it was the first year of the<br>century.<br>1456 the return of the king<br>and belonged to no week (p. 222). In consequence of this reform<br>the year always began on the First Day of the week and ended<br>on the Last Day; and the same date in any one year had the<br>same weekday name in all other years, so that Shire-folk no<br>longer bothered to put the weekday in their letters or diaries.1<br>They found this quite convenient at home, but not so convenient<br>if they ever travelled further than Bree.<br>In the above notes, as in the narrative, I have used our modern<br>names for both months and weekdays, though of course neither<br>the Eldar nor the Du\u00b4nedain nor the Hobbits actually did so.<br>Translation of the Westron names seemed to be essential to<br>avoid confusion, while the seasonal implications of our names<br>are more or less the same, at any rate in the Shire. It appears,<br>however, that Mid-year\u2019s Day was intended to correspond as<br>nearly as possible to the summer solstice. In that case the Shire<br>dates were actually in advance of ours by some ten days, and<br>our New Year\u2019s Day corresponded more or less to the Shire<br>January 9.<br>In the Westron the Quenya names of the months were usually<br>retained as the Latin names are now widely used in alien languages. They were: Narvinye\u00a8, Ne\u00b4nime\u00a8, Su\u00b4lime\u00a8, V\u0131\u00b4resse\u00a8, Lo\u00b4tesse\u00a8,<br>Na\u00b4rie\u00a8, Cermie\u00a8, U\u00b4 rime\u00a8, Yavannie\u00a8, Narquelie\u00a8, H\u0131\u00b4sime\u00a8, Ringare\u00a8. The<br>Sindarin names (used only by the Du\u00b4nedain) were: Narwain,<br>N\u0131\u00b4nui, Gwaeron, Gwirith, Lothron, No\u00b4rui, Cerveth, U\u00b4 rui, Ivanneth,<br>Narbeleth, Hithui, Girithron.<br>In this nomenclature the Hobbits, however, both of the Shire<br>and of Bree, diverged from the Westron usage, and adhered to<br>old-fashioned local names of their own, which they seem to have<br>picked up in antiquity from the Men of the vales of Anduin; at<br>any rate similar names were found in Dale and Rohan (cf. the<br>notes on the languages, pp. 1488\u20139, 1493\u20131500). The meanings<br>of these names, devised by Men, had as a rule long been for1 It will be noted if one glances at a Shire Calendar, that the only<br>weekday on which no month began was Friday. It thus became a jesting<br>idiom in the Shire to speak of \u2018on Friday the first\u2019 when referring to a<br>day that did not exist, or to a day on which very unlikely events such as<br>the flying of pigs or (in the Shire) the walking of trees might occur. In<br>full the expression was \u2018on Friday the first of Summerfilth\u2019.<br>appendix d 1457<br>gotten by the Hobbits, even in cases where they had originally<br>known what their significance was; and the forms of the names<br>were much obscured in consequence: math, for instance, at the<br>end of some of them is a reduction of month.<br>The Shire names are set out in the Calendar. It may be noted<br>that Solmath was usually pronounced, and sometimes written,<br>Somath; Thrimidge was often written Thrimich (archaically Thrimilch); and Blotmath was pronounced Blodmath or Blommath. In<br>Bree the names differed, being Frery, Solmath, Rethe, Chithing,<br>Thrimidge, Lithe, The Summerdays, Mede, Wedmath, Harvestmath, Wintring, Blooting, and Yulemath. Frery, Chithing and<br>Yulemath were also used in the Eastfarthing.1<br>The Hobbit week was taken from the Du\u00b4nedain, and the names<br>were translations of those given to the days in the old Northkingdom, which in their turn were derived from the Eldar. The<br>six-day week of the Eldar had days dedicated to, or named after,<br>the Stars, the Sun, the Moon, the Two Trees, the Heavens, and<br>the Valar or Powers, in that order, the last day being the chief<br>day of the week. Their names in Quenya were Elenya, Anarya,<br>Isilya, Aldu\u00b4ya, Menelya, Valanya (or Ta\u00b4rion); the Sindarin names<br>were Orgilion, Oranor, Orithil, Orgaladhad, Ormenel, Orbelain (or<br>Rodyn).<br>The Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans retained the dedications and order, but<br>altered the fourth day to Alde\u00a8a (Orgaladh) with reference to the<br>White Tree only, of which Nimloth that grew in the King\u2019s Court<br>in Nu\u00b4menor was believed to be a descendant. Also desiring a<br>seventh day, and being great mariners, they inserted a \u2018Sea-day\u2019,<br>Ea\u00a8renya (Oraearon), after the Heavens\u2019 Day.<br>The Hobbits took over this arrangement, but the meanings of<br>their translated names were soon forgotten, or no longer attended<br>to, and the forms were much reduced, especially in everyday<br>pronunciation. The first translation of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean names<br>1 It was a jest in Bree to speak of \u2018Winterfilth in the (muddy) Shire\u2019,<br>but according to the Shire-folk Wintring was a Bree alteration of the<br>older name, which had originally referred to the filling or completion of<br>the year before Winter, and descended from times before the full adoption of Kings\u2019 Reckoning when their new year began after harvest.<br>1458 the return of the king<br>was probably made two thousand years or more before the end<br>of the Third Age, when the week of the Du\u00b4nedain (the feature<br>of their reckoning earliest adopted by alien peoples) was taken<br>up by Men in the North. As with their names of months, the<br>Hobbits adhered to these translations, although elsewhere in the<br>Westron area the Quenya names were used.<br>Not many ancient documents were preserved in the Shire. At<br>the end of the Third Age far the most notable survival was<br>Yellowskin, or the Yearbook of Tuckborough.1 Its earliest entries<br>seem to have begun at least nine hundred years before Frodo\u2019s<br>time; and many are cited in the Red Book annals and genealogies.<br>In these the weekday names appear in archaic forms, of which<br>the following are the oldest: (1) Sterrendei,(2) Sunnendei,(3)<br>Monendei,(4) Trewesdei,(5) Hevenesdei,(6) Meresdei,(7) Hihdei.<br>In the language of the time of the War of the Ring these had<br>become Sterday, Sunday, Monday, Trewsday, Hevensday (or<br>Hensday), Mersday, Highday.<br>I have translated these names also into our own names, naturally beginning with Sunday and Monday, which occur in the<br>Shire week with the same names as ours, and re-naming the<br>others in order. It must be noted, however, that the associations<br>of the names were quite different in the Shire. The last day of<br>the week, Friday (Highday), was the chief day, and one of holiday (after noon) and evening feasts. Saturday thus corresponds<br>more nearly to our Monday, and Thursday to our Saturday.2<br>A few other names may be mentioned that have a reference to<br>time, though not used in precise reckonings. The seasons usually<br>named were tuile\u00a8 spring, laire\u00a8 summer, ya\u00b4vie\u00a8 autumn (or harvest), hr\u0131\u00b4ve\u00a8 winter; but these had no exact definitions, and quelle\u00a8<br>(or lasselanta) was also used for the latter part of autumn and<br>the beginning of winter.<br>The Eldar paid special attention to the \u2018twilight\u2019 (in the northerly regions), chiefly as the times of star-fading and star-opening.<br>1 Recording births, marriages, and deaths in the Took families, as<br>well as matters, such as land-sales, and various Shire events. 2 I have therefore in Bilbo\u2019s song (pp. 207\u20139) used Saturday and<br>Sunday instead of Thursday and Friday.<br>appendix d 1459<br>They had many names for these periods, of which the most<br>usual were tindo\u00b4me\u00a8 and undo\u00b4me\u00a8; the former most often referred<br>to the time near dawn, and undo\u00b4me\u00a8 to the evening. The Sindarin<br>name was uial, which could be defined as minuial and aduial.<br>These were often called in the Shire morrowdim and evendim.<br>Cf. Lake Evendim as a translation of Nenuial.<br>The Shire Reckoning and dates are the only ones of importance<br>for the narrative of the War of the Ring. All the days, months,<br>and dates are in the Red Book translated into Shire terms, or<br>equated with them in notes. The months and days, therefore,<br>throughout The Lord of the Rings refer to the Shire Calendar.<br>The only points in which the differences between this and our<br>calendar are important to the story at the crucial period, the end<br>of 3018 and the beginning of 3019 (S.R. 1418, 1419), are these:<br>October 1418 has only 30 days, January 1 is the second day of<br>1419, and February has 30 days; so that March 25, the date of<br>the downfall of the Barad-du\u02c6r, would correspond to our March<br>27, if our years began at the same seasonal point. The date was,<br>however, March 25 in both Kings\u2019 and Stewards\u2019 Reckoning.<br>The New Reckoning was begun in the restored Kingdom in<br>T.A. 3019. It represented a return to Kings\u2019 Reckoning adapted<br>to fit a spring-beginning as in the Eldarin loa.<br>1<br>In the New Reckoning the year began on March 25 old style,<br>in commemoration of the fall of Sauron and the deeds of the<br>Ring-bearers. The months retained their former names, beginning now with V\u0131\u00b4resse\u00a8 (April), but referred to periods beginning<br>generally five days earlier than previously. All the months had<br>30 days. There were 3 Enderi or Middle-days (of which the<br>second was called Loe\u00a8nde\u00a8), between Yavannie\u00a8 (September) and<br>Narquelie\u00a8 (October), that corresponded with September 23, 24,<br>25 old style. But in honour of Frodo Yavannie\u00a8 30, which corresponded with former September 22, his birthday, was made a<br>festival, and the leap-year was provided for by doubling this<br>feast, called Cormare\u00a8 or Ringday.<br>1 Though actually the yestare\u00a8 of New Reckoning occurred earlier than<br>in the Calendar of Imladris, in which it corresponded more or less with<br>Shire April 6.<br>1460 the return of the king<br>The Fourth Age was held to have begun with the departure<br>of Master Elrond, which took place in September 3021; but for<br>purposes of record in the Kingdom Fourth Age 1 was the year<br>that began according to the New Reckoning in March 25, 3021,<br>old style.<br>This reckoning was in the course of the reign of King Elessar<br>adopted in all his lands except the Shire, where the old calendar<br>was retained and Shire Reckoning was continued. Fourth Age 1<br>was thus called 1422; and in so far as the Hobbits took any<br>account of the change of Age, they maintained that it began with<br>2 Yule 1422, and not in the previous March.<br>There is no record of the Shire-folk commemorating either<br>March 25 or September 22; but in the Westfarthing, especially<br>in the country round Hobbiton Hill, there grew up a custom of<br>making holiday and dancing in the Party Field, when weather<br>permitted, on April 6. Some said that it was old Sam Gardner\u2019s<br>birthday, some that it was the day on which the Golden Tree<br>first flowered in 1420, and some that it was the Elves\u2019 New Year.<br>In the Buckland the Horn of the Mark was blown at sundown<br>every November 2 and bonfires and feastings followed.1<br>1 Anniversary of its first blowing in the Shire in 3019.<br>APPENDIX E<br>Writing and Spelling<br>I<br>PRONUNCIATION OF WORDS AND NAMES<br>The Westron or Common Speech has been entirely translated<br>into English equivalents. All Hobbit names and special words<br>are intended to be pronounced accordingly: for example, Bolger<br>has g as in bulge, and mathom rhymes with fathom.<br>In transcribing the ancient scripts I have tried to represent the<br>original sounds (so far as they can be determined) with fair<br>accuracy, and at the same time to produce words and names<br>that do not look uncouth in modern letters. The High-elven<br>Quenya has been spelt as much like Latin as its sounds allowed.<br>For this reason c has been preferred to k in both Eldarin languages.<br>The following points may be observed by those who are interested in such details.<br>consonants<br>C has always the value of k even before e and i: celeb \u2018silver\u2019<br>should be pronounced as keleb.<br>CH is only used to represent the sound heard in bach (in German or Welsh), not that in English church. Except at the<br>end of words and before t this sound was weakened to h<br>in the speech of Gondor, and that change has been recognized in a few names, such as Rohan, Rohirrim.(Imrahil is<br>a Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean name.)<br>DH represents the voiced (soft) th of English these clothes. It is<br>usually related to d, as in S. galadh \u2018tree\u2019 compared with<br>Q. alda; but is sometimes derived from n+r, as in Caradhras<br>\u2018Redhorn\u2019 from caran-rass.<br>1462 the return of the king<br>F represents f, except at the end of words, where it is used<br>to represent the sound of v (as in English of): Nindalf,<br>Fladrif.<br>G has only the sound of g in give, get: gil \u2018star\u2019, in Gildor,<br>Gilraen, Osgiliath, begins as in English gild.<br>H standing alone with no other consonant has the sound of<br>h in house, behold. The Quenya combination ht has the<br>sound of cht, as in German echt, acht: e.g. in the name<br>Telumehtar \u2018Orion\u2019.1 See also CH, DH, L, R, TH, W, Y.<br>I initially before another vowel has the consonantal sound<br>of y in you, yore in Sindarin only: as in Ioreth, Iarwain.<br>See Y.<br>K is used in names drawn from other than Elvish languages,<br>with the same value as c; kh thus represents the same sound<br>as ch in Orkish Grishna\u00b4kh, or Adu\u02c6naic (Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean)<br>Adu\u02c6nakho\u02c6r. On Dwarvish (Khuzdul) see note below.<br>L represents more or less the sound of English initial l, as in<br>let. It was, however, to some degree \u2018palatalized\u2019 between<br>e, i and a consonant, or finally after e, i. (The Eldar would<br>probably have transcribed English bell, fill as beol, fiol.) LH<br>represents this sound when voiceless (usually derived from<br>initial sl-). In (archaic) Quenya this is written hl, but was<br>in the Third Age usually pronounced as l.<br>NG represents ng in finger, except finally where it was sounded<br>as in English sing. The latter sound also occurred initially<br>in Quenya, but has been transcribed n (as in Noldo),<br>according to the pronunciation of the Third Age.<br>PH has the same sound as f. It is used (a) where the f-sound<br>occurs at the end of a word, as in alph \u2018swan\u2019; (b) where<br>the f-sound is related to or derived from a p, as in i-Pheriannath \u2018the Halflings\u2019 (perian); (c) in the middle of a few<br>words where it represents a long ff (from pp) as in Ephel<br>\u2018outer fence\u2019; and (d) in Adu\u02c6naic and Westron, as in ArPharazo\u02c6n (pharaz \u2018gold\u2019).<br>QU has been used for cw, a combination very frequent in<br>Quenya, though it did not occur in Sindarin.<br>R represents a trilled r in all positions; the sound was not lost<br>1 Usually called in Sindarin Menelvagor (p. 107), Q. Menelmacar.<br>appendix e 1463<br>before consonants (as in English part). The Orcs, and<br>some Dwarves, are said to have used a back or uvular r,a<br>sound which the Eldar found distasteful. RH represents a<br>voiceless r (usually derived from older initial sr-). It was<br>written hr in Quenya. Cf. L.<br>S is always voiceless, as in English so, geese; the z-sound<br>did not occur in contemporary Quenya or Sindarin. SH,<br>occurring in Westron, Dwarvish and Orkish, represents<br>sounds similar to sh in English.<br>TH represents the voiceless th of English in thin cloth. This had<br>become s in spoken Quenya, though still written with a<br>different letter; as in Q. Isil, S. Ithil, \u2018Moon\u2019.<br>TY represents a sound probably similar to the t in English<br>tune. It was derived mainly from c or t+y. The sound of<br>English ch, which was frequent in Westron, was usually<br>substituted for it by speakers of that language. Cf. HY<br>under Y.<br>V has the sound of English v, but is not used finally. See F.<br>W has the sound of English w. HW is a voiceless w, as in<br>English white (in northern pronunciation). It was not an<br>uncommon initial sound in Quenya, though examples<br>seem not to occur in this book. Both v and w are used in<br>the transcription of Quenya, in spite of the assimilation of<br>its spelling to Latin, since the two sounds, distinct in origin,<br>both occurred in the language.<br>Y is used in Quenya for the consonant y, as in English you.<br>In Sindarin y is a vowel (see below). HY has the same<br>relation to y as HW to w, and represents a sound like that<br>often heard in English hew, huge; h in Quenya eht, iht<br>had the same sound. The sound of English sh, which was<br>common in Westron, was often substituted by speakers of<br>that language. Cf. TY above. HY was usually derived from<br>sy- and khy-; in both cases related Sindarin words show<br>initial h, as in Q. Hyarmen \u2018south\u2019, S. Harad.<br>Note that consonants written twice, as tt, ll, ss, nn, represent<br>long, \u2018double\u2019 consonants. At the end of words of more than one<br>syllable these were usually shortened: as in Rohan from Rochann<br>(archaic Rochand).<br>1464 the return of the king<br>In Sindarin the combinations ng, nd, mb, which were specially<br>favoured in the Eldarin languages at an earlier stage, suffered<br>various changes. mb became m in all cases, but still counted as a<br>long consonant for purposes of stress (see below), and is thus<br>written mm in cases where otherwise the stress might be in<br>doubt.1 ng remained unchanged except initially and finally where<br>it became the simple nasal (as in English sing). nd became nn<br>usually, as Ennor \u2018Middle-earth\u2019, Q. Endo\u00b4re; but remained nd at<br>the end of fully accented monosyllables such as thond \u2018root\u2019 (cf.<br>Morthond \u2018Blackroot\u2019), and also before r, as Andros \u2018long-foam\u2019.<br>This nd is also seen in some ancient names derived from an<br>older period, such as Nargothrond, Gondolin, Beleriand. In the<br>Third Age final nd in long words had become n from nn, as in<br>Ithilien, Rohan, Ano\u00b4rien.<br>vowels<br>For vowels the letters i, e, a, o, u are used, and (in Sindarin only)<br>y. As far as can be determined the sounds represented by these<br>letters (other than y) were of normal kind, though doubtless<br>many local varieties escape detection.2 That is, the sounds were<br>approximately those represented by i, e, a, o, u in English<br>machine, were, father, for, brute, irrespective of quantity.<br>In Sindarin long e, a, o had the same quality as the short<br>vowels, being derived in comparatively recent times from them<br>(older e\u00b4, a\u00b4, o\u00b4 had been changed). In Quenya long e\u00b4 and o\u00b4 were,<br>when correctly2 pronounced, as by the Eldar, tenser and \u2018closer\u2019<br>than the short vowels.<br>1 As in galadhremmin ennorath (p. 309) \u2018tree-woven lands of<br>Middle-earth\u2019. Remmirath (p. 107) contains rem \u2018mesh\u2019, Q. rembe,+ m\u0131\u02c6r<br>\u2018jewel\u2019. 2 A fairly widespread pronunciation of long e\u00b4 and o\u00b4 as ei and ou, more<br>or less as in English say no, both in Westron and in the renderings of<br>Quenya names by Westron speakers, is shown by spellings such as ei,<br>ou (or their equivalents in contemporary scripts). But such pronunciations were regarded as incorrect or rustic. They were naturally usual<br>in the Shire. Those therefore who pronounce ye\u00b4ni u\u00b4no\u00b4time \u2018long-years<br>innumerable\u2019, as is natural in English (sc. more or less as yainy oonoatimy)<br>will err little more than Bilbo, Meriadoc, or Peregrin. Frodo is said to<br>have shown great \u2018skill with foreign sounds\u2019.<br>appendix e 1465<br>Sindarin alone among contemporary languages possessed the<br>\u2018modified\u2019 or fronted u, more or less as u in French lune. It<br>was partly a modification of o and u, partly derived from older<br>diphthongs eu, iu. For this sound y has been used (as in ancient<br>English): as in ly\u02c6g \u2018snake\u2019, Q. leuca, or emyn pl. of amon \u2018hill\u2019. In<br>Gondor this y was usually pronounced like i.<br>Long vowels are usually marked with the \u2018acute accent\u2019, as in<br>some varieties of Fe\u00a8anorian script. In Sindarin long vowels in<br>stressed monosyllables are marked with the circumflex, since<br>they tended in such cases to be specially prolonged;1 so in du\u02c6n<br>compared with Du\u00b4nadan. The use of the circumflex in other<br>languages such as Adu\u02c6naic or Dwarvish has no special significance, and is used merely to mark these out as alien tongues (as<br>with the use of k).<br>Final e is never mute or a mere sign of length as in English. To<br>mark this final e it is often (but not consistently) written e\u00a8.<br>The groups er, ir, ur (finally or before a consonant) are not<br>intended to be pronounced as in English fern, fir, fur, but rather<br>as English air, eer, oor.<br>In Quenya ui, oi, ai and iu, eu, au are diphthongs (that is, pronounced in one syllable). All other pairs of vowels are dissyllabic.<br>This is often dictated by writing e\u00a8a (Ea\u00a8), e\u00a8o, oe\u00a8.<br>In Sindarin the diphthongs are written ae, ai, ei, oe, ui, and au.<br>Other combinations are not diphthongal. The writing of final au<br>as aw is in accordance with English custom, but is actually not<br>uncommon in Fe\u00a8anorian spellings.<br>All these diphthongs2 were \u2018falling\u2019 diphthongs, that is stressed<br>on the first element, and composed of the simple vowels run<br>together. Thus ai, ei, oi, ui are intended to be pronounced<br>respectively as the vowels in English rye (not ray), grey, boy,<br>1 So also in Annu\u02c6n \u2018sunset\u2019, Amru\u02c6n \u2018sunrise\u2019, under the influence of<br>the related du\u02c6n \u2018west\u2019, and rhu\u02c6n \u2018east\u2019. 2 Originally. But iu in Quenya was in the Third Age usually pronounced as a rising diphthong as yu in English yule.<br>1466 the return of the king<br>ruin; and au (aw) as in loud, how and not as in laud, haw.<br>There is nothing in English closely corresponding to ae, oe,<br>eu; ae and oe may be pronounced as ai, oi.<br>stress<br>The position of the \u2018accent\u2019 or stress is not marked, since in the<br>Eldarin languages concerned its place is determined by the form<br>of the word. In words of two syllables it falls in practically all<br>cases on the first syllable. In longer words it falls on the last<br>syllable but one, where that contains a long vowel, a diphthong,<br>or a vowel followed by two (or more) consonants. Where the<br>last syllable but one contains (as often) a short vowel followed<br>by only one (or no) consonant, the stress falls on the syllable<br>before it, the third from the end. Words of the last form are<br>favoured in the Eldarin languages, especially Quenya.<br>In the following examples the stressed vowel is marked by a<br>capital letter: isIldur, Orome, erEsse\u00a8a, fE\u00a8 anor, ancAlima, elentA\u00b4ri,<br>dEnethor, periAnnath, ecthElion, pelArgir, silIvren. Words of the<br>type elentA\u00b4ri \u2018star-queen\u2019 seldom occur in Quenya where the<br>vowel is e\u00b4, a\u00b4, o\u00b4, unless (as in this case) they are compounds; they<br>are commoner with the vowels \u00b4\u0131, u\u00b4, as andU\u00b4 ne \u2018sunset, west\u2019.<br>They do not occur in Sindarin except in compounds. Note that<br>Sindarin dh, th, ch are single consonants and represent single<br>letters in the original scripts.<br>note<br>In names drawn from other languages than Eldarin the same<br>values for the letters are intended, where not specially described<br>above, except in the case of Dwarvish. In Dwarvish, which did<br>not possess the sounds represented above by th and ch (kh), th<br>and kh are aspirates, that is t or k followed by an h, more or less<br>as in backhand, outhouse.<br>Where z occurs the sound intended is that of English z. gh in<br>the Black Speech and Orkish represents a \u2018back spirant\u2019 (related<br>to g as dh to d): as in gha\u02c6sh and agh.<br>The \u2018outer\u2019 or Mannish names of the Dwarves have been<br>given Northern forms, but the letter-values are those described.<br>appendix e 1467<br>So also in the case of the personal and place-names of Rohan<br>(where they have not been modernized), except that here e\u00b4a and<br>e\u00b4o are diphthongs, which may be represented by the ea of English<br>bear, and the eo of Theobald; y is the modified u. The modernized<br>forms are easily recognized and are intended to be pronounced<br>as in English. They are mostly place-names: as Dunharrow (for<br>Du\u00b4nharg), except Shadowfax and Wormtongue.<br>II<br>WRITING<br>The scripts and letters used in the Third Age were all ultimately<br>of Eldarin origin, and already at that time of great antiquity.<br>They had reached the stage of full alphabetic development, but<br>older modes in which only the consonants were denoted by full<br>letters were still in use.<br>The alphabets were of two main, and in origin independent,<br>kinds: the Tengwar or T\u0131\u02c6w, here translated as \u2018letters\u2019; and the<br>Certar or Cirth, translated as \u2018runes\u2019. The Tengwar were devised<br>for writing with brush or pen, and the squared forms of inscriptions were in their case derivative from the written forms. The<br>Certar were devised and mostly used only for scratched or incised<br>inscriptions.<br>The Tengwar were the more ancient; for they had been<br>developed by the Noldor, the kindred of the Eldar most skilled<br>in such matters, long before their exile. The oldest Eldarin letters,<br>the Tengwar of Ru\u00b4mil, were not used in Middle-earth. The later<br>letters, the Tengwar of Fe\u00a8anor, were largely a new invention,<br>though they owed something to the letters of Ru\u00b4mil. They were<br>brought to Middle-earth by the exiled Noldor, and so became<br>known to the Edain and Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans. In the Third Age their<br>use had spread over much the same area as that in which the<br>Common Speech was known.<br>The Cirth were devised first in Beleriand by the Sindar, and<br>were long used only for inscribing names and brief memorials<br>upon wood or stone. To that origin they owe their angular<br>shapes, very similar to the runes of our times, though they differed from these in details and were wholly different in arrange-<br>1468 the return of the king<br>ment. The Cirth in their older and simpler form spread eastward<br>in the Second Age, and became known to many peoples, to Men<br>and Dwarves, and even to Orcs, all of whom altered them to suit<br>their purposes and according to their skill or lack of it. One such<br>simple form was still used by the Men of Dale, and a similar one<br>by the Rohirrim.<br>But in Beleriand, before the end of the First Age, the Cirth,<br>partly under the influence of the Tengwar of the Noldor, were<br>rearranged and further developed. Their richest and most<br>ordered form was known as the Alphabet of Daeron, since in<br>Elvish tradition it was said to have been devised by Daeron, the<br>minstrel and loremaster of King Thingol of Doriath. Among the<br>Eldar the Alphabet of Daeron did not develop true cursive forms,<br>since for writing the Elves adopted the Fe\u00a8anorian letters. The<br>Elves of the West indeed for the most part gave up the use of runes<br>altogether. In the country of Eregion, however, the Alphabet of<br>Daeron was maintained in use and passed thence to Moria, where<br>it became the alphabet most favoured by the Dwarves. It remained<br>ever after in use among them and passed with them to the North.<br>Hence in later times it was often called Angerthas Moria or the<br>Long Rune-rows of Moria. As with their speech the Dwarves<br>made use of such scripts as were current and many wrote the Fe\u00a8anorian letters skilfully; but for their own tongue they adhered to the<br>Cirth, and developed written pen-forms from them.<br>(i)<br>the fe\u00a8 anorian letters<br>The table shows, in formal book-hand shape, all the letters that<br>were commonly used in the West-lands in the Third Age. The<br>arrangement is the one most usual at the time, and the one in<br>which the letters were then usually recited by name.<br>This script was not in origin an \u2018alphabet\u2019: that is, a haphazard<br>series of letters, each with an independent value of its own,<br>recited in a traditional order that has no reference either to their<br>shapes or to their functions.1 It was, rather, a system of conson1 The only relation in our alphabet that would have appeared intelligible to the Eldar is that between P and B; and their separation from one<br>another, and from F, M, V, would have seemed to them absurd.<br>appendix e 1469<br>THE TENGWAR<br>antal signs, of similar shapes and style, which could be adapted at<br>choice or convenience to represent the consonants of languages<br>observed (or devised) by the Eldar. None of the letters had in<br>itself a fixed value; but certain relations between them were<br>gradually recognized.<br>The system contained twenty-four primary letters, 1\u201324,<br>arranged in four te\u00b4mar (series), each of which had six tyeller<br>1470 the return of the king<br>(grades). There were also \u2018additional letters\u2019, of which 25\u201336 are<br>examples. Of these 27 and 29 are the only strictly independent<br>letters; the remainder are modifications of other letters. There<br>was also a number of tehtar (signs) of varied uses. These do not<br>appear in the table.1<br>The primary letters were each formed of a telco (stem) and a<br>lu\u00b4va (bow). The forms seen in 1\u20134 were regarded as normal.<br>The stem could be raised, as in 9\u201316; or reduced, as in 17\u201324.<br>The bow could be open, as in Series I and III; or closed, as in II<br>and IV; and in either case it could be doubled, as e.g. in 5\u20138.<br>The theoretic freedom of application had in the Third Age<br>been modified by custom to this extent that Series I was generally<br>applied to the dental or t-series (tincote\u00b4ma), and II to the labials<br>or p-series (parmate\u00b4ma). The application of Series III and IV<br>varied according to the requirements of different languages.<br>In languages like the Westron, which made much use of consonants2 such as our ch, j, sh, Series III was usually applied to<br>these; in which case Series IV was applied to the normal k-series<br>(calmate\u00b4ma). In Quenya, which possessed besides the calmate\u00b4ma<br>both a palatal series (tyelpete\u00b4ma) and a labialized series (quessete\u00b4ma), the palatals were represented by a Fe\u00a8anorian diacritic<br>denoting \u2018following y\u2019 (usually two underposed dots), while<br>Series IV was a kw-series.<br>Within these general applications the following relations were<br>also commonly observed. The normal letters, Grade 1, were<br>applied to the \u2018voiceless stops\u2019: t, p, k, etc. The doubling of the<br>bow indicated the addition of \u2018voice\u2019: thus if 1, 2, 3, 4=t, p, ch,<br>k (or t, p, k, kw) then 5, 6, 7, 8=d, b, j, g (or d, b, g, gw). The<br>raising of the stem indicated the opening of the consonant to a<br>\u2018spirant\u2019: thus assuming the above values for Grade 1, Grade 3<br>1 Many of them appear in the examples on the title-page, and in the<br>inscription on p. 66, transcribed on p. 331. They were mainly used to<br>express vowel-sounds, in Quenya usually regarded as modifications of<br>the accompanying consonant; or to express more briefly some of the<br>most frequent consonant combinations. 2 The representation of the sounds here is the same as that employed<br>in transcription and described above, except that here ch represents the<br>ch in English church; j represents the sound of English j, and zh the sound<br>heard in azure and occasion.<br>appendix e 1471<br>(9\u201312)=th, f, sh, ch (or th, f, kh, khw\/hw), and Grade 4 (13\u201316)=<br>dh, v, zh, gh (or dh, v, gh, ghw\/w).<br>The original Fe\u00a8anorian system also possessed a grade with<br>extended stems, both above and below the line. These usually<br>represented aspirated consonants (e.g. t+h, p+h, k+h), but might<br>represent other consonantal variations required. They were not<br>needed in the languages of the Third Age that used this script;<br>but the extended forms were much used as variants (more clearly<br>distinguished from Grade 1) of Grades 3 and 4.<br>Grade 5 (17\u201320) was usually applied to the nasal consonants:<br>thus 17 and 18 were the most common signs for n and m.<br>According to the principle observed above, Grade 6 should then<br>have represented the voiceless nasals; but since such sounds<br>(exemplified by Welsh nh or ancient English hn) were of very<br>rare occurrence in the languages concerned, Grade 6 (21\u201324)<br>was most often used for the weakest or \u2018semi-vocalic\u2019 consonants<br>of each series. It consisted of the smallest and simplest shapes<br>among the primary letters. Thus 21 was often used for a weak<br>(untrilled) r, originally occurring in Quenya and regarded in the<br>system of that language as the weakest consonant of the tincote\u00b4ma; 22 was widely used for w; where Series III was used as a<br>palatal series 23 was commonly used as consonantal y.<br>1<br>Since some of the consonants of Grade 4 tended to become<br>weaker in pronunciation, and to approach or to merge with those<br>of Grade 6 (as described above), many of the latter ceased to have<br>a clear function in the Eldarin languages; and it was from these<br>letters that the letters expressing vowels were largely derived.<br>note<br>The standard spelling of Quenya diverged from the applications<br>of the letters above described. Grade 2 was used for nd, mb, ng,<br>ngw, all of which were frequent, since b, g, gw only appeared in<br>these combinations, while for rd, ld the special letters 26, 28 were<br>1 The inscription on the West-gate of Moria gives an example of a<br>mode, used for the spelling of Sindarin, in which Grade 6 represented<br>the simple nasals, but Grade 5 represented the double or long nasals<br>much used in Sindarin: 17=nn, but 21=n.<br>1472 the return of the king<br>used. (For lv, not for lw, many speakers, especially Elves, used lb:<br>this was written with 27+6, since lmb could not occur.) Similarly,<br>Grade 4 was used for the extremely frequent combinations nt,<br>mp, nk, nqu, since Quenya did not possess dh, gh, ghw, and for<br>v used letter 22. See the Quenya letter-names pp. 1474\u20135.<br>The additional letters. No. 27 was universally used for l. No. 25<br>(in origin a modification of 21) was used for \u2018full\u2019 trilled r. Nos.<br>26, 28 were modifications of these. They were frequently used<br>for voiceless r (rh) and l (lh) respectively. But in Quenya they<br>were used for rd and ld. 29 represented s, and 31 (with doubled<br>curl) z in those languages that required it. The inverted forms,<br>30 and 32, though available for use as separate signs, were mostly<br>used as mere variants of 29 and 31, according to the convenience<br>of writing, e.g. they were much used when accompanied by<br>superimposed tehtar.<br>No. 33 was in origin a variation representing some (weaker)<br>variety of 11; its most frequent use in the Third Age was h. 34<br>was mostly used (if at all) for voiceless w (hw). 35 and 36 were,<br>when used as consonants, mostly applied to y and w respectively.<br>The vowels were in many modes represented by tehtar, usually set<br>above a consonantal letter. In languages such as Quenya, in which<br>most words ended in a vowel, the tehta was placed above the preceding consonant; in those such as Sindarin, in which most words<br>ended in a consonant, it was placed above the following consonant. When there was no consonant present in the required position, the tehta was placed above the \u2018short carrier\u2019, of which a<br>common form was like an undotted i. The actual tehtar used in<br>different languages for vowel-signs were numerous. The commonest, usually applied to (varieties of ) e, i, a, o, u, are exhibited<br>in the examples given. The three dots, most usual in formal writing<br>for a, were variously written in quicker styles, a form like a circumflex being often employed.1 The single dot and the \u2018acute<br>1 In Quenya in which a was very frequent, its vowel sign was often<br>omitted altogether. Thus for calma \u2018lamp\u2019 clm could be written. This<br>would naturally read as calma, since cl was not in Quenya a possible<br>initial combination, and m never occurred finally. A possible reading was<br>calama, but no such word existed.<br>appendix e 1473<br>accent\u2019 were frequently used for i and e (but in some modes for<br>e and i). The curls were used for o and u. In the Ring-inscription<br>the curl open to the right is used for u; but on the title-page this<br>stands for o, and the curl open to the left for u. The curl to the<br>right was favoured, and the application depended on the language concerned: in the Black Speech o was rare.<br>Long vowels were usually represented by placing the tehta on<br>the \u2018long carrier\u2019, of which a common form was like an undotted<br>j. But for the same purpose the tehtar could be doubled. This<br>was, however, only frequently done with the curls, and sometimes with the \u2018accent\u2019. Two dots was more often used as a sign<br>for following y.<br>The West-gate inscription illustrates a mode of \u2018full writing\u2019<br>with the vowels represented by separate letters. All the vocalic<br>letters used in Sindarin are shown. The use of No. 30 as a sign<br>for vocalic y may be noted; also the expression of diphthongs by<br>placing the tehta for following y above the vowel-letter. The sign<br>for following w (required for the expression of au, aw) was in<br>this mode the u-curl or a modification of it ~. But the diphthongs<br>were often written out in full, as in the transcription. In this<br>mode length of vowel was usually indicated by the \u2018acute accent\u2019,<br>called in that case andaith \u2018long mark\u2019.<br>There were beside the tehtar already mentioned a number<br>of others, chiefly used to abbreviate the writing, especially by<br>expressing frequent consonant combinations without writing<br>them out in full. Among these, a bar (or a sign like a Spanish<br>tilde) placed above a consonant was often used to indicate that<br>it was preceded by the nasal of the same series (as in nt, mp, or<br>nk); a similar sign placed below was, however, mainly used to<br>show that the consonant was long or doubled. A downward hook<br>attached to the bow (as in hobbits, the last word on the title-page)<br>was used to indicate a following s, especially in the combinations<br>ts, ps, ks (x), that were favoured in Quenya.<br>There was of course no \u2018mode\u2019 for the representation of English.<br>One adequate phonetically could be devised from the Fe\u00a8anorian<br>system. The brief example on the title-page does not attempt to<br>exhibit this. It is rather an example of what a man of Gondor<br>might have produced, hesitating between the values of the letters<br>1474 the return of the king<br>familiar in his \u2018mode\u2019 and the traditional spelling of English. It<br>may be noted that a dot below (one of the uses of which was<br>to represent weak obscured vowels) is here employed in the<br>representation of unstressed and, but is also used in here for silent<br>final e; the, of, and of the are expressed by abbreviations (extended<br>dh, extended v, and the latter with an under-stroke).<br>The names of the letters. In all modes each letter and sign had a<br>name; but these names were devised to fit or describe the phonetic uses in each particular mode. It was, however, often felt<br>desirable, especially in describing the uses of the letters in other<br>modes, to have a name for each letter in itself as a shape. For<br>this purpose the Quenya \u2018full names\u2019 were commonly employed,<br>even where they referred to uses peculiar to Quenya. Each \u2018full<br>name\u2019 was an actual word in Quenya that contained the letter in<br>question. Where possible it was the first sound of the word; but<br>where the sound or the combination expressed did not occur<br>initially it followed immediately after an initial vowel. The names<br>of the letters in the table were (1) tinco metal, parma book, calma<br>lamp, quesse feather; (2) ando gate, umbar fate, anga iron, ungwe<br>spider\u2019s web; (3) thu\u00b4le (su\u00b4le) spirit, formen north, harma treasure<br>(or aha rage), hwesta breeze; (4) anto mouth, ampa hook, anca<br>jaws, unque a hollow; (5) nu\u00b4men west, malta gold, noldo (older<br>ngoldo) one of the kindred of the Noldor, nwalme (older ngwalme)<br>torment; (6) o\u00b4re heart (inner mind), vala angelic power, anna<br>gift, vilya air, sky (older wilya); ro\u00b4men east, arda region, lambe<br>tongue, alda tree; silme starlight, silme nuquerna (s reversed), a\u00b4re<br>sunlight (or esse name), a\u00b4re nuquerna; hyarmen south, hwesta<br>sindarinwa, yanta bridge, u\u00b4re heat. Where there are variants this<br>is due to the names being given before certain changes affected<br>Quenya as spoken by the Exiles. Thus No. 11 was called harma<br>when it represented the spirant ch in all positions, but when this<br>sound became breath h initially1 (though remaining medially)<br>1 For breath h Quenya originally used a simple raised stem without<br>bow, called halla \u2018tall\u2019. This could be placed before a consonant to<br>indicate that it was unvoiced and breathed; voiceless r and l were usually<br>so expressed and are transcribed hr, hl. Later 33 was used for independent h, and the value of hy (its older value) was represented by adding<br>the tehta for following y.<br>appendix e 1475<br>the name aha was devised. a\u00b4re was originally a\u00b4ze, but when this<br>z became merged with 21, the sign was in Quenya used for the<br>very frequent ss of that language, and the name esse was given<br>to it. hwesta sindarinwa or \u2018Grey-elven hw\u2019 was so called because<br>in Quenya 12 had the sound of hw, and distinct signs for chw<br>and hw were not required. The names of the letters most widely<br>known and used were 17 n, 33 hy, 25 r, 10 f: nu\u00b4men, hyarmen,<br>ro\u00b4men, formen=west, south, east, north (cf. Sindarin du\u02c6n or<br>annu\u02c6n, harad, rhu\u02c6n or amru\u02c6n, forod). These letters commonly<br>indicated the points W, S, E, N even in languages that used quite<br>different terms. They were, in the West-lands, named in this<br>order, beginning with and facing west; hyarmen and formen<br>indeed meant left-hand region and right-hand region (the opposite to the arrangement in many Mannish languages).<br>(ii)<br>the cirth<br>The Certhas Daeron was originally devised to represent the<br>sounds of Sindarin only. The oldest cirth were Nos. 1, 2, 5, 6; 8,<br>9, 12; 18, 19, 22; 29, 31; 35, 36; 39, 42, 46, 50; and a certh<br>varying between 13 and 15. The assignment of values was unsystematic. Nos. 39, 42, 46, 50 were vowels and remained so in all<br>later developments. Nos. 13, 15 were used for h or s, according<br>as 35 was used for s or h. This tendency to hesitate in the<br>assignment of values for s and h continued in later arrangements.<br>In those characters that consisted of a \u2018stem\u2019 and a \u2018branch\u2019, 1\u2013<br>31, the attachment of the branch was, if on one side only, usually<br>made on the right side. The reverse was not infrequent, but had<br>no phonetic significance.<br>The extension and elaboration of this certhas was called in its<br>older form the Angerthas Daeron, since the additions to the old<br>cirth and their reorganization was attributed to Daeron. The<br>principal additions, however, the introductions of two new series,<br>13\u201317, and 23\u201328, were actually most probably inventions of the<br>Noldor of Eregion, since they were used for the representation of<br>sounds not found in Sindarin.<br>In the rearrangement of the Angerthas the following principles<br>are observable (evidently inspired by the Fe\u00a8anorian system): (1)<br>1476 the return of the king<br>adding a stroke to a branch added \u2018voice\u2019; (2) reversing the certh<br>indicated opening to a \u2018spirant\u2019; (3) placing the branch on both<br>sides of the stem added voice and nasality. These principles were<br>regularly carried out, except in one point. For (archaic) Sindarin<br>a sign for a spirant m (or nasal v) was required, and since this<br>could best be provided by a reversal of the sign for m, the<br>reversible No. 6 was given the value m, but No. 5 was given the<br>value hw.<br>No. 36, the theoretic value of which was z, was used, in spelling Sindarin or Quenya, for ss: cf. Fe\u00a8anorian 31. No. 39 was<br>used for either i or y (consonant); 34, 35 were used indifferently<br>for s; and 38 was used for the frequent sequence nd, though it<br>was not clearly related in shape to the dentals.<br>In the Table of Values those on the left are, when separated by<br>\u2014\u2014, the values of the older Angerthas. Those on the right are<br>the values of the Dwarvish Angerthas Moria.<br>1 The Dwarves of<br>Moria, as can be seen, introduced a number of unsystematic<br>changes in value, as well as certain new cirth: 37, 40, 41, 53, 55,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The dislocation in values was due mainly to two causes: (1)<br>the alteration in the values of 34, 35, 54 respectively to h, \u2019 (the<br>clear or glottal beginning of a word with an initial vowel that<br>appeared in Khuzdul), and s;(2) the abandonment of the Nos.<br>14, 16 for which the Dwarves substituted 29, 30. The consequent<br>use of 12 for r, the invention of 53 for n (and its confusion with<br>22); the use of 17 as z, to go with 54 in its value s, and the<br>consequent use of 36 as n and the new certh 37 for ng may also<br>be observed. The new 55, 56 were in origin a halved form of 46,<br>and were used for vowels like those heard in English butter, which<br>were frequent in Dwarvish and in the Westron. When weak or<br>evanescent they were often reduced to a mere stroke without a<br>stem. This Angerthas Moria is represented in the tombinscription.<br>The Dwarves of Erebor used a further modification of this<br>system, known as the mode of Erebor, and exemplified in the<br>1 Those in ( ) are values only found in Elvish use; * marks cirth only<br>used by Dwarves.<br>appendix e 1477<br>Book of Mazarbul. Its chief characteristics were: the use of 43<br>as z; of 17 as ks (x); and the invention of two new cirth, 57, 58<br>for ps and ts. They also reintroduced 14, 16 for the values j, zh;<br>but used 29, 30 for g, gh, or as mere variants of 19, 21. These<br>peculiarities are not included in the table, except for the special<br>Ereborian cirth, 57, 58.<br>the angerthas<br>the angerthas<br>Values<br>APPENDIX F<br>I<br>THE LANGUAGES AND PEOPLES OF<br>THE THIRD AGE<br>The language represented in this history by English was the<br>Westron or \u2018Common Speech\u2019 of the West-lands of Middle-earth<br>in the Third Age. In the course of that age it had become the<br>native language of nearly all the speaking-peoples (save the<br>Elves) who dwelt within the bounds of the old kingdoms of<br>Arnor and Gondor; that is along all the coasts from Umbar<br>northward to the Bay of Forochel, and inland as far as the Misty<br>Mountains and the Ephel Du\u00b4ath. It had also spread north up<br>the Anduin, occupying the lands west of the River and east of<br>the mountains as far as the Gladden Fields.<br>At the time of the War of the Ring at the end of the age these<br>were still its bounds as a native tongue, though large parts of<br>Eriador were now deserted, and few Men dwelt on the shores of<br>the Anduin between the Gladden and Rauros.<br>A few of the ancient Wild Men still lurked in the Dru\u00b4adan<br>Forest in Ano\u00b4rien; and in the hills of Dunland a remnant lingered<br>of an old people, the former inhabitants of much of Gondor.<br>These clung to their own languages; while in the plains of Rohan<br>there dwelt now a Northern people, the Rohirrim, who had come<br>into that land some five hundred years earlier. But the Westron<br>was used as a second language of intercourse by all those who<br>still retained a speech of their own, even by the Elves, not only<br>in Arnor and Gondor but throughout the vales of Anduin, and<br>eastward to the further eaves of Mirkwood. Even among the<br>Wild Men and the Dunlendings who shunned other folk there<br>were some that could speak it, though brokenly.<br>appendix f 1481<br>OF THE ELVES<br>The Elves far back in the Elder Days became divided into two<br>main branches: the West-elves (the Eldar) and the East-elves.<br>Of the latter kind were most of the Elven-folk of Mirkwood and<br>Lo\u00b4rien; but their languages do not appear in this history, in<br>which all the Elvish names and words are of Eldarin form.1<br>Of the Eldarin tongues two are found in this book: the Highelven or Quenya, and the Grey-elven or Sindarin. The Highelven was an ancient tongue of Eldamar beyond the Sea, the first<br>to be recorded in writing. It was no longer a birth-tongue, but<br>had become, as it were, an \u2018Elven-latin\u2019, still used for ceremony,<br>and for high matters of lore and song, by the High Elves, who<br>had returned in exile to Middle-earth at the end of the First<br>Age.<br>The Grey-elven was in origin akin to Quenya; for it was the<br>language of those Eldar who, coming to the shores of Middleearth, had not passed over the Sea but had lingered on the coasts<br>in the country of Beleriand. There Thingol Greycloak of Doriath<br>was their king, and in the long twilight their tongue had changed<br>with the changefulness of mortal lands and had become far<br>estranged from the speech of the Eldar from beyond the Sea.<br>The Exiles, dwelling among the more numerous Grey-elves,<br>had adopted the Sindarin for daily use; and hence it was the<br>tongue of all those Elves and Elf-lords that appear in this history.<br>For these were all of Eldarin race, even where the folk that they<br>ruled were of the lesser kindreds. Noblest of all was the Lady<br>Galadriel of the royal house of Finarfin and sister of Finrod<br>Felagund, King of Nargothrond. In the hearts of the Exiles the<br>yearning for the Sea was an unquiet never to be stilled; in the<br>hearts of the Grey-elves it slumbered, but once awakened it<br>could not be appeased.<br>1 In Lo\u00b4rien at this period Sindarin was spoken, though with an<br>\u2018accent\u2019, since most of its folk were of Silvan origin. This \u2018accent\u2019 and<br>his own limited acquaintance with Sindarin misled Frodo (as is pointed<br>out in The Thain\u2019s Book by a commentator of Gondor). All the Elvish<br>words cited in Book Two chs 6, 7, 8 are in fact Sindarin, and so are<br>most of the names of places and persons. But Lo\u00b4rien, Caras Galadhon,<br>Amroth, Nimrodel are probably of Silvan origin, adapted to Sindarin.<br>1482 the return of the king<br>of men<br>The Westron was a Mannish speech, though enriched and softened under Elvish influence. It was in origin the language of<br>those whom the Eldar called the Atani or Edain, \u2018Fathers of<br>Men\u2019, being especially the people of the Three Houses of the<br>Elf-friends who came west into Beleriand in the First Age, and<br>aided the Eldar in the War of the Great Jewels against the Dark<br>Power of the North.<br>After the overthrow of the Dark Power, in which Beleriand<br>was for the most part drowned or broken, it was granted as a<br>reward to the Elf-friends that they also, as the Eldar, might pass<br>west over Sea. But since the Undying Realm was forbidden to<br>them, a great isle was set apart for them, most westerly of all<br>mortal lands. The name of that isle was Nu\u00b4menor (Westernesse).<br>Most of the Elf-friends, therefore, departed and dwelt in<br>Nu\u00b4menor, and there they became great and powerful, mariners<br>of renown and lords of many ships. They were fair of face and<br>tall, and the span of their lives was thrice that of the Men of<br>Middle-earth. These were the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, the Kings of Men,<br>whom the Elves called the Du\u00b4nedain.<br>The Du\u00b4nedain alone of all races of Men knew and spoke an<br>Elvish tongue; for their forefathers had learned the Sindarin<br>tongue, and this they handed on to their children as a matter of<br>lore, changing little with the passing of the years. And their men<br>of wisdom learned also the High-elven Quenya and esteemed it<br>above all other tongues, and in it they made names for many<br>places of fame and reverence, and for many men of royalty and<br>great renown.1<br>But the native speech of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans remained for the<br>most part their ancestral Mannish tongue, the Adu\u02c6naic, and to<br>this in the latter days of their pride their kings and lords returned,<br>1 Quenya, for example, are the names Nu\u00b4menor (or in full Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4re),<br>and Elendil, Isildur, and Ana\u00b4rion, and all the royal names of Gondor,<br>including Elessar \u2018Elfstone\u2019. Most of the names of the other men and<br>women of the Du\u00b4nedain, such as Aragorn, Denethor, Gilraen are of Sindarin form, being often the names of Elves or Men remembered in the<br>songs and histories of the First Age (as Beren, Hu\u00b4rin). Some few are of<br>mixed forms, as Boromir.<br>appendix f 1483<br>abandoning the Elven-speech, save only those few that held still<br>to their ancient friendship with the Eldar. In the years of their<br>power the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans had maintained many forts and havens<br>upon the western coasts of Middle-earth for the help of their<br>ships; and one of the chief of these was at Pelargir near the<br>Mouths of Anduin. There Adu\u02c6naic was spoken, and mingled<br>with many words of the languages of lesser men it became a<br>Common Speech that spread thence along the coasts among all<br>that had dealings with Westernesse.<br>After the Downfall of Nu\u00b4menor, Elendil led the survivors of<br>the Elf-friends back to the North-western shores of Middleearth. There many already dwelt who were in whole or part of<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean blood; but few of them remembered the Elvish<br>speech. All told the Du\u00b4nedain were thus from the beginning far<br>fewer in number than the lesser men among whom they dwelt<br>and whom they ruled, being lords of long life and great power<br>and wisdom. They used therefore the Common Speech in their<br>dealing with other folk and in the government of their wide<br>realms; but they enlarged the language and enriched it with many<br>words drawn from elven-tongues.<br>In the days of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean kings this ennobled Westron<br>speech spread far and wide, even among their enemies; and it<br>became used more and more by the Du\u00b4nedain themselves, so<br>that at the time of the War of the Ring the elven-tongue was<br>known to only a small part of the peoples of Gondor, and spoken<br>daily by fewer. These dwelt mostly in Minas Tirith and the<br>townlands adjacent, and in the land of the tributary princes of<br>Dol Amroth. Yet the names of nearly all places and persons in<br>the realm of Gondor were of Elvish form and meaning. A few<br>were of forgotten origin, and descended doubtless from the days<br>before the ships of the Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans sailed the Sea; among<br>these were Umbar, Arnach and Erech; and the mountain-names<br>Eilenach and Rimmon. Forlong was also a name of the same sort.<br>Most of the Men of the northern regions of the West-lands<br>were descended from the Edain of the First Age, or from their<br>close kin. Their languages were, therefore, related to the Adu\u02c6naic, and some still preserved a likeness to the Common Speech.<br>Of this kind were the peoples of the upper vales of Anduin: the<br>Beornings, and the Woodmen of Western Mirkwood; and<br>1484 the return of the king<br>further north and east the Men of the Long Lake and of Dale.<br>From the lands between the Gladden and the Carrock came the<br>folk that were known in Gondor as the Rohirrim, Masters of<br>Horses. They still spoke their ancestral tongue, and gave new<br>names in it to nearly all the places in their new country; and they<br>called themselves the Eorlings, or the Men of the Riddermark.<br>But the lords of that people used the Common Speech freely,<br>and spoke it nobly after the manner of their allies in Gondor; for<br>in Gondor whence it came the Westron kept still a more gracious<br>and antique style.<br>Wholly alien was the speech of the Wild Men of Dru\u00b4adan<br>Forest. Alien, too, or only remotely akin, was the language of the<br>Dunlendings. These were a remnant of the peoples that had<br>dwelt in the vales of the White Mountains in ages past. The<br>Dead Men of Dunharrow were of their kin. But in the Dark<br>Years others had removed to the southern dales of the Misty<br>Mountains; and thence some had passed into the empty lands<br>as far north as the Barrow-downs. From them came the Men of<br>Bree; but long before these had become subjects of the North<br>Kingdom of Arnor and had taken up the Westron tongue. Only<br>in Dunland did Men of this race hold to their old speech and<br>manners: a secret folk, unfriendly to the Du\u00b4nedain, hating the<br>Rohirrim.<br>Of their language nothing appears in this book, save the name<br>Forgoil which they gave to the Rohirrim (meaning Strawheads,<br>it is said). Dunland and Dunlending are the names that the Rohirrim gave to them, because they were swarthy and dark-haired;<br>there is thus no connexion between the word dunn in these<br>names and the Grey-elven word Du\u02c6n \u2018west\u2019.<br>of hobbits<br>The Hobbits of the Shire and of Bree had at this time, for<br>probably a thousand years, adopted the Common Speech. They<br>used it in their own manner freely and carelessly; though the<br>more learned among them had still at their command a more<br>formal language when occasion required.<br>There is no record of any language peculiar to Hobbits. In<br>ancient days they seem always to have used the languages of<br>appendix f 1485<br>Men near whom, or among whom, they lived. Thus they quickly<br>adopted the Common Speech after they entered Eriador, and<br>by the time of their settlement at Bree they had already begun<br>to forget their former tongue. This was evidently a Mannish<br>language of the upper Anduin, akin to that of the Rohirrim;<br>though the southern Stoors appear to have adopted a language<br>related to Dunlendish before they came north to the Shire.1<br>Of these things in the time of Frodo there were still some<br>traces left in local words and names, many of which closely<br>resembled those found in Dale or in Rohan. Most notable were<br>the names of days, months, and seasons; several other words of<br>the same sort (such as mathom and smial) were also still in<br>common use, while more were preserved in the place-names of<br>Bree and the Shire. The personal names of the Hobbits were<br>also peculiar and many had come down from ancient days.<br>Hobbit was the name usually applied by the Shire-folk to all<br>their kind. Men called them Halflings and the Elves Periannath.<br>The origin of the word hobbit was by most forgotten. It seems,<br>however, to have been at first a name given to the Harfoots by<br>the Fallohides and Stoors, and to be a worn-down form of a<br>word preserved more fully in Rohan: holbytla \u2018hole-builder\u2019.<br>of other races<br>Ents. The most ancient people surviving in the Third Age were<br>the Onodrim or Enyd. Ent was the form of their name in the<br>language of Rohan. They were known to the Eldar in ancient<br>days, and to the Eldar indeed the Ents ascribed not their own<br>language but the desire for speech. The language that they had<br>made was unlike all others: slow, sonorous, agglomerated, repetitive, indeed long-winded; formed of a multiplicity of vowelshades and distinctions of tone and quality which even the<br>lore-masters of the Eldar had not attempted to represent in writing. They used it only among themselves; but they had no need<br>to keep it secret, for no others could learn it.<br>1 The Stoors of the Angle, who returned to Wilderland, had already<br>adopted the Common Speech; but De\u00b4agol and Sme\u00b4agol are names in the<br>Mannish language of the region near the Gladden.<br>1486 the return of the king<br>Ents were, however, themselves skilled in tongues, learning<br>them swiftly and never forgetting them. But they preferred the<br>languages of the Eldar, and loved best the ancient High-elven<br>tongue. The strange words and names that the Hobbits record<br>as used by Treebeard and other Ents are thus Elvish, or fragments of Elf-speech strung together in Ent-fashion.1 Some are<br>Quenya: as Taurelilo\u00b4me\u00a8a-tumbalemorna Tumbaletaure\u00a8a Lo\u00b4me\u00a8anor,<br>which may be rendered \u2018Forestmanyshadowed-deepvalleyblack<br>Deepvalleyforested Gloomyland\u2019, and by which Treebeard<br>meant, more or less: \u2018there is a black shadow in the deep dales<br>of the forest\u2019. Some are Sindarin: as Fangorn \u2018beard-(of )-tree\u2019,<br>or Fimbrethil \u2018slender-beech\u2019.<br>Orcs and the Black Speech. Orc is the form of the name that other<br>races had for this foul people as it was in the language of Rohan.<br>In Sindarin it was orch. Related, no doubt, was the word uruk of<br>the Black Speech, though this was applied as a rule only to<br>the great soldier-orcs that at this time issued from Mordor and<br>Isengard. The lesser kinds were called, especially by the Urukhai, snaga \u2018slave\u2019.<br>The Orcs were first bred by the Dark Power of the North in<br>the Elder Days. It is said that they had no language of their own,<br>but took what they could of other tongues and perverted it to<br>their own liking; yet they made only brutal jargons, scarcely<br>sufficient even for their own needs, unless it were for curses and<br>abuse. And these creatures, being filled with malice, hating even<br>their own kind, quickly developed as many barbarous dialects as<br>there were groups or settlements of their race, so that their Orkish<br>speech was of little use to them in intercourse between different<br>tribes.<br>So it was that in the Third Age Orcs used for communication<br>between breed and breed the Westron tongue; and many indeed<br>of the older tribes, such as those that still lingered in the North<br>1 Except where the Hobbits seem to have made some attempts to<br>represent shorter murmurs and calls made by the Ents; a-lalla-lallarumba-kamanda-lindor-buru\u00b4me also is not Elvish, and is the only extant<br>(probably very inaccurate) attempt to represent a fragment of actual<br>Entish.<br>appendix f 1487<br>and in the Misty Mountains, had long used the Westron as their<br>native language, though in such a fashion as to make it hardly<br>less unlovely than Orkish. In this jargon tark, \u2018man of Gondor\u2019,<br>was a debased form of tarkil, a Quenya word used in Westron<br>for one of Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean descent; see p. 1185.<br>It is said that the Black Speech was devised by Sauron in the<br>Dark Years, and that he had desired to make it the language of<br>all those that served him, but he failed in that purpose. From the<br>Black Speech, however, were derived many of the words that<br>were in the Third Age wide-spread among the Orcs, such as<br>gha\u02c6sh \u2018fire\u2019, but after the first overthrow of Sauron this language<br>in its ancient form was forgotten by all but the Nazgu\u02c6l. When<br>Sauron arose again, it became once more the language of Baraddu\u02c6r and of the captains of Mordor. The inscription on the Ring<br>was in the ancient Black Speech, while the curse of the Mordororc on p. 579 was in the more debased form used by the soldiers<br>of the Dark Tower, of whom Grishna\u00b4kh was the captain. Sharku\u02c6<br>in that tongue means old man.<br>Trolls. Troll has been used to translate the Sindarin Torog. In<br>their beginning far back in the twilight of the Elder Days, these<br>were creatures of dull and lumpish nature and had no more<br>language than beasts. But Sauron had made use of them, teaching them what little they could learn and increasing their wits<br>with wickedness. Trolls therefore took such language as they<br>could master from the Orcs; and in the Westlands the Stonetrolls spoke a debased form of the Common Speech.<br>But at the end of the Third Age a troll-race not before seen<br>appeared in southern Mirkwood and in the mountain borders of<br>Mordor. Olog-hai they were called in the Black Speech. That<br>Sauron bred them none doubted, though from what stock was<br>not known. Some held that they were not Trolls but giant Orcs;<br>but the Olog-hai were in fashion of body and mind quite unlike<br>even the largest of Orc-kind, whom they far surpassed in size<br>and power. Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their<br>master: a fell race, strong, agile, fierce and cunning, but harder<br>than stone. Unlike the older race of the Twilight they could<br>endure the Sun, so long as the will of Sauron held sway over<br>1488 the return of the king<br>them. They spoke little, and the only tongue that they knew was<br>the Black Speech of Barad-du\u02c6r.<br>Dwarves. The Dwarves are a race apart. Of their strange beginning, and why they are both like and unlike Elves and Men, the<br>Silmarillion tells; but of this tale the lesser Elves of Middle-earth<br>had no knowledge, while the tales of later Men are confused with<br>memories of other races.<br>They are a tough, thrawn race for the most part, secretive,<br>laborious, retentive of the memory of injuries (and of benefits),<br>lovers of stone, of gems, of things that take shape under the<br>hands of the craftsman rather than things that live by their own<br>life. But they are not evil by nature, and few ever served the<br>Enemy of free will, whatever the tales of Men may have alleged.<br>For Men of old lusted after their wealth and the work of their<br>hands, and there has been enmity between the races.<br>But in the Third Age close friendship still was found in many<br>places between Men and Dwarves; and it was according to the<br>nature of the Dwarves that, travelling and labouring and trading<br>about the lands, as they did after the destruction of their ancient<br>mansions, they should use the languages of Men among whom<br>they dwelt. Yet in secret (a secret which unlike the Elves, they<br>did not willingly unlock, even to their friends) they used their<br>own strange tongue, changed little by the years; for it had become<br>a tongue of lore rather than a cradle-speech, and they tended it<br>and guarded it as a treasure of the past. Few of other race have<br>succeeded in learning it. In this history it appears only in such<br>place-names as Gimli revealed to his companions; and in the<br>battle-cry which he uttered in the siege of the Hornburg. That<br>at least was not secret, and had been heard on many a field since<br>the world was young. Baruk Khaza\u02c6d! Khaza\u02c6d ai-me\u02c6nu! \u2018Axes of<br>the Dwarves! The Dwarves are upon you!\u2019<br>Gimli\u2019s own name, however, and the names of all his kin, are<br>of Northern (Mannish) origin. Their own secret and \u2018inner\u2019<br>names, their true names, the Dwarves have never revealed to<br>anyone of alien race. Not even on their tombs do they inscribe<br>them.<br>appendix f 1489<br>II<br>ON TRANSLATION<br>In presenting the matter of the Red Book, as a history for people<br>of today to read, the whole of the linguistic setting has been<br>translated as far as possible into terms of our own times. Only<br>the languages alien to the Common Speech have been left in<br>their original form; but these appear mainly in the names of<br>persons and places.<br>The Common Speech, as the language of the Hobbits and<br>their narratives, has inevitably been turned into modern English.<br>In the process the difference between the varieties observable in<br>the use of the Westron has been lessened. Some attempt has<br>been made to represent varieties by variations in the kind of<br>English used; but the divergence between the pronunciation and<br>idiom of the Shire and the Westron tongue in the mouths of the<br>Elves or of the high men of Gondor was greater than has been<br>shown in this book. Hobbits indeed spoke for the most part a<br>rustic dialect, whereas in Gondor and Rohan a more antique<br>language was used, more formal and more terse.<br>One point in the divergence may here be noted, since, though<br>important, it has proved impossible to represent. The Westron<br>tongue made in the pronouns of the second person (and often<br>also in those of the third) a distinction, independent of number,<br>between \u2018familiar\u2019 and \u2018deferential\u2019 forms. It was, however, one<br>of the peculiarities of Shire-usage that the deferential forms had<br>gone out of colloquial use. They lingered only among the villagers, especially of the Westfarthing, who used them as endearments. This was one of the things referred to when people of<br>Gondor spoke of the strangeness of Hobbit-speech. Peregrin<br>Took, for instance, in his first few days in Minas Tirith used the<br>familiar for people of all ranks, including the Lord Denethor<br>himself. This may have amused the aged Steward, but it must<br>have astonished his servants. No doubt this free use of the<br>familiar forms helped to spread the popular rumour that Peregrin<br>was a person of very high rank in his own country.1<br>1 In one or two places an attempt has been made to hint at these<br>distinctions by an inconsistent use of thou. Since this pronoun is now<br>unusual and archaic it is employed mainly to represent the use of<br>1490 the return of the king<br>It will be noticed that Hobbits such as Frodo, and other<br>persons such as Gandalf and Aragorn, do not always use the<br>same style. This is intentional. The more learned and able among<br>the Hobbits had some knowledge of \u2018book-language\u2019, as it was<br>termed in the Shire; and they were quick to note and adopt the<br>style of those whom they met. It was in any case natural for<br>much-travelled folk to speak more or less after the manner of<br>those among whom they found themselves, especially in the case<br>of men who, like Aragorn, were often at pains to conceal their<br>origin and their business. Yet in those days all the enemies of<br>the Enemy revered what was ancient, in language no less than<br>in other matters, and they took pleasure in it according to their<br>knowledge. The Eldar, being above all skilled in words, had the<br>command of many styles, though they spoke most naturally in a<br>manner nearest to their own speech, one even more antique than<br>that of Gondor. The Dwarves, too, spoke with skill, readily<br>adapting themselves to their company, though their utterance<br>seemed to some rather harsh and guttural. But Orcs and Trolls<br>spoke as they would, without love of words or things; and their<br>language was actually more degraded and filthy than I have<br>shown it. I do not suppose that any will wish for a closer rendering, though models are easy to find. Much the same sort of talk<br>can still be heard among the orc-minded; dreary and repetitive<br>with hatred and contempt, too long removed from good to retain<br>even verbal vigour, save in the ears of those to whom only the<br>squalid sounds strong.<br>Translation of this kind is, of course, usual because inevitable<br>in any narrative dealing with the past. It seldom proceeds any<br>further. But I have gone beyond it. I have also translated all<br>Westron names according to their senses. When English names<br>or titles appear in this book it is an indication that names in the<br>Common Speech were current at the time, beside, or instead of,<br>those in alien (usually Elvish) languages.<br>The Westron names were as a rule translations of older names:<br>ceremonious language; but a change from you to thou, thee is sometimes<br>meant to show, there being no other means of doing this, a significant<br>change from the deferential, or between men and women normal, forms<br>to the familiar.<br>appendix f 1491<br>as Rivendell, Hoarwell, Silverlode, Langstrand, The Enemy, the<br>Dark Tower. Some differed in meaning: as Mount Doom for<br>Orodruin \u2018burning mountain\u2019, or Mirkwood for Taur e-Ndaedelos<br>\u2018forest of the great fear\u2019. A few were alterations of Elvish names:<br>as Lune and Brandywine derived from Lhu\u02c6n and Baranduin.<br>This procedure perhaps needs some defence. It seemed to me<br>that to present all the names in their original forms would obscure<br>an essential feature of the times as perceived by the Hobbits<br>(whose point of view I was mainly concerned to preserve): the<br>contrast between a wide-spread language, to them as ordinary<br>and habitual as English is to us, and the living remains of far<br>older and more reverend tongues. All names if merely transcribed would seem to modern readers equally remote: for<br>instance, if the Elvish name Imladris and the Westron translation<br>Karningul had both been left unchanged. But to refer to Rivendell as Imladris was as if one now was to speak of Winchester as<br>Camelot, except that the identity was certain, while in Rivendell<br>there still dwelt a lord of renown far older than Arthur would<br>be, were he still king at Winchester today.<br>The name of the Shire (Su\u02c6za) and all other places of the Hobbits<br>have thus been Englished. This was seldom difficult, since such<br>names were commonly made up of elements similar to those used<br>in our simpler English place-names; either words still current like<br>hill or field; or a little worn down like ton beside town. But some<br>were derived, as already noted, from old hobbit-words no longer<br>in use, and these have been represented by similar English things,<br>such as wich, or bottle \u2018dwelling\u2019, or michel \u2018great\u2019.<br>In the case of persons, however, Hobbit-names in the Shire<br>and in Bree were for those days peculiar, notably in the habit<br>that had grown up, some centuries before this time, of having<br>inherited names for families. Most of these surnames had obvious meanings (in the current language being derived from jesting<br>nicknames, or from place-names, or \u2013 especially in Bree \u2013 from<br>the names of plants and trees). Translation of these presented<br>little difficulty; but there remained one or two older names of<br>forgotten meaning, and these I have been content to anglicize in<br>spelling: as Took for Tu\u02c6k, or Boffin for Boph\u0131\u02c6n.<br>I have treated Hobbit first-names, as far as possible, in the<br>same way. To their maid-children Hobbits commonly gave the<br>1492 the return of the king<br>names of flowers or jewels. To their man-children they usually<br>gave names that had no meaning at all in their daily language;<br>and some of their women\u2019s names were similar. Of this kind are<br>Bilbo, Bungo, Polo, Lotho, Tanta, Nina, and so on. There are<br>many inevitable but accidental resemblances to names we now<br>have or know: for instance Otho, Odo, Drogo, Dora, Cora, and<br>the like. These names I have retained, though I have usually<br>anglicized them by altering their endings, since in Hobbit-names<br>a was a masculine ending, and o and e were feminine.<br>In some old families, especially those of Fallohide origin such<br>as the Tooks and the Bolgers, it was, however, the custom to<br>give high-sounding first-names. Since most of these seem to<br>have been drawn from legends of the past, of Men as well as of<br>Hobbits, and many while now meaningless to Hobbits closely<br>resembled the names of Men in the Vale of Anduin, or in Dale,<br>or in the Mark, I have turned them into those old names, largely<br>of Frankish and Gothic origin, that are still used by us or are<br>met in our histories. I have thus at any rate preserved the often<br>comic contrast between the first-names and surnames, of which<br>the Hobbits themselves were well aware. Names of classical<br>origin have rarely been used; for the nearest equivalents to Latin<br>and Greek in Shire-lore were the Elvish tongues, and these the<br>Hobbits seldom used in nomenclature. Few of them at any time<br>knew the \u2018languages of the kings\u2019, as they called them.<br>The names of the Bucklanders were different from those of<br>the rest of the Shire. The folk of the Marish and their offshoot<br>across the Brandywine were in many ways peculiar, as has been<br>told. It was from the former language of the southern Stoors, no<br>doubt, that they inherited many of their very odd names. These<br>I have usually left unaltered, for if queer now, they were queer<br>in their own day. They had a style that we should perhaps feel<br>vaguely to be \u2018Celtic\u2019.<br>Since the survival of traces of the older language of the Stoors<br>and the Bree-men resembled the survival of Celtic elements in<br>England, I have sometimes imitated the latter in my translation.<br>Thus Bree, Combe (Coomb), Archet, and Chetwood are modelled on relics of British nomenclature, chosen according to<br>sense: bree \u2018hill\u2019 chet \u2018wood\u2019. But only one personal name has<br>been altered in this way. Meriadoc was chosen to fit the fact that<br>appendix f 1493<br>this character\u2019s shortened name, Kali, meant in the Westron<br>\u2018jolly, gay\u2019, though it was actually an abbreviation of the now<br>unmeaning Buckland name Kalimac.<br>I have not used names of Hebraic or similar origin in my<br>transpositions. Nothing in Hobbit-names corresponds to this<br>element in our names. Short names such as Sam, Tom, Tim,<br>Mat were common as abbreviations of actual Hobbit-names, such<br>as Tomba, Tolma, Matta, and the like. But Sam and his father<br>Ham were really called Ban and Ran. These were shortenings of<br>Banaz\u0131\u02c6r and Ranugad, originally nicknames, meaning \u2018halfwise,<br>simple\u2019 and \u2018stay-at-home\u2019; but being words that had fallen out<br>of colloquial use they remained as traditional names in certain<br>families. I have therefore tried to preserve these features by using<br>Samwise and Hamfast, modernizations of ancient English samw\u0131\u00b4s<br>and ha\u00b4mf\u00e6st which corresponded closely in meaning.<br>Having gone so far in my attempt to modernize and make<br>familiar the language and names of Hobbits, I found myself<br>involved in a further process. The Mannish languages that were<br>related to the Westron should, it seemed to me, be turned into<br>forms related to English. The language of Rohan I have accordingly made to resemble ancient English, since it was related both<br>(more distantly) to the Common Speech, and (very closely) to<br>the former tongue of the northern Hobbits, and was in comparison with the Westron archaic. In the Red Book it is noted in<br>several places that when Hobbits heard the speech of Rohan<br>they recognized many words and felt the language to be akin to<br>their own, so that it seemed absurd to leave the recorded names<br>and words of the Rohirrim in a wholly alien style.<br>In several cases I have modernized the forms and spellings of<br>place-names in Rohan: as in Dunharrow or Snowbourn; but I have<br>not been consistent, for I have followed the Hobbits. They altered<br>the names that they heard in the same way, if they were made of<br>elements that they recognized, or if they resembled place-names<br>in the Shire; but many they left alone, as I have done, for instance,<br>in Edoras \u2018the courts\u2019. For the same reasons a few personal names<br>have also been modernized, as Shadowfax and Wormtongue.1<br>1 This linguistic procedure does not imply that the Rohirrim closely<br>resembled the ancient English otherwise, in culture or art, in weapons<br>1494 the return of the king<br>This assimilation also provided a convenient way of representing the peculiar local hobbit-words that were of northern<br>origin. They have been given the forms that lost English words<br>might well have had, if they had come down to our day. Thus<br>mathom is meant to recall ancient English ma\u00b4thm, and so to<br>represent the relationship of the actual Hobbit kast to R. kastu.<br>Similarly smial (or smile) \u2018burrow\u2019 is a likely form for a descendant of smygel, and represents well the relationship of Hobbit tra\u02c6n<br>to R. trahan. Sme\u00b4agol and De\u00b4agol are equivalents made up in the<br>same way for the names Trahald \u2018burrowing, worming in\u2019, and<br>Nahald \u2018secret\u2019 in the Northern tongues.<br>The still more northerly language of Dale is in this book seen<br>only in the names of the Dwarves that came from that region<br>and so used the language of the Men there, taking their \u2018outer\u2019<br>names in that tongue. It may be observed that in this book as in<br>The Hobbit the form dwarves is used, although the dictionaries<br>tell us that the plural of dwarf is dwarfs. It should be dwarrows<br>(or dwerrows), if singular and plural had each gone its own way<br>down the years, as have man and men, or goose and geese. But we<br>no longer speak of a dwarf as often as we do of a man, or even<br>of a goose, and memories have not been fresh enough among<br>Men to keep hold of a special plural for a race now abandoned<br>to folk-tales, where at least a shadow of truth is preserved, or at<br>last to nonsense-stories in which they have become mere figures<br>of fun. But in the Third Age something of their old character<br>and power is still glimpsed, if already a little dimmed; these are<br>the descendants of the Naugrim of the Elder Days, in whose<br>hearts still burns the ancient fire of Aule\u00a8 the Smith, and the<br>embers smoulder of their long grudge against the Elves; and in<br>whose hands still lives the skill in work of stone that none have<br>surpassed.<br>It is to mark this that I have ventured to use the form dwarves,<br>and remove them a little, perhaps, from the sillier tales of these<br>latter days. Dwarrows would have been better; but I have used<br>or modes of warfare, except in a general way due to their circumstances:<br>a simpler and more primitive people living in contact with a higher and<br>more venerable culture, and occupying lands that had once been part of<br>its domain.<br>appendix f 1495<br>that form only in the name Dwarrowdelf, to represent the name<br>of Moria in the Common Speech: Phurunargian. For that meant<br>\u2018Dwarf-delving\u2019 and yet was already a word of antique form. But<br>Moria is an Elvish name, and given without love; for the Eldar,<br>though they might at need, in their bitter wars with the Dark<br>Power and his servants, contrive fortresses underground, were<br>not dwellers in such places of choice. They were lovers of the<br>green earth and the lights of heaven; and Moria in their tongue<br>means the Black Chasm. But the Dwarves themselves, and this<br>name at least was never kept secret, called it Khazad-du\u02c6m, the<br>Mansion of the Khaza\u02c6d; for such is their own name for their<br>own race, and has been so, since Aule\u00a8 gave it to them at their<br>making in the deeps of time.<br>Elves has been used to translate both Quendi, \u2018the speakers\u2019,<br>the High-elven name of all their kind, and Eldar, the name of<br>the Three Kindreds that sought for the Undying Realm and<br>came there at the beginning of Days (save the Sindar only). This<br>old word was indeed the only one available, and was once fitted<br>to apply to such memories of this people as Men preserved, or<br>to the makings of Men\u2019s minds not wholly dissimilar. But it has<br>been diminished, and to many it may now suggest fancies either<br>pretty or silly, as unlike to the Quendi of old as are butterflies to<br>the swift falcon \u2013 not that any of the Quendi ever possessed<br>wings of the body, as unnatural to them as to Men. They were<br>a race high and beautiful, the older Children of the world, and<br>among them the Eldar were as kings, who now are gone: the<br>People of the Great Journey, the People of the Stars. They were<br>tall, fair of skin and grey-eyed, though their locks were dark, save<br>in the golden house of Finarfin;1 and their voices had more<br>melodies than any mortal voice that now is heard. They were<br>valiant, but the history of those that returned to Middle-earth in<br>exile was grievous; and though it was in far-off days crossed by<br>the fate of the Fathers, their fate is not that of Men. Their<br>dominion passed long ago, and they dwell now beyond the circles<br>of the world, and do not return.<br>1 [These words describing characters of face and hair in fact applied<br>only to the Noldor: see The Book of Lost Tales, Part One, p. 44.]<br>1496 the return of the king<br>Note on three names: Hobbit, Gamgee, and Brandywine.<br>Hobbit is an invention. In the Westron the word used, when this people<br>was referred to at all, was banakil \u2018halfling\u2019. But at this date the folk of the<br>Shire and of Bree used the word kuduk, which was not found elsewhere.<br>Meriadoc, however, actually records that the King of Rohan used the<br>word ku\u02c6d-du\u02c6kan \u2018hole-dweller\u2019. Since, as has been noted, the Hobbits<br>had once spoken a language closely related to that of the Rohirrim, it<br>seems likely that kuduk was a worn-down form of ku\u02c6d-du\u02c6kan. The latter<br>I have translated, for reasons explained, by holbytla; and hobbit provides<br>a word that might well be a worn-down form of holbytla, if that name<br>had occurred in our own ancient language.<br>Gamgee. According to family tradition, set out in the Red Book, the<br>surname Galbasi, or in reduced form Galpsi, came from the village of<br>Galabas, popularly supposed to be derived from galab- \u2018game\u2019 and an<br>old element bas-, more or less equivalent to our wick, wich. Gamwich<br>(pronounced Gammidge) seemed therefore a very fair rendering. However, in reducing Gammidgy to Gamgee, to represent Galpsi, no reference<br>was intended to the connexion of Samwise with the family of Cotton,<br>though a jest of that kind would have been hobbit-like enough, had there<br>been any warrant in their language.<br>Cotton, in fact, represents Hlothran, a fairly common village-name in<br>the Shire, derived from hloth, \u2018a two-roomed dwelling or hole\u2019, and<br>ran(u) a small group of such dwellings on a hill-side. As a surname it<br>may be an alteration of hlothram(a) \u2018cottager\u2019. Hlothram, which I have<br>rendered Cotman, was the name of Farmer Cotton\u2019s grandfather.<br>Brandywine. The hobbit-names of this river were alterations of the Elvish<br>Baranduin (accented on and), derived from baran \u2018golden brown\u2019 and<br>duin \u2018(large) river\u2019. Of Baranduin Brandywine seemed a natural corruption in modern times. Actually the older hobbit-name was Branda-n\u0131\u02c6n<br>\u2018border-water\u2019, which would have been more closely rendered by Marchbourn; but by a jest that had become habitual, referring again to its<br>colour, at this time the river was usually called Bralda-h\u0131\u02c6m \u2018heady ale\u2019.<br>It must be observed, however, that when the Oldbucks (Zaragamba)<br>changed their name to Brandybuck (Brandagamba), the first element<br>meant \u2018borderland\u2019, and Marchbuck would have been nearer. Only a<br>very bold hobbit would have ventured to call the Master of Buckland<br>Braldagamba in his hearing.<br>INDEX<br>Compiled by Christina Scull &amp; Wayne G. Hammond<br>This list has been compiled independent of that prepared by<br>Nancy Smith and revised by J.R.R. Tolkien for the second edition (1965) of The Lord of the Rings and augmented in later<br>printings; but for the final result reference has been made to the<br>earlier index in order to resolve questions of content and to<br>preserve Tolkien\u2019s occasional added notes and \u2018translations\u2019<br>[here indicated within square brackets]. We have also referred<br>to the index that Tolkien himself began to prepare during 1954,<br>but which he left unfinished after dealing only with place-names.<br>He had intended, as he said in his original foreword to The Lord<br>of the Rings, to provide \u2018an index of names and strange words<br>with some explanations\u2019; but it soon became clear that such a<br>work would be too long and costly, easily a short volume unto<br>itself. (Tolkien\u2019s manuscript list of place-names informed his<br>son Christopher\u2019s indexes in The Silmarillion and Unfinished<br>Tales, and is referred to also in the present authors\u2019 The Lord of<br>the Rings: A Reader\u2019s Companion.)<br>Readers have long complained that the original index is too<br>brief and fragmented for serious use. In the present work<br>citations are given more comprehensively for names of persons,<br>places, and things, and unusual (invented) words, mentioned or<br>alluded to in the text (i.e. excluding the maps); and there is a<br>single main sequence of entries, now preceded by a list of poems<br>and songs by first line and a list of poems and phrases in languages other than English (Common Speech). Nonetheless,<br>although this new index is greatly enlarged compared with its<br>predecessor, some constraints on its length were necessary so<br>that it might fit comfortably after the Appendices. Thus it has<br>not been possible to index separately or to cross-reference every<br>variation of every name in The Lord of the Rings (of which there<br>are thousands), and we have had to be particularly selective<br>The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which<br>it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of<br>your e-book reader.<br>Ere iron was found or was hewn<br>709<br>Faithful servant yet master\u2019s<br>bane 1106<br>Farewell we call to hearth and<br>hall! 138\u20139<br>From dark Dunharrow in the<br>dim morning 1051<br>Get out, you old Wight! Vanish<br>in the sunlight! 186<br>Gil-galad was an Elven-king<br>242<br>Gondor! Gondor, between the<br>Mountains and the Sea!<br>549<br>Grey as a mouse 844\u20135<br>Hey! Come derry dol! Hop<br>along, my hearties! 160<br>Hey! Come merry dol! derry dol!<br>My darling! 156<br>Hey dol! merry dol! ring a dong<br>dillo! 156<br>1498 the return of the king<br>when indexing Appendices D through F, concentrating on those<br>names or terms that feature in the main text, and when subdividing entries by aspect.<br>Primary entry elements have been chosen usually according<br>to predominance in The Lord of the Rings, but sometimes based<br>on familiarity or ease of reference: thus (for instance) predominant Nazgu\u02c6l rather than Ringwraiths or even less frequent Black<br>Riders, and predominant and familiar Treebeard rather than Fangorn, with cross-references from (as they seem to us) the most<br>important alternate terms. Names of bays, bridges, fords, gates,<br>towers, vales, etc. including \u2018Bay\u2019, \u2018Bridge\u2019, etc. are entered usually under the principal element, e.g. Belfalas, Bay of rather than<br>Bay of Belfalas. Names of battles and mountains are entered<br>directly, e.g. Battle of Bywater, Mount Doom. With one exception<br>(Rose Cotton), married female hobbits are indexed under the<br>husband\u2019s surname, with selective cross-references from maiden<br>names.<br>I. Poems and Songs<br>A Elbereth Gilthoniel 309<br>A Elbereth Gilthoniel (another<br>poem) 954<br>A! Elbereth Gilthoniel! 1345<br>Ai! laurie\u00a8 lantar lassi su\u00b4rinen! 492<br>Alive without breath 811<br>All that is gold does not glitter<br>222, 322<br>Arise, arise, Riders of The\u00b4oden!<br>1096<br>Arise now, arise, Riders of<br>The\u00b4oden! 675<br>Cold be hand and heart and<br>bone 184<br>Cold hard lands, The 810\u201311<br>Ea\u00a8rendil was a mariner 304\u20138<br>Elven-maid there was of old, An<br>442\u20133<br>Ents the earthborn, old as<br>mountains 765<br>Out of doubt, out of dark to the<br>day\u2019s rising 1109<br>Out of doubt, out of dark, to the<br>day\u2019s rising 1278<br>Over the land there lies a long<br>shadow 1023<br>Road goes ever on and on, The<br>(three poems) 46\u20137, 96,<br>1293<br>Seek for the Sword that was<br>broken 320<br>Silver flow the streams from<br>Celos to Erui 1145<br>Sing hey! for the bath at close of<br>day 132<br>Sing now, ye people of the<br>Tower of Anor 1262<br>Snow-white! Snow-white! O<br>Lady clear! 104<br>Still round the corner there may<br>wait 1345<br>Tall ships and tall kings 779<br>There is an inn, a merry old inn<br>207\u20139<br>Three Rings for the Elven-kings<br>under the sky 66<br>Through Rohan over fen and<br>field where the long grass<br>grows 543\u20134<br>To Isengard! Though Isengard<br>be ringed and barred with<br>doors of stone 632<br>To the Sea, to the Sea! The<br>white gulls are crying<br>1252\u20133<br>Tom\u2019s country ends here: he<br>will not pass the borders<br>193<br>Troll sat alone on his seat of<br>stone 270\u20131<br>Upon the hearth the fire is red<br>101\u20132<br>index 1499<br>Hey! now! Come hoy now!<br>Whither do you wander?<br>188<br>Ho! Ho! Ho! to the bottle I go<br>118<br>Ho! Tom Bombadil, Tom<br>Bombadillo! 175, 185<br>Hop along, my little friends, up<br>the Withywindle! 158<br>I had an errand there: gathering<br>water-lilies 165<br>I sang of leaves, of leaves of<br>gold, and leaves of gold<br>there grew 485<br>I sit beside the fire and think<br>362\u20133<br>In Dwimordene, in Lo\u00b4rien 671<br>In the willow-meads of<br>Tasarinan I walked in the<br>Spring 610\u201311<br>In western lands beneath the<br>Sun 1188\u20139<br>Learn now the lore of Living<br>Creatures! 604\u20135<br>Leaves were long, the grass was<br>green, The 250\u20132<br>Legolas Greenleaf long under<br>tree 656<br>Long live the Halflings! Praise<br>them with great praise! 1248<br>Mourn not overmuch! Mighty<br>was the fallen 1104<br>Now let the song begin! Let us<br>sing together 160<br>O Orofarne\u00a8, Lassemista,<br>Carnim\u0131\u00b4rie\u00a8! 630<br>O slender as a willow-wand! O<br>clearer than clear water! 162<br>O! Wanderers in the shadowed<br>land 147<br>Old Tom Bombadil is a merry<br>fellow 162, 185<br>Ai na vedui Du\u00b4nadan! Mae<br>govannen! 273<br>Aiya Ea\u00a8rendil Elenion Ancalima!<br>942<br>Aiyaelenion ancalima! 1197<br>Annon edhellen, edro hi ammen!<br>\u2026 400<br>Arwen vanimelda, nama\u00b4rie\u00a8! 458<br>Ash nazg durbatulu\u02c6k\u2026 331<br>Baruk Khaza\u02c6d! Khaza\u02c6d ai-me\u02c6nu!<br>697, 1488<br>Conin en Annu\u02c6n! Eglerio! 1248<br>Cormacolindor, a laita ta\u00b4rienna!<br>1248<br>Cuio i Pheriain anann! Aglar\u2019ni<br>Pheriannath! 1248<br>Daur a Berhael, Conin en<br>Annu\u02c6n! Eglerio! 1248<br>Elen s\u0131\u00b4la lu\u00b4menn\u2019 omentielvo<br>105<br>Ennyn Durin Aran Moria 398<br>Ernil i Pheriannath 1005<br>Et Ea\u00a8rello Endorenna utu\u00b4lien . . .<br>1268<br>Ferthu The\u00b4oden ha\u00b4l! 682<br>Galadhremmin ennorath 1464<br>(cf. 309)<br>Gilthoniel, A Elbereth! 954,<br>1197<br>Khaza\u02c6d ai-me\u02c6nu! 697<br>Laurelindo\u00b4renan lindelorendor<br>malinorne\u00b4lion ornemalin<br>608<br>Naur an edraith ammen! 378,<br>389<br>Naur dan i ngaurhoth! 389<br>Noro lim, noro lim, Asfaloth!<br>278<br>O Orofarne\u00a8, Lassemista,<br>Carnim\u0131\u00b4rie\u00a8! 630, 631<br>O\u00b4 nen i-Estel Edain, u\u00b4-chebin<br>estel anim 1392<br>1500 the return of the king<br>Wake now my merry lads! Wake<br>and hear me calling! 187<br>We come, we come with horn<br>and drum: ta-runa runa<br>runa rom! 631<br>We come, we come with roll of<br>drum: ta-runda runda<br>runda rom! 631<br>We heard of the horns in the<br>hills ringing 1111\u201312<br>When evening in the Shire was<br>grey 467\u20138<br>When spring unfolds the<br>beechen leaf, and sap is in<br>the bough 621\u20132<br>When the black breath blows<br>1132<br>When winter first begins to bite<br>355<br>Where now are the Du\u00b4nedain,<br>Elessar, Elessar? 656<br>Where now the horse and the<br>rider? Where is the horn<br>that was blowing? 656<br>World was young, the<br>mountains green, The<br>411\u201313<br>II. Poems and Phrases in<br>Languages Other Than<br>Common Speech<br>A Elbereth Gilthoniel . . .<br>(variants) 309, 954<br>A! Elbereth Gilthoniel! . . .<br>1345<br>A laita te, laita te! Andava<br>laituvalmet! 1248<br>A-lalla-lalla-rumba-kamandalind-or-buru\u00b4me\u00a8 606<br>Ai! laurie\u00a8 lantar lassi su\u00b4rinen . . .<br>492<br>Amon D\u0131\u02c6n (D\u0131\u02c6n) 978, 1087,<br>1089, 1090, 1091, 1274,<br>1277<br>Amon Hen (Hill of Sight, Hill of<br>the Eye) 508, 513, 515\u201316,<br>517, 521\u20132, 524, 528, 544,<br>836, 841; seat on (Seat of<br>Seeing) 522, 524, 528, 544<br>Amon Lhaw (Hill of Hearing)<br>513, 515\u201316, 523, 524, 531;<br>seat on 524<br>Amon Su\u02c6l see Weathertop<br>Amroth 443, 1427; name 1481;<br>Amroth\u2019s haven 443, 1140;<br>mound of see Cerin<br>Amroth; see also Dol<br>Amroth<br>Anardil 1359<br>Ana\u00b4rion 316, 318, 328, 512, 780,<br>875, 886, 1357, 1358, 1366,<br>1367, 1374, 1384, 1385,<br>1423; heirs, House of<br>(Southern Line) 875, 1118,<br>1358, 1368; name 1482<br>Anborn 882, 895\u2013900 passim,<br>901<br>Ancalagon the Black 80<br>Ancient World 463<br>Anduin (Great River, the River,<br>River of Gondor) 4, 11, 69,<br>76, 316, 318, 319, 325\u20136,<br>330, 334, 349, 357, 366,<br>369, 435, 440, 441, 444,<br>453, 458, 478\u2013514 passim,<br>537, 540\u20136 passim, 547,<br>548\u20139, 553, 558, 567, 569,<br>572, 581, 588, 598, 620,<br>641, 649\u201350, 735, 787, 788,<br>805, 835, 837\u20138, 839, 844,<br>847, 861, 862, 865, 871,<br>872, 894, 912, 925, 981,<br>988, 992\u20133, 999, 1000,<br>index 1501<br>Taurelilo\u00b4me\u00a8a-tumbalemorna<br>Tumbaletaure\u00a8a Lo\u00b4me\u00a8anor<br>609, 1486<br>Uglu\u00b4k u bagronk sha pushdug<br>Saruman-glob bu\u00b4bhosh skai<br>579<br>Westu The\u00b4oden ha\u00b4l! 676<br>Ye\u00b4! utu\u00b4vienyes! 1273<br>III. Persons, Places, and Things<br>Accursed Years 1031<br>Adorn 1398, 1402<br>Adrahil 1384, 1430<br>Adu\u02c6naic 1355, 1356, 1462, 1465,<br>1482<br>Adu\u02c6nakho\u02c6r 1462<br>Aeglos [Icicle], Spear of Gilgalad 316<br>Aglarond see Glittering Caves of<br>Aglarond<br>Akallabe\u02c6th 1354<br>Aldalo\u00b4me\u00a8 611<br>Aldamir 1359, 1425<br>Aldor the Old 1279, 1401, 1405<br>Alfirin 1145<br>Alphabets see Writing and<br>spelling<br>Aman (Blessed Realm, Undying<br>Lands, Undying Realm,<br>Uttermost West, the West,<br>Western Shore, Land<br>beyond the Sea, etc.) 59,<br>171, 288, 318, 445, 475,<br>476, 876, 886, 1253, 1276,<br>1348, 1352, 1354, 1357,<br>1360, 1394, 1397, 1420,<br>1423, 1482, 1495; see also<br>Eresse\u00a8a; Valimar; Valinor<br>Amandil 1355<br>Ambaro\u00b4na 611<br>Amlaith 1358<br>Angle, between Hoarwell and<br>Loudwater 1361, 1362,<br>1425<br>Angle, in Lothlo\u00b4rien 452<br>Angmar 6, 190, 242, 263, 1086,<br>1105, 1362, 1363, 1374,<br>1376, 1377, 1395, 1415;<br>Lord of see Witch-king<br>Angrenost see Isengard<br>Ann-thennath 252<br>Annu\u00b4minas 318, 780, 1357,<br>1364, 1365, 1426; palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>of 779\u201380, 1364; sceptre of<br>(sceptre of Arnor) 1274,<br>1365, 1386, 1392<br>Anor, flame of 430<br>Anor-stone see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Ano\u00b4rien (Sunlending) 978, 981,<br>1002, 1051, 1075, 1091,<br>1154, 1156, 1277, 1374,<br>1382, 1436, 1464, 1482;<br>East Ano\u00b4rien 1086<br>Appledore, surname 203<br>Appledore, Rowlie 1299<br>Ar-Adu\u02c6nakhor \u2018Lord of the<br>West\u2019 1355, 1356, 1422<br>Ar-Gimilzo\u02c6r 1355<br>Ar-Inziladu\u02c6n see Tar-Palantir<br>Ar-Pharazo\u02c6n \u2018the Golden\u2019 1355,<br>1356\u20137, 1365, 1372, 1422,<br>1462<br>Ar-Sakaltho\u02c6r 1355<br>Ar-Zimratho\u02c6n 1355<br>Arador 1358, 1386, 1429<br>Araglas 1358<br>Aragorn I 1358, 1366<br>Aragorn II, son of Arathorn II<br>(Strider, heir of Elendil and<br>Isildur, Captain, Chieftain,<br>Lord of the Du\u00b4nedain of<br>Arnor, Captain of the Host<br>of the West, chief of the<br>1502 the return of the king<br>Anduin \u2013 cont.<br>1001, 1034, 1046, 1057,<br>1058, 1062, 1067, 1068,<br>1075, 1079, 1091, 1098,<br>1103, 1107\u201312, 1117\u201318,<br>1143\u20139 passim, 1153, 1157,<br>1165, 1252, 1253, 1264,<br>1272, 1282, 1327, 1369\u201374,<br>1381, 1380, 1382, 1395,<br>1414, 1423, 1431, 1439,<br>1443, 1480, 1483; mouths,<br>delta of (Ethir [outflow]<br>Anduin) 316, 378, 517, 522,<br>540, 861, 1009, 1108, 1148,<br>1369, 1483; sources of 1395<br>Anduin, Vale(s) of [lowlands<br>watered by Anduin from<br>Lo\u00b4rien to the Ethir; the<br>\u2018lower vales\u2019 south of<br>Rauros; north of Lo\u00b4rien<br>were the \u2018upper vales\u2019] 4,<br>795\u20136, 1056, 1078, 1158,<br>1202, 1272, 1369, 1376,<br>1380, 1395, 1396, 1432,<br>1443, 1480, 1483, 1492;<br>Men of Anduin\u2019s Vale 1396<br>Andu\u00b4nie\u00a8, Lords of 1355, 1365<br>Andu\u00b4ril (Flame of the West, the<br>Sword, the Sword<br>Reforged) 360, 363, 422,<br>424, 488, 564, 569, 644\u20135,<br>666\u20137, 696, 698, 700, 701,<br>993, 1022, 1110, 1150,<br>1155, 1207, 1267; see also<br>Narsil<br>Anfalas see Langstrand<br>Angamaite\u00a8 1372<br>Angband 253<br>Angbor, Lord of Lamedon 1145,<br>1147, 1153<br>Angerthas Daeron 1475\u20139<br>Angerthas Moria 1468, 1476\u20139<br>1266, 1276, 1286;<br>Envinyatar, the Renewer<br>1129; Estel 1386, 1387,<br>1391, 1394, 1430;<br>Longshanks 236; Strider<br>[used in Bree and by his<br>hobbit-companions]<br>frequently, especially<br>205\u2013307; Stick-at-naught<br>Strider 236; Telcontar 1130;<br>Thorongil [eagle of star]<br>1383, 1384, 1431; Wingfoot<br>567; as healer 259\u201360,<br>436\u20137, 710, 1126, 1129\u201340,<br>1247, 1252, 1255\u20136, 1266,<br>1267; names 1482; of the<br>children of Lu\u00b4thien 1147;<br>one of the Three Hunters<br>546, 643; his standard<br>wrought by Arwen 1015,<br>1019, 1034, 1109, 1110,<br>1127, 1148, 1162, 1167,<br>1241, 1248\u20139, 1268, 1392,<br>1385, 1436<br>Aragost 1358<br>Arahad I 1358, 1366<br>Arahad II 1358<br>Arahael 1358, 1365<br>Aranarth 1358, 1363, 1365,<br>1385, 1426<br>Arantar 1358<br>Aranuir 1358<br>Araphant 1358, 1374, 1376<br>Araphor 1358, 1362<br>Arassuil 1358<br>Arathorn I 1358<br>Arathorn II 1358, 1385\u20136, 1430;<br>see also Aragorn II, son of<br>Arathorn II<br>Araval 1358<br>Aravir 1358<br>Aravorn 1358<br>index 1503<br>Rangers, King of the<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, King of<br>Gondor and the Western<br>Lands, Lord of the White<br>Tree, etc.) 19, 20, 77,<br>204\u20135, 210\u201378 passim,<br>286\u201390 passim, 296, 303,<br>308, 309, 312, 321, 322,<br>333, 327, 330, 332, 341\u20132,<br>343, 355, 356, 359\u2013519<br>passim, 537\u201377 passim, 578,<br>579, 585, 590, 628,<br>636\u2013714 passim, 720,<br>730\u201350 passim, 753, 762,<br>763, 768, 775, 776, 777,<br>778, 782\u20133, 840, 841, 860,<br>867, 875, 885, 888, 926,<br>985, 986, 987, 989, 995,<br>1012\u201334 passim, 1036\u201342<br>passim, 1049, 1060, 1066,<br>1109\u201311, 1118, 1127\u201367<br>passim, 1174, 1241, 1243,<br>1247\u201354 passim, 1262\u201387<br>passim, 1291\u20134 passim,<br>1302, 1315, 1352, 1358,<br>1365\u20136, 1375, 1385\u201395<br>passim, 1404, 1405, 1418,<br>1419, 1429\u201343 passim,<br>1450, 1457, 1490; (the)<br>Du\u00b4nadan 273, 301, 303,<br>308, 323, 564, 1391; Elessar<br>[name given to Aragorn in<br>Lo\u00b4rien and adopted by him<br>as King] 20, 488, 512, 564,<br>656, 1034, 1109, 1129,<br>1159, 1267, 1268, 1273,<br>1277, 1359, 1367, 1405,<br>1418, 1419, 1439, 1441,<br>1443, 1450, 1460, 1482 see<br>also Elfstone following;<br>Elessar Telcontar 1359;<br>Elfstone 1015, 1140, 1157,<br>Arvedui \u2018Last-king\u2019 5, 1023,<br>1358, 1359, 1363\u20135,<br>1374\u20136, 1426<br>Arvegil 1358, 1367<br>Arveleg I 1358, 1361, 1425<br>Arveleg II 1358<br>Arwen (Lady, the Lady of<br>Rivendell, etc.) 296, 299,<br>303, 309, 458, 489, 1015,<br>1109, 1274, 1275\u201382<br>passim, 1286, 1352,<br>1387\u201395 passim, 1417,<br>1424, 1431, 1432, 1436,<br>1441; Evenstar 296, 489,<br>1274, 1277, 1367, 1391,<br>1395; Queen Arwen 1276,<br>1277; 1441; Queen of Elves<br>and Men 1393; Undo\u00b4miel<br>[cf. Undo\u00b4me\u00a8 ] 296, 1274,<br>1387, 1390, 1391, 1424,<br>1431; recalled, alluded to by<br>Aragorn 253, 263\u20134, 364,<br>458, 488, 1028; gift to<br>Frodo (passage into the<br>West) 1276; gift to Frodo<br>(white gem) 1276, 1338,<br>1341; standard she wrought<br>for Aragorn see Aragorn II<br>Ase\u00a8a aranion see Athelas<br>Asfaloth 273, 278\u201381 passim,<br>289, 290<br>Ashen (Ash) Mountains see Ered<br>Lithui<br>Atanatar I 1359<br>Atanatar II Alcarin \u2018the<br>Glorious\u2019 1359, 1367, 1369<br>Atani see Edain<br>Athelas (ase\u00a8a aranion, kingsfoil)<br>[a healing herb] 259\u201360,<br>437, 1130\u20139 passim<br>Aule\u00a8 the Smith 1494<br>Avernien 304<br>1504 the return of the king<br>Araw see Orome\u00a8<br>Archet 195, 219, 235, 237, 238,<br>1299; name 1492<br>Arciryas 1375<br>Argeleb I 1358, 1361, 1425<br>Argeleb II 5, 1358, 1362, 1425<br>Argonath (Pillars of the Kings,<br>Gate of Kings, Gates of<br>Gondor, the Gates,<br>sentinels of Nu\u00b4menor) 319,<br>349, 508, 510, 511\u201312, 522,<br>524, 553, 564, 919, 987,<br>1046, 1369, 1435<br>Argonui 1358<br>Arkenstone 1407, 1416<br>Army of the West see Host of<br>the West<br>Arnach see Lossarnach<br>Arnor (North Kingdom,<br>Northern Kingdom,<br>Northlands, etc.) 5, 6, 242,<br>263, 316, 318, 329, 734,<br>780\u20131, 1105, 1111, 1129,<br>1267, 1286, 1357\u201369 passim,<br>1374, 1375, 1376, 1392,<br>1393, 1407, 1422, 1423,<br>1424, 1441, 1454; Realm in<br>Exile 1358, 1422; calendar of<br>1454, 1458; High Kings of<br>1358, 1360\u20131; language of<br>1358, 1360\u20139, 1393, 1422,<br>1425, 1441, 1480, 1484;<br>palant\u0131\u00b4r of 1425; sceptre of<br>see Annu\u00b4minas; Star of the<br>North Kingdom see<br>Elendilmir<br>Arod 571, 576, 577, 636, 658\u20139,<br>660, 664, 731, 1012, 1029,<br>1277<br>Artamir 1374<br>Arthedain 1360, 1361, 1362,<br>1375, 1426<br>birthday-parties, 17, 28,<br>30\u201340, 46, 48\u20139, 55\u20136, 85,<br>88\u20139, 206, 355, 1291, 1343,<br>1346; book, diary see Red<br>Book of Westmarch<br>Baggins, Bingo 49, 1445<br>Baggins, Bungo 1445, 1448<br>Baggins, Camellia ne\u00b4e Sackville<br>1445<br>Baggins, Chica ne\u00b4e Chubb 1445<br>Baggins, Dora 48, 1445<br>Baggins, Drogo 29\u201330, 48,<br>1445, 1446, 1449; see also<br>Baggins, Frodo, son of<br>Drogo<br>Baggins, Dudo 1445<br>Baggins, Fosco 1445, 1446<br>Baggins, Frodo, son of Drogo<br>(Ring-bearer, Mr.<br>Underhill, the Halfling, etc.)<br>3, 17, 18, 19, 20, 28\u20139, 30,<br>36, 39\u2013530 passim, 538,<br>537, 539, 545, 554, 573,<br>578, 586, 590, 628, 638,<br>647\u20138, 674, 744, 787\u2013971<br>passim, 978, 979, 984, 1036,<br>1042, 1056, 1061, 1066,<br>1067, 1161, 1164, 1168,<br>1173, 1174, 1175, 1176,<br>1180, 1182, 1183, 1187,<br>1190\u20131253 passim, 1266,<br>1268, 1271, 1274, 1275,<br>1277, 1290\u20131349 passim,<br>1363, 1417, 1431\u201341<br>passim, 1457\u201363 passim,<br>1459, 1490; and story of the<br>Ring of Doom (Frodo of<br>the Nine Fingers) 1244\u20135,<br>1249<br>Baggins, Gilly ne\u00b4e Brownlock<br>1445<br>Baggins, Largo 1445, 1447<br>index 1505<br>Azanulbizar see Dimrill Dale;<br>Battle of Nanduhirion<br>(Azanulbizar)<br>Azog 1409\u201314 passim, 1416<br>Bag End 18, 27, 28\u201362 passim,<br>82\u201392 passim, 97, 99, 129,<br>131, 135, 137, 219, 222,<br>240, 342, 355, 414, 915,<br>1191, 1307, 1309, 1310,<br>1314, 1316, 1320, 1324,<br>1325, 1326, 1327, 1330\u201341<br>passim, 1349, 1433, 1441<br>Baggins family 12, 37, 38, 39,<br>48\u20139, 64, 362, 1445; name<br>78<br>Baggins, Angelica 49, 1445<br>Baggins, Balbo 1445, 1447<br>Baggins, Belladonna ne\u00b4e Took<br>1445, 1448<br>Baggins, Berylla ne\u00b4e Boffin 1445,<br>1447<br>Baggins, Bilbo 1\u20139 passim,<br>14\u201320 passim, 27\u201365<br>passim, 71\u201389 passim,<br>96\u2013101 passim, 105, 106,<br>108, 123, 124, 131\u20138<br>passim, 173, 183, 206, 207,<br>221, 243, 269, 272, 292\u20133,<br>297\u2013310 passim, 311\u201314<br>passim, 322, 324\u20135, 330,<br>345, 351\u20135 passim, 356,<br>360\u20133, 364, 366, 375, 377,<br>414, 418, 427, 437, 468\u20139,<br>473, 499, 517, 527, 601,<br>803, 811, 827, 837, 888,<br>952, 957, 958, 1169, 1188,<br>1250, 1252, 1271, 1274,<br>1289\u201394, 1330, 1343, 1344,<br>1346, 1347, 1351, 1429,<br>1430, 1431, 1440, 1445,<br>1447, 1464; birthday,<br>317, 326, 327, 329, 359,<br>386, 463, 523, 538, 581,<br>588, 592, 646, 648, 724,<br>735, 760, 769, 775, 780,<br>781, 782, 788, 829, 832,<br>841, 842, 859, 862, 946,<br>966\u201371 passim, 1077, 1140,<br>1150, 1151, 1152, 1176,<br>1177, 1178, 1180, 1202,<br>1207, 1219, 1223, 1225,<br>1232, 1233, 1237, 1241\u20132,<br>1262, 1266, 1315, 1366,<br>1384, 1391\u20132, 1400, 1420,<br>1421, 1422, 1423, 1437,<br>1459, 1487, 1488; hosts of<br>see Sauron; name (Dark<br>Tower) 1491; sometimes<br>used as a synonym for<br>Sauron<br>Barahir, father of Beren 252,<br>1352, 1364; see also Beren,<br>son of Barahir; Ring of<br>Barahir<br>Barahir, grandson of Faramir 20<br>Barahir, steward 1360<br>Baranduin see Brandywine<br>Barazinbar (Baraz) see<br>Caradhras<br>Bard of Esgaroth (Bard the<br>Bowman) 298, 1416, 1430,<br>1431<br>Bard II of Dale 1438<br>Bardings see Dale: Men of<br>Barrow-downs (Downlands)<br>149, 150, 160, 170, 171,<br>175, 177\u201391 passim, 214,<br>234, 342, 575, 1105, 1305,<br>1362, 1484; Tyrn Gorthad<br>1362, 1425; north-gate of<br>181<br>Barrowfield 662, 1031, 1278,<br>1400, 1403<br>1506 the return of the king<br>Baggins, Laura ne\u00b4e Grubb 1445,<br>1447<br>Baggins, Longo 1445<br>Baggins, Mimosa ne\u00b4e Bunce 1445<br>Baggins, Mungo 1445, 1447<br>Baggins, Polo 1445<br>Baggins, Ponto, the elder 1445<br>Baggins, Ponto, the younger<br>1445<br>Baggins, Porto 1445<br>Baggins, Posco 1445<br>Baggins, Primula ne\u00b4e<br>Brandybuck 29, 1445, 1448,<br>1449<br>Baggins, Ruby ne\u00b4e Bolger 1445,<br>1446<br>Baggins, Tanta ne\u00b4e Hornblower<br>1445<br>Bagshot Row 28, 34, 49, 90, 91,<br>99, 472, 852, 1304, 1323,<br>1327, 1330, 1337<br>Bain, son of Bard, King of Dale<br>298, 1432<br>Balchoth 1380, 1395\u20136<br>Baldor 1043, 1279, 1401, 1428<br>Balin, son of Fundin 298\u20139,<br>301, 313, 349, 386, 415,<br>418, 421, 423, 424, 426,<br>463, 1413, 1414, 1418,<br>1430, 1431; tomb of<br>416\u201317, 418, 423<br>Balrog (Durin\u2019s Bane, elf-bane)<br>413, 426, 427, 429\u201331, 463,<br>654, 505, 885, 1407, 1412,<br>1427, 1434<br>Bamfurlong 119<br>Banks, surname 203<br>Banks, Willie 1299<br>Barad-du\u02c6r (Dark Tower,<br>Fortress of Sauron,<br>Lugbu\u00b4rz, Great Tower, the<br>Tower, etc.) 57, 67, 294,<br>Battle of the Peak, i.e. Celebdil<br>655<br>Battle of the Pelennor Fields<br>1068, 1069\u201379, 1083\u20134,<br>1093\u20131112, 1149, 1156,<br>1392, 1403\u20135, 1436<br>Battle Plain see Dagorlad<br>Battles of the Fords of Isen<br>687\u20138, 718\u201320, 1435<br>Beacon hills, beacons 978, 979,<br>1001, 1053<br>Beechbone 741<br>Belecthor I 1360<br>Belecthor II 1360, 1381, 1429<br>Beleg 1358<br>Belegorn 1360<br>Belegost 1406<br>Beleriand (Northern Lands,<br>Norland) 252, 307, 398,<br>945, 1362, 1464, 1476\u20138,<br>1482<br>Belfalas 978, 982, 1001, 1108<br>Belfalas, Bay of 444, 496<br>Be\u00b4ma see Orome\u00a8<br>Beorn 297\u20138<br>Beornings 298, 481, 522, 560,<br>1395, 1438; honey cakes of<br>481; land of 522; language<br>of 1483<br>Beregond, son of Baranor<br>(Beregond of the Guard)<br>994\u20131004, 1005, 1056,<br>1057, 1058, 1059, 1060,<br>1082, 1113\u201314, 1115\u201322<br>passim, 1133\u20134, 1140, 1157,<br>1169, 1269\u201370; see also<br>Bergil, son of Beregond<br>Beregond, steward 1360, 1381<br>Beren, son of Barahir (Beren<br>One-hand) 250\u20133, 353,<br>360, 932, 946, 953, 1352,<br>1364, 1387, 1389, 1421;<br>index 1507<br>Barrows (mounds) 170\u20131, 175,<br>182\u20138, 242, 989, 1362\u20133;<br>barrow in which Frodo is<br>imprisoned 183\u20137, 189,<br>255, 286, 941, 957, 1363;<br>knives from see Swords; of<br>the kings of Rohan see<br>Barrowfield; see also Mound<br>of the Riders<br>Barrow-wight(s) (Wights) 171,<br>175, 183\u20137, 189, 242, 345,<br>989, 1433<br>Battle Gardens 1337<br>Battle of Azanulbizar see Battle<br>of Nanduhirion<br>Battle of Bywater 1328\u20139, 1337,<br>1440; Roll of 1329<br>Battle of Dagorlad (Great<br>Battle) 316, 817, 877, 1366,<br>1420, 1423<br>Battle of Dale, 2941 Third Age<br>see Battle of Five Armies<br>Battle of Dale, 3019 Third Age<br>1438<br>Battle of Five Armies (of Dale)<br>14, 62, 298, 386, 1418, 1430<br>Battle of Fornost 1376, 1425,<br>1426<br>Battle of Greenfields 7, 1329<br>Battle of Nanduhirion<br>(Azanulbizar) 1410, 1418,<br>1428<br>Battle of the Camp 1374, 1426<br>Battle of the Crossings of Erui<br>1371, 1425<br>Battle of the Field of Gondor see<br>Battle of the Pelennor Fields<br>Battle of the Field of Celebrant<br>668, 886, 1278, 1396, 1397,<br>1428<br>Battle of the Hornburg 692\u2013707,<br>1435<br>Blackroot see Morthond<br>Blanco 5, 1444<br>Blessed Realm see Aman<br>Blue Mountains (Ered Luin,<br>Mountains of Lune) 5, 57,<br>242, 610, 1360, 1362, 1406,<br>1413, 1420, 1421<br>Bob 200, 209, 233, 234, 1297<br>Boffin family 9, 37, 38, 40, 48,<br>51, 64, 1447; name 1491<br>Boffin, Basso 1447<br>Boffin, Bosco 1447<br>Boffin, Briffo 1447<br>Boffin, Buffo 1447<br>Boffin, Daisy ne\u00b4e Baggins 1445,<br>1447<br>Boffin, Donnamira ne\u00b4e Took<br>1447, 1448<br>Boffin, Druda ne\u00b4e Burrows 1447<br>Boffin, Folco 56, 88, 89, 1447<br>Boffin, Griffo 1445, 1447<br>Boffin, Gruffo 1447<br>Boffin, Hugo 1447, 1448<br>Boffin, Ivy ne\u00b4e Goodenough<br>1447<br>Boffin, Jago 1447<br>Boffin, Lavender ne\u00b4e Grubb<br>1447<br>Boffin, Mr. 58<br>Boffin, Otto \u2018the Fat\u2019 1447<br>Boffin, Rollo 1447<br>Boffin, Sapphira ne\u00b4e Brockhouse<br>1447<br>Boffin, Tosto 1447<br>Boffin, Uffo 1447<br>Boffin, Vigo 1447<br>Bofur 298, 1418<br>Bolg 1416, 1418<br>Bolger family 37, 38, 40, 48, 51,<br>64, 1446; name 1460;<br>names in 1492<br>Bolger, Adalbert 1446, 1447<br>1508 the return of the king<br>Beren \u2013 cont.<br>name 1482; Beren and<br>Lu\u00b4thien, lay of 360<br>Beren, steward 1360, 1381, 1400<br>Bergil, son of Beregond<br>1007\u201310, 1125, 1133, 1156<br>Beru\u00b4thiel, Queen, cats of 405<br>Beryl, an elf-stone 262<br>Better Smials 1337\u20138<br>Bifur 298, 1418<br>Big Folk, Big People see Men<br>Bill, pony 234\u20135, 236, 243, 260,<br>267, 268, 365, 370, 374,<br>377, 382, 388, 393, 394,<br>395\u20136, 400, 402, 407, 1297,<br>1302, 1304, 1308, 1344<br>Birds, as spies 240, 370\u20132,<br>382\u20133, 537, 715, 1002<br>Birthday, Bilbo and Frodo\u2019s see<br>Baggins, Bilbo<br>Black Breath (Black Shadow)<br>227, 334, 1126, 1131, 1132,<br>1140<br>Black Captain see Witch-king<br>Black Country see Mordor<br>Black fleet (black sails, black<br>ships) 1109, 1117\u201318, 1129,<br>1143\u20137, 1174<br>Black Gate(s) of Mordor see<br>Morannon<br>Black Land see Mordor<br>Black Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans see<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>Black One (Black Hand) see<br>Sauron<br>Black Riders see Nazgu\u02c6l<br>Black Shadow see Black Breath<br>Black Speech (language of<br>Mordor) 66, 331, 1466,<br>1473, 1486\u20137<br>Black Stone see Stone of Erech<br>Black Years 67, 331<br>Bolger, Wilimar 1446<br>Bombadil, Tom 156\u201375 passim,<br>176\u20139, 185\u201393 passim, 199,<br>214, 234, 280, 345, 614,<br>941\u20132, 1304, 1348, 1433;<br>Forn 345; Iarwain Ben-adar<br>345, 346, 347, 1462; Orald<br>345; Eldest (oldest) 172,<br>345; house of (under hill)<br>156, 159\u201360, 161\u20134, 178,<br>185, 1348<br>Bombur 298, 1418<br>Bonfire Glade 145, 146\u20137<br>Book of Mazarbul 419\u201322, 463,<br>1477<br>Books of Lore, at Rivendell 1344<br>Borgil 107<br>Borin 1407, 1418<br>Boromir, son of Denethor II<br>(Captain, High Warden of<br>the White Tower, of the<br>Nine Walkers, etc.) 312,<br>317, 321, 322, 323, 324,<br>328, 332, 336, 341\u20132, 348,<br>349, 351, 363\u2013531 passim,<br>537\u20139 passim, 542\u20134, 546,<br>552, 560, 561, 564, 566,<br>567, 575, 578\u20139, 639\u201340,<br>647, 674, 735, 744, 859,<br>860, 866\u201371 passim, 872,<br>873, 875, 876, 877, 878,<br>885, 887, 889, 890, 980,<br>985, 987, 988, 990, 1000\u20131,<br>1003, 1004\u20135, 1045,<br>1060\u20138, 1121, 1381, 1384,<br>1434, 1435; name 1482;<br>horn of see Horn of Boromir<br>Boromir, steward 1360, 1380,<br>1381<br>Bounders 13, 59<br>Bracegirdle family 37, 38, 40,<br>64, 1336<br>index 1509<br>Bolger, Adalgar 1446<br>Bolger, Alfrida 1446<br>Bolger, Amethyst ne\u00b4e<br>Hornblower 1446<br>Bolger, Belba ne\u00b4e Baggins 1445,<br>1446<br>Bolger, Cora ne\u00b4e Goodbody<br>1446<br>Bolger, Dina ne\u00b4e Diggle 1446<br>Bolger, Fastolph 1445, 1446<br>Bolger, Filibert 1445, 1446<br>Bolger, Fredegar \u2018Fatty\u2019 56, 88,<br>89\u201390, 130\u201342 passim, 231,<br>1336, 1446, 1447, 1448<br>Bolger, Gerda ne\u00b4e Boffin 1446,<br>1447<br>Bolger, Gundabald 1445, 1446<br>Bolger, Gundahad 1446<br>Bolger, Gundahar 1446<br>Bolger, Gundolpho 1446<br>Bolger, Heribald 1446<br>Bolger, Herugar 1446, 1447<br>Bolger, Jessamine ne\u00b4e Boffin<br>1446, 1447<br>Bolger, Nina ne\u00b4e Lightfoot 1446<br>Bolger, Nora 1446<br>Bolger, Odovacar 1446, 1448<br>Bolger, Pansy ne\u00b4e Baggins 1445,<br>1446<br>Bolger, Poppy ne\u00b4e ChubbBaggins 1445, 1446<br>Bolger, Prisca ne\u00b4e Baggins 1445,<br>1446<br>Bolger, Rosamunda ne\u00b4e Took<br>1446, 1448<br>Bolger, Rudibert 1446<br>Bolger, Rudigar 1445, 1446<br>Bolger, Rudolph 1446<br>Bolger, Salvia ne\u00b4e Brandybuck<br>1446, 1449<br>Bolger, Theobald 1446<br>Bolger, Wilibald 1445, 1446<br>Brandybuck, Madoc<br>\u2018Proudneck\u2019 1449<br>Brandybuck, Malva ne\u00b4e<br>Headstrong 1449<br>Brandybuck, Marmadas 1449<br>Brandybuck, Marmadoc<br>\u2018Masterful\u2019 1446, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Marroc 1449<br>Brandybuck, Melilot 38, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Menegilda ne\u00b4e<br>Goold 1449<br>Brandybuck, Mentha 1449<br>Brandybuck, Meriadoc \u2018Merry\u2019,<br>son of Saradoc 2, 10, 20,<br>50, 51, 56, 57, 88, 94,<br>120\u2013203 passim, 211, 221,<br>226\u201376 passim, 285\u20136, 290,<br>291, 292, 294, 295, 296,<br>311, 354\u2013531 passim, 539,<br>569, 573. 578, 582\u2013652,<br>726\u201352 passim, 760\u201373<br>passim, 778, 861, 987, 988,<br>1004, 1007, 1012\u201353<br>passim, 1086\u201390 passim,<br>1094\u20135, 1096 passim,<br>1123\u20136, 1130, 1137\u201340<br>passim, 1156, 1157, 1168,<br>1174, 1251, 1259, 1262,<br>1277, 1278\u20139, 1280\u20131,<br>1283, 1285\u20131349 passim,<br>1347, 1351, 1405, 1435,<br>1441, 1442\u20133, 1445, 1446,<br>1448, 1449, 1464, 1492\u20133;<br>Holdwine of the Mark<br>1280\u20131, 1405, 1441;<br>Meriadoc \u2018the Magnificent\u2019<br>1405, 1449; Master of<br>Buckland 1405, 1442; horn<br>of see Horn of the Mark;<br>name 1492\u20133<br>Brandybuck, Merimac 1449<br>Brandybuck, Merimas 1449<br>1510 the return of the king<br>Bracegirdle, Blanco 1447<br>Bracegirdle, Bruno 1447<br>Bracegirdle, Hugo 49, 1447<br>Bracegirdle, Primrose ne\u00b4e Boffin<br>1447<br>Brand, son of Bain, King of<br>Dale 298, 314\u201315, 1417,<br>1432, 1437, 1438<br>Brandy Hall 9, 19, 20, 29, 121,<br>128, 129, 130, 131<br>Brandybuck family 9, 29, 30, 37,<br>38, 40, 51, 52, 87, 119, 123,<br>128, 129, 131, 140, 231,<br>1139, 1449; name 1496;<br>inquisitiveness of 771;<br>Master of the Hall (Master<br>of Buckland), i.e. head of<br>the family 4, 10, 129,<br>140<br>Brandybuck, Adaldrida ne\u00b4e<br>Bolger 1446, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Amaranth 1449<br>Brandybuck, Berilac 1449<br>Brandybuck, Celandine 1449<br>Brandybuck, Dinodas 1449<br>Brandybuck, Doderic 1449<br>Brandybuck, Dodinas 1449<br>Brandybuck, Esmeralda ne\u00b4e<br>Took 40, 1448, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Estella ne\u00b4e Bolger<br>1446, 1448, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Gorbadoc<br>\u2018Broadbelt\u2019 29\u201330, 1448,<br>1449<br>Brandybuck, Gorbulas 1449<br>Brandybuck, Gormadoc<br>\u2018Deepdelver\u2019 1449<br>Brandybuck, Hanna ne\u00b4e<br>Goldworthy 1449<br>Brandybuck, Hilda ne\u00b4e<br>Bracegirdle 1447, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Ilberic 1449<br>195\u2013205 passim; language,<br>dialect of 203, 1484\u20135;<br>names in 1492\u20133; placenames in 1485; South-gate<br>of 197, 227, 237, 1296,<br>1299; West-gate of 197,<br>198, 227, 1304; \u2018strange as<br>news from Bree\u2019 845<br>Bree-hill 237, 1296, 1299<br>Bregalad see Quickbeam<br>Brego, son of Eorl 673, 1043\u20134,<br>1279, 1401, 1428<br>Bridgefields 141<br>Brockenbores 1336<br>Brockhouse family 37, 38, 40;<br>name 203<br>Brown Lands 495, 497, 598,<br>620, 1395<br>Bruinen (Loudwater) 4, 245,<br>262, 264, 265, 277, 292,<br>310, 311<br>Bruinen, Ford of (Ford of<br>Rivendell) 245, 262, 264,<br>265, 272, 277\u20139, 286, 288,<br>290, 291, 325, 344, 357,<br>366, 1295, 1360, 1361,<br>1362, 1434, 1440<br>Brytta see Le\u00b4ofa<br>Bucca of the Marish 1365, 1426<br>Buck Hill 128, 130<br>Buckland (Bucklanders) 8, 12,<br>29, 30, 87, 88, 91, 92, 100,<br>109, 120, 122, 124, 129\u201331,<br>196, 198, 225, 231\u20132, 343,<br>1306, 1341, 1349, 1427,<br>1442, 1460, 1496; names<br>1493; Gate of (Buckland<br>Gate, Hay Gate, Northgate) 140, 231, 1305, 1306;<br>horn-call, horn-cry of<br>230\u20131, 1318; Master of see<br>Brandybuck family<br>index 1511<br>Brandybuck, Mirabella ne\u00b4e Took<br>1448, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Orgulas 1449<br>Brandybuck, Rorimac<br>\u2018Goldfather\u2019, \u2018Old Rory\u2019 40,<br>49, 1449<br>Brandybuck, Sadoc 1449<br>Brandybuck, Saradas 1449<br>Brandybuck, Saradoc<br>\u2018Scattergold\u2019 726, 1448,<br>1449<br>Brandybuck, Seredic 1449<br>Brandywine (Baranduin) 6, 8,<br>29, 30, 56, 96, 109, 116,<br>118, 121, 128\u20139, 130, 149,<br>158, 196, 206, 225, 231,<br>274, 375, 479, 1201, 1301,<br>1306, 1326, 1361, 1426,<br>1429, 1440, 1496; name<br>1491, 1496; valley of 177<br>Brandywine Bridge (Bridge of<br>Stonebows, Great Bridge)<br>5, 6, 32, 88, 93, 115, 129,<br>139, 140, 179, 196, 1305,<br>1306, 1309, 1310, 1312,<br>1367, 1440, 1441; bridgehouse 1311, 1312; Bridge<br>Inn 1310\u201311<br>Bree (Bree-land, Bree-folk,<br>Breelanders) 5, 11, 20,<br>195\u2013216 passim, 224\u201336<br>passim, 237, 238, 240, 241,<br>287, 303, 334, 335, 340,<br>343\u20134, 364, 427, 733, 738,<br>1139, 1292, 1301\u20135 passim,<br>1314, 1361, 1415, 1417,<br>1425, 1431, 1433, 1440,<br>1455; calendar of 1452,<br>1456; Gate-keeper 1296;<br>Hobbits of (Little Folk) 11,<br>195\u2013206 passim, 210, 1299;<br>Men of (Big Folk) 193,<br>Calembel 1034, 1436<br>Calenardhon (later Rohan) 886,<br>1360, 1371, 1395\u20136,<br>1380\u20131, 1428<br>Calendars 20\u20131, 1451\u201360<br>Calenhad 978, 1053<br>Calimehtar, brother of<br>Ro\u00b4mendacil II 1371<br>Calimehtar, son of Narmacil II<br>1359, 1374, 1375, 1426<br>Calimmacil 1375<br>Calmacil 1359, 1369<br>Captain of the Haven at Umbar<br>1393<br>Captains of the West 1149,<br>1153, 1159\u201367 passim,<br>1214, 1219, 1223, 1227,<br>1233, 1241, 1242, 1253\u20134,<br>1255, 1257<br>Carach Angren see Isenmouthe<br>Caradhras the Cruel<br>(Barazinbar, Baraz,<br>Redhorn) 368\u20139, 371\u201385<br>passim, 388, 413, 433, 464,<br>467, 885, 1289, 1407, 1434,<br>1461; pass of see Redhorn<br>Gate<br>Caras Galadhon (City of the<br>Galadhrim, City of the<br>Trees) 464, 467, 470\u20132,<br>483, 506, 615, 656, 1390,<br>1434, 1438; name 1481<br>Carchost see Towers of the<br>Teeth<br>Cardolan 1360\u20133<br>Carl, son of Cottar 1450<br>Carn Du\u02c6m 187, 190, 1377<br>Carnen (Redwater) 1407, 1438<br>Carnim\u0131\u00b4rie\u00a8 630, 631<br>Carrock 1395, 1484; Ford of 298<br>Castamir the Usurper 1359,<br>1371, 1372, 1425<br>1512 the return of the king<br>Bucklebury 20, 89, 91, 99, 112,<br>118, 129, 130, 139, 159\u201360<br>Bucklebury Ferry (the Ferry) 89,<br>93, 115\u201327 passim, 93,<br>128\u20139<br>Budgeford 141, 1446<br>Bullroarer see Took, Bandobras<br>Bumpkin 188<br>Bundushathu\u02c6r (Shathu\u02c6r)<br>[Cloudy-head] see<br>Fanuidhol<br>Burrows family 37, 38, 40<br>Burrows, Asphodel ne\u00b4e<br>Brandybuck 1449<br>Burrows, Milo 49, 1445, 1449<br>Burrows, Minto 1445<br>Burrows, Moro 1445<br>Burrows, Mosco 1445<br>Burrows, Myrtle 1445<br>Burrows, Peony ne\u00b4e Baggins<br>1445, 1449<br>Burrows, Rufus 1449<br>Butterbur family 11<br>Butterbur, Barliman (Barley)<br>193, 199\u2013227 passim, 232\u20136<br>passim, 287, 323, 335, 340,<br>343, 1292, 1296\u20131304<br>passim<br>Bywater 28, 29, 32, 33, 35, 36,<br>52, 58, 93, 472, 1221,<br>1312\u201314 passim, 1328\u20139,<br>1337, 1338, 1440; Pool at<br>1228, 1313\u201314; see also<br>Battle of Bywater<br>Bywater Road 22, 1328\u20139<br>Cair Andros (Andros) 1062,<br>1067\u20138, 1071\u20132, 1156,<br>1160\u20131, 1253, 1262, 1263,<br>1382, 1436<br>Calacirya [ravine of light] 306,<br>492<br>Chamber of Mazarbul [Records]<br>419\u201332 passim, 463<br>Chambers of Fire see Sammath<br>Naur<br>Chetwood 5, 195, 238, 241,<br>1296; name 1492<br>Chief, the see Sackville-Baggins,<br>Lotho<br>Chief \u2019s Men see Ruffians<br>Chubb family 37, 38, 40<br>Chubb-Baggins, Falco 1445<br>C\u0131\u00b4rdan the Shipwright 312, 317,<br>346, 1347, 1360\u20134 passim,<br>1424<br>Ciril 1034, 1145; fords of 1034<br>Cirion 886, 1360, 1380\u20131, 1395,<br>1405<br>Cirith Gorgor (Haunted Pass)<br>486, 830, 835, 1160, 1161,<br>1167, 1208, 1220<br>Cirith Ungol [Pass of the<br>Spider] (High Pass,<br>Nameless Pass) 841\u20133<br>passim, 904, 905, 929, 930,<br>946, 959\u201360, 1062, 1066,<br>1203, 1233, 1250, 1378,<br>1436; Cleft of 946, 959\u201360,<br>1174\u20135; tower of 930, 934,<br>948, 959, 963, 970,<br>1174\u201397 passim, 1203,<br>1206, 1210, 1211, 1436; see<br>also Straight Stair; Winding<br>Stair<br>Cirth see Runes<br>Ciryandil 1359, 1368<br>Citadel of Gondor (High City)<br>983, 984\u20135, 994, 995, 996,<br>997\u20138, 1010, 1055\u20136, 1059,<br>1064, 1073, 1074, 1072,<br>1078, 1080, 1081, 1114,<br>1120, 1122, 1124, 1127,<br>1137, 1255, 1266, 1267,<br>index 1513<br>Causeway 981, 1056, 1157;<br>Forts of (Guard-towers)<br>981, 1056, 1069, 1070, 1436<br>Cave-troll 422<br>Celduin see River Running<br>Celebdil the White (Silvertine,<br>Zirakzigil, Zirak) 368, 433,<br>654\u20135, 1243, 1289, 1434<br>Celeborn the Wise (Lord of<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien, Lord of the<br>Galadhrim, etc.) 21, 455,<br>459\u201367 passim, 478, 479,<br>485\u201392 passim, 575, 608,<br>1274, 1277, 1282, 1284,<br>1285, 1286, 1289\u201390, 1394,<br>1421, 1424, 1438, 1439,<br>1440, 1437 one of the Great<br>Ones 1285<br>Celebrant, river (Silverlode,<br>Kibil-na\u02c6la) [silver-course]<br>357, 369, 420, 435, 441,<br>444, 450\u20132, 455, 463,<br>485, 491, 499, 506, 1396,<br>1409<br>Celebrant, Field of [plain<br>between Silverlode and<br>Limlight] 1368, 1396; see<br>also Battle of the Field of<br>Celebrant<br>Celebr\u0131\u00b4an 296, 488, 1366, 1424,<br>1428<br>Celebrimbor 315, 329, 398, 1422<br>Celebrindor 1358<br>Celepharn 1358<br>Celos 1145<br>Cemendur 1358<br>Ceorl 688<br>Cerin Amroth 456\u20138, 1391,<br>1393, 1394\u20135, 1431<br>Certar see Cirth<br>Certhas Daeron see Daeron\u2019s<br>Runes<br>Ring (Companions) 1271,<br>1277, 1276; Fellowship 19,<br>516, 873, 876, 1271, 1348,<br>1435; Fellowship of the<br>Ring 1284, 1441\u20133; Nine<br>Companions 1142 Nine<br>Walkers 359, 878, 1380,<br>1419<br>Cormallen, Field of 1241\u201354<br>passim, 1262, 1263, 1316,<br>1439<br>Corsairs of Umbar 1001, 1108,<br>1371, 1372, 1373, 1380,<br>1381, 1383, 1398\u20139, 1426<br>Cotman, son of Cottar 1450<br>Cotman family 1496<br>Cottar, ancestor of Cottons 1450<br>Cotton family 1340\u20131; name<br>1496<br>Cotton, Bowman \u2018Nick\u2019 1221,<br>1318, 1450<br>Cotton, Carl \u2018Nibs\u2019 1221, 1228,<br>1319, 1450<br>Cotton, Holman \u2018Long Hom\u2019<br>1450<br>Cotton, Lily ne\u00b4e Brown 1319,<br>1450<br>Cotton, Marigold ne\u00b4e Gamgee<br>1450<br>Cotton, Rose \u2018Rosie\u2019 (later Rose<br>Gamgee) 1221, 1228, 1319,<br>1327, 1340\u20131, 1342, 1347,<br>1349, 1440, 1442, 1450<br>Cotton, Tolman \u2018Tom\u2019, the<br>elder 1221, 1228, 1317\u201328<br>passim, 1450<br>Cotton, Tolman \u2018Tom\u2019, the<br>younger 1318, 1326, 1442,<br>1450<br>Cotton, Wilcome \u2018Jolly\u2019 1221,<br>1228, 1318, 1324, 1450<br>Cotton, Wilcome \u2018Will\u2019 1450<br>1514 the return of the king<br>Citadel of Gondor \u2013 cont.<br>1274; Citadel-gate 983\u20134,<br>1058\u20139, 1082, 1114\u201315,<br>1120; Court (Place) of the<br>Fountain 984, 985, 992,<br>1272\u20133; Guards of see<br>Guards of the Citadel; Hall<br>of the Kings (of the Tower,<br>Tower Hall) 323, 985,<br>1054, 1070, 1127\u20138, 1267;<br>High Court 984; see also<br>White Tower<br>Citadel of the Stars see Osgiliath<br>City, the see usually Minas Tirith<br>City of the Galadhrim (City of<br>the Trees) see Caras<br>Galadhon<br>Closed Door see Fen Hollen<br>Cloudyhead see Fanuidhol<br>Coldfells 1386<br>Combe 195, 235, 237; name<br>1492<br>Command, word of 426<br>Common Speech (Common<br>Language, Common<br>Tongue, Westron, etc.) 5,<br>66, 252, 441\u20133, 446, 458,<br>467, 561, 579, 662, 666,<br>861, 1005, 1088, 1209\u201330,<br>1249, 1455\u201360 passim,<br>1464, 1467, 1480\u201395<br>passim; names in 1490\u20131<br>Company of the Ring (Ring\u2019s<br>Company) 359, 360,<br>364\u2013467 passim, 478\u201387<br>passim, 492\u2013518 passim,<br>524, 525, 528, 538, 539,<br>545\u20136, 567, 646, 647, 648,<br>681, 742, 787, 788, 795,<br>867, 868, 872, 874\u20135, 885,<br>993, 995, 1012, 1251, 1434,<br>1435; Companions of the<br>Dagorlad (Battle Plain) 788,<br>817, 877, 1046, 1373, 1423;<br>see also Battle of Dagorlad<br>Da\u00b4in I 1407, 1416, 1428<br>Da\u00b4in II \u2018Ironfoot\u2019 298, 313\u201314,<br>447, 1153, 1411\u201313, 1416,<br>1417, 1418, 1428, 1430,<br>1437, 1438<br>Dale 14, 35, 38, 76, 298, 299,<br>301, 314, 418, 483, 560,<br>1408, 1416, 1417, 1431,<br>1432, 1437, 1438, 1468,<br>1484, 1492; calendar of<br>1456\u20137; language of 1485,<br>1494; Men of (Bardings)<br>298, 481, 560, 1484; see also<br>Battle of Dale; Battle of<br>Five Armies<br>Damrod 861, 862, 863, 834,<br>873, 874, 879, 880<br>Dark Days 447<br>Dark Door see Door of the Dead<br>Dark Lord see Sauron<br>Dark Power see Sauron<br>Dark Power (of the North) see<br>Morgoth<br>Dark Tower see Barad-du\u02c6r<br>Dark Years 560, 946, 982, 1024,<br>1040, 1043, 1087, 1146,<br>1406, 1484, 1487<br>Darkness (of Mordor, of the<br>Storm of Mordor) 327, 886,<br>916\u201319, 1011, 1035, 1048,<br>1050, 1051, 1057, 1062,<br>1070, 1090, 1144, 1147,<br>1436; Darkness<br>Unescapable 1261;<br>Dawnless Day 1436<br>Days of Dearth 6<br>Dead, the (Dead Men of<br>Dunharrow, forgotten<br>people, Grey Host, Shadow<br>index 1515<br>Council, of Denethor 1067\u20138<br>Council of Elrond (the Council)<br>17, 286, 310, 311\u201353, 354,<br>365, 481, 516, 519, 520,<br>614, 867, 877, 957, 962,<br>1434<br>Council of the Wise see White<br>Council<br>Court of the Fountain see<br>Citadel of Gondor<br>Crack(s) of Doom (Fire of<br>Doom, the Fire, gulf of<br>Doom) 80, 81, 86, 348,<br>350, 523, 526, 815, 852,<br>891, 957, 1228, 1235, 1237,<br>1244, 1437; see also<br>Sammath Naur<br>Cram 481<br>Crebain 371; see also Birds, as<br>spies<br>Crickhollow 87, 89, 113, 130\u20133,<br>140, 141, 154, 230, 231,<br>343, 344, 1309, 1340, 1341,<br>1433<br>Cross-roads (of the Fallen King)<br>837, 848, 915, 916\u201319,<br>1056, 1156\u201361 passim,<br>1173, 1223, 1436<br>Crown of Gondor (Silver<br>Crown, White Crown,<br>winged crown, crown of<br>Elendil) 318, 549, 878,<br>1267\u20138, 1365\u20136, 1379,<br>1393<br>Crows see Birds, as spies<br>Curtain, the see Henneth Annu\u02c6n<br>Curun\u0131\u00b4r see Saruman<br>Daeron 1468<br>Daeron\u2019s Runes (Certhas<br>Daeron) 416\u201317, 1468,<br>1475<br>1054\u201383 passim, 1093,<br>1113, 1114, 115\u201320,<br>1121\u20132, 1127, 1128, 1140,<br>1149\u201350, 1168, 1174, 1257,<br>1360, 1379, 1383\u20135, 1429,<br>1431, 1436; name 1482<br>De\u00b4or 1279, 1401<br>De\u00b4orwine 1105, 1111<br>Derndingle 624, 631<br>Dernhelm see E\u00b4 owyn<br>Derufin 1009, 1112<br>Dervorin 1008<br>Desolation of Smaug 299<br>Desolation of the Morannon<br>1437<br>Dimholt 1029, 1040, 1043<br>Dimrill Dale (Azanulbizar,<br>Nanduhirion) 369, 404,<br>415, 418\u201320, 432, 444, 483,<br>1381, 1406\u201313 passim; see<br>also Battle of Nanduhirion<br>Dimrill Gate see Moria<br>Dimrill Stair 369, 433, 446, 1290<br>Dior, steward 1360<br>Dior, Thingol\u2019s heir 253, 316,<br>1352<br>D\u0131\u00b4rhael 1385<br>D\u0131\u00b4s 1408, 1413, 1418<br>Dol Amroth 982, 1032, 1149,<br>1265, 1384, 1483; banner of<br>1009, 1073, 1074, 1103,<br>1140, 1167, 1248\u20139; men of<br>1167, 1168; swan-knights of<br>1073, 1074, 1084, 1110,<br>1154; silver swan, emblem<br>1103, 1167; white ship and<br>silver swan, emblems 1009;<br>[combined as ship with<br>swan-shaped prow] 1140,<br>1248\u20139; see also Adrahil;<br>Finduilas; Imrahil, Prince of<br>Dol Amroth; Loth\u0131\u00b4riel<br>1516 the return of the king<br>Dead \u2013 cont.<br>Host, Sleepless Dead, etc.)<br>656, 1020, 1022, 1023,<br>1025\u201334, 1042, 1144\u20138,<br>1484; King of 1033, 1034,<br>1145, 1147; Men of the<br>Mountains 1024;<br>Oathbreakers 1023, 1033\u20134;<br>see also Door of the Dead;<br>Paths of the Dead<br>Dead City see Minas Morgul<br>Dead Marshes 330, 486, 787,<br>795, 798, 808, 810, 817\u201323,<br>829, 840, 871, 898, 916,<br>1160, 1374, 1426, 1432,<br>1435; Mere of Dead Faces<br>820\u20131, 825<br>Deadmen\u2019s Dike see Fornost<br>De\u00b4agol 69\u201370, 73, 74\u20135; name<br>1485, 1494<br>Death Down 721, 1017<br>Deeping Wall (the Wall)<br>688\u2013702 passim<br>Deeping-coomb (the Coomb)<br>690, 691, 697, 706, 712,<br>715, 716, 718, 721, 779,<br>783, 1015, 1017, 1020\u20131,<br>1024, 1399<br>Deeping-stream 689, 699, 701,<br>708, 712<br>Denethor I 1360, 1380<br>Denethor II, son of Ecthelion II<br>(Lord and Steward of<br>Gondor, Minas Tirith, the<br>City, the Tower of Guard,<br>the White Tower, Steward<br>of the High King, etc.) 321,<br>323, 328, 330, 538, 542,<br>564, 666, 783, 860, 861\u20132,<br>869, 872, 873, 876, 903,<br>979, 980, 985\u20131003 passim,<br>1010, 1011, 1045\u20136,<br>who joined Aragorn in the<br>South 5, 6, 7, 8\u20139, 11, 195,<br>197, 205, 238, 245, 247,<br>288, 296, 321, 323, 327,<br>355, 357, 696, 780, 1264,<br>1300\u20131, 1360\u20139 passim,<br>1386, 1429, 1433; those of<br>the North who joined<br>Aragorn in the South 557,<br>1014\u201334 passim, 1105,<br>1110, 1146, 1154, 1156,<br>1167, 1242, 1266, 1436;<br>Chieftains of the Du\u00b4nedain<br>1367, 1386; Du\u00b4nedain of<br>Cardolan 1361, 1362;<br>Du\u00b4nedain of Gondor (of<br>the South, of Ithilien,<br>Rangers) 858\u20139, 861, 862,<br>863, 864, 865, 874, 881\u20134,<br>887, 1040, 1369\u201377 passim;<br>calendar of see Kings\u2019<br>Reckoning; see also<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans; Star of the<br>Du\u00b4nedain<br>Dunharrow (Hold) 677, 683,<br>703, 768, 1017, 1019, 1024,<br>1025, 1030, 1031\u20132,<br>1037\u201351 passim, 1088,<br>1101, 1135, 1138, 1144,<br>1148, 1149, 1400, 1402,<br>1436, 1467, 1484; name<br>1493; Stair of the Hold<br>1044<br>Dunharrow, Dead Men of see<br>Dead, the<br>Du\u00b4nhere 1038, 1042, 1111<br>Dunland 4, 345, 371, 688, 711,<br>1269, 1286, 1289, 1399,<br>1408\u20139, 1413, 1425, 1480;<br>language of 700, 1484; men<br>of see Dunlendings; name<br>1484; Dunland fells 695<br>index 1517<br>Dol Baran 769, 1435<br>Dol Guldur 326, 333, 335, 349,<br>386, 458, 842, 947, 1380,<br>1395, 1414, 1416, 1425,<br>1427, 1429, 1430, 1437,<br>1439<br>Dome of Stars see Osgiliath<br>Dominion of Men 1272, 1420<br>Doom, Mount see Mount Doom<br>Doom of Men see Gift of Men<br>Door of the Dead (Dark Door,<br>Door to the Paths of the<br>Dead, Door, Forbidden<br>Door) 1023, 1028, 1029,<br>1043, 1428; see also Dead,<br>the; Paths of the Dead<br>Dori 298, 1418<br>Doriath (Kingdom of Thingol)<br>263, 316, 946, 1352, 1468,<br>1481; Elvenhome 251<br>Dorthonion (Orod-na-Tho\u02c6n) 611<br>Downlands see Barrow-downs<br>Downs (in Rohan) 555\u201360<br>passim, 569, 582, 1270<br>Dragons 31, 58, 67, 80, 82, 84,<br>114, 119, 136, 395, 468,<br>978, 1396, 1407, 1423,<br>1428; see also Ancalagon the<br>Black; Scatha the Worm;<br>Smaug<br>Dru\u00b4adan Forest 1086, 1089,<br>1277\u20138, 1436, 1480, 1484<br>Drums, in Moria 421\u201332 passim;<br>of the Wild Men (Woses)<br>1086, 1087, 1092, 1277<br>Duilin 1009, 1111<br>Duinhir 1009<br>Du\u00b4nedain (Men of the West) in<br>Second Age and Third Age<br>1482\u20135; in Third Age: of<br>Arnor (of the North,<br>Rangers), excluding those<br>1494\u20135; Durin\u2019s Folk<br>(people, children, race) 313,<br>412, 461, 654, 714, 1351,<br>1407\u201315, 1427; Khaza\u02c6d<br>697, 698; Longbeards 1406;<br>Naugrim 1494; Seven<br>Fathers of 1406; in The<br>Hobbit 14, 18, 52, 269, 272,<br>297; dwarf-doors, gates 396,<br>397, 398, 399; Dwarf-kings,<br>lords, sires 67, 68, 314 see<br>also names of individual<br>kings, e.g. Durin; dwarves<br>vs. dwarfs 1494\u20135; language<br>of (Dwarvish, Khuzdul)<br>372, 400, 416\u201317, 699,<br>1462, 1476\u20137, 1488\u201395;<br>names 1465, 1488, 1494\u20135;<br>relationship with Elves<br>352\u20133, 395; writing 1467\u20138,<br>1475\u20139<br>Dwarves of Erebor (Folk of, or<br>under the Mountain) 298,<br>313, 1269, 1407\u20138, 1419,<br>1438, 1476\u20137; see also<br>Erebor<br>Dwarves of Moria 313, 413,<br>1418, 1476; see also Moria<br>Dwarves of the Iron Hills 1416<br>Dwarvish see Dwarves: language<br>of<br>Dwimmerlaik [in Rohan, work<br>of necromancy, spectre; cf.<br>dwimmer-crafty 568] 1100<br>Dwimorberg, the Haunted<br>Mountain 1028, 1040\u20134<br>passim; see also Door of the<br>Dead; Paths of the Dead<br>Dwimordene see Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>Eagles 340, 357, 386, 488, 502,<br>550, 646, 1169, 1241, 1261;<br>1518 the return of the king<br>Dunlendings (Men of Dunland,<br>Dunlendish people, wild<br>hillmen and herdfolk) 688,<br>695, 696, 697, 698, 700,<br>707, 711, 1017, 1286,<br>1397\u20131402 passim, 1484,<br>1485; name 1484<br>Durin I, \u2018the Deathless\u2019 411\u201313,<br>714, 1406, 1410, 1418;<br>emblem of [seven stars<br>above a crown and anvil,<br>had eight rays, represented<br>the Plough] 397, 1109;<br>heirs, House of 1406, 1413,<br>1414, 1418, 1421<br>Durin III ; Doors of see Moria<br>1413<br>Durin VI 1406\u20137, 1418, 1427<br>Durin VII &amp; Last 1418<br>Durin\u2019s Axe 419<br>Durin\u2019s Bane see Balrog<br>Durin\u2019s Bridge see Moria<br>Durin\u2019s Crown 411, 435<br>Durin\u2019s Day 412, 455<br>Durin\u2019s Folk, race see Dwarves<br>Durin\u2019s Stone 434<br>Durin\u2019s Tower 654<br>Durthang 1214, 1219, 1437<br>Dwalin 298, 1414, 1418<br>Dwarrowdelf see Moria<br>Dwarves 2, 3, 4, 9, 11, 14, 34, 35,<br>46, 57, 72, 80, 195, 197, 201,<br>202, 203, 212, 249, 296\u20137,<br>298, 301, 333, 349, 359, 369,<br>381, 386\u20137, 396, 397\u20138,<br>411, 413, 417, 428, 443, 444,<br>447, 463, 468, 490, 493, 546,<br>557, 570, 604, 654, 684, 697,<br>699, 713, 804, 876, 953,<br>1147, 1280\u20131360, 1395,<br>1396\u20137, 1406\u201319 passim,<br>1421, 1423, 1488, 1490,<br>also Denethor II, son of<br>Ecthelion II<br>Edain (Atani, Fathers of the<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans) 887, 888,<br>1352\u20134, 1369, 1421, 1467,<br>1482, 1483; Three Houses<br>of Men (of Elf-friends) 887;<br>First House of 1352; Third<br>House of 1353; forefathers<br>of 1362; unions of Eldar<br>and Edain 1352; see also<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>Edoras 341, 571, 653, 663\u20135<br>passim, 666, 678, 682, 686,<br>703, 710, 716, 719, 726,<br>768, 783, 1012, 1017, 1018,<br>1024, 1037, 1038, 1050,<br>1051, 1053, 1069, 1280,<br>1282, 1396\u20131405 passim,<br>1428, 1433\u20138 passim,<br>1442\u20133; name 1493; see also<br>Meduseld<br>Egalmoth 1360<br>Eilenach 978, 1086; name 1483<br>Elanor, flower 456, 457, 458,<br>483, 485, 1343, 1391, 1395<br>Elbereth (Gilthoniel) 104, 111,<br>256, 258, 280, 307, 309,<br>492, 504, 954, 1194, 1197,<br>1345; Varda, the Kindler,<br>the Queen of Stars 492<br>[Elbereth, star-queen;<br>Queen of the Stars<br>(Elenta\u00b4ri); Gilthoniel (=<br>Tintalle\u00a8), star-kindler: title<br>only found following her<br>name; called (in Quenya)<br>Varda, the exalted]<br>Eldacar, of Anor 1358<br>Eldacar, of Gondor (Vinitharya)<br>1359, 1370, 1371, 1372,<br>1395, 1425<br>index 1519<br>see also Gwaihir the<br>Windlord; Landroval;<br>Meneldor<br>Ea\u00a8rendil, king of Gondor 1360<br>Ea\u00a8rendil the Mariner 253,<br>304\u20138, 316, 932, 942, 1353;<br>the star 470, 474, 474\u20135,<br>1353, 1354; the Flammifer<br>of Westernesse 308<br>Ea\u00a8rendur 1358, 1360, 1424<br>Ea\u00a8rnil I 1359, 1368, 1425<br>Ea\u00a8rnil II 1359, 1374, 1375\u20136,<br>1378, 1379, 1384, 1426<br>Ea\u00a8rnur 875, 886, 1267, 1376\u20139,<br>1384, 1405, 1427<br>East, far (Eastlands) 836, 999<br>East Dales, of Rohan 711<br>East-gate, of Moria see Moria<br>East Lo\u00b4rien 1438<br>East March, of the Shire 12<br>East Wall see Emyn Muil<br>East-West Road (East Road,<br>Old Road, the Road, etc.)<br>57, 87, 88, 93, 110, 140,<br>149, 175, 180, 191\u20137<br>passim, 214, 225, 226, 237,<br>237\u201379 passim, 301, 344,<br>366, 1305, 1309, 1310,<br>1328, 1349; Great Road<br>1360, 1361<br>Eastemnet 555, 659<br>Easterlings (folk of the East)<br>319, 522, 886, 1107, 1110,<br>1159, 1167, 1243, 1253,<br>1269, 1369, 1373, 1396,<br>1400, 1424, 1427, 1438<br>Eastfarthing 8, 12, 93, 115, 141,<br>196, 278, 1457<br>Eastfold 1048, 1435<br>Ecthelion I 1360, 1428, 1466<br>Ecthelion II (Lord of Gondor)<br>1360, 1383, 1390, 1429; see<br>of Westernesse (the tall) 11,<br>21, 68, 74, 242, 263,<br>316\u201323 passim, 329, 480,<br>488, 513, 564, 567, 568,<br>666, 667, 780, 782, 838,<br>867, 886, 985, 1263, 1268,<br>1355\u201360 passim, 1365,<br>1368, 1372, 1374, 1388,<br>1392, 1423, 1482; crown of<br>see Crown of Gondor;<br>Elendil\u2019s Stone see Palant\u0131\u00b4r;<br>emblems of [Seven Stars of<br>Elendil and his captains,<br>had five rays, originally<br>represented the single stars<br>on the banners of each of<br>seven ships (of 9) that bore<br>a palant\u0131\u00b4r; in Gondor the<br>seven stars were set about a<br>white-flowered tree, over<br>which the Kings set a<br>winged crown] 360, 779,<br>985, 1109, 1127, 1249,<br>1268, 1379; heirs, House,<br>line of 263, 322, 488, 875,<br>1127, 1273, see also Aragorn<br>II; livery of the heirs of 985;<br>name 1482; name used as<br>battle-cry 431, 538, 701;<br>realms of 1375; star of see<br>Elendilmir; sword of see<br>Narsil<br>Elendilmir (Star of Elendil, Star<br>of the North Kingdom, Star<br>of the North) [of diamond,<br>had five rays, represented<br>the Star of Ea\u00a8rendil] 191,<br>1110, 1127, 1266, 1267,<br>1365<br>Elendur 1358<br>Elenna, Isle of see Nu\u00b4menor<br>Elessar (Aragorn) see Aragorn II<br>1520 the return of the king<br>Eldamar (Ever-eve, Evereven)<br>306, 307, 485, 779, 1481<br>Eldar (High Elves, of the High<br>Kindred, West-elves),<br>unless specifically or clearly<br>Noldor 9, 105, 290, 397,<br>453, 1347, 1352\u20138 passim,<br>1388, 1389, 1394, 1397,<br>1406, 1419, 1420\u20134 passim,<br>1453, 1456, 1457, 1458\u20139,<br>1464, 1466\u20137, 1468,<br>1481\u20137 passim, 1461,<br>1494\u20135; People of the Great<br>Journey 1495; People of the<br>Stars 1495; Noldor (Elves<br>of the West, the Elven-wise,<br>Lords of the Eldar, Exiles)<br>[followers of Fe\u00a8anor] 105,<br>252, 290, 369, 779, 1352,<br>1420, 1421, 1465, 1466,<br>1476, 1481, 1482, 1495;<br>kings of 1420\u20131, see also<br>Elves of Eregion; Sindar<br>(Grey-elves) 1420, 1421,<br>1464, 1482, 1495; tree, as<br>emblem 397, 398; unions of<br>Eldar and Edain 1352;<br>Eldar and \u2018twilight\u2019 1111<br>Eldarin languages see Elvish<br>languages<br>Eldarion 1393, 1394<br>Elder Days 3, 20, 21, 195, 249,<br>307, 316, 337, 358, 397,<br>404, 412, 454, 456, 463,<br>575, 652, 887, 1359, 1387,<br>1393, 1406, 1420, 1481,<br>1486, 1487,1494<br>Elder Kindred, People, Race see<br>Elves<br>Elder King (Manwe\u00a8) 306<br>Eldest of Trees see Telperion<br>Elendil [elf-friend or star-lover]<br>518, 525, 573, 575, 579,<br>614, 740, 780, 853, 867,<br>888, 909, 926, 954, 962,<br>1012, 1015, 1016, 1019,<br>1024, 1125, 1127, 1130,<br>1140, 1149, 1152, 1154,<br>1156, 1162, 1167, 1249,<br>1270, 1274, 1275, 1277,<br>1280, 1290, 1292, 1294,<br>1345, 1346, 1347, 1351,<br>1353, 1365, 1366, 1386\u201393<br>passim, 1420, 1422, 1424,<br>1426, 1430, 1431, 1438,<br>1439, 1441, 1460; Council<br>of see Council of Elrond;<br>house of see Rivendell;<br>household of 312, 360, 366,<br>1274, 1275, 1294; sons of<br>see Elladan; Elrohir<br>Elros Tar-Minyatur 1353, 1354,<br>1421<br>Elven Door see Moria<br>Elven-cloaks, folk, etc. see Elves<br>Elven-king\u2019s halls, Mirkwood<br>332, 713<br>Elven-rings see Rings of Power<br>Elven-river see Esgalduin<br>Elven-smiths, in First Age 404;<br>of Eregion 61, 315, 331,<br>1413, 1421; at Rivendell<br>360, 361<br>Elven-tongue(s) see Elvish<br>languages<br>Elven-way, from Hollin 393, 395<br>Elvendom [Elvish world, mode<br>of being]<br>Elvenhome 306, 884, 888, 1253,<br>1387; see also Doriath<br>Elves (Firstborn, Elder Kindred,<br>Elder People, Elder Race,<br>Elvish or Elven folk, kin,<br>etc.) 2\u20139 passim, 31, 57, 59,<br>index 1521<br>Elessar (Elfstone, jewel) 305,<br>308, 488, 1129, 1163, 1266,<br>1286<br>Elf-country see Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>Elf-friend, epithet applied to<br>Aragorn 447; Beren 353;<br>Elendil 250; Frodo 106,<br>111, 162, 353; Hador 353,<br>887; Hu\u00b4rin 353; Tu\u00b4rin 353;<br>Elf-friends of Nu\u00b4menor<br>1482; Three Houses of the<br>Elf-friends 1482<br>Elf-kin, lords, magic, etc. see<br>Elves<br>Elf-towers see White Towers<br>Elfhelm 719, 1086, 1087, 1093,<br>1094, 1098, 1304<br>Elfhild 1404<br>Elfstone see Aragorn II; Elessar<br>( jewel)<br>Elfwine the Fair 1405<br>Elladan, son of Elrond 21, 296,<br>303, 355, 357, 1014, 1016,<br>1019, 1022, 1024, 1032,<br>1110, 1127, 1140, 1149,<br>1154, 1156, 1162, 1167,<br>1249, 1270, 1274, 1277,<br>1353, 1366, 1386, 1387,<br>1424, 1438, 1439<br>Elrohir, son of Elrond 21, 296,<br>303, 355, 357, 1014, 1016,<br>1019, 1022, 1024, 1033,<br>1110, 1127, 1140, 1149,<br>1152, 1154, 1156, 1162,<br>1167, 1249, 1270, 1274,<br>1277, 1353, 1366, 1386,<br>1387, 1424, 1439<br>Elrond the Halfelven (Lord of<br>Rivendell) 21, 86, 222, 250,<br>253, 264, 274, 285\u2013366<br>passim, 378, 388, 396, 446,<br>462, 472, 475, 481, 493,<br>languages of see Elvish<br>languages; Elven-lore 66,<br>888; Elf-magic 469, 471,<br>472; and memory 493; and<br>moonlight, sunlight 457;<br>names 1481; New Year<br>1460; relationship with<br>Dwarves 332\u20133, 395; riding<br>elf-fashion 571, 778; rope<br>made by 484, 794\u20138,<br>806\u20137, 1227; sea-longing of<br>1143; seasons of 1453;<br>Elvish sight 555, 559, 687;<br>Elvish sleep and dreams<br>557; ability to run over<br>snow 380; Elven-song 310,<br>491; experience of time 506,<br>1453; Wandering<br>Companies 111; writing see<br>Elvish writing; see also Eldar<br>(High Elves); Elves of<br>Eregion; Elves of<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien; Elves of<br>Mirkwood; Silvan Elves<br>(Wood-elves); Last Alliance<br>of Elves and Men<br>Elves of Eregion 368, 369, 395,<br>1421, 1422, 1475; see also<br>Elven-smiths<br>Elves of Lothlo\u00b4rien 444, 491;<br>Galadhrim (Tree-people)<br>444, 456, 457, 459, 463,<br>464, 467, 482, 487, 488,<br>489; Silvan Elves of Lo\u00b4rien<br>1427; City of the Galadhrim<br>see Caras Galadhon<br>Elves of Mirkwood (Northern<br>Elves, Folk of the Wood)<br>330, 332, 355, 441, 445,<br>1269<br>Elvish country see Lindon;<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>1522 the return of the king<br>Elves \u2013 cont.<br>68, 72, 78, 84, 86, 96,<br>103\u201313 passim, 117, 138,<br>171, 172, 190, 195, 225,<br>243, 249, 252, 261, 273,<br>288\u201395 passim, 304, 310,<br>316, 317, 321, 331, 337,<br>347\u201355 passim, 358, 366,<br>369, 378, 380, 386, 395,<br>414, 439, 444, 449\u201355,<br>459\u201369 passim, 475, 481\u201386<br>passim, 490, 499, 522, 546,<br>562, 570, 575, 598, 604,<br>605, 608, 615, 616, 619,<br>620, 633, 651, 667, 670,<br>713, 743, 800, 804, 806,<br>820, 852, 859, 876, 879,<br>885, 887, 888, 897, 906,<br>943, 944, 946, 953, 954,<br>1142, 1185, 1192, 1194,<br>1197, 1220, 1224, 1272,<br>1286, 1293, 1345, 1352,<br>1360, 1364, 1376, 1423,<br>1432, 1438, 1494; Elves as<br>name of Quendi 1495; Fair<br>Folk 59, 86, 105, 1143;<br>boats of 483\u20136, 493\u2013515<br>passim, 529\u201331, 541\u20135<br>passim, 871, 872; brooches<br>made by 482, 551, 569, 586,<br>597, 735, 871, 1164, 1201,<br>1341; cloaks, robes of 482,<br>484, 503, 542, 551, 555,<br>595, 638, 643, 671, 726,<br>817, 842, 871, 925, 948,<br>956, 1056, 1129, 1165,<br>1193, 1194, 1201, 1220,<br>1226, 1227, 1250, 1341,<br>1437; calendar of 1452\u201360<br>passim; Elf-kings 66, 250;<br>Elf-lords 67, 253, 350; Elfminstrels 300, 1387;<br>Ent-house(s) 613, 628, 629, 631<br>Entish see Ents: language of<br>Entmoot (Moot) 623, 626\u201332,<br>736, 1453<br>Ents 575, 603, 604, 609, 614\u201335<br>passim, 652, 717, 728,<br>730\u201349 passim, 752, 763\u20136<br>passim, 1252, 1281\u20135<br>passim, 1305, 1436, 1485\u20136;<br>Onodrim (Enyd) 575, 651,<br>1485; shepherds of the trees<br>609, 650, 717; Entings 623,<br>630, 1284; Entmaidens 619;<br>Entwives 614, 620, 630,<br>634, 765, 1285; language of<br>(Entish) 604, 615, 621, 623,<br>626, 633, 1485\u20136;<br>remembered in song or tales<br>for children 620\u20132, 651,<br>717; Shadow of the Wood<br>756<br>Entwade 565, 570<br>Entwash 486, 547, 555\u20139<br>passim, 567, 587, 594, 597,<br>609\u201313 passim, 639, 659,<br>661, 742, 872, 1053, 1400;<br>vale of 507, 551<br>Entwood see Fangorn Forest<br>E\u00b4 omer, son of E\u00b4 omund (E\u00b4 omer<br>E\u00b4 adig, Third Marshal of<br>Riddermark or the Mark,<br>later King E\u00b4 omer, King of<br>the Mark) 561\u201371 passim,<br>576, 599, 664, 669\u2013702<br>passim, 708, 710, 718, 719,<br>726, 753, 756, 777, 1013,<br>1014, 1018\u201320, 1028, 1037,<br>1041\u201345 passim, 1048,<br>1049, 1053, 1055, 1087\u201397<br>passim, 1104\u201311 passim,<br>1121, 1127, 1128, 1129,<br>1134, 1135, 1136, 1142,<br>index 1523<br>Elvish languages (Elven, Elvish<br>language, speech, tongue),<br>general or unspecified and<br>uncertain 20, 108, 400, 605,<br>620, 621, 633, 1462, 1468,<br>1481, 1483, 1489, 1490;<br>Eldarin languages (Quenya<br>and Sindarin) 1356, 1461\u20138<br>passim, 1471, 1481\u20132, 1486,<br>1495; Silvan (woodland)<br>tongue, accent 441, 445,<br>1481; see also Quenya<br>(High-elven); Sindarin<br>(Grey-elven); Valinorean<br>Elvish writing (lettering, script)<br>66, 329, 400, 419, 420;<br>Fe\u00a8anorian letters (script)<br>1465, 1468, 1471, 1473,<br>1475\u20136; mode of Beleriand<br>398; see also Runes;<br>Tengwar<br>Elwing the White 253, 305, 316,<br>1352<br>Emyn Arnen 981, 1269<br>Emyn Beraid see Tower Hills<br>Emyn Muil 486, 495, 501, 507,<br>508, 511, 524, 531, 547,<br>550, 555, 556, 646, 649,<br>652, 660, 735, 787\u2013809,<br>850, 875, 947, 993, 1160,<br>1234, 1272, 1369, 1373,<br>1404, 1435; East Wall of<br>Rohan [the western cliffs of<br>Emyn Muil] 561, 568<br>Emyn Uial see Evendim, Hills of<br>Encircling Mountains 948<br>End, the 326<br>Endless Stair 654<br>Enedwaith 1429<br>Enemy, the see Morgoth; Sauron<br>Ent-draughts 613, 623, 732, 748,<br>1252, 1285<br>1050\u20131, 1052, 1086,<br>1095\u2013101 passim, 1280;<br>Lady of the Shield-arm<br>1405<br>Ephel Du\u00b4ath (Mountains of<br>Shadow, Shadowy<br>Mountains, Haunted<br>Mountains, fences, walls of<br>Mordor) 318, 327, 395, 523,<br>824, 831, 835, 837, 839, 847,<br>848, 850, 862, 905, 912, 914,<br>920, 929, 938, 947, 955,<br>1000, 1048, 1158, 1159,<br>1176, 1178, 1198, 1201,<br>1202, 1206, 1213, 1231,<br>1272, 1383, 1480<br>Eradan 1360<br>Erebor (Lonely Mountain, site<br>of Dwarf-kingdom) 14, 35,<br>97, 297, 298, 313, 364, 447,<br>490, 682, 1141, 1148, 1153,<br>1269, 1284, 1407, 1408,<br>1414\u201317 passim, 1427,<br>1428, 1431, 1437, 1438,<br>1476; Folk of see Dwarves<br>of Erebor; gate of 1417,<br>1438; Great Hall of 1407;<br>key of 1429; Kingdom of<br>Da\u00b4in 1407; Kings under the<br>Mountain 14<br>Erech 1023, 1144, 1436; name<br>1483; Hill of 1023, 1033;<br>Stone of see Stone of Erech<br>Ered Lithui (Ashen Mountains)<br>817, 824, 831, 835, 1167,<br>1207, 1213, 1221, 1369;<br>mountain-walls of Mordor<br>817, 824<br>Ered Luin see Blue Mountains<br>Ered Mithrin 1396<br>Ered Nimrais see White<br>Mountains<br>1524 the return of the king<br>E\u00b4 omer \u2013 cont.<br>1151\u20135 passim, 1162, 1250,<br>1257, 1262, 1263, 1264,<br>1265, 1274\u201380 passim,<br>1404\u20135, 1431, 1435, 1439,<br>1442, 1443<br>E\u00b4 omund 570, 1404; see also<br>E\u00b4 omer, son of E\u00b4 omund;<br>E\u00b4 owyn, daughter of<br>E\u00b4 omund<br>E\u00b4 ored [a troop of Riders of<br>Rohan] 565, 568, 1086,<br>1094, 1095, 1097, 1276<br>Eorl the Young (lord of the Men<br>of the E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od, King of the<br>Mark) 560, 566, 568, 663,<br>668, 673, 700, 717, 1270,<br>1278, 1279, 1281, 1381,<br>1395\u20137, 1401, 1405, 1428;<br>House of [dynasty] 678,<br>682, 683, 755, 757, 1027,<br>1028, 1043, 1135; house of<br>[hall] 783; house of [both],<br>i.e. hall and dynasty 757,<br>1135; lords of the House of<br>see The\u00b4oden: household of;<br>Oath of 1381, 1382, 1405;<br>Sons of Eorl (Eorlingas) see<br>Rohirrim<br>E\u00b4 othain 565, 571<br>E\u00b4 othe\u00b4od 1395, 1396, 1426<br>E\u00b4 owyn, daughter of E\u00b4 omund<br>(Lady of Rohan, later of<br>Ithilien, the White Lady of<br>Rohan) 669, 672, 679\u201385<br>passim, 1017, 1024\u20137, 1041,<br>1042\u20134, 1049, 1050,<br>1100\u20137 passim, 1123\u201339<br>passim, 1144, 1255\u201365<br>passim, 1270, 1279, 1286,<br>1404, 1431, 1439, 1441;<br>disguised as Dernhelm<br>1301, 1366, 1377, 1441,<br>1459<br>Evenstar see Arwen<br>Ever-eve (Evereven) see Eldamar<br>Everholt, great boar of 1402<br>Evermind see Simbelmyne\u00a8<br>Evernight 306<br>Everwhite, Mount see Oiolosse\u00a8<br>Exiles see Elves: Noldor;<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>Express train, as analogy 36<br>Eye, the (of Barad-du\u02c6r, of<br>Mordor, of Sauron, Great<br>Eye, Lidless Eye, Red Eye,<br>etc.) 474, 475, 477, 523,<br>581, 588, 651, 735, 769,<br>789, 817, 824, 826, 839,<br>966, 1150, 1151, 1158,<br>1175, 1224, 1232, 1237;<br>Red Eye (Evil Eye, the<br>Eye), as emblem 541, 588,<br>1075, 1163, 1181, 1194,<br>1209; sometimes used as a<br>synonym for Sauron<br>Faces, so called by Gollum, see<br>Moon; Sun<br>Fair Folk see Elves<br>Fairbairn, Elfstan 1442<br>Fairbairns of Westmarch (of the<br>Towers) 19, 1442, 1450<br>Faithful, the see Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>Falastur 1367, 1424<br>Fall of Gil-galad, The 243<br>Fallohides 4, 8, 1425, 1485;<br>names 1492<br>Fang, Farmer Maggot\u2019s dog 120,<br>121<br>Fangorn, the Ent see Treebeard<br>Fangorn Forest (Entwood) 371,<br>486, 496, 547, 556, 557,<br>558, 568, 569, 572\u20136<br>index 1525<br>Eregion (Hollin) 61, 315, 329,<br>331, 368\u201372 passim, 393,<br>395, 397, 1289, 1360, 1406,<br>1421, 1434, 1468, 1475;<br>elven-script of 329; Elves of<br>see Elves: of Eregion; road<br>from, to Moria 391, 392,<br>395; see also Elven-smiths<br>Erelas 978, 1053<br>Eresse\u00a8a 318, 1253, 1365, 1420,<br>1466; Isles of the West<br>1390; Lost Isle 1253; Haven<br>of the Eldar in 1354<br>Erestor 312, 346, 348, 350, 1274<br>Eriador 3, 4, 20, 227, 1360,<br>1362, 1366, 1381, 1392,<br>1413, 1415, 1417, 1422\u20138<br>passim, 1452, 1480, 1485<br>Erkenbrand, lord of Westfold<br>690, 692, 706, 708, 711,<br>719, 1435<br>Erling, son of Holman \u2018the<br>greenhanded\u2019 1450<br>Errand-riders of Gondor 978,<br>983, 997, 1001, 1045, 1050,<br>1093<br>Erui 1145; Crossings of 1371,<br>1425; see also Battle of the<br>Crossings of Erui<br>Esgalduin (Elven-river) 250, 253<br>Esgaroth (Long Lake) 39, 76,<br>289, 1416, 1430, 1484;<br>language of 1483\u20134; Men of<br>1484<br>Ethir Anduin see Anduin:<br>mouths of<br>Ettendales 265<br>Ettenmoors 261, 344, 357, 1361,<br>1426<br>Evendim, Hills of (Emyn Uial)<br>1377<br>Evendim, Lake (Nenuial) 318,<br>1421, 1465, 1467; letters see<br>Elvish writing; Star of the<br>House of Fe\u00a8anor [of silver,<br>had eight rays] 397; see also<br>Eldar<br>Felagund see Finrod Felagund<br>Felaro\u00b4f (Mansbane) 663, 1397,<br>1401<br>Fell Winter 231, 375, 1429<br>Fellowship of the Ring<br>(Fellowship) see Company<br>of the Ring<br>Fen Hollen (Closed Door, the<br>Steward\u2019s Door) 1081,<br>1082, 1114, 1120<br>Fengel 1279, 1403<br>Fenmarch 1051, 1053<br>Ferny, surname 203<br>Ferny, Bill (Chief \u2019s Big Man)<br>210, 215, 216, 227, 234,<br>236\u20137, 238, 287, 1296,<br>1299, 1302, 1307, 1314<br>Ferry see Bucklebury Ferry<br>Ferry lane 126, 128<br>F\u0131\u00b4li 1413, 1416, 1418<br>Fimbrethil (Wandlimb) [Slimbirch] 619, 634; name 1486<br>Finarfin 1481, 1495<br>Findegil, King\u2019s writer 20<br>Finduilas of Dol Amroth 1260,<br>1384, 1430, 1431<br>Finglas see Leaflock<br>Finrod Felagund (Friend-ofMen) 1364, 1421, 1481;<br>House of 105<br>Fire- (Fiery) Mountain see<br>Mount Doom<br>Firefoot 684<br>Fireworks 32\u20133, 35\u20136, 468, 469<br>F\u0131\u00b4riel 1374, 1426<br>Firien Wood (Firienwood) 1051,<br>1402; alluded to 1053<br>1526 the return of the king<br>Fangorn Forest \u2013 cont.<br>passim, 586\u201399 passim,<br>600\u201351, 657, 713, 715, 721,<br>730, 735, 736, 764, 767,<br>1020, 1281, 1284, 1435;<br>name (Fangorn) 1486; East<br>End 610<br>Fanuidhol the Grey<br>(Bundushathu\u02c6r, Shathu\u02c6r,<br>Cloudyhead) 368, 433,<br>1289<br>Far Downs 5, 6, 1347, 1442, 1450<br>Faramir, son of Denethor<br>(Captain of Gondor, of the<br>White Tower, Lord, later<br>Steward of Gondor, of the<br>City, etc.) 20, 320, 321,<br>859\u2013911 passim, 925, 926,<br>931, 945, 950, 987, 993,<br>1001, 1003, 1011, 1057\u201383<br>passim, 1113, 1116\u201322,<br>1125\u201333 passim, 1139,<br>1158, 1159, 1195, 1205,<br>1226, 1256\u201370 passim,<br>1275\u201380 passim, 1385,<br>1431, 1435, 1436; Lord of<br>Emyn Arnen 1360; Prince<br>of Ithilien 1269, 1277, 1279<br>Faramir, son of Ondoher 1374<br>Farin 1418<br>Farthings 12, 129, 303; see also<br>Eastfarthing; Northfarthing;<br>Southfarthing; Westfarthing<br>Fastred, killed in Battle of the<br>Pelennor Fields 1112<br>Fastred, of Greenholm 1442,<br>1450<br>Fastred, son of Folcwine 1382,<br>1403, 1429<br>Fatty Lumpkin 188, 189, 191,<br>234<br>Fe\u00a8anor 397, 779, 781, 1352,<br>Fra\u00b4r 420<br>Fre\u00b4a 1279, 1401<br>Fre\u00b4ala\u00b4f Hildeson 1279, 1399,<br>1400, 1428<br>Fre\u00b4awine 1279, 1397, 1401<br>Freca 1397, 1398<br>Free Fair 13, 1341<br>Free Peoples (of the World, Free<br>Folk) 345, 359, 366, 604,<br>1249<br>Frerin 1408, 1410, 1418<br>Frogmorton 1310, 1312, 1440<br>Fro\u00b4r 1407, 1418<br>Frumgar 1396<br>Fundin 1410; see also Balin, son<br>of Fundin<br>Gaffer, the see Gamgee, Hamfast<br>Galadhrim see Elves of<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>Galadriel (Lady of Lo\u00b4rien, of<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien, of the Elves, of<br>the Galadhrim, of the<br>Golden Wood, of the<br>Wood, the Lady, Elvish<br>Lady, etc.) 21, 447, 452\u201393<br>passim, 505, 506, 554, 555,<br>562, 569, 570, 571\u20132, 614,<br>647, 656, 666, 671, 684,<br>740, 797, 871, 888\u20139, 926,<br>932, 942, 954, 956, 958,<br>1014, 1129, 1146, 1180,<br>1193, 1197, 1201, 1204,<br>1212, 1227, 1236, 1247,<br>1274, 1276, 1277, 1282,<br>1285, 1286, 1287, 1289,<br>1338, 1345, 1346, 1347,<br>1348, 1390, 1394, 1419,<br>1421, 1424, 1438, 1440,<br>1481; Lady that dies not<br>872; Mistress of Magic 872;<br>Queen Galadriel 714;<br>index 1527<br>Firienfeld 1040<br>First Age 1351, 1352, 1362,<br>1406, 1420, 1454, 1468,<br>1482, 1483<br>Firstborn see Elves<br>Fish and chips 856<br>Fladrif see Skinbark<br>Flet (talan) 446, 447, 448, 449,<br>456, 461, 499, 506<br>Floating Log, The 1310\u201311<br>Flo\u00b4i 419<br>Flourdumpling see Whitfoot,<br>Will<br>Folca 1279, 1402<br>Folcred 1403<br>Folcwine 1279, 1382, 1400,<br>1402, 1429<br>Folde 1051, 1053<br>Folklands 12<br>Forbidden Door see Door of the<br>Dead<br>Forest River 479<br>Forlond see Grey Havens<br>Forlong the Fat, Lord of<br>Lossarnach 1008, 1107,<br>1111; name 1483<br>Fornost (Fornost Erain,<br>Norbury of the Kings,<br>Deadmen\u2019s Dike, northcity) 5, 6, 12, 318, 1023,<br>1301, 1362, 1363, 1376,<br>1426; last battle at see Battle<br>of Fornost<br>Forochel 1363; see also Lossoth<br>Forochel, Bay of 1462, 1480<br>Forochel, Cape of 1363<br>Forodwaith 1363<br>Forsaken Inn, The 245<br>Fourth Age 19, 1351, 1420,<br>1441, 1460<br>Fox, thinking 94<br>Fram 1396, 1397<br>Gamgee, Halfred, son of<br>Hamfast 1450<br>Gamgee, Hamfast (the Gaffer,<br>Old Gamgee) 28\u201331, 49,<br>83, 91, 99\u2013100, 342, 470,<br>472, 477, 794, 798, 814,<br>815, 832, 860, 889, 916,<br>1221, 1304, 1323, 1326\u20137,<br>1337, 1340, 1342, 1433,<br>1450; Ranugad (Ran) 1493;<br>name 1493; and potatoes<br>(taters) 29, 31, 855, 1327<br>Gamgee, Hamfast, son of<br>Samwise 1450<br>Gamgee, Hamson 1450<br>Gamgee, Hobson \u2018Roper\u2019 798,<br>1450<br>Gamgee, Marigold 1221, 1450<br>Gamgee, May 1450<br>Gamgee, Merry 1347, 1450<br>Gamgee, Pippin 1347, 1450<br>Gamgee, Primrose 1450<br>Gamgee, Robin 1450<br>Gamgee, Rose, daughter of<br>Samwise 1347, 1450<br>Gamgee, Rose, wife of Samwise<br>see Cotton, Rose<br>Gamgee, Ruby 1450<br>Gamgee, Samwise (Sam,<br>Hamfast\u2019s Son, Master<br>Samwise, Sam Gardner,<br>etc.) 17, 20, 28, 31, 58\u201360<br>passim, 65, 77, 81\u2013280<br>passim, 285, 286, 293\u20136<br>passim, 300, 303, 309, 310,<br>311, 353\u2013531 passim, 537,<br>539, 545, 571, 614, 628,<br>639, 646, 744, 770,<br>787\u2013971 passim, 1036,<br>1042, 1061\u20132, 1067, 1164,<br>1172\u2013240 passim, 1244\u201353<br>passim, 1266, 1271, 1277,<br>1528 the return of the king<br>Galadriel \u2013 cont.<br>Sorceress of the Golden<br>Wood 670; White Lady<br>888; gift of sheath for<br>Andu\u00b4ril to Aragorn 488,<br>667; gift of belt to Boromir<br>489, 542, 871; gift of hair to<br>Gimli 489\u201390, 493, 497,<br>657; gift of bow and arrows<br>to Legolas 489, 504, 649,<br>666; gift of belts to Merry<br>and Pippin 489; gift of box<br>to Sam 489, 1127, 1247,<br>1338\u20139, 1346; magic of<br>471; Mirror of see Mirror of<br>Galadriel; Phial of see Phial<br>of Galadriel<br>Galathilion [the Tree of the<br>High Elves, which was<br>derived from the elder of<br>the Two Trees of the Valar,<br>Telperion and Laurelin]<br>1273<br>Galdor 312, 325, 330, 333, 346,<br>347<br>Galenas see Pipe-weed<br>Gamgee family 90, 1450, 1496;<br>name 1496<br>Gamgee, Bell ne\u00b4e Goodchild<br>1450<br>Gamgee, Bilbo 1450<br>Gamgee, Daisy, daughter of<br>Hamfast 1450<br>Gamgee, Daisy, daughter of<br>Samwise 1450<br>Gamgee, Elanor 1343, 1347,<br>1349, 1367, 1440, 1441,<br>1450<br>Gamgee, Frodo 1347, 1450<br>Gamgee, Halfast 58, 59, 1450<br>Gamgee, Halfred, of Overhill<br>1450<br>1148\u201359 passim, 1162\u201368<br>passim, 1221, 1239\u201347<br>passim, 1266, 1268, 1271\u20132,<br>1277, 1282\u20133, 1287\u2013305<br>passim, 1332, 1348, 1383\u20134,<br>1389, 1403, 1415\u20137,<br>1424\u201336 passim, 1440,<br>1490; Grey Fool 1078,<br>1117; Inca\u00b4nus, Olo\u00b4rin,<br>Tharku\u02c6n 876; Lathspell<br>669; Stormcrow 669, 981;<br>voice of 523, 645<br>Gap of Rohan 336, 373, 385,<br>487, 568, 627, 659, 718,<br>887, 1165, 1286<br>Gardner family 1444, 1450<br>Gardner, Frodo 1450<br>Gardner, Holfast 1450<br>Gate of Kings see Argonath<br>Gate of Mordor see Morannon<br>Gate-stream see Sirannon<br>Gates of Gondor see Argonath<br>Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n (Wild Man)<br>1087\u201393, 1094, 1277<br>Gha\u02c6sh 427<br>Gift of Men (Doom of Men)<br>1354, 1391, 1394<br>Gildor Inglorion 105\u2013111<br>passim, 138, 173, 225, 770,<br>1345, 1462<br>Gil-galad 68, 242\u20133, 249\u201350,<br>316, 317, 329, 1353, 1355,<br>1420\u20134 passim<br>Gilthoniel see Elbereth<br>Gilraen 1385\u201392 passim, 1429,<br>1430, 1432, 1462; name<br>1482<br>Gilrain 1145<br>Gimli, son of Glo\u00b4in (Durin\u2019s<br>son) 312, 359, 364\u2013528<br>passim, 539\u201377 passim,<br>636\u2013718 passim, 726\u20137,<br>index 1529<br>1285\u2013349 passim, 1369,<br>1431\u201344 passim, 1448,<br>1450, 1453, 1460, 1496;<br>Banaz\u0131\u02c6r 1493; Berhael 1248;<br>name 1493<br>Gamgee, Tolman \u2018Tom\u2019 1450<br>Gamling the Old 692, 693, 699,<br>700, 702, 708<br>Gammidge, Hob \u2018the Roper\u2019,<br>\u2018Old Gammidgy\u2019 1450<br>Gammidge, Rowan 1450<br>Gamwich 1450<br>Gamwich, Wiseman 1450<br>Gandalf the Grey (Mithrandir,<br>Greyhame, Grey Pilgrim,<br>Grey Wanderer, Gandalf<br>the White, the Wise, White<br>Rider, Leader of the<br>Company, etc.) 11, 14, 17,<br>31\u20133 passim, 41\u20137 passim,<br>52\u201391 passim, 97, 98, 100,<br>109, 110, 111, 135, 137\u201343<br>passim, 173\u20134, 183, 184,<br>198, 217\u201328 passim, 240,<br>243\u20138 passim, 250, 255,<br>258, 260, 269\u201374 passim,<br>285\u2013302 passim, 310, 311,<br>321\u201356 passim, 358\u2013437<br>passim, 462\u201380 passim, 513,<br>516, 517, 525, 538, 541,<br>566, 568, 573, 579, 590,<br>606\u20137, 614, 641\u201390 passim,<br>703\u201330 passim, 734, 739,<br>743, 744, 746\u201384 passim,<br>803, 837, 842, 846, 876\u20137,<br>885, 888, 891, 896\u20137, 898,<br>906, 917, 926, 957, 978\u201396<br>passim, 1001\u20134 passim,<br>1010, 1011, 1016, 1021,<br>1038, 1042, 1046, 1054\u201385<br>passim, 1104, 1113\u201325<br>passim, 1128\u201342 passim,<br>Golden Hall (Golden House) see<br>Meduseld<br>Golden Perch, The 115, 121<br>Golden Tree see Laurelin<br>Golden Wood see Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>Goldwine 1279, 1401<br>Gollum (Sme\u00b4agol, Slinker,<br>Stinker, etc.) 14\u201317 passim,<br>44, 45, 63, 69\u201379 passim,<br>324, 327\u201333 passim, 340,<br>354, 357, 406, 410, 414,<br>439, 449, 456, 497\u2013501<br>passim, 514, 525, 593, 594,<br>789, 800\u201357 passim, 863,<br>879, 882, 895\u2013951 passim,<br>957, 966\u20137, 1067, 1196,<br>1201, 1210, 1211, 1225,<br>1226, 1228, 1234\u20138 passim,<br>1427\u201347 passim; Sme\u00b4agolGollum debate 826\u20138<br>Gondolin 316, 412, 464, 1353,<br>1464<br>Gondor (South-kingdom, South,<br>Southlands, etc.) 5, 11, 20,<br>21, 313\u201324 passim, 328,<br>334, 347, 363, 385, 431,<br>440, 478, 480, 508, 516,<br>529, 540, 542, 549, 560,<br>561, 564, 567, 575, 617,<br>619, 660, 666, 669, 674,<br>682, 689, 734, 780, 796,<br>831, 836, 850, 859, 862,<br>870, 872, 875, 877, 886\u20137,<br>894, 903, 904, 905, 909,<br>912, 919, 931, 953, 978\u201394<br>passim, 998\u20131008 passim,<br>1022, 1023, 1040, 1045,<br>1048, 1050, 1052, 1053,<br>1061, 1064, 1073, 1078,<br>1087, 1090, 1095, 1108\u201312<br>passim, 1119, 1125, 1128,<br>1138, 1142, 1148, 1152,<br>1530 the return of the king<br>Gimli \u2013 cont.<br>730\u20134 passim, 746, 750\u20135<br>passim, 762, 763, 764, 879,<br>1012, 1015\u20131054 passim,<br>1036, 1042, 1050, 1110,<br>1141\u20139 passim, 1153, 1156,<br>1162, 1250, 1251, 1252,<br>1271, 1277, 1281, 1284,<br>1351, 1413\u201319 passim,<br>1443, 1488; Lockbearer<br>657; one of the Three<br>Hunters 546, 640<br>Gladden Fields 69, 317, 330,<br>357, 1429, 1430; Disaster of<br>69, 317, 1358, 1424<br>Gladden River 357, 1362, 1380,<br>1395, 1410, 1480, 1484,<br>1485; sources of 357<br>Glamdring 364, 404, 421, 430,<br>667, 1300<br>Glanduin 1360<br>Gle\u00b4owine 1278<br>Glittering Caves of Aglarond<br>713\u201314, 783, 1015, 1251,<br>1281; Lord of see Gimli<br>Glo\u00b4in, son of Gro\u00b4in 297\u20139, 312,<br>313, 324, 325, 332, 349,<br>350, 1413, 1418; see also<br>Gimli, son of Glo\u00b4in<br>Glo\u00b4in, son of Thorin I 1418<br>Glorfindel (Elf-lord) 273\u201380<br>passim, 287\u201395 passim, 312,<br>346, 347, 348, 349, 359,<br>1274, 1377, 1405, 1434<br>Goatleaf, surname 203<br>Goatleaf, Harry 197\u20138, 215,<br>227, 1296, 1299<br>Goblins see Orcs<br>Golasgil 1009<br>Goldberry (River-daughter) 156,<br>158, 160\u20135, 168, 169,<br>172\u20133, 176\u20137, 189, 193<br>Goodbody family 37, 38, 40,<br>1445<br>Goodbody, Lily (Baggins)<br>1445<br>Goodbody, Togo 1445<br>Gorbag 960\u201370 passim, 1175,<br>1179, 1183, 1194, 1202<br>Gore see Naith of Lo\u00b4rien<br>Gorgoroth 318, 523, 831, 839,<br>891, 923, 929, 1168, 1177,<br>1178, 1206, 1207, 1213,<br>1222, 1231, 1243<br>Gothmog 1107<br>Gram 1279, 1402<br>Grange, Old 1330<br>Great, the 3, 353<br>Great Armament 1422<br>Great Battle, at end of First Age<br>1420<br>Great Bridge see Brandywine<br>Bridge<br>Great Danger 1347<br>Great Darkness, of Morgoth<br>609, 610, 616, 633<br>Great Enemy see Morgoth<br>Great Gate of the City see Minas<br>Tirith<br>Great Gate(s) see Moria<br>Great Jewel see Silmaril(s)<br>Great Lands see Middle-earth<br>Great River see Anduin<br>Great Ships, Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4rean 615<br>Great Siege 967<br>Great Signal 923\u20134, 966<br>Great Smials (Great Place of the<br>Tooks) 9, 19, 21, 600, 1321,<br>1428, 1448<br>Great Wars [against Morgoth<br>and Sauron]<br>Great Years 1432\u20138<br>Green Dragon, The 58, 86, 193,<br>1313, 1314<br>index 1531<br>1154, 1156, 1159, 1161,<br>1162, 1168, 1177, 1242,<br>1254, 1256, 1265, 1272,<br>1276, 1279, 1292, 1293,<br>1300, 1315, 1351, 1357\u201361<br>passim, 1365\u201385 passim,<br>1390, 1395\u2013405 passim,<br>1417, 1422\u201331 passim,<br>1438\u201343 passim, 1480,<br>1484, 1487; Realm in Exile<br>1358, 1422; Stoningland<br>1111; names 1482, 1483;<br>calendar, reckoning of 1351,<br>1401, 1452; City of Gondor<br>see Minas Tirith; Council of<br>1374; Crown of see Crown<br>of Gondor; Errand-riders<br>see Errand-riders of<br>Gondor; Fields of see<br>Pelennor; Kings, Ship-kings<br>of 775, 1359, 1395, 1424;<br>language of 1106, 1403,<br>1461, 1465, 1489, 1490;<br>Lords of see Stewards; Men<br>of (folk, people, race, etc.)<br>11, 348, 508, 567, 571, 831,<br>836, 874, 887\u20138, 890, 981,<br>1083, 1089, 1106, 1107,<br>1148, 1165, 1242, 1249,<br>1256, 1264, 1265, 1266,<br>1277; Minstrel of 1249;<br>Northern Army of 1374,<br>1396; palant\u0131\u00b4r of 780;<br>southern fiefs 981, 1110;<br>tombs of see Hallows;<br>wardens of Gondor upon the<br>West (at Orthanc) 724;<br>writing in 1473\u20134; Eastborders 567; North March<br>873; South Gondor 1371; see<br>also Ano\u00b4rien; Beacon hills;<br>Ithilien; Minas Tirith; etc.<br>Grimslade 1111<br>Grip 120, 121, 122<br>Grishna\u00b4kh 581\u20132, 587\u201396<br>passim, 638, 639, 735, 1462,<br>1487<br>Gro\u00b4in 1418<br>Grond, battering-ram 1083\u20134<br>Grond, Hammer of the<br>Underworld, Morgoth\u2019s<br>mace 1084<br>Gro\u00b4r 1407, 1411, 1418, 1428<br>Grubb family 37, 38, 40<br>Grubb, Laura 37<br>Guards of the Citadel (of Minas<br>Tirith) 985, 998, 1004,<br>1006, 1010, 1045, 1122,<br>1156, 1248, 1266\u20139 passim;<br>livery of 985, 1055, 1060,<br>1113, 1115, 1129, 1248,<br>1250\u20131, 1316<br>Guarded City see Minas Tirith<br>Guardians see Valar<br>Gundabad 1410<br>Guthla\u00b4f 1096, 1104, 1111<br>Gu\u00b4thwine (E\u00b4 omer\u2019s sword)<br>696<br>Gwaihir the Windlord 340\u20131,<br>355, 646, 655, 1241\u20135<br>passim,<br>Gwathlo\u00b4 see Greyflood<br>Hador, steward 1360, 1455<br>Hador the Goldenhaired, the<br>Elf-friend 353, 887; House<br>of Hador 1353<br>Halbarad 1014\u201321 passim, 1024,<br>1029, 1034, 1110, 1111<br>Haldir 446\u201362 passim, 467,<br>483\u20134, 499, 795<br>Haleth Helm\u2019s son 1399, 1402<br>Half-elven (Peredhil) 519, 1353;<br>see also Elrond the Halfelven<br>1532 the return of the king<br>Green Hills (Green Hill<br>Country), of the Shire 93,<br>1321, 1328, 1345<br>Green Hills, of Gondor see<br>Pinnath Gelin<br>Greenhand, Halfred 1450<br>Greenhand, Holman 1450<br>Greenway (North Road) 11,<br>197, 201, 203\u20134, 215, 334,<br>342, 357, 1299, 1301, 1315,<br>1433; Greenway-crossing<br>197<br>Greenwood the Great see<br>Mirkwood<br>Grey Company 656, 1016, 1024,<br>1028\u201334 passim<br>Grey-elven see Sindarin<br>Grey-elves see Eldar<br>Grey Host see Dead, the<br>Grey Havens 9, 21, 57, 59, 312,<br>325, 346, 369, 453, 1143,<br>1276, 1346, 1347, 1353,<br>1360, 1366, 1376, 1394,<br>1421, 1424, 1441, 1442;<br>Forlond 1376; Harlond<br>1376; Mithlond 780, 1347<br>Grey Mountains 1407, 1427,<br>1436<br>Grey Pilgrim see Gandalf<br>Grey Wood 1093, 1277<br>Greyflood (Gwathlo\u00b4) 262, 357,<br>358, 371, 487, 1289, 1301,<br>1360, 1361, 1368, 1433<br>Gr\u0131\u00b4ma, son of Ga\u00b4lmo\u00b4d see<br>Wormtongue<br>Grimbeorn the Old 297<br>Grimbold [a marshal<br>distinguished in battles at<br>the Fords of Isen,<br>commanded the Left-wing<br>and fell in the battle of<br>Pelennor] 719, 1095, 1111<br>Southron 863\u20134; Swarthy<br>Men 1047; Swertings 845,<br>865<br>Hardbottle 1336<br>Harding, of Rohan 1111<br>Harding of the Hill 1450<br>Harfoots 4, 8, 1425, 1485<br>Harlond see Grey Havens<br>Harlond, harbour of Minas<br>Tirith 981, 1108, 1110,<br>1148, 1153<br>Harnen 1368<br>Harrowdale 1025, 1035, 1037,<br>1042, 1401, 1436<br>Hasufel 371, 572, 576, 636, 658,<br>660, 664, 684, 703, 730,<br>1012<br>Haudh in Gwanu\u02c6r 1382<br>Haunted Mountain see<br>Dwimorberg<br>Haunted Pass see Cirith Gorgor<br>Havens see Grey Havens<br>Hay Gate see Buckland<br>Haysend 129, 149<br>Hayward, Hob 1308, 1309<br>Healers see Houses of Healing<br>Heathertoes, surname 203<br>Heathertoes, Mat 1299<br>Hedge see High Hay<br>Helm \u2018Hammerhand\u2019 629, 705,<br>1279, 1381, 1397\u2013402<br>passim, 1428; horn of 703,<br>705, 1278<br>Helm\u2019s Deep (the Deep)<br>686\u2013710 passim, 738, 756,<br>768, 777, 783, 1024, 1025,<br>1279, 1281, 1399, 1428,<br>1435, 1439; caverns of see<br>Glittering Caves of<br>Aglarond; see also Deepingcoomb; Deeping Stream;<br>Deeping Wall<br>index 1533<br>Halflings see Hobbits<br>Halflings, country of see Shire<br>Halifirien 978, 1053<br>Hall of Fire see Rivendell<br>Hall of the Kings (of the Tower)<br>see Citadel of Gondor<br>Hallas 1360<br>Hallow, on Mount Mindolluin<br>1272<br>Hallows, in Minas Tirith 1115,<br>1269; see also House of the<br>Kings; House of the<br>Stewards<br>Ha\u00b4ma, captain of the King\u2019s<br>Guard 666, 667, 671\u20137<br>passim, 683, 689, 712,<br>757<br>Ha\u00b4ma, Helm\u2019s son 1399, 1402<br>Hamfast of Gamwich 1450<br>Hammer of the Underworld see<br>Grond<br>Harad (South) 323, 862, 864,<br>1002, 1061, 1083, 1381,<br>1425, 1463; Haradwaith<br>1381; Sunlands 845; havens<br>of 522; kingdoms of, in the<br>Far South 862; kings of<br>1368; men of see Haradrim<br>Haradrim (folk, men, peoples of<br>Harad) 319, 862, 886, 1046,<br>1061, 1069, 1098, 1107,<br>1111, 1145, 1146, 1159,<br>1243, 1269, 1368, 1372,<br>1373, 1374, 1382, 1402,<br>1425, 1429; champion of<br>1074; chieftain (the black<br>serpent) 1099, 1102; men<br>like half-trolls from Far<br>Harad 1107; Men of Near<br>Harad 1374; Southrons 862,<br>863, 882, 1099, 1107, 1110,<br>1131, 1253, 1293; dead<br>Hirgon 1045, 1046, 1047, 1048,<br>1093<br>Hirluin the Fair 1009, 1107,<br>1112<br>Hither Shore(s) see Middle-earth<br>Hithlain [mist-thread] 484<br>Hoarwell (Mitheithel) 4, 261,<br>272, 344, 357, 1361, 1362,<br>1434; name 1491; Bridge of<br>Mitheithel see Last Bridge<br>Hobbit, The 1, 14\u201316, 1494<br>Hobbiton 8, 28\u201337, 55, 87, 89,<br>93, 94, 99, 100, 123, 134,<br>219, 301, 303, 325, 342\u20133,<br>467\u20138, 375, 614, 793, 1201,<br>1309, 1311, 1314, 1320\u201331<br>passim, 1337, 1338, 1432,<br>1441, 1445, 1460; folk of<br>1326<br>Hobbiton Road 1314<br>Hobbits (Little Folk, Little<br>People) 1\u201342 passim, 48\u201358<br>passim, 63, 64, 69\u201372<br>passim, 82, 87, 90, 92, 94,<br>120, 123, 124, 140, 141,<br>171, 345, 387, 565, 605,<br>625, 639, 727, 765, 996\u20137,<br>1308\u201341 passim, 1362,<br>1452, 1486; Halflings 446,<br>453, 520, 565, 580, 591,<br>861, 873, 890, 987, 1060,<br>1266, 1485; Holbytla(n)<br>727, 1013, 1485, 1496;<br>Periain, Periannath (sing.<br>Perian) 20, 1005, 1056,<br>1125, 1140, 1157, 1266,<br>1425, 1426; and<br>architecture, craft of<br>building 8, 9; and boats,<br>water 8, 29, 128, 479;<br>calendar of see Shire<br>Reckoning; character,<br>1534 the return of the king<br>Helm\u2019s Dike (the Dike) 689, 691,<br>692, 707, 708, 711, 712, 721,<br>1017, 1020, 1024, 1399<br>Helm\u2019s Gate (the Gate) 688,<br>691, 692, 707, 708, 711<br>Helmingas see Westfold: men of<br>Hending, son of Holman \u2018the<br>greenhanded\u2019 1450<br>Henneth Annu\u02c6n, Window of the<br>Sunset (Window-curtain,<br>Curtain) 881, 893\u20136 passim,<br>909, 911, 1061, 1160, 1253,<br>1381, 1429, 1436<br>Herblore of the Shire 10, 20<br>Herefara 1112<br>Herion 1360<br>Herubrand 1112<br>Herugrim (The\u00b4oden\u2019s sword)<br>675, 676, 677<br>Hidden Land see Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>High City see Citadel of Gondor<br>High Court see Citadel of<br>Gondor<br>High-elven see Quenya<br>High Elves see Eldar: Noldor<br>High Hay (Hedge) 129, 139,<br>143, 144, 145<br>High Pass see Cirith Ungol<br>High Pass, in Misty Mountains<br>228<br>Hild 1399<br>Hill, the (Hobbiton Hill) 27, 28,<br>32, 33, 52, 60, 90, 92, 99,<br>123, 342, 467, 472, 1330,<br>1331, 1335, 1337, 1460<br>Hill of Hearing see Amon Lhaw<br>Hill of the Eye, of Sight see<br>Amon Hen<br>Hill Road 90, 1331<br>Hill-trolls see Trolls<br>Hillmen see Dunlendings;<br>Rhudaur<br>Hornblower, Tobold (Tobold<br>the Old, Old Toby) 10\u201311,<br>728<br>Hornburg (the Burg) 689\u2013704<br>passim, 711, 712, 757,<br>1015\u201324 passim, 1110,<br>1150, 1399, 1400, 1436,<br>1488; Hornburg-gates 695;<br>see also Battle of the<br>Hornburg<br>Hornrock (Rock) 689, 696\u2013705<br>passim<br>Horse-men\u2019s road 1089<br>Host of the West, against Witchking 1377<br>Host of the West, army from<br>Valinor at end of First Age<br>1407<br>Host of the West (army of<br>the West, Men of the<br>West), against Sauron<br>1437<br>Host of Valinor 1420<br>Hound of Sauron see Wolves<br>House of Hu\u00b4rin see Stewards<br>House of the Kings (Houses of<br>the Dead) 1269, 1379,<br>1393, 1394<br>House of the Stewards, tombs<br>1078, 1081, 1113<br>Houses of Healing 1120\u201344<br>passim, 1255, 1256, 1259,<br>1262, 1264, 1266; Healers<br>1120, 1125, 1126, 1157,<br>1255, 1256, 1258; herbmaster of 1130, 1133, 1136;<br>Warden of 1139\u201340,<br>1255\u20136, 1257, 1258, 1259,<br>1263, 1264<br>Houses of the Dead see House of<br>the Kings<br>Hundred-weight Feast 55<br>index 1535<br>appearance 1\u20134; education,<br>lore 1, 3, 5, 8, 13, 19, 20,<br>21, 64, 779; passion for<br>family history 28, 728; food<br>and drink 2, 34\u201340, 55,<br>133, 730\u20131, etc.; dislike of<br>heights 448; Hobbitry-inarms 12; language of 2, 4, 5,<br>1464, 1484, 1489, 1490;<br>legends, stories of 727\u20138,<br>995; and mushrooms 133;<br>names of race 1462, 1496;<br>names of Hobbits 1461,<br>1484\u20135, 1491\u20132, 1496;<br>custom of presents 2, 7, 35;<br>smoking 10\u201311, 728,<br>733\u20134, see also Pipe-weed;<br>toughness of 7, 288\u20139,<br>426\u20137; writing (letters,<br>script) 5; see also Bree;<br>Fallowhides; Harfoots;<br>Mathom; Shire, the; Stoors;<br>etc.<br>Holbytla(n) see Hobbits<br>Hold see Dunharrow<br>Hollin see Eregion<br>Hollin gate see Moria<br>Holman \u2018the greenhanded\u2019 28,<br>30, 1450<br>Horn, Rider of Rohan 1112<br>Horn-call, cry of Buckland see<br>Buckland<br>Horn of Boromir 363, 430, 537,<br>538, 542, 543, 871, 872,<br>887, 988, 1435<br>Horn of the Mark, given to<br>Meriadoc 1280, 1318, 1329,<br>1331, 1460<br>Hornblower family 37, 38, 40,<br>64<br>Hornblower pipe-weed<br>brandmarks 733, 749<br>Inland Sea see Nu\u00b4rnen; Rhu\u02c6n,<br>Sea of<br>Ioreth 1126, 1129, 1130, 1133,<br>1134, 1266, 1462<br>Iorlas 1006<br>I<br>\u00b4rensaga 1040<br>Iron Crown 932, 1352<br>Iron Hills 1407, 1408, 1410\u201311,<br>1413, 1428, 1430<br>Isen 385, 687, 718, 719, 720,<br>742, 749, 1286, 1301, 1396,<br>1398, 1399, 1402, 1433<br>Isen, Fords (Crossings) of 686,<br>688, 690, 711, 715\u201320<br>passim, 738, 756, 778, 1013,<br>1399, 1404, 1433; mouths<br>of 1381; see also Battles of<br>the Fords of Isen<br>Isengard 166, 336, 339, 385,<br>522, 541, 547, 553, 568,<br>569, 581, 588, 592, 599,<br>614\u201318 passim, 627, 628,<br>632, 633, 634, 639, 649,<br>652, 659, 676, 681, 687,<br>688, 690, 694, 698, 703,<br>705, 709, 715, 720\u201350, 759,<br>767, 769, 776, 777, 780,<br>782, 841, 979, 990, 1001,<br>1012, 1165, 1281, 1288,<br>1314, 1315, 1332, 1381,<br>1383, 1399\u2013403 passim,<br>1428, 1430, 1435, 1439,<br>1486; Angrenost 616;<br>creatures of 700; emblem of<br>(white hand) 568, 581, 585,<br>617, 695, 722; gates of 715,<br>722; Lord of see Saruman;<br>Ring (circle) of 340, 723\u20134;<br>Isengarders see Orcs; see also<br>Orthanc; White Hand;<br>Wizard\u2019s Vale<br>Isengrim II 1428, 1455<br>1536 the return of the king<br>Hunter\u2019s Moon 357<br>Huor 1353<br>Huorns 635, 706\u201312 passim,<br>716, 720, 721, 736\u201346<br>passim, 752; darkness of<br>686\u20137<br>Hu\u00b4rin, of the First Age 353;<br>name 1482<br>Hu\u00b4rin I, steward 1360<br>Hu\u00b4rin II, steward 1360<br>Hu\u00b4rin of Emyn Arnen, steward<br>1360, 1379; House of see<br>Stewards<br>Hu\u00b4rin the Tall, Warden of the<br>Keys 1107, 1256, 1265,<br>1266<br>Hyarmendacil \u2018South-victor\u2019<br>(Ciryaher) 1359, 1368,<br>1369, 1425<br>Hyarmendacil II (Vinyarion)<br>1359, 1425<br>Iarwain Ben-adar see Bombadil,<br>Tom<br>Idril Celebrindal 1352<br>Ilmarin 306, 485<br>Imlad Morgul see Morgul Vale<br>Imladris see Rivendell<br>Imloth Melui 1133, 1266<br>Imrahil, Prince of Dol Amroth<br>(the Prince, Lord of Dol<br>Amroth) 982, 1009, 1035,<br>1057, 1068, 1073, 1074,<br>1078, 1106\u20131114 passim,<br>1120, 1127\u20131133 passim,<br>1141, 1142, 1149, 1152\u20133,<br>1154, 1158, 1162, 1164,<br>1167, 1250, 1266, 1127,<br>1280, 1405, 1461; name<br>1461<br>Inca\u00b4nus see Gandalf<br>Ingold 980, 1074<br>Kibil-na\u02c6la see Celebrant<br>K\u0131\u00b4li 1413, 1416, 1418<br>King of Angmar see Witch-king<br>King of the Dead see Dead, the<br>King of the Mark (Rohan) see<br>E\u00b4 omer; The\u00b4oden; etc.<br>King of the Mountains 1023<br>King\u2019s Court, Nu\u00b4menor 1457<br>King\u2019s Men (Black<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans) see<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>King\u2019s messengers 1315<br>King\u2019s Writer see Findegil<br>Kings see under names of places,<br>e.g. Gondor, and names of<br>individual kings, e.g.<br>The\u00b4oden<br>Kings of Men see Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans<br>Kings under the Mountain 14;<br>see also Erebor<br>Kings\u2019 Reckoning 1452\u201360<br>passim<br>Kingsfoil see Athelas<br>Kin-strife 1361, 1369, 1370,<br>1378, 1425<br>Lady of Lothlo\u00b4rien (of the<br>Golden Wood, etc.) see<br>Galadriel<br>Lady of Rivendell see Arwen<br>Lagduf 1184<br>Lake Town see Esgaroth<br>Lamedon 1009, 1034, 1110,<br>1144, 1145; Lord of see<br>Angbor<br>Lampwright\u2019s Street (Rath<br>Celerdain) 1005\u20136,<br>1009\u201310<br>Land of Shadow see Mordor<br>Landroval 1243, 1245<br>Langstrand (Anfalas) 385, 1009,<br>1373, 1491; name 1491<br>index 1537<br>Isenmouthe (Carach Angren)<br>1203, 1213, 1216, 1220,<br>1437<br>Isildur, son of Elendil 68, 73, 74,<br>316\u201324 passim, 327, 329,<br>359, 513, 564, 838, 866,<br>867, 877, 886, 925, 1022,<br>1024, 1034, 1145, 1147,<br>1267, 1357, 1358, 1360,<br>1364, 1374, 1386, 1387,<br>1423, 1424, 1430, 1466,<br>1482; heirs, House of<br>(Northern Line) 1118,<br>1358, 1360, 1364, 1429, see<br>also Aragorn II, Valandil;<br>name 1482; scroll of 328\u20139,<br>1432<br>Isildur\u2019s Bane see Ring, the<br>Istari see Wizards<br>Ithil-stone see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Ithildin [starmoon] 397, 414<br>Ithilien 319, 849, 859, 861, 878,<br>881, 883, 905, 910, 920,<br>981, 984, 997, 1002, 1061,<br>1062, 1065, 1158, 1177,<br>1245, 1251, 1253, 1264,<br>1269, 1371, 1373, 1374,<br>1378\u201382 passim, 1403,<br>1419, 1429, 1431, 1435,<br>1437, 1441, 1443, 1464; see<br>also South Ithilien<br>Ivorwen 1385<br>Ivy Bush, The 28, 86<br>Jewels, Three see Silmarils<br>Khand 1107, 1374<br>Khaza\u02c6d see Dwarves<br>Khazad-du\u02c6m see Moria<br>Kheled-za\u02c6ram see Mirrormere<br>Khuzdul see Dwarves: language<br>of<br>Lembas (waybread) [len-bas<br>\u2018way-bread\u2019] 481, 482, 555,<br>591, 596, 597, 601, 638,<br>732, 788, 812\u201313, 852, 931,<br>1196, 1203, 1205, 1206,<br>1214\u201315, 1224, 1227<br>Le\u00b4od 1395, 1397<br>Le\u00b4ofa (Brytta) 1279, 1402<br>Libraries 19\u201320, 328, 360, 1458<br>Lidless Eye see Eye, the<br>Lightfoot 1106<br>Limlight 1369, 1380, 1396<br>Lindir 308<br>Lindon (Elvish country) 1360,<br>1362\u20133, 1376, 1420, 1421,<br>1422, 1426<br>Linhir 1145, 1436<br>Lithe 13, 1451, 1452, 1455\u20136<br>Lithlad 831<br>Little folk, people see Hobbits<br>Lockholes 1310, 1312, 1320,<br>1322, 1326, 1336<br>Lonely Mountain see Erebor<br>Long Cleeve 1441, 1448<br>Long Lake see Esgaroth<br>Long Winter 6, 1381, 1399,<br>1402, 1428<br>Longbeards see Dwarves<br>Longbottom 10, 11, 728, 1320<br>Longbottom Leaf 11, 733, 1139<br>Longholes, surname 203<br>Lo\u00b4ni 420<br>Lord of Barad-du\u02c6r see Sauron<br>Lord of Minas Tirith see<br>Denethor II; Stewards<br>Lord of the Mark (Rohan) see<br>E\u00b4 omer; The\u00b4oden<br>Lord of the Nazgu\u02c6l see Witchking<br>Lord of the Ring see Sauron<br>Lords of the City see Stewards<br>Lo\u00b4rien see Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>1538 the return of the king<br>Languages, of Middle-earth<br>399\u2013400, 1480\u201396; see also<br>language(s) under names of<br>peoples, e.g. Dwarves, and<br>names of individual languages<br>or language groups, e.g.<br>Adu\u02c6naic; Elvish languages<br>Lassemista 630<br>Last Alliance of Elves and Men<br>242, 316, 317, 1177, 1358,<br>1423<br>Last Bridge (Bridge of<br>Mitheithel) 262, 263, 274,<br>1434<br>Last Homely House see<br>Rivendell<br>Last Mountain see Methedras<br>Last Ship 1360<br>Last Shore see Aman<br>Laurelin (Golden Tree) 485, 779,<br>842, 1352; one of the Two<br>Trees of Valinor 1352, 1353<br>Laurelindo\u00b4renan see Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>Leaf see Pipe-weed<br>Leaflock (Finglas) 618<br>Lebennin 385, 981, 999, 1001,<br>1068, 1108, 1110, 1143,<br>1145, 1147, 1265, 1371,<br>1436<br>Lebethron 909, 1266<br>Lefnui 1399<br>Legolas Greenleaf 312, 332, 354,<br>359, 364\u2013527 passim,<br>539\u201377 passim, 636\u2013718<br>passim, 726\u201353 passim, 763,<br>764, 860, 1012, 1013\u201334<br>passim, 1036, 1042, 1110,<br>1141\u20139 passim, 1156, 1160,<br>1162, 1250\u20133 passim, 1271,<br>1277, 1281, 1284, 1419,<br>1443; one of the Three<br>Hunters 546, 640<br>Lune, Firth of 1347<br>Lune, Gulf of 780, 1360,<br>1364<br>Lune, Mountains of see Blue<br>Mountains<br>Lu\u00b4thien Tinu\u00b4viel [Tinu\u00b4viel =<br>nightingale] 250\u20133 passim,<br>280, 296, 316, 360, 946,<br>1147, 1276, 1352, 1387; lay<br>of Beren and Lu\u00b4thien (Lay<br>of Lu\u00b4thien) 360, 1387<br>Mablung 861, 862, 864, 874,<br>879, 880, 1160<br>Maggot family 120, 125, 133<br>Maggot, Farmer 119\u201327, 130,<br>133, 134, 173<br>Maggot, Mrs. 121, 125, 127, 133<br>Malbeth the Seer 1023, 1375<br>Mallor 1358<br>Mallorn (Golden Tree, pl.<br>mellyrn) 435, 444\u20135, 454,<br>456, 458, 483, 637\u20138, 1339,<br>1394, 1440<br>Mallos 1145<br>Malvegil 1358, 1361<br>Man in the Moon 207\u20139<br>Mannish languages see Men:<br>languages of<br>Manwe\u00a8 (Elder King) 306<br>Maps, mentioned 360, 368, 372,<br>1212<br>Marcho 5, 1444<br>Mardil Voronwe\u00a8 \u2018the Steadfast\u2019<br>875, 988, 1359, 1378, 1379,<br>1427, 1454, 1455<br>Marish 8, 115, 116, 120, 128,<br>133, 793, 1058, 1426, 1449,<br>1492; names in 1492<br>Mark, the see Rohan<br>Master of Buckland, of the Hall<br>see Brandybuck family<br>index 1539<br>Lossarnach (Arnach) 981, 999,<br>1008, 1107, 1130, 1131,<br>1153, 1160, 1403, 1404,<br>1483<br>Lossoth (Snowmen of Forochel)<br>1363, 1364<br>Loth\u0131\u00b4riel 1405<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien (Lo\u00b4rien, Golden<br>Wood, Elf-country, Elvish<br>country, etc.) 296, 330, 346,<br>386, 439\u201394 passim, 495\u20139<br>passim, 504, 505, 506\u20137,<br>510, 522, 525, 541, 551\u20132,<br>562, 567, 570, 608\u20139, 610,<br>614, 637, 655, 666, 671,<br>770, 794, 817, 872, 873,<br>879, 884, 885, 888, 889,<br>942, 958, 1056, 1129, 1141,<br>1201, 1220, 1274, 1280,<br>1282, 1290, 1292, 1343,<br>1360, 1362, 1389, 1394,<br>1412, 1427, 1430, 1431,<br>1434, 1437\u20138 passim, 1418;<br>Dreamflower 608;<br>Dwimordene [Vale of<br>Illusion, name in Rohan for<br>Lo\u00b4rien] 671; Egladil 452,<br>486; Laurelindo\u00b4renan<br>(Land of the Valley of<br>Singing Gold) 608, 872,<br>1282; Elves of (Galadhrim)<br>see Elves: of Lothlo\u00b4rien;<br>name 1481; time in 466,<br>506\u20137, 655\u20136; see also East<br>Lo\u00b4rien; Naith of Lo\u00b4rien;<br>Northern Fences<br>Loudwater see Bruinen<br>Lugbu\u00b4rz see Barad-du\u02c6r<br>Lugdush 584, 591<br>Lune (Lhu\u02c6n), river 5, 1360,<br>1361, 1363, 1413, 1420,<br>1491; name 1491<br>of 1272, 1420; fail but seed<br>springs up 1142; languages<br>of 399\u2013400, 417, 633, 1482,<br>1483, 1484, 1488, 1489,<br>1492, 1494, 1495; see also<br>Adu\u02c6naic, Common Speech;<br>names of 1482, 1490\u20131; see<br>also Dunlendings; Gift of<br>Men; Haradrim; Last<br>Alliance of Elves and Men;<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans; Rohirrim;<br>and names of places inhabited<br>by Men, e.g. Gondor<br>Men of the Mountains see Dead,<br>the<br>Men of the Twilight see<br>Rohirrim<br>Meneldil 318, 328, 1358, 1374,<br>1424<br>Meneldor 1243, 1245<br>Meneltarma 1354<br>Menelvagor (Telumehtar,<br>Orion) 107, 1462<br>Mere of Dead Faces see Dead<br>Marshes<br>Merethrond, the Great Hall of<br>Feasts<br>Methedras (Last Mountain)<br>558, 611, 612, 627<br>Michel Delving 7, 8, 30, 204,<br>206, 361, 414, 1320, 1325,<br>1336; mathom-house of 7,<br>18, 414; Mayor of see<br>Whitfoot, Will<br>Middle-earth (middle world,<br>mortal lands, etc.) 3, 7, 9,<br>21, 57, 104, 195, 250, 259,<br>287, 307, 316, 326, 347,<br>350, 400, 437, 446, 454,<br>464, 489, 492, 651, 713,<br>717, 740, 758, 777, 782,<br>887, 888, 894, 933, 943,<br>1540 the return of the king<br>Mathom 7, 21, 49, 1461, 1485,<br>1494<br>Mathom-house (museum) 7, 18,<br>414<br>Mauhu\u00b4r 595, 596<br>Mazarbul, Book of see Book of<br>Mazarbul<br>Mazarbul, Chamber of see<br>Chamber of Mazarbul<br>Mearas 566, 658, 664, 1397<br>Meduseld (Golden Hall, house<br>of Eorl) 568, 570\u20131, 653,<br>658, 661\u201383, 688, 708, 719,<br>757, 783, 1013, 1017, 1038,<br>1043, 1049, 1103, 1111,<br>1135, 1278, 1279, 1395,<br>1396, 1398<br>Melian 1352<br>Mellon [friend] 398, 401<br>Men (Big Folk, Big People,<br>Mortal Men) 1\u20139 passim,<br>66, 67\u20138, 99, 108, 122, 133,<br>157, 172, 190, 195, 196\u20137,<br>203, 204, 249, 253, 287\u20138,<br>289, 298, 307, 314, 316,<br>336, 359, 366, 368, 381,<br>386, 417, 461, 468, 509,<br>518, 519, 522, 557, 560,<br>570, 575, 590, 603, 604,<br>608, 615, 616, 619, 620,<br>662, 671, 697, 711, 713,<br>717, 719, 721, 731, 738,<br>740, 748\u20139, 756, 780, 804,<br>844, 849, 864, 871, 875,<br>883\u201391 passim, 896, 898,<br>906, 910, 912, 946, 1075,<br>1142, 1208, 1282, 1367,<br>1370, 1376, 1393, 1407,<br>1420, 1423, 1425, 1438,<br>1441, 1482, 1483, 1484;<br>alphabets of 1488; calendar<br>of 1452\u20133, 1456; dominion<br>1062, 1069, 1154, 1157,<br>1177, 1378, 1427; host(s),<br>legions of (Morgul-host,<br>etc.) 925, 926, 1073, 1107,<br>1111, 1184, 1436; King of<br>see Witch-king; see also<br>earlier name Minas Ithil<br>Minas Tirith, Tower of Guard<br>(the City, Stone-city, etc.)<br>20, 319\u201322 passim, 328,<br>359, 466, 478\u20139 passim,<br>482, 487, 507, 508, 516,<br>518, 519\u201326 passim, 538,<br>542, 544, 548, 566, 567,<br>647, 648, 674, 717, 783,<br>796, 860, 862, 867, 873\u20138<br>passim, 885, 887, 903, 906,<br>978, 983\u20134, 994, 955,<br>1001\u201311, 1022, 1046, 1048,<br>1055, 1056, 1057, 1059,<br>1060, 1069\u201397 passim,<br>1105\u201311 passim, 1113\u201329<br>passim, 1138\u201348 passim,<br>1153, 1157, 1160, 1174,<br>1251\u201376 passim, 1282,<br>1381, 1383, 1384, 1394,<br>1417, 1428\u201338 passim,<br>1483, 1489; Guarded City<br>983\u20134; Mundburg<br>[guardian-fortress] 664,<br>663, 1051, 1052, 1089\u201390,<br>1111\u201312, 1280; Seven<br>Gates 979; see also earlier<br>name Minas Anor; Captains<br>of 991; Gate of (Great<br>Gate, Gate of Gondor) 981,<br>982, 983, 999, 1005\u201310<br>passim, 1035, 1058, 1059,<br>1072\u20139 passim, 1083, 1084,<br>1085, 1098, 1103, 1111,<br>1113, 1116, 1123, 1127,<br>1153, 1265, 1270, 1436;<br>index 1541<br>1032, 1036, 1143, 1163,<br>1192, 1200, 1236, 1241,<br>1268, 1284, 1339, 1347,<br>1348, 1352\u20139 passim, 1368,<br>1372, 1388, 1391, 1393,<br>1417\u201324 passim, 1443,<br>1453, 1464, 1467, 1482,<br>1483; Great Lands 885;<br>Hither Shore(s) 307, 443,<br>485; name 1464; solar year<br>in 1453; West of 400, 1352<br>Middle Peoples see Rohirrim<br>Midgewater Marshes 237, 238\u20139<br>Midsummer 13, 1271, 1274,<br>1391<br>Mid-year\u2019s Day 1451, 1455\u20136<br>Mill, in Hobbiton 472, 1324,<br>1325\u20136, 1330\u20131, 1337<br>Minalcar see Ro\u00b4mendacil II<br>Minardil 1359, 1373, 1379, 1426<br>Minas Anor, Tower of the<br>(Setting) Sun 318, 319, 328,<br>780, 878, 1157, 1262, 1264,<br>1357, 1367, 1373, 1378,<br>1423, 1424, 1426; Anorstone (palant\u0131\u00b4r) 1426;<br>King\u2019s House 1426; see also<br>later name Minas Tirith<br>Minas Ithil, Tower of the<br>(Rising) Moon<br>(Moontower) 318, 321, 780,<br>838\u20139, 885, 904, 905, 912,<br>920\u20131, 1157, 1270, 1357,<br>1378, 1384, 1423, 1427;<br>Ithil-stone (palant\u0131\u00b4r) see<br>Palant\u0131\u00b4r; see also later name<br>Minas Morgul<br>Minas Morgul, Tower of<br>Sorcery (Dead City,<br>accursed tower) 318, 326,<br>523, 780, 904, 905, 906,<br>920\u20137 passim, 965, 1000,<br>also East Lo\u00b4rien; see also<br>Woodmen<br>Mirror of Galadriel 470\u20134,<br>475\u20136, 956, 1330, 1434<br>Mirrormere (Kheled-za\u02c6ram)<br>369, 411, 413, 415, 419,<br>420, 434, 435, 463, 493,<br>714, 1406, 1410<br>Miruvor 378, 384, 403\u20134<br>Misty Mountains (Mountains of<br>Mist) 3, 14, 69, 71, 177,<br>195, 216, 242, 244, 249,<br>261, 267, 292, 298, 299,<br>301, 313, 326\u20137, 336, 341,<br>357, 359, 360, 366\u201374<br>passim, 386, 387, 390\u20131,<br>393, 403, 432, 433, 443,<br>455, 464, 496, 522, 540,<br>558, 574, 585, 589, 597,<br>619, 651, 686, 720, 1165,<br>1287, 1360, 1361, 1366,<br>1380, 1381, 1387, 1395,<br>1404, 1406, 1421, 1423,<br>1425, 1427, 1432, 1480,<br>1484, 1487<br>Mitheithel see Hoarwell<br>Mithlond see Grey Havens<br>Mithrandir see Gandalf<br>Mithril [truesilver] 413\u201314, 419,<br>985, 1407, 1419; Moriasilver 414; mithril coat<br>(mail) 361\u20132, 414, 437,<br>957, 1164, 1180, 1200,<br>1250, 1292, 1437<br>Moon (Ithil) 894; and livery of<br>Minas Morgul 1019, 1181;<br>and Shire calendar 1452;<br>new after Lothlo\u00b4rien 501,<br>502, 506\u20137; White Face, so<br>called by Gollum 805, 823,<br>898, 899<br>Morannon [black gate] (the<br>1542 the return of the king<br>Minas Tirith \u2013 cont.<br>Lord(s) of see Stewards;<br>men of the City (of the<br>Tower of Guard) 466, 480,<br>482, 508, 1156, 1157, 1167;<br>mounds of 1111\u201312;<br>palant\u0131\u00b4r of (Anor-stone) see<br>Palant\u0131\u00b4r; Second Gate of<br>1083; see also Citadel of<br>Gondor; House of the<br>Kings; House of the<br>Stewards; Houses of<br>Healing; Lampwright\u2019s<br>Street (Rath Celerdain);<br>Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen (Silent Street)<br>Minastan 1359<br>Mindolluin see Mount<br>Mindolluin<br>Mines of Moria see Moria<br>Minhiriath 1362, 1429<br>Min-Rimmon (Rimmon) 978,<br>1053, 1083, 1265, 1436,<br>1483; name 1483<br>Mirkwood (Great Wood, Wood,<br>etc.) 4, 57, 62, 67, 69, 73,<br>75, 76, 97, 298, 312, 326,<br>330, 332, 333, 340, 355,<br>357, 435\u20136, 441, 490, 522,<br>562, 601, 615, 619, 640,<br>662, 694, 713\u201314, 764, 882,<br>895, 947, 1002, 1269, 1284,<br>1368, 1380, 1395, 1407,<br>1414, 1425, 1432, 1437,<br>1483, 1491; Eryn Lasgalen<br>1438; Greenwood the Great<br>3, 1369, 1370, 1373, 1419,<br>1423, 1425, 1438; Taur eNdaedelos 1491; Elvenking\u2019s halls in 322, 713\u201314;<br>Narrows 1438; Northern<br>Mirkwood 312; Southern<br>Mirkwood 458, 45\u20136, see<br>1486, 1487; allies of 1144,<br>see also names of allies, e.g.<br>Haradrim; captains of 1486;<br>gates of see Morannon;<br>host(s) of 1020, 1044, 1077,<br>1097, 1190\u201310, 1167, 1241;<br>language of see Black<br>Speech; slaves of 1064,<br>1269; walls of see Ephel<br>Du\u00b4ath, Ered Lithui; see also<br>Darkness; Nazgu\u02c6l; Orcs;<br>Shadow<br>Morgai 1176, 1177, 1199,<br>1203\u20137, 1209, 1437<br>Morgoth (Dark Power of the<br>North, Darkness in the<br>North, the Great Enemy,<br>the Shadow) [evil Vala,<br>prime Enemy] 253, 463,<br>619\u201320, 633, 1195, 1352,<br>1353, 1361, 1363, 1406,<br>1407, 1420, 1482, 1486,<br>1495; servant of see Sauron<br>Morgul-knife 256, 259, 266,<br>275, 289, 1294<br>Morgul-lord see Witch-king<br>Morgul Pass 1158, 1177<br>Morgul-road (Morgul-way)<br>1198, 1203, 1208, 1436<br>Morgul-spells 320<br>Morgul Vale (Imlad Morgul<br>[Imlad = deep valley], Valley<br>of Living Death, Valley of<br>the Wraiths, etc.) 330, 908,<br>912, 915, 920, 929, 931,<br>938, 942, 947, 960, 1062,<br>1157, 1158, 1161, 1255,<br>1270, 1380, 1437<br>Morgulduin 912, 921, 922\u20133<br>Moria (Mines of Moria,<br>Khazad-du\u02c6m, the Black Pit,<br>Dwarf-kingdom, halls of<br>index 1543<br>Black Gate(s) of Mordor,<br>Sauron\u2019s gate) 316, 330,<br>486, 809, 817, 821, 824,<br>825, 829\u201330 passim, 831\u20135,<br>839\u201340, 844, 846, 847, 852,<br>903, 904, 908, 918, 1068,<br>1072, 1156\u201369 passim,<br>1214, 1220, 1242, 1260,<br>1374, 1436<br>Mordor (Black Country, Black<br>Land, Dark Country, Land<br>of Shadow, Nameless Land,<br>etc.) 57, 66, 67, 77, 192,<br>220, 230, 243, 253, 279\u201380,<br>294, 313\u201318 passim, 323,<br>327\u201332 passim, 338, 342,<br>348, 358, 360, 375, 422,<br>480, 486, 504, 508, 515,<br>519, 520, 523, 526, 530,<br>531, 540, 545, 553, 563,<br>567, 589, 599, 615, 648,<br>649, 651, 667, 674, 687,<br>724, 757, 759, 760, 763,<br>769, 776, 783, 788, 789,<br>809, 817, 821\u20137 passim,<br>830\u20135 passim, 840\u20136<br>passim, 851, 869, 891, 903,<br>908, 912, 919, 925, 930,<br>955, 959, 978, 1000, 1020,<br>1042, 1046, 1048, 1056,<br>1065, 1076, 1084, 1110,<br>1122, 1127, 1144, 1146\u20137,<br>1149, 1153, 1154, 1158\u201367<br>passim, 1174\u20139 passim,<br>1184, 1186, 1192, 1193,<br>1197, 1198\u20131219 passim,<br>1220, 1223, 1238, 1241,<br>1242, 1247, 1250, 1253,<br>1266, 1304, 1332, 1357,<br>1369, 1372, 1373, 1378,<br>1380, 1381, 1382, 1391,<br>1404, 1421\u201332 passim,<br>Moria, Mountains of 439, 1439;<br>see also Caradhras; Celebdil;<br>Fanuidhol<br>Moria-silver see Mithril<br>Morthond (Blackroot) 1009,<br>1032, 1111, 1464; archers of<br>1123; uplands of 1009<br>Morthond Vale (Blackroot Vale)<br>1009, 1032; men of 1032\u20133<br>Morwen \u2018Steelsheen\u2019 1403, 1404<br>Mound of the Riders 719\u201320,<br>778, 1013<br>Mounds see Barrows<br>Mount Doom (Orodruin, Amon<br>Amarth, Mountain of Fire,<br>etc.) 80, 81, 316, 317, 319,<br>365, 372, 523, 525, 816,<br>842, 891, 1057, 1176, 1178,<br>1184, 1192, 1196, 1199,<br>1201, 1207, 1208, 1213,<br>1220, 1225\u201340, 1243, 1244,<br>1357\u20138, 1422, 1431, 1437,<br>1491; name (Orodruin)<br>1491; see also Crack(s) of<br>Doom; Sammath Naur<br>Mount Everwhite see Oiolosse\u00a8<br>Mount Fang see Orthanc<br>Mount Mindolluin (Mindolluin)<br>783, 894, 982, 984, 994,<br>1009, 1056, 1065, 1081,<br>1085, 1091, 1093, 1110\u201311,<br>1254, 1271\u20132, 1278<br>Mountain and the Wood see<br>Erebor and Lothlo\u00b4rien [or<br>Dwarves and Elves generally]<br>Mountain Wall (= Pelo\u00b4ri) 307<br>Mountains of Gondor see White<br>Mountains<br>Mountains of Lune see Blue<br>Mountains<br>Mountains of Moria see Moria,<br>Mountains of<br>1544 the return of the king<br>Moria \u2013 cont.<br>Durin, etc.) 313, 314, 315,<br>349, 368, 385, 386, 387,<br>391, 393, 395, 404\u201317<br>passim, 419, 433\u201340 passim,<br>447, 455, 462, 463, 467,<br>468, 480, 499, 505, 522,<br>566, 567, 581, 614, 654,<br>697, 715, 733, 743, 841,<br>860, 867, 876, 885, 993,<br>1221, 1406\u201313 passim,<br>1418, 1421, 1422, 1423,<br>1426\u201332 passim, 1439,<br>1468, 1495; Dwarrowdelf<br>368, 411, 1495; bridge of<br>(Bridge of Khazad-du\u02c6m,<br>Durin\u2019s Bridge) 420,<br>427\u201332, 463, 468, 654,<br>1434; doors of (Doors of<br>Durin, Elven Door, Hollin<br>gate, West-gate) [west<br>entrance to Moria, made by<br>dwarves but controlled by<br>spell of Celebrimbor]<br>386\u2013417 passim, 420, 1421,<br>1433, 1434, 1471, 1473;<br>First Deep 427; First Hall<br>427, 428; Great Gates<br>(Dimrill Gate, East-gate)<br>387, 410, 415, 418<br>Moria \u2013 cont. 419, 420, 421, 427,<br>433, 436, 438\u20139, 440, 1289,<br>1409, 1412, 1427; Lord of<br>395; name 1495; North-end<br>(Twenty-first hall) 419,<br>421; Second Hall 427\u20138;<br>Seventh Level of 421; Third<br>deep, upper armouries 419;<br>Walls of 392\u20135; see also<br>Book of Mazarbul;<br>Chamber of Mazarbul;<br>Dwarves of Moria<br>Narsil (sword that was broken,<br>sword of Elendil) [red and<br>white flame] 224\u20135, 316,<br>317, 321, 322, 323, 349,<br>359, 360, 564, 570, 667,<br>696, 860, 867, 885, 1022,<br>1110, 1386, 1424, 1430;<br>reforged 359\u201360, see also<br>Andu\u00b4ril<br>Narvi 398<br>Narya (the Third Ring, the Ring<br>of Fire) 1348, 1424<br>Naugrim see Dwarves<br>Nazgu\u02c6l (Ringwraiths, Black<br>Riders, Fell Riders, Black<br>Men, the Nine, Nine<br>Riders, Nine Lords,<br>Messengers of Mordor,<br>Winged Messenger,<br>Shriekers, etc.) 67\u20138,<br>98\u2013101, 103\u20134, 105,<br>109\u201327 passim, 134, 139,<br>140, 166, 174, 192, 199,<br>214\u201320 passim, 225, 226,<br>230, 231, 240, 247, 248,<br>254\u2013264 passim, 273\u201381<br>passim, 287\u201392 passim, 318,<br>325, 334\u201348 passim, 355\u20136,<br>358, 359, 360, 361, 363,<br>384, 581, 588, 615, 649\u201350,<br>653, 738, 777, 778, 782,<br>796, 827\u201330 passim, 843,<br>905, 920, 965, 966, 977,<br>1000, 1002, 1058, 1059,<br>1061, 1071, 1073, 1074,<br>1077, 1126, 1131, 1151,<br>1159\u201362 passim, 1185,<br>1194, 1197, 1198, 1202,<br>1211, 1227, 1241\u20138 passim,<br>1297, 1327, 1345, 1373,<br>1377, 1378, 1380, 1422\u20137<br>passim, 1435; cry of 792\u20133,<br>index 1545<br>Mountains of Shadow see Ephel<br>Du\u00b4ath<br>Mountains of Terror (= Ered<br>Gorgoroth) 253, 946<br>Mouth of Sauron (Lieutenant of<br>the Tower, Messenger)<br>1163\u20137 passim<br>Mugwort, surname 203<br>Mugwort, Mr. 211<br>Mu\u02c6mak (pl. mu\u02c6makil) see<br>Oliphaunt<br>Mundburg see Minas Tirith<br>Muzgash 1184<br>Na\u00b4in, father of Da\u00b4in II 1411,<br>1418<br>Na\u00b4in I 1407, 1418, 1427<br>Na\u00b4in II 1418<br>Naith of Lo\u00b4rien (Tongue, Gore)<br>451, 455, 485, 486, 491<br>Na\u00b4li 420<br>Nameless Enemy, One see<br>Sauron<br>Nameless Land see Mordor<br>Nameless Pass see Cirith Ungol<br>Nameless, gnawing things 654<br>Nan Curun\u0131\u00b4r (Wizard\u2019s Vale,<br>Valley of Saruman) 635,<br>687, 720, 722\u20133, 736\u20137,<br>745, 769<br>Nan-tasarion see Tasarinan<br>Nanduhirion see Dimrill Dale<br>Na\u00b4r 1409<br>Narchost see Towers of the<br>Teeth<br>Nardol 978, 1053, 1091<br>Nargothrond 412, 464, 1364,<br>1421, 1464, 1481<br>Narmacil I 1359, 1367, 1369<br>Narmacil II 1359, 1373\u20134, 1375,<br>1426<br>Narrow Ice (= Helcaraxe\u00a8) 305<br>Nine Walkers (Nine<br>Companions) see Company<br>of the Ring<br>Niphredil 456, 457, 1391, 1395<br>Noakes 29, 30<br>Nob 200, 201, 217, 219, 221,<br>226, 227, 228, 233, 235\u20136,<br>1297, 1302<br>Nogrod<br>Noldor see Eldar<br>Noman-lands 486, 825<br>Norbury see Fornost<br>Nori 298, 1418<br>North, the (Northerland, etc.)<br>11, 197, 259, 288, 317, 323,<br>328, 347, 442, 487, 564,<br>713, 886, 978; palant\u0131\u00b4r of<br>1361, 1362, 1364; see also<br>names of lands in the North<br>of Middle-earth, e.g.<br>Beleriand<br>North Downs 318, 1301, 1362,<br>1363, 1377<br>North-gate see Buckland<br>North Kingdom (Northern<br>Kingdom) see Arnor<br>North Moors 58\u20139<br>North Road see Greenway<br>North Stair see Stair, the, by<br>Rauros<br>North-tooks of Long Cleeve<br>1448<br>Northern Fences, of Lothlo\u00b4rien<br>483<br>Northfarthing 12, 58, 375, 848,<br>1329, 1339\u201340; see also<br>Battle of Greenfields<br>Northmen 1369, 1370, 1407\u20138<br>North-way see West Road<br>Nu\u00b4menor (Westernesse), island<br>realm 5, 21, 68, 253, 308,<br>316, 318, 779, 884, 885\u20136,<br>1546 the return of the king<br>Nazgu\u02c6l\u2013 cont.<br>795, 823, 1002, 1058\u20139,<br>1197, 1198, 1202, 1211; city<br>of see Minas Morgul;<br>darkness of see Black<br>Breath; Lord of see Witchking; mounted on winged<br>creatures 504\u20135, 581, 777,<br>782, 823, 843, 1058, 1059,<br>1061, 1131, 1194, 1197,<br>1198\u20139, 1227, 1241\u20132,<br>1243, 1433, 1435; senses of<br>99, 248, 289\u201390, 823<br>Necromancer see Sauron<br>Neekerbreekers 239<br>Neldoreth (Taur-na-neldor)<br>253, 610, 1387<br>Nen Hithoel 479, 513, 1369<br>Nenuial see Evendim, Lake<br>Nenya (the Ring of Adamant)<br>475, 476, 506, 1346<br>New Age 1282<br>New Reckoning 1459\u201360<br>New Row 1338<br>New Year 1247; of the Elves<br>1438, 1460<br>Nicotiana see Pipe-weed<br>Night of Naught 305<br>Nimbrethil 304<br>Nimloth see White Tree<br>Nimrodel, elf 441\u20134 passim,<br>1427, 1481; Lay of 1078;<br>name 1481; people of 1078,<br>1141<br>Nimrodel, river 441, 442, 445,<br>448, 450, 451, 500, 1434<br>Nimrodel, Bridge of 441<br>Nimrodel, falls of 442, 448<br>Nindalf (Wetwang) 486, 1462<br>Nine (Nine Riders, Nine<br>Servants) see Nazgu\u02c6l<br>Nine Rings see Rings of Power<br>Orthanc; Seat of Seeing;<br>Swords, from barrow<br>Nu\u00b4rnen, Lake (inland sea) 831,<br>1208, 1269<br>Oath of Eorl see Eorl the Young:<br>Oath of<br>Oathbreakers see Dead, the<br>Ohtar 317, 1424<br>O\u00b4 in, son of Glo\u00b4in 1418<br>O\u00b4 in, son of Gro\u00b4in 298, 313, 420,<br>1418<br>Oiolosse\u00a8 (Mount Everwhite) 492<br>Old Forest 29, 129, 134, 140,<br>141, 144\u201360 passim, 168,<br>170, 178, 192, 198, 231,<br>285, 345, 609, 614, 1305,<br>1306, 1433; see also Bonfire<br>Glade<br>Old Grange 1330<br>Old Guesthouse 1005<br>Old man at Door of the Dead<br>1044\u20135<br>Old Man Willow see Willow, Old<br>Man<br>Old Road see East-West Road<br>Old Toby 11<br>Old Winyards 49, 89<br>Old Words and Names in the<br>Shire 21<br>Old World, North-west of 3<br>Oldbuck family 12, 128\u20139, 1365,<br>1427, 1449, 1496; see also<br>Brandybuck family<br>Oldbuck, Gorhendad 128\u20139,<br>1449<br>Oliphaunt (mu\u02c6mak) 864, 865,<br>882, 1061, 1083, 1103,<br>1107, 1111, 1226, 1253,<br>1293<br>Olog-hai see Trolls<br>Olo\u00b4rin see Gandalf<br>index 1547<br>888, 1023, 1033, 1078,<br>1136, 1261, 1354\u20137, 1365,<br>1366, 1372, 1420, 1421,<br>1422, 1423, 1482; Elenna,<br>Isle of 1354; Land of the<br>Star 1372; calendar of see<br>Kings\u2019 Reckoning; Downfall<br>of (Akallabe\u02c6th) 316, 1354,<br>1454, 1483; Kings and<br>Queens of 253, 1354\u20137,<br>1374\u20135, 1393\u20134; King\u2019s<br>Court 1457; languages of<br>1482\u20133, see also Adu\u02c6naic;<br>men of see Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans;<br>name 1482; Seeing Stones<br>of see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, of the island<br>realm (Men of the Sea) 11,<br>620, 633, 887, 1375, 1467,<br>1482; the Faithful (Exiles)<br>1356, 1357\u20138, 1422; Black<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans (King\u2019s<br>Men) 1163, 1368;<br>Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans who became<br>Nazgu\u02c6l 905; in Middleearth after the Downfall<br>(Kings of Men, Men of race<br>or blood of Nu\u00b4menor,<br>Westernesse, etc.) 5, 68,<br>303, 316, 318, 336, 349,<br>447, 520, 522, 647, 838,<br>861, 875, 878, 884, 885\u20136,<br>1060, 1078, 1177, 1264,<br>1374, 1375, 1379, 1487, see<br>also Du\u00b4nedain; Fathers of<br>see Edain; Rulers (Kings,<br>Chieftains) of the Realms in<br>Exile 194, 287, 1267,<br>1356\u20137, 1368, 1392; works<br>of Nu\u00b4meno\u00b4reans, of<br>Westernesse specifically<br>mentioned see Minas Tirith;<br>1243, 1251, 1381, 1486;<br>Uruks of Mordor 422, 423,<br>965, 1217, 1380, 1486; Orcs<br>of Saruman 340, 341,<br>615\u201319 passim, 630, 633,<br>649, 681, 689\u2013713 passim,<br>719, 721, 730\u201346 passim,<br>768; Uruk-hai (Isengarders,<br>with device of White Hand)<br>540\u20131, 549, 553, 569,<br>578\u201399 passim, 704, 1289,<br>1486; alphabets of 1468;<br>half-orcs 738; languages of<br>579\u201380, 1462, 1466,<br>1486\u20137, 1490; made in<br>mockery of Elves 633;<br>poisoned blades of 437; and<br>sunlight 429, 434, 552; see<br>also names of individual orcs,<br>e.g. Grishna\u00b4kh<br>Ori 298, 313, 419, 1418<br>Orkish see Orcs: languages of<br>Ornendil 1371, 1425<br>Orod-na-Tho\u02c6n see Dorthonion<br>Orodreth 1360<br>Orodruin see Mount Doom<br>Orofarne\u00a8 630<br>Orome\u00a8 (Araw, Be\u00b4ma) [a Vala]<br>1097, 1359, 1397, 1466;<br>wild kine of Araw 988,<br>1359<br>Orophin 446, 447, 450<br>Orthanc (Cunning Mind,<br>Mount Fang) 166, 335, 336,<br>339, 341, 566, 568, 617,<br>627, 724, 725, 728, 733,<br>741\u201357 passim, 759\u201366<br>passim, 775, 776\u20137, 778,<br>780, 781, 782, 841, 1021,<br>1076, 1281\u20134, 1433, 1435;<br>devilry of (blasting fire)<br>701, 703; key(s) of 760,<br>1548 the return of the king<br>Ondoher 1359, 1374, 1375, 1426<br>One, the (= Eru, Ilu\u00b4vatar) 1357,<br>1394<br>One Ring see Ring, the<br>Onodrim see Ents<br>Orcrist 364<br>Orcs (gorgu\u02c6n, yrch) 7, 72, 75,<br>78, 333, 386, 403, 404, 413,<br>422, 445, 447, 515, 518,<br>537, 538, 540, 541, 542,<br>544\u201356 passim, 559\u201377<br>passim, 578\u201399 passim, 604,<br>606, 626, 637\u20138, 768, 844,<br>859, 953, 988, 1002, 1020,<br>1209\u201312, 1251, 1282, 1361,<br>1386, 1427, 1436; goblins<br>236, 439, 540, 578, 738; of<br>Cirith Ungol, Minas<br>Morgul 965, 970\u20131,<br>1173\u201384 passim, 1189\u201397<br>passim, 1436; from<br>Durthang 1214\u201319, 1437;<br>of Moria, Misty Mountains<br>14, 17, 57, 69, 296, 386,<br>419, 421\u20132, 429\u201330, 423\u20134,<br>426, 429, 430, 432, 445,<br>447, 455, 497, 522, 582,<br>583, 584, 585, 586, 587,<br>882, 1366, 1381, 1395,<br>1409\u201316 passim, 1486; of<br>Mordor (Sauron, Orcs of<br>the Eye, Enemy) 290,<br>503\u20134, 508\u20139, 568, 581,<br>589\u201395 passim, 649, 788,<br>804, 808\u201310, 817, 820\u20131,<br>832, 833, 839, 851, 859,<br>869, 919, 934, 939, 947,<br>948, 970, 1047, 1075, 1077,<br>1076, 1087\u201392 passim,<br>1095, 1098, 1110, 1156,<br>1158\u20139, 1167, 1205,<br>1208\u201311, 1214\u201319 passim,<br>Gondor 780; of Minas Ithil<br>(of Isildur; Ithil-stone) 780,<br>1119, 1121, 1378, 1384,<br>1427, 1431; of Minas Tirith<br>(of Ana\u00b4rion, Minas Anor;<br>Anor-stone) 780, 1117,<br>1119, 1121, 1286, 1384; of<br>the North 1361, 1364; of<br>Orthanc (Orthanc-stone)<br>761\u20132, 763, 770\u201384 passim,<br>841, 1150, 1286, 1400,<br>1431; of Osgiliath 780,<br>1370, 1425; of the Tower<br>Hills (Elendil\u2019s Stone) 780,<br>1364; stones of Nu\u00b4menor<br>907, 909<br>Parth Galen 515, 529, 538,<br>542\u20136 passim, 860, 1012,<br>1251, 1435<br>Party Field 34, 42, 47, 1339,<br>1460<br>Party Tree 34, 36, 1330<br>Paths of the Dead 656, 1015,<br>1020, 1022, 1023, 1024,<br>1025, 1026, 1041, 1042,<br>1043, 1047, 1109, 1135,<br>1144, 1148, 1401, 1436; see<br>also Dead, the; Door of the<br>Dead<br>Pelargir 1034, 1144\u20139 passim,<br>1153, 1174, 1272, 1368,<br>1371, 1372, 1383, 1422,<br>1425, 1436, 1483<br>Pelendur 1359, 1374, 1379<br>Pelennor [fenced land]<br>(Pelennor Fields, Fields of<br>the Pelennor, Field of<br>Gondor) 980, 981, 999,<br>1056, 1058, 1059, 1069,<br>1070, 1074, 1094, 1095,<br>1098, 1107, 1109, 1111,<br>1149, 1156, 1202, 1254,<br>index 1549<br>765, 1381, 1400; Treegarth<br>of 1281<br>Orthanc-stone see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Osgiliath (Citadel of the Stars)<br>318, 319, 508, 523, 542,<br>780, 837, 848, 870, 885,<br>918, 925\u20136, 1000, 1001,<br>1062, 1065, 1068, 1069,<br>1072, 1076, 1079, 1107,<br>1157, 1253, 1262, 1357,<br>1367, 1370, 1371, 1372,<br>1373, 1380, 1423, 1425,<br>1432, 1436, 1462; bridges of<br>478, 981; Dome of Stars<br>780; fords of 981; palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>of see Palant\u0131\u00b4r; Tower of the<br>Dome of Osgiliath 1370;<br>East Osgiliath 1069<br>Ossir, Seven Rivers of 610<br>Ossiriand 610<br>Ostoher 1367, 1424<br>Otherworld 305<br>Outlands 1008\u20139; Captains of<br>1007<br>Outside, from whence the Dark<br>Lord came 172<br>Outside (Outsiders), relative to<br>Bree or the Shire 13, 196,<br>202, 1299<br>Over-heaven 782<br>Overhill 58<br>Overlithe 1451, 1455<br>Palant\u0131\u00b4r [far-seer, pl. palant\u0131\u00b4ri]<br>(Seeing-stones, Seven<br>Stones) 779\u201384, 907, 978,<br>985, 991, 1119, 1149, 1357,<br>1422; Seven Stones 978,<br>985, 991, 1357; of Amon<br>Su\u02c6l 780, 1361, 1364, 1426;<br>of Annu\u00b4minas 780, 1364,<br>1426; of Arnor 1425; of<br>Proudfoot, Bodo 1445<br>Proudfoot, Linda ne\u00b4e Baggins<br>1445<br>Proudfoot, Odo 40, 51, 1445<br>Proudfoot, Olo 1445<br>Proudfoot, Sancho 51, 1445<br>Puddifoot family 120<br>Pu\u00b4kel-men 1039, 1040, 1088<br>Quendi (Elves) 1495<br>Quenya (High-elven, Ancient<br>Speech, Ancient Tongue,<br>noble tongue, etc.) 105\u20136,<br>111, 492, 1129\u201330, 1358,<br>1359, 1453, 1456\u201377<br>passim, 1480, 1481, 1486,<br>1495<br>Quest 80, 86, 351, 438, 464,<br>465, 478, 493, 514, 530,<br>538, 554, 878, 885, 961\u20132,<br>1192, 1230, 1239\u201340, 1242;<br>of Bilbo and Thorin, i.e. of<br>Erebor 14, 17, 1414; of<br>Mount Doom 365<br>Quickbeam (Bregalad) 629, 728,<br>736, 740\u20131, 1281, 1284<br>Radagast the Brown 334, 335,<br>337, 340, 357, 1432<br>Radbug 1184<br>Rammas Echor (Rammas) 981,<br>982, 984, 1067\u20138, 1076,<br>1086\u20137, 1094, 1095, 1111,<br>1112, 1270, 1274<br>Rangers see Du\u00b4nedain<br>Rath Celerdain see Lampwrights\u2019<br>Street<br>Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen (Silent Street) 984,<br>1081, 1082, 1085, 1115,<br>1116, 1120, 1267, 1273,<br>1277, 1393, 1443<br>Rauros (Falls, cataracts of<br>1550 the return of the king<br>Pelennor \u2013 cont.<br>1392, 1436; wall of see<br>Rammas Echor; see also<br>Battle of the Pelennor Fields<br>Pennies 33, 234<br>People of the Great Journey see<br>Eldar<br>People of the Star see Eldar<br>Peredhil see Half-elven<br>Peregrin, son of Paladin see<br>Took, Peregrin<br>Periain see Hobbits<br>Phial of Galadriel (star-glass,<br>Lady\u2019s glass) 490\u20131, 554,<br>925, 932, 942\u20134, 948, 954,<br>956, 959, 1173, 1180, 1193,<br>1197, 1212, 1227, 1236,<br>1247, 1434<br>Pickthorn, Tom 1299<br>Pinnath Gelin [green ridges]<br>1009, 1034, 1107, 1111,<br>1265<br>Pipe-weed (leaf ) 10\u201311, 728,<br>1138; Nicotiana 10; (sweet)<br>galenas 11, 1138;<br>westmansweed 1138; see<br>also varieties of pipe-weed,<br>e.g. Longbottom Leaf<br>Plague 6, 1362, 1373, 1396,<br>1426<br>Plough, the see Sickle, the<br>Ponies see names of individual<br>ponies, e.g. Bill<br>Poros 1374, 1382, 1429; crossing<br>of 1382<br>Postmaster, in Shire 13<br>Prancing Pony, The (the Inn of<br>Bree) 11, 193, 195\u2013212<br>passim, 220, 221, 222, 427,<br>1296, 1298, 1301\u20132, 1433<br>Precious see Ring, the<br>Proudfoot family 37, 38, 40<br>Riders of Rohan see Rohirrim<br>Rimmon see Min-Rimmon<br>Ring, the (One Ring, the One,<br>Great Ring, Ring of Power,<br>Ruling Ring, Master-ring,<br>Ring of the Enemy, etc.)<br>15\u201318, 41\u20137, 52, 61\u201386<br>passim, 98, 103, 136\u20137, 138,<br>174, 184, 206, 210\u201311, 222,<br>224, 231, 248, 255, 256,<br>257, 285\u201394 passim, 297,<br>301\u20132, 313\u201333 passim, 338,<br>345\u201352 passim, 358, 359,<br>361, 365, 384, 385, 387,<br>406, 414, 439, 474, 475,<br>476, 477, 518\u201331 passim,<br>538, 593, 639, 646\u20139<br>passim, 652, 807, 815, 824,<br>828, 834, 869, 878, 885,<br>889, 890, 905, 924\u20135<br>passim, 932, 960\u20133 passim,<br>978, 1064, 1078, 1147,<br>1150, 1151\u20132, 1175\u20139<br>passim, 1182, 1186, 1192,<br>1193, 1201, 1202, 1223\u201339<br>passim, 1275, 1293, 1340,<br>1344, 1357, 1392\u20133, 1394,<br>1419, 1420, 1421, 1422,<br>1423, 1427\u201332 passim,<br>1439, 1452; Isildur\u2019s Bane<br>317, 320, 322, 324, 860,<br>866, 874, 875, 877, 993;<br>Ring of Isildur 68\u20139, 324,<br>328\u20139, 359; called Precious<br>by Gollum (and in referring<br>to him by Frodo and Sam),<br>Bilbo, and Isildur 15\u201316,<br>44, 74\u20135, 329, 801, 802,<br>803, 805, 807, 815, 820,<br>821, 827\u201335 passim, 837,<br>841, 898\u2013902 passim, 934,<br>947, 1234, 1235, 1238;<br>index 1551<br>Rauros) 479, 486, 495,<br>507\u20138, 513\u201314, 517, 518,<br>522, 524, 537, 540, 542,<br>543\u20134, 860, 867, 872, 885,<br>993, 1150, 1253, 1272, 1480<br>Reckoning of Rivendell see<br>Rivendell: calendar of<br>Reckoning of Years 20\u20131<br>Red Arrow 1045, 1069, 1093<br>Red Book of the Periannath 20<br>Red Book of Westmarch (Bilbo<br>Baggins\u2019 book, diary) 1, 2,<br>10, 17, 18, 19, 41, 52, 137,<br>301, 351, 352, 356, 360,<br>597, 1294, 1329, 1343\u20134,<br>1347, 1419, 1442, 1450,<br>1453, 1458, 1489, 1493,<br>1496<br>Red star in the South 357<br>Redhorn see Caradhras<br>Redhorn Gate (Redhorn Pass)<br>357, 369, 371, 373, 374,<br>383, 384, 1291, 1366, 1409,<br>1425, 1428<br>Remmirath, the Netted Stars<br>107<br>Reunited (restored) Kingdom<br>19, 1459<br>Rhosgobel 334, 357<br>Rhovanion 1371\u201380 passim,<br>1064, 1425, 1432; kings of<br>1395<br>Rhudaur 263, 1360, 1361, 1362,<br>1425; Hillmen of 1361; men<br>of 263<br>Rhu\u02c6n 323, 988; men of 1243<br>Rhu\u02c6n, Sea of (Inland Sea) 323,<br>988, 1002, 1359, 1368,<br>1369, 1405<br>Rhymes of Lore 779<br>Riddermark see Rohan<br>Riddle-game 15\u201316, 75<br>526, 573, 590, 597, 614,<br>647, 646, 658, 733, 770,<br>780, 850, 853, 860, 867,<br>884, 954, 963, 1022, 1026,<br>1142, 1212, 1245, 1274,<br>1275, 1280, 1289\u201394<br>passim, 1343, 1344, 1358,<br>1360, 1365, 1377, 1386,<br>1387, 1389, 1390, 1391,<br>1415, 1417, 1422, 1424,<br>1430\u201340 passim, 1491;<br>calendar of (Reckoning of<br>Rivendell) 1453\u20135, 1459;<br>name 1491; Hall of Fire<br>301, 360, 364, 954<br>River Running (Celduin) 1370,<br>1380, 1407\u20138<br>River-daughter see Goldberry<br>River-woman 156<br>Road, as idea 46\u20137, 96\u20137, 372<br>Roads see names of roads, e.g.<br>East-West Road<br>Rohan (Riddermark [Riddenamearc, land of the knights],<br>the Mark, etc.) 20\u20131, 320,<br>341, 342, 453, 486, 496\u20137,<br>522, 545\u201351 passim, 555,<br>561\u201372 passim, 590, 598,<br>617, 627, 637, 639, 648\u201353<br>passim, 658, 659, 661, 662,<br>663, 664, 670\u20136 passim,<br>680\u20135 passim, 696, 698,<br>700, 703, 710, 736, 738,<br>742, 748, 749, 753, 769,<br>782, 796, 872, 879, 887,<br>978, 980\u20131, 983, 996, 1001,<br>1003, 1004, 1013\u201314, 1016,<br>1029, 1036, 1040, 1046,<br>1047, 1051, 1053, 1069,<br>1074, 1075, 1085, 1090,<br>1111, 1114, 1128, 1136,<br>1142, 1255, 1270, 1276,<br>1552 the return of the king<br>Ring, the \u2013 cont.<br>inscription (fire-writing) 66,<br>807, 1473, 1487; War of see<br>War of the Ring<br>Ring, Company (Companions)<br>of the see Company of the<br>Ring<br>Ring of Barahir 1364, 1386,<br>1431<br>Ring-verse v, 66; see also Ring,<br>the: inscription<br>Rings of Power (Great Rings,<br>Elven-rings) 61, 63, 73, 74,<br>77\u20138, 315, 325, 329, 733,<br>905, 1150, 1346; lesser rings<br>61; Three Rings (of Elves)<br>66, 67, 68, 78, 315, 325,<br>328, 329, 350, 475\u20137, 1272,<br>1290, 1351, 1393, 1422,<br>1423, 1424, 1441 see also<br>Narya, Nenya, Vilya; Seven<br>Rings (of Dwarves) 66, 67,<br>78, 325, 328, 349, 477,<br>1408, 1473; Thro\u00b4r\u2019s Ring<br>1408, 1413, 1414, 1418;<br>Nine Rings (of Mortal<br>Men) 66, 67, 78, 325, 328,<br>477; see also Elven-smiths:<br>of Eregion<br>Ringlo\u00b4 1145, 1436<br>Ringlo\u00b4 Vale<br>Ringwraiths see Nazgu\u02c6l<br>Rivendell (Imladris, house of<br>Elrond, Last Homely<br>House) 4, 19, 21, 86, 105,<br>109, 138, 217, 222, 225,<br>232, 233, 245, 251, 253,<br>261\u20132, 274, 275, 277, 279,<br>285\u2013310 passim, 317, 320,<br>344, 354\u201369 passim, 378,<br>384, 396, 405, 406, 441,<br>454, 453, 466, 467, 476,<br>887, 981, 983, 1004,<br>1012\u201328 passim, 1035\u201341<br>passim, 1045, 1049, 1050,<br>1051, 1052, 1055, 1066,<br>1067, 1068, 1069, 1075,<br>1086, 1091\u20137 passim,<br>1104\u20139 passim, 1128, 1129,<br>1137, 1144, 1153, 1154,<br>1155, 1174, 1242, 1249,<br>1255, 1257, 1265, 1266,<br>1270, 1276, 1277, 1278,<br>1360, 1381, 1380, 1382,<br>1390, 1396\u20131405 passim,<br>1428, 1435, 1436, 1480,<br>1484, 1493; Eorlingas<br>(Eorlings) 675, 677, 683,<br>685, 688, 705, 1044, 1051,<br>1099, 1396, 1484; Forgoil,<br>Strawheads 700, 1484;<br>horse-boys (horsebreeders)<br>583, 587, 592; Horsemen<br>(Horse-men, Horse-lords)<br>341, 373, 496, 555, 637,<br>649, 663\u20134, 738, 1089\u201390,<br>1091, 1293; Middle<br>Peoples, Men of the<br>Twilight 887; Northmen<br>1099; robbers of the North<br>700; Sons of Eorl 567,<br>1047, 1094; Whiteskins<br>(night-eyes) 587\u201391 passim;<br>calendar of 1456; horns of<br>598, 687, 705, 706, 1085,<br>1096\u20137, 1105, 1107, 1111,<br>1278, 1280\u20131, 1380,<br>1399\u20131400, 1436; language<br>of 21, 662\u20133, 724, 887,<br>1484, 1485, 1493, 1496;<br>name 1461; writing 1468<br>Ro\u00b4mendacil I \u2018East-victor\u2019<br>(Tarostar) 1359, 1367,<br>1369\u201370, 1424<br>index 1553<br>1277, 1278, 1279, 1289,<br>1300, 1318, 1351, 1381,<br>1382, 1396\u20131406 passim,<br>1419, 1428\u201343 passim,<br>1456, 1461, 1463, 1464,<br>1480, 1484, 1485, 1489;<br>barrows, mounds of see<br>Barrowfield; East-mark 567;<br>East Wall of 550, 568; West<br>Marches 669; emblem of<br>(white horse, great horse<br>running free usually upon<br>green) 1050, 1097, 1099,<br>1109, 1167, 1405; horses of,<br>characteristics 341, 571,<br>590, 1049; horses of, theft<br>or tribute 341, 560\u20131, 566,<br>1404; kings, lords of (Markwardens) 564, 1051, 1278,<br>1400\u201305, 1428; name 1461,<br>1463; names in 1464;<br>Riders, men of see<br>Rohirrim; see also East<br>Dales; Eastfold; Gap of<br>Rohan; Helm\u2019s Deep;<br>Westfold; Wold of Rohan;<br>etc.<br>Roheryn 1019, 1024<br>Rohirrim (Riders, men of<br>Rohan, Riders, host, knights<br>of the Mark, Riders of<br>The\u00b4oden, etc.) [Rider: in<br>Rohan (ridda), a Knight of<br>the king\u2019s trained cavalry]<br>21, 341, 385, 497, 547, 548,<br>549, 555, 559, 560, 561,<br>566, 570, 574, 576, 589\u201399<br>passim, 614\u201315, 649, 661,<br>662, 675, 676, 684, 687\u201399<br>passim, 705\u20137 passim, 718,<br>719, 724, 753, 755, 756,<br>757, 767, 777, 796, 886,<br>Sammath Naur (Chambers of<br>Fire) 1232, 1236, 1237,<br>1238, 1244, 1437; see also<br>Crack(s) of Doom<br>Sandheaver, surname 203<br>Sandyman the Miller 30, 51, 58,<br>1325\u20136<br>Sandyman, Ted 58\u20139, 84, 423,<br>472, 1325\u20136, 1331<br>Sangahyando 1372<br>Sarn Ford 225, 1309, 1320,<br>1433, 1442<br>Sarn Gebir 479, 502, 503, 507,<br>508, 510, 1434; portage-way<br>508\u201310<br>Saruman (Saruman the White,<br>Saruman the Wise, etc.)<br>63\u20134, 76, 325, 326\u20138,<br>333\u201342 passim, 345, 347,<br>348\u20139, 385, 473, 541, 556,<br>566, 568, 569, 574\u20136, 581,<br>594, 615, 616, 617, 627,<br>633\u20134, 636\u201352 passim, 664,<br>676, 679, 680, 681, 686,<br>688, 690, 691, 700, 701,<br>709, 710, 711, 712, 715,<br>719\u201329 passim, 730, 731,<br>733, 738\u201366 passim, 770,<br>773\u201382 passim, 841, 990,<br>1021, 1046, 1066, 1135,<br>1138, 1165, 1282, 1284,<br>1287, 1288, 1289, 1304,<br>1332\u20135, 1382, 1383,<br>1400\u201305 passim, 1416,<br>1424, 1428, 1429, 1430,<br>1431, 1435, 1439, 1440;<br>Curun\u0131\u00b4r 1424; Saruman of<br>Many Colours 337;<br>Saruman Ring-maker 337;<br>Sharkey 1315, 1325, 1326,<br>1332, 1337, 1338; tree-killer<br>740; voice of (power of<br>1554 the return of the king<br>Ro\u00b4mendacil II (Minalcar) 1359,<br>1371, 1373<br>Roper, Andwise \u2018Andy\u2019 798,<br>1450<br>Roper, Anson 1450<br>Rose, daughter of Holman \u2018the<br>greenhanded\u2019 1450<br>Ruffians (Chief \u2019s Men,<br>Sharkey\u2019s Men) 1314\u201330<br>passim, 1336, 1337<br>Rules, the, ancient law 12<br>Rules, imposed by Lotho 1309,<br>1324, 1325<br>Rumble, Widow 1340<br>Ru\u00b4mil 446, 450, 451, 1467<br>Runes 32, 222, 244\u20135, 272, 304,<br>360, 412, 416\u201317, 418, 434,<br>488, 489, 540, 541, 668,<br>851, 1280, 1409, 1467\u20138;<br>Cirth 1467, 1468, 1475\u20139;<br>see also Angerthas Daeron;<br>Angerthas Moria; Daeron\u2019s<br>Runes<br>Running River see River<br>Running<br>Rushey 129<br>Rushlight, surname 203<br>Sackville-Baggins family (the S.-<br>B.s) 27, 30, 37, 39, 40\u20131,<br>49, 87, 89\u201390, 135, 137\u20138,<br>342, 355<br>Sackville-Baggins, Lobelia ne\u00b4e<br>Bracegirdle 37, 49\u201353<br>passim, 87, 90, 1326, 1445,<br>1447, 1327<br>Sackville-Baggins, Lotho (the Boss,<br>the Chief, Pimple) 87, 89, 90,<br>750, 1304, 1307\u201327 passim,<br>1330\u20135 passim, 1445, 1447<br>Sackville-Baggins, Otho 37,<br>50\u20131, 53, 87, 1445, 1447<br>1217, 1219, 1222, 1223,<br>1227, 1232, 1233, 1236,<br>1237, 1247, 1256, 1262,<br>1266, 1272, 1354, 1355,<br>1356, 1368, 1372, 1373,<br>1381\u20135 passim, 1389, 1390,<br>1391\u20132, 1404, 1405, 1406,<br>1413, 1414, 1415, 1416\u201317,<br>1421, 1422, 1423, 1427,<br>1429, 1430, 1431, 1432,<br>1437, 1438, 1459, 1487,<br>1490, 1495; Necromancer<br>326; servant of Morgoth<br>1420; name 1491; servants,<br>hosts of 289, 313\u201314,<br>873\u20134, 1034, 1071, 1077,<br>see also Nazgu\u02c6l, Orcs; Lord<br>of the Ring 294; shadow of<br>1241\u20132; slaves of 1227;<br>throne of 1223; see also<br>Barad-du\u02c6r; Eye, the;<br>Shadow<br>Sauron\u2019s Road 1232, 1233<br>Scary 1336, 1337<br>Scatha the Worm 1279\u201380,<br>1396\u20137; hoard of 1396\u20137<br>Sea, the 3, 5, 9, 11, 59, 104, 105,<br>142, 169, 171, 184, 242,<br>262, 287, 293, 305, 306,<br>316, 319, 326, 347, 384,<br>443, 444, 453, 454, 473,<br>475, 476, 485\u20136, 496, 507,<br>508\u20139, 522, 542, 543, 549,<br>550, 610, 615, 620, 633,<br>656, 659, 663, 725, 779,<br>825, 850, 871, 886, 888,<br>919, 982, 999, 1002, 1032,<br>1052\u20133, 1056, 1088, 1097,<br>1106, 1109, 1112, 1125,<br>1143, 1145, 1148, 1192,<br>1204, 1265, 1267, 1272,<br>1288, 1292, 1327, 1339,<br>index 1555<br>persuasion) 740, 752,<br>753\u201362, 1282\u20133, 1333; host<br>of see Orcs; Men, in service<br>of Saruman 568; treason of<br>Isengard 1001\u20132; see also<br>Isengard; Orthanc; White<br>Hand<br>Sauron (Dark Lord, Enemy,<br>Black One, Black Hand,<br>Black Master, Base Master<br>of Treachery, Dark Power,<br>dark hands of the East,<br>Nameless One, etc.) 21, 57,<br>61\u20139 passim, 77\u201382 passim,<br>109, 136, 172, 184, 190,<br>223, 224, 225\u20136, 248, 253,<br>266, 274, 288\u201391 passim,<br>294, 302, 313\u201314 passim,<br>323, 325, 326, 329\u201333<br>passim, 334\u20137 passim,<br>346\u201351 passim, 358, 363,<br>365, 375, 376, 385, 386,<br>389, 452, 453, 458, 465,<br>471\u20137 passim, 495, 496,<br>519\u201324 passim, 556, 560,<br>563, 564, 566, 621, 633,<br>646, 648, 649, 651, 653,<br>669, 717, 735, 757, 763,<br>773\u20137 passim, 779, 780,<br>788, 795, 807 817, 823\u201343<br>passim, 848, 851, 861, 862,<br>867\u201373 passim, 877, 885\u20138<br>passim, 889, 925, 929, 933,<br>934, 937, 946, 948, 961,<br>965, 968, 971, 981, 988,<br>994, 1001, 1022, 1023\u20134,<br>1026, 1046, 1061\u201371<br>passim, 1074, 1076, 1077,<br>1078, 1092, 1098, 1099,<br>1117\u201322 passim, 1127,<br>1129, 1147\u201367 passim,<br>1177, 1178, 1207, 1214,<br>1073, 1085, 1113, 1114,<br>1131, 1277, 1297, 1300,<br>1305, 1397, 1433, 1467,<br>1493; name 1493<br>Shadowmere 306<br>Shadows 1353<br>Shadowy Mountains see Ephel<br>Du\u00b4ath<br>Shagrat (Captain of the Tower)<br>964\u201371, 1175, 1179\u201388<br>passim, 1200, 1202, 1209,<br>1211, 1437<br>Sharkey see Saruman<br>Sharkey\u2019s End 1338<br>Sharku\u02c6 1332, 1487<br>Sharp-ears 188<br>Shathu\u02c6r see Fanuidhol<br>Shelob (She, her Ladyship, the<br>Watcher) 828, 841, 905,<br>938\u201355 passim, 960, 963\u201371<br>passim, 1174, 1175, 1177,<br>1180, 1184, 1212, 1431,<br>1436, 1440; lair of (Torech<br>Ungol) 840\u20131, 928, 930,<br>938\u201351, 962, 963 passim,<br>1174\u20135, 1187, 1436<br>Ship, as emblem see Dol Amroth<br>Ship-kings 1268, 1424<br>Shire, the (country, land of the<br>Halflings) 2\u201314 passim, 18,<br>19, 20\u20131 passim, 27\u2013145<br>passim, 173, 183, 190\u2013207<br>passim, 216, 217, 218, 219,<br>222, 223, 225\u20136, 231, 241,<br>246, 265, 276, 287, 290,<br>293, 297, 301, 302, 310,<br>324, 331\u201342 passim, 344,<br>345, 353, 360, 375, 414,<br>418, 423, 427, 453, 457,<br>467, 469, 472, 506, 517,<br>526, 614, 728, 750, 765,<br>793, 798, 842, 845, 850,<br>1556 the return of the king<br>Sea \u2013 cont.<br>1347, 1354\u20137, 1364\u201372<br>passim, 1382, 1390, 1392,<br>1395, 1419, 1420, 1424,<br>1428, 1430, 1441, 1442,<br>1443, 1454, 1482, 1483;<br>Great Sea 104, 105, 195,<br>454, 506, 542, 725, 825,<br>1268, 1352; Sundering Seas<br>252, 253, 485, 782; Western<br>Seas 104, 412, 1345<br>Seat of Hearing see Amon Lhaw<br>Seat of Seeing see Amon Hen<br>Second Age 21, 315, 1351, 1355,<br>1358, 1420\u20133, 1468<br>Secret Fire 430<br>Seeing-stones see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Seen and the Unseen 290<br>Seven Rings see Rings of Power<br>Seven Stars see Elendil: emblems<br>of<br>Seven Stones see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Shadow, the, i.e. the recurring<br>and growing power of evil,<br>especially of Sauron 67\u20138,<br>77, 220, 314, 342, 358, 445,<br>453, 454, 516, 646, 788,<br>909, 1002, 1035, 1055,<br>1065, 1092, 1206, 1224,<br>1246, 1258, 1261, 1278,<br>1373, 1391, 1393, 1394,<br>1406, 1422, 1437; sometimes<br>used as a synonym for<br>Sauron or Mordor; see also<br>Morgoth<br>Shadow Host see Dead, the<br>Shadowfax 342, 344, 566, 590,<br>658, 659, 660, 664, 669,<br>681, 684, 685, 688, 707,<br>709, 719, 778, 783, 978,<br>979, 983, 984, 994, 996,<br>997, 1005\u201312, 1038, 1060,<br>1247, 1351, 1441, 1444,<br>1451\u20133, 1455\u201360<br>Shirriff-houses 1311, 1312,<br>1325, 1337<br>Shirriffs 13, 1310\u201315 passim,<br>1320, 1325, 1337; First<br>Shirriff 13<br>Sickle, the (Plough, Great Bear)<br>228<br>Siege of Barad-du\u02c6r 1423<br>Silent Street see Rath D\u0131\u00b4nen<br>Silent Watchers 840, 926, 839<br>Silmarie\u00a8n 1355, 1375<br>Silmaril(s) ( Jewels, Great Jewel)<br>253, 305, 307, 360, 932,<br>942, 1245, 1352, 1353<br>Silmarillion, The 1353, 1488<br>Silvan Elves (Silvan folk, Woodelves, East-elves) 76, 78,<br>369, 441\u20139, 1420, 1427,<br>1438, 1481; language of<br>441, 445; see also names of<br>Silvan Elves, e.g. Haldir<br>Silver Tree see Telperion; White<br>Tree<br>Silverlode see Celebrant<br>Silvertine see Celebdil<br>Simbelmyne\u00a8 (Evermind) 662,<br>1031, 1400<br>Sindar see Eldar<br>Sindarin (Grey-elven) 368\u20139,<br>398\u20139, 400, 442, 446, 724,<br>861, 1453, 1459\u201366 passim<br>1471\u20135, 1481\u20137<br>Sirannon (Gate-stream) 392,<br>393; see also Stair Falls<br>Siriondil 1359, 1375<br>Skinbark (Fladrif ) 618, 630,<br>1462<br>Slag-hills 1161, 1437<br>Smallburrow, Robin 1311\u201312,<br>1313<br>index 1557<br>860, 944, 954, 978, 986,<br>989, 994, 998, 1002, 1006,<br>1012, 1018, 1036, 1055,<br>1058, 1139, 1156, 1165,<br>1188, 1197, 1231, 1239,<br>1249, 1275, 1280, 1286,<br>1291\u20131349 passim, 1360\u201367<br>passim, 1415, 1416,<br>1426\u201333 passim, 1439\u201343<br>passim, 1452, 1489; calendar<br>of see Shire Reckoning;<br>clocks in 856; holidays in<br>13, 1341, 1459\u201394;<br>Marches of 12; Messenger<br>Service 13; name 1491;<br>ordering of 12\u201313; personal<br>names in 1491\u20133; placenames in 1485, 1491,<br>1493\u20134; Postmaster 13;<br>Quick Post Service 1312;<br>records in 19\u201321, 1458;<br>settlement of 4, 5; Shirefashion, advice 1292; Shirefolk, Shire-hobbits 21, 196,<br>197, 205, 226, 253, 353,<br>469, 1021, 1036, 1156,<br>1317, 1365, 1428, 1440,<br>etc.; Shire-historians 1329;<br>Shire-moot 12; Shiremuster 12; Watch 13; \u2018sure<br>as Shiretalk\u2019 845; see also<br>Buckland; Bywater;<br>Eastfarthing; Farthings;<br>Green Hills; Hobbiton;<br>Hobbits; North Moors;<br>Northfarthing;<br>Southfarthing; ThreeFarthing Stone; Tookland;<br>Westfarthing; Westmarch;<br>etc.<br>Shire Reckoning (Shirereckoning) 6, 10, 734, 1174,<br>Southfarthing leaf 750<br>Southlinch 1298<br>Southrons see Haradrim<br>Southward Road, in Ithilien<br>903\u20134, 918<br>Spear of Gil-galad see Aeglos<br>Springle-ring 38<br>Staddle 195, 196, 203, 235, 237,<br>1299<br>Staffs, gift of Faramir 908\u20139,<br>950, 956<br>Stair, the, by Moria 394\u20135, 392,<br>393<br>Stair, the, by Rauros (North<br>Stair) 508, 524<br>Stair Falls 392<br>Stairs, the, of Cirith Ungol see<br>Straight Stair; Winding<br>Stair<br>Standing Silence 884, 1250<br>Standing stones 179, 180<br>Star of Elendil see Elendilmir<br>Star of the Du\u00b4nedain 1019,<br>1382, 1441<br>Starkhorn 661, 1035, 1039,<br>1040<br>Stars, as emblems see Arnor;<br>Durin; Elendil; Fe\u00a8anor<br>Stewards of Gondor (Ruling<br>Stewards, Rulers of the<br>City, Lord of the City, of<br>Gondor, etc.) [Steward of<br>the High King (title of<br>rulers of Gondor)] 328,<br>700, 875, 886, 989, 1078,<br>1081, 1112, 1121, 1127\u20138,<br>1152, 1158, 1159, 1359\u201360,<br>1379\u201385; see also names of<br>individual Stewards, e.g.<br>Denethor II; banner of 984,<br>1265, 1379; see also House<br>of the Stewards<br>1558 the return of the king<br>Smaug the Golden (the Dragon)<br>14, 18, 299, 333, 1292,<br>1408, 1415, 1416, 1428,<br>1430; firework 36<br>Sme\u00b4agol see Gollum<br>Smial(s) 8, 9, 1338, 1485, 1494;<br>see also names of individual<br>smials, e.g. Brandy Hall<br>Smiths see Elven-smiths<br>Snaga [slave] 587, 1184\u20136,<br>1188, 1189\u201390, 1486<br>Snowbourn 661, 662, 1035,<br>1037, 1040, 1044, 1051,<br>1053, 1493; name 1493<br>Snowmane 684, 687\u20138, 703,<br>1019, 1049, 1096, 1097,<br>1099\u20131100, 1106<br>Snowmane\u2019s Howe 1106<br>Snowmen of Forochel see<br>Lossoth<br>Sorcerer King of Angmar see<br>Witch-king<br>South, the, relative to<br>inhabitants of the North<br>201, 203\u20134, 301, 334;<br>strangers from, at Bree 201,<br>203\u20134, 210, 215\u201316, 235,<br>1314, see also Southerner,<br>squint-eyed; see also<br>Belfalas; Dol Amroth;<br>Gondor; Harad; etc.<br>South Ithilien 981, 1143, 1374,<br>1426<br>South Lane 1317<br>South Road 1007<br>Southern Star 11<br>Southerner, squint-eyed 204,<br>210, 215\u201316, 227, 1314<br>Southfarthing 10, 12, 49, 99,<br>496, 1288, 1298, 1304,<br>1309, 1324, 1339, 1428,<br>1431<br>Swan-ship 485, 486<br>Swanfleet river 1289<br>Swans, black 498<br>Swertings (Swarthy Men) see<br>Haradrim<br>Swish-tail 188<br>Sword that was broken see Narsil<br>Swords see names of individual<br>swords, e.g. Sting; from<br>barrow 191, 255\u20136, 257,<br>278, 361, 422\u20133, 538, 591,<br>941, 943\u20134, 1017\u201318, 1095,<br>1101, 1105, 1165, 1169,<br>1249, 1250, 1437; melts<br>1105<br>Talan see Flet<br>Tale of Aragorn and Arwen, The<br>20, 1385\u201395<br>Tale of Years, The 21, 1420\u201343<br>Taniquetil (the Mountain) 306<br>Tar-Alcarin 1354<br>Tar-Aldarion 1354, 1375<br>Tar-Amandil 1354, 1355<br>Tar-Ana\u00b4rion 1354<br>Tar-Ancalime\u00a8 1345, 1375, 1421<br>Tar-Ancalimon 1354, 1422<br>Tar-Ardamin 1354\u20135<br>Tar-Atanamir 1354, 1355\u20136,<br>1422<br>Tar-Calmacil 1422<br>Tar-Ciryatam 1422<br>Tar-Elendil 1355, 1354, 1375<br>Tar-Meneldur 1354, 1375<br>Tar-Minastir 1354, 1355, 1422<br>Tar-Minyatur see Elros TarMinyatur<br>Tar-M\u0131\u00b4riel 1355<br>Tar-Palantir \u2018The Farsighted\u2019<br>(Ar-Inziladu\u02c6n) 1355, 1356,<br>1422<br>Tar-Su\u00b4rion 1354<br>index 1559<br>Stewards\u2019 Reckoning 1454\u20135,<br>1459<br>Sting (Elvish knife), sword 15,<br>18, 41, 361, 364, 404, 421,<br>423, 439, 449, 500, 515,<br>802, 859, 945, 950, 951,<br>953, 956, 962, 963, 969\u201370,<br>971, 1173, 1180, 1183,<br>1186, 1190, 1193, 1212,<br>1227, 1250, 1292<br>Stock 93, 100, 117, 120, 127,<br>129<br>Stock-brook 117<br>Stock Road 1344<br>Stone of Erech (Black Stone) [a<br>tryst-stone (symbol of<br>Isildur\u2019s overlordship)]<br>1023, 1024, 1031\u20134 passim,<br>1144, 1146; see also Erech<br>Stone-trolls see Trolls<br>Stonebows, Bridge of 5\u20136; see<br>also Brandywine Bridge<br>Stones of Seeing see Palant\u0131\u00b4r<br>Stonewain Valley 1090, 1091,<br>1174<br>Stoors 4, 8, 69, 1362, 1425,<br>1426, 1485, 1492; language<br>of 1485; names 1492\u20133<br>Straight Stair 841, 927, 928, 966,<br>967<br>Strider see Aragorn II<br>Strider, pony 1344<br>Stybba 1019, 1049, 1052<br>Summerfilth 1456<br>Sun, called Yellow Face by<br>Gollum 812, 838, 846, 852,<br>863, 899<br>Sundering Seas see Sea, the<br>Sunlending see Ano\u00b4rien<br>Sunless Year 104<br>Swan, as emblem see Dol<br>Amroth<br>The\u00b4oden, son of Thengel (King,<br>Lord of the Mark, Lord of<br>Rohan, Lord of the<br>Rohirrim, Horsemaster,<br>Father of Horse-men,<br>The\u00b4oden Ednew, etc.) 341,<br>563\u201371 passim, 650, 653,<br>658, 661\u201393 passim, 700\u201312<br>passim, 717\u201321 passim,<br>726\u20139 passim, 746\u20139<br>passim, 767, 776, 783, 983,<br>987, 990, 996, 1013\u201320<br>passim, 1022, 1024\u20135<br>passim, 1035\u201363 passim,<br>1055, 1086\u20131106 passim,<br>1111, 1121, 1128, 1134\u20138<br>passim, 1149, 1202, 1255,<br>1270, 1277\u201380 passim,<br>1397, 1403\u20134, 1430, 1431,<br>1433, 1435\u20136; household of<br>(lords of the House of Eorl,<br>of the Golden House) 688,<br>692, 705, 708, 1017, 1050,<br>1094, 1104, 1105<br>The\u00b4odred 669, 683, 687, 756,<br>1404, 1435<br>The\u00b4odwyn 1403, 1404<br>Thingol Grey-cloak 252, 253,<br>1352, 1421, 1468, 1481<br>Third Age 1, 3, 14, 19, 21, 324,<br>1269, 1272, 1347, 1351,<br>1378, 1395, 1401, 1405,<br>1420, 1423\u201343, 1458;<br>beginning of 1467<br>Thistlewool, surname 203<br>Thorin I 1408, 1418, 1427<br>Thorin II \u2018Oakenshield\u2019 14, 297,<br>349, 364, 361, 414,<br>1408\u201318 passim, 1428,<br>1430<br>Thorin III \u2018Stonehelm\u2019 1418,<br>1438, 1439<br>1560 the return of the king<br>Tar-Telemmaite\u00a8 1354<br>Tar-Telperie\u00a8n 1354<br>Tar-Vanimelde\u00a8 1354<br>Tarannon Falastur \u2018Lord of the<br>Coasts\u2019 1359, 1367<br>Tarcil 1358<br>Tarciryan 1359<br>Targon 998<br>Tark(s) 1185, 1487<br>Tarlang\u2019s Neck 1034<br>Tarmenel 305<br>Tarondor 1359, 1373, 1426<br>Tarostar see Ro\u00b4mendacil I<br>Tasarinan (Nan-tasarion [Vale<br>of Willows]) 610, 1285<br>Taters (potatoes) 29, 31, 855,<br>856, 1327<br>Taur-na-neldor see Neldoreth<br>Taur-nu-Fuin 252\u20133<br>Tauremornalo\u00b4me\u00a8 611<br>Teeth of Mordor see Towers of<br>the Teeth<br>Telchar 667<br>Telcontar see Aragorn II<br>Telemnar 1359, 1373, 1426<br>Telperion (Silver Tree, White<br>Tree, Eldest of Trees) 779,<br>842, 1273, 1352; one of the<br>Two Trees of Valinor 1352,<br>1353<br>Telumehtar Umbardacil 1359,<br>1373, 1426<br>Tengwar 32, 66, 1463\u20139<br>Thain [chieftain] 6, 12\u201313, 1426<br>Thain\u2019s Book 20, 1481<br>Thangorodrim 932, 1352, 1407,<br>1421<br>Tharbad 4, 357, 487, 1360, 1429<br>Tharku\u02c6n see Gandalf<br>Thengel 670, 755, 1382, 1403;<br>see also The\u00b4oden, son of<br>Thengel<br>Took family 4, 12\u201313, 37, 38\u20139,<br>40, 48, 196, 600\u20131, 771,<br>1139, 1321, 1327\u20138, 1448,<br>1458, 1491; names 1491; see<br>also Great Smials; Tookland<br>Took, Adalgrim 1448<br>Took, Adamanta ne\u00b4e Chubb<br>1448<br>Took, Adelard 48, 1448<br>Took, Bandobras \u2018Bullroarer\u2019 2,<br>7, 388, 1292, 1366, 1428,<br>1448<br>Took, Diamond, of Long Cleeve<br>1441, 1448<br>Took, Eglantine ne\u00b4e Banks 1448<br>Took, Everard 38, 1448<br>Took, Faramir 1442, 1450, 1448<br>Took, Ferdibrand 1448<br>Took, Ferdinand 1448<br>Took, Ferumbras (II) 1448<br>Took, Ferumbras (III) 1448<br>Took, Flambard 1448<br>Took, Fortinbras (I) 1448<br>Took, Fortinbras (II) 1448<br>Took, Gerontius \u2018the Old Took\u2019<br>28, 29, 56, 600\u20131, 1292,<br>1343, 1346, 1428, 1429,<br>1448<br>Took, Goldilocks ne\u00b4e Gamgee<br>1347, 1441, 1448, 1450<br>Took, Hildibrand 1448<br>Took, Hildifons 1448<br>Took, Hildigard 1448<br>Took, Hildigrim 1445, 1448<br>Took, Isembard 1448<br>Took, Isembold 1448<br>Took, Isengar 1448<br>Took, Isengrim (II) 11, 13, 1448<br>Took, Isengrim (III) 2, 1448<br>Took, Isumbras (I) 1427<br>Took, Isumbras (III) 2, 1448<br>Took, Isumbras (IV) 1448<br>index 1561<br>Thorondir 1360<br>Thorondor 1241<br>Thorongil see Aragorn II<br>Thra\u00b4in I 1407, 1418, 1427<br>Thra\u00b4in II, son of Thro\u00b4r (Durin\u2019s<br>Heir) 349, 387, 1408\u201318<br>passim, 1428<br>Thranduil 312, 332, 355, 461,<br>1419, 1420, 1432, 1437,<br>1438<br>Three-Farthing Stone 1313,<br>1339<br>Three Houses of Men (the Elffriends) see Edain<br>Three Hunters (Aragorn, Gimli,<br>Legolas) 546, 643<br>Three Kindreds 546, 1495<br>Three Rings see Rings of Power<br>Thrihyrne 687, 689, 779<br>Throne, of Gondor (throne of<br>gold) 549, 987, 1268<br>Thro\u00b4r 313, 349, 387, 1407,<br>1408\u20139, 1413, 1418, 1428;<br>ring of 349<br>Tighfield 798, 1450<br>Tim, in troll song 270<br>Tindrock see Tol Brandir<br>Tinu\u00b4viel see Lu\u00b4thien<br>Tirion 306, 485, 781<br>Tobacco see Pipe-weed<br>Tol Brandir (Tindrock) 486,<br>495, 508, 513, 515\u201317<br>passim, 523, 531, 542, 554,<br>567, 573, 823, 872<br>Tom, in troll song 270\u20131<br>Tom Bombadil see Bombadil,<br>Tom<br>Tombs see Barrows; Hallows;<br>House of the Kings; House<br>of the Stewards<br>Tongue see Naith of Lo\u00b4rien<br>Took, The 13<br>Tower Hall see Citadel of<br>Gondor<br>Tower Hills (Emyn Beraid) 9,<br>103, 780, 1364, 1442, 1450;<br>palant\u0131\u00b4r of 780, 1364; see<br>also White Towers<br>Tower of Ecthelion see White<br>Tower, of Minas Tirith<br>Tower of Sorcery see Minas<br>Morgul<br>Tower of the (Rising) Moon see<br>Minas Ithil<br>Tower of the (Setting) Sun see<br>Minas Anor<br>Towers of the Teeth (Carchost<br>and Narchost, Teeth of<br>Mordor) 830, 847, 1161,<br>1177, 1242<br>Town Hole 204<br>Translations from the Elvish 20,<br>1292<br>Tree, the see White Tree<br>Tree-men 58\u20139<br>Tree of the High Elves 397, 398<br>Tree-people see Elves of<br>Lothlo\u00b4rien (Galadhrim)<br>Treebeard 601\u201335 passim, 650,<br>651, 652, 726, 728, 729,<br>731, 732, 736, 737, 738,<br>739, 741\u20132, 743\u20134, 747,<br>748, 749, 751, 763, 764\u20135,<br>766, 767, 990, 1281\u20134,<br>1285, 1289, 1435, 1439,<br>1486; Fangorn 604, 618,<br>651, 729, 1281, 1282, 1283;<br>name 604; Eldest 1285;<br>oldest living thing 651, 729<br>Treebeard\u2019s Hill 602\u20137, 641\u20134<br>Trees, Two see Laurelin;<br>Telperion<br>Trolls (Stone-trolls) 12, 57, 249,<br>261, 263, 268\u201371 passim,<br>1562 the return of the king<br>Took, Paladin 989, 991, 994,<br>1321; see also Took,<br>Peregrin, son of Paladin<br>Took, Pearl 1448<br>Took, Peregrin (I) \u2018Pippin\u2019, son<br>of Paladin 2, 20, 21, 56,<br>89\u2013281 passim, 285\u20136, 290,<br>291, 292, 294, 296, 311,<br>354, 357, 359, 364\u2013528<br>passim, 539, 540, 552, 563,<br>564\u20135, 569, 572, 574,<br>578\u2013635 passim, 637, 638,<br>639, 640, 644, 646, 647,<br>648\u20139, 650, 652, 726\u201350<br>passim, 752, 762, 765,<br>767\u201384, 860, 977\u20131011<br>passim, 1016, 1020, 1035,<br>1036, 1042, 1054\u201369,<br>1070\u20132, 1075, 1077,<br>1079\u201383, 1087, 1090,<br>1113\u201316, 1120, 1121, 1122,<br>1124\u20135, 1134, 1137, 1139,<br>1141, 1142, 1143\u20134, 1156,<br>1162, 1164, 1168\u20139, 1174,<br>1251, 1252, 1266, 1271,<br>1277, 1285\u20136, 1289, 1292,<br>1295\u20131322, 1327, 1328,<br>1329, 1330, 1337, 1338,<br>1340, 1341, 1342, 1347,<br>1348, 1349, 1351, 1433,<br>1435, 1441, 1443, 1445,<br>1448, 1450, 1464, 1489;<br>Prince of the Halflings<br>1056; Thain 1443<br>Took, Pervinca 1448<br>Took, Pimpernel 1448<br>Took, Reginard 1448<br>Took, Rosa ne\u00b4e Baggins 1445,<br>1448<br>Took, Sigismond 1448<br>Tookland 12, 93, 1321, 1327<br>Torech Ungol see Shelob: lair of<br>1145, 1146; name 1483; see<br>also Corsairs of Umbar<br>Undergate (under-gate, Underway) 962, 964, 1173, 1182<br>Underharrow 1051<br>Underhill, surname 203; see also<br>Baggins, Frodo<br>Underhill, from Staddle 1299<br>Undertowers 19, 1442<br>Undo\u00b4miel see Arwen<br>Undying Lands (Realm) see<br>Aman<br>Ungoliant 947<br>Upbourn 1051<br>Uruk-hai see Orcs<br>Uruks see Orcs<br>Uttermost West see Aman<br>Valacar 1359, 1369, 1370, 1425<br>Valandil 317, 323, 513, 1267,<br>1355, 1358, 1424<br>Valandur 1358<br>Valar, the (Authorities,<br>Guardians of the World,<br>Lords of the West, those<br>who dwell beyond the Sea) 15,<br>347, 864, 1097, 1261\u20132, 1352,<br>1353, 1354, 1356\u20137, 1419,<br>1359, 1457; Ban of 1354,<br>1356\u20137; thrones of 1268<br>Valimar 492<br>Valinor 306, 1275, 1353, 1420,<br>1422<br>Valinorean, language 1132<br>Varda see Elbereth<br>Vardamir 1354<br>Variags of Khand 1107, 1110<br>Vidugavia 1370<br>Vidumavi 1370<br>Vilya 1346, 1424<br>Vinitharya see Eldacar<br>Vorondil \u2018the Hunter\u2019 988, 1359<br>index 1563<br>290, 293, 429, 1243, 1487;<br>cave-troll 422; Hill-trolls<br>1168\u20139, 1386; Olog-hai<br>1487; language of 1487,<br>1490; Sam\u2019s song of the<br>troll 270\u20131<br>Trolls\u2019 wood (Trollshaws)<br>263\u20139 passim<br>Tuckborough 8, 20, 600, 1006,<br>1321, 1328, 1458<br>Tumladen 999<br>Tunnelly, surname 203<br>Tuor 1353<br>Turambar 1359, 1367<br>Turgon, king of Gondolin<br>1352\u20133<br>Turgon, steward 1360, 1382,<br>1403<br>Tu\u00b4rin, of the First Age 353,<br>953<br>Tu\u00b4rin I, steward 1360<br>Tu\u00b4rin II, steward 1360, 1381\u20132,<br>1403<br>Twilight, of the West 1391, 1393<br>Two Trees of Valinor see<br>Laurelin; Telperion<br>Two Watchers see Watchers<br>Twofoot, Daddy 29<br>Tyrn Gorthad see Barrow-downs<br>Udu\u02c6n, flame of [hell], i.e.<br>dwelling of Morgoth<br>beneath Thangorodrim 430;<br>[a region of Mordor] 1214,<br>1218, 1219, 1243, 1437<br>Ufthak 969<br>Uglu\u00b4k 579\u201398 passim, 614, 617,<br>735<br>Umbar 862, 1001, 1145, 1368,<br>1356, 1371, 1372, 1373,<br>1381, 1383, 1422, 1425,<br>1426, 1480, 1483; fleet of<br>1295, 1361, 1433; Amon<br>Su\u02c6l 242, 344, 780, 1361,<br>1364, 1425; palant\u0131\u00b4r of<br>Amon Su\u02c6l see Palant\u0131\u00b4r;<br>Tower of Amon Su\u02c6l 242,<br>1361, 1425<br>Wellinghall 612, 736<br>Werewolves 290<br>West-elves see Eldar<br>West-gate, of Moria see Moria<br>West March, of Shire 12<br>West Road (North-way), from<br>Minas Tirith to Rohan<br>1154, 1270\u20131, 1274<br>Westemnet 568<br>Westernesse see Nu\u00b4menor<br>Westfarthing 9, 12, 30, 204,<br>1460, 1475, 1489<br>Westfold 688, 692, 707, 757,<br>1018, 1160; Dales of 783;<br>men of (Helmingas,<br>Westfolders, etc.) 692, 693,<br>699, 702, 707, 708, 709,<br>711, 712 see also<br>Erkenbrand, lord of<br>Westfold, Grimbold; Vale<br>of 688, 689, 690<br>Westlands (West of the World,<br>West), i.e. the West of<br>Middle-earth 195, 316, 318,<br>464, 685, 1420, 1421, 1468,<br>1473, 1481, 1483, 1487;<br>West, the (free folk of, men<br>of, children of, army of,<br>etc.), i.e. those free of, and<br>opposing Sauron 77, 318,<br>1024, 1118, 1156, 1165,<br>1249, 1261\u20132<br>Westmansweed see Pipe-weed<br>Westmarch 12, 1442, 1450; see<br>also Red Book of<br>Westmarch<br>1564 the return of the king<br>Wainriders 1373, 1374, 1395,<br>1426<br>Walda 1279, 1402, 1429<br>Wandering Companies 111<br>Wandering Days 3<br>Wandlimb see Fimbrethil<br>War of the Dwarves and Orcs<br>1381\u20132, 1409\u201310, 1417,<br>1428<br>War of the Elves and Sauron<br>1422<br>War of the Great Jewels 1482<br>War of the Ring 20, 21, 287,<br>580, 588, 1344, 1351, 1353,<br>1384, 1385, 1392, 1405,<br>1411, 1417, 1419, 1440,<br>etc.<br>Warden of the Houses of<br>Healing see Houses of<br>Healing<br>Wardens of the Westmarch 19,<br>1442, 1450<br>Wargs see Wolves<br>Watcher in the Water 394,<br>401\u20132, 420<br>Watchers, of Cirith Ungol (Two<br>Watchers) 1180, 1185,<br>1196\u20137<br>Watchful Peace 1366, 1379\u201380,<br>1427<br>Watchwood 766<br>Water, the 36, 93, 109, 1201,<br>1326, 1330<br>Water-valley 93, 101<br>Waybread see Lembas<br>Waymeet 1320, 1321, 1320,<br>1322, 1327<br>Weather Hills 239, 240, 241\u20134,<br>248, 249, 1361<br>Weathertop 4, 225, 237\u201345<br>passim, 254, 260, 261, 264,<br>269, 275, 285, 344, 437,<br>White Tree, of Valinor see<br>Telperion<br>White-socks 188<br>Whitfoot, Will (Mayor of Michel<br>Delving, Flourdumpling)<br>204, 206, 1312, 1325,<br>1336\u20137, 1341, 1440,<br>1441<br>Whitfurrows 1312<br>Whitwell 1006<br>Widfara 1094<br>Wights see Barrow-wights<br>Wild, the 82, 217, 223, 259,<br>302, 355, 1430; Wilderness<br>274<br>Wild Men, of Dunland see<br>Dunlendings<br>Wild Men (Woses) 1087,<br>1088\u201390, 1091\u20132, 1094,<br>1436, 1480, 1484; see also<br>Gha\u02c6n-buri-Gha\u02c6n<br>Wilderland 4, 14, 69, 76, 77,<br>297, 327, 357, 366, 468,<br>501, 506, 508, 514, 615,<br>651, 1362, 1425, 1485<br>Willow, Old Man (Willow-man,<br>Great Willow) 156\u20138, 165,<br>170<br>Windfola 1053, 1100<br>Winding Stair 745\u20136, 841, 928,<br>966, 967<br>Window of the Eye 1232<br>Winged Shadow(s), Terror see<br>Nazgu\u02c6l<br>Winterfilth 1451, 1457<br>Wise, the [the Wizards and the<br>Rulers of the Elves] 3, 62,<br>63, 64, 69, 72, 74, 325, 326,<br>334, 337, 349, 353, 803,<br>1071, 1344, 1425, 1427; see<br>also White Council<br>Wise-nose 188<br>index 1565<br>Wetwang see Nindalf<br>White Company 1269\u201370<br>White Council (Council of the<br>Wise) 57, 62, 63, 69, 326,<br>327\u20138, 333, 345, 346, 464,<br>616, 1293, 1379\u201380, 1400,<br>1416, 1427\u201332 passim<br>White Downs 8, 13, 1313\u201314,<br>1347<br>White Hand, pillar of 722, 767;<br>as emblem see Isengard<br>White horse, emblem of Rohan<br>see Rohan<br>White Mountains (Ered<br>Nimrais, Mountains of<br>Gondor, etc.) 318, 336, 341,<br>374, 444, 487, 496\u20137, 549,<br>555, 659, 686, 687, 779, 886,<br>894, 908, 978, 981, 982,<br>1033, 1035, 1038, 1381,<br>1396, 1398, 1402, 1484<br>White Rider see Gandalf<br>White ship 1348<br>White Tower, of Minas Tirith<br>(Tower of Ecthelion) 542,<br>859, 982, 984, 1001, 1047,<br>1070\u20134, 1077, 1079, 1080,<br>1117, 1121, 1140, 1251,<br>1265, 1304, 1385, 1426,<br>1428<br>White Towers (Elf-towers) 9,<br>59, 347, 1347; see also<br>Tower Hills<br>White Tree, of Gondor (Silver<br>Tree, the Tree) 318, 328,<br>549, 779, 838, 877\u20138, 985,<br>1056, 1109, 1262, 1272\u20133,<br>1275, 1373, 1381, 1385,<br>1405, 1423\u20137 passim, 1439,<br>1457; Nimloth [white<br>flower] 1273, 1357, 1457;<br>see also Withered Tree<br>powers; contemptuously;<br>\u2018wizardry\u2019: magic of kind<br>popularly ascribed to the<br>Wizards]<br>Wizard\u2019s Vale see Nan Curun\u0131\u00b4r<br>Wold of Rohan 558, 572, 1053,<br>1094, 1282, 1396, 1401,<br>1428<br>Wolf, Farmer Maggot\u2019s dog 120,<br>121<br>Wolf of Angband 253<br>Wolf-riders 568, 690, 719<br>Wolves 7, 120, 339, 341, 357,<br>387\u20138, 400, 401, 402, 447,<br>455, 522, 688, 718, 719,<br>723, 738, 746, 747, 885,<br>1300, 1414, 1434; wargs<br>290, 387\u201390; white wolves<br>231, 375, 1429; Hound of<br>Sauron 389; see also Wolf of<br>Angband<br>Wood-elves see Elves<br>Woodhall 93, 100, 106, 114\u201316<br>Woodmen, of Mirkwood 76;<br>language of 1483\u20134<br>Woody End 93, 96, 97, 103,<br>1201, 1310, 1320, 1329,<br>1344, 1441<br>World\u2019s End 307<br>Wormtongue (Gr\u0131\u00b4ma, son of<br>Ga\u00b4lmo\u00b4d) 567, 664, 670\u201381<br>passim, 689, 690, 710, 724,<br>726, 746\u201350 passim, 754,<br>762, 763, 782\u20133, 1037,<br>1134, 1135, 1288, 1289,<br>1333\u20135, 1467, 1493; name<br>1493<br>Woses see Wild Men<br>Wraiths see Nazgu\u02c6l<br>Writing and spelling, in Middleearth 5, 1461\u201377; see also<br>Elvish writing; Runes;<br>1566 the return of the king<br>Witch-king (sorcerer king of<br>Angmar, Wraith-king, chief<br>of the Ringwraiths, Lord of<br>the Nazgu\u02c6l, Morgul-lord,<br>Black Captain, Captain of<br>Despair, etc.) 6, 256, 257,<br>258, 280, 287, 324\u20135, 344,<br>924\u20135, 965\u20136, 1069, 1071,<br>1073, 1077, 1079, 1083,<br>1084, 1085, 1095, 1098,<br>1099\u20131102, 1105, 1107,<br>1121, 1151, 1177, 1202,<br>1211, 1361, 1363, 1364,<br>1376\u20139 passim, 1395, 1405,<br>1419, 1426, 1427, 1436;<br>cry of 1100, 1101, 1121;<br>Dwimmerlaik 1100;<br>winged beast of 1099\u20131102,<br>1107<br>Withered Tree (Dead Tree)<br>[dead relic of the Tree of<br>Gondor] 985, 1080, 1262,<br>1272\u20133, 1275; see also<br>White Tree, of Gondor<br>Withywindle 129, 148\u20139, 151,<br>158, 165, 168, 177; valley of<br>148\u201350, 168<br>Wizard(s) [one of the Order of<br>Istari] 11, 14, 110, 519,<br>615\u201316, 633, 667, 722, 760,<br>768, 770\u20131, 774, 892, 1063,<br>1423; Order 63, 328, 334,<br>335, 758, 761, 1423\u20134;<br>Istari 1423, 1424; Five<br>Wizards 760, 1424; see also<br>names of individual Wizards,<br>e.g. Gandalf; the word<br>\u2018wizard\u2019 often refers<br>specifically to Gandalf, and is<br>also used casually to refer to<br>[a magician; anyone<br>credited with strange<br>Yellowskin ( Yearbook of<br>Tuckborough) 1458<br>Younger Days 337<br>Yule 1337, 1452, 1455<br>Zirakzigil (Zirak) see Celebdil<br>index 1567<br>Tengwar; writing under<br>names of peoples, e.g.<br>Dwarves<br>Wulf 1398, 1399, 1400, 1428<br>Yale, the 100, 1446, 1447<br>MAPS<br>3<br>2<br>4<br>1<br>1<br>2<br>3<br>4<br>ii<br>works by j.r.r. tolkien<br>The Hobbit<br>Leaf by Niggle<br>On Fairy-Stories<br>Farmer Giles of Ham<br>The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth<br>The Lord of the Rings<br>The Adventures of Tom Bombadil<br>The Road Goes Ever On (with Donald Swann)<br>Smith of Wootton Major<br>works published posthumously<br>Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Pearl and Sir Orfeo<br>The Father Christmas Letters<br>The Silmarillion<br>Pictures by J.R.R. Tolkien<br>Unfinished Tales<br>The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien<br>Finn and Hengest<br>Mr Bliss<br>The Monsters and the Critics &amp; Other Essays<br>Roverandom<br>The Children of Hu\u00b4rin<br>The Legend of Sigurd and Gudr\u00fan<br>the history of middle-earth \u2013 by christopher tolkien<br>I The Book of Lost Tales, Part One<br>II The Book of Lost Tales, Part Two<br>III The Lays of Beleriand<br>IV The Shaping of Middle-earth<br>V The Lost Road and Other Writings<br>VI The Return of the Shadow<br>VII The Treason of Isengard<br>VIII The War of the Ring<br>IX Sauron Defeated<br>X Morgoth\u2019s Ring<br>XI The War of the Jewels<br>XII The Peoples of Middle-earth<br>HarperCollinsPublishers<br>77\u201385 Fulham Palace Road,<br>Hammersmith, London W68JB<br>Copyright<br>www.tolkien.co.uk<br>www.tolkienestate.com<br>Published by HarperCollinsPublishers 2008<br>1<br><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pippin looked out from the shelter of Gandalf\u2019s cloak. Hewondered if he was awake or still sleeping, still in the swiftmoving dream in which he had been wrapped so long sincethe great ride began. The dark world was rushing by and thewind sang loudly in his ears. He could see nothing but thewheeling stars, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":192,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-164","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"kubio_ai_page_context":{"short_desc":"","purpose":"general"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411.jpg",1920,800,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411-300x125.jpg",300,125,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411-768x320.jpg",768,320,true],"large":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411-1024x427.jpg",1024,427,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411-1536x640.jpg",1536,640,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411.jpg",1920,800,false],"tp-image-grid":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411.jpg",700,292,false],"kubio-fullhd":["https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/i-hold-you-to-your-oath-fulfilled-v0-g9trju18be411.jpg",1920,800,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/?author=1"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Pippin looked out from the shelter of Gandalf\u2019s cloak. Hewondered if he was awake or still sleeping, still in the swiftmoving dream in which he had been wrapped so long sincethe great ride began. The dark world was rushing by and thewind sang loudly in his ears. He could see nothing but thewheeling stars, and&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=164"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":187,"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/164\/revisions\/187"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saeed.a-zo.nl\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}